美国人原来这样学语法? 你也可以的！
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | 怎么像英语母语者一样自然地学会语法呢? | |
| 0:04 | 其实一个无数岁的美国小朋友 | |
| 0:07 | 他根本不知道什么是past tense | 时态 |
| 0:10 | 也不知道什么是irregular verbs | 普通动词 |
| 0:12 | But they already know saying something like | 但他们已经知道 说类似的东西 |
| 0:15 | I went to school yesterday | 我昨天去上学了 |
| 0:17 | Sounds more natural than saying | 听起来比说更自然 |
| 0:19 | I go to school yesterday | 我昨天去上学了 |
| 0:23 | 如果他们连这些语法规则都不知道 | |
| 0:26 | 那他们到底是怎么学语法的 |
展开字幕全文（142 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 怎么像英语母语者一样自然地学会语法呢? | |
| 2 | 其实一个无数岁的美国小朋友 | |
| 3 | 他根本不知道什么是past tense | 时态 |
| 4 | 也不知道什么是irregular verbs | 普通动词 |
| 5 | But they already know saying something like | 但他们已经知道 说类似的东西 |
| 6 | I went to school yesterday | 我昨天去上学了 |
| 7 | Sounds more natural than saying | 听起来比说更自然 |
| 8 | I go to school yesterday | 我昨天去上学了 |
| 9 | 如果他们连这些语法规则都不知道 | |
| 10 | 那他们到底是怎么学语法的 | |
| 11 | And more importantly | 还有更重要的 |
| 12 | Can you learn English in the same way? | 你能用同样的方式学英语吗? |
| 13 | First, we need to be clear on what grammar actually is | 首先,我们需要明确什么是语法 |
| 14 | Maybe you've started to think of all of these different grammar rules | 也许你开始想这些不同的语法规则 |
| 15 | Different tenses, different clauses, different phrases | 不同的时态,不同的条款,不同的短语 |
| 16 | But that's not all grammar is | 但这不是所有的语法 |
| 17 | Grammar is basically the system or patterns | 语法基本上是系统或模式 |
| 18 | That tell us how a language works | 这告诉我们一种语言是如何工作的 |
| 19 | It tells us how to put different words together | 它告诉我们如何把不同的词集合起来 |
| 20 | To create sentences, to create meaning | 要创建句子, 要创建意义 |
| 21 | For example, something like | 比如说,类似的东西 |
| 22 | I like you or you like me | 我喜欢你或你喜欢我 |
| 23 | We know that the order of words can change the meaning of a sentence | 我们知道词的顺序可以改变句子的意义 |
| 24 | Or something like | 或者说 |
| 25 | I ate yesterday instead of | 我昨天吃东西了 |
| 26 | I eat yesterday | 我昨天吃饭了 |
| 27 | That's grammar | 这是语法 |
| 28 | Learning grammar is not just simply memorizing a list of all of these different rules | 学习语法不只是回忆所有这些不同规则的清单 |
| 29 | The rule is just our way of describing the natural pattern | 规则只是我们描述自然规律的方法 |
| 30 | Now you might be wondering | 现在你可能想知道 |
| 31 | Well, how do native speakers learn grammar? | 当地人如何学习语法? |
| 32 | Native speakers naturally acquire a huge amount of grammar just by listening through exposure | 原生的语法 自然会通过曝光而获得大量的语法 |
| 33 | Kids learn grammar by listening to their parents communicate | 孩子们通过听父母的交流来学习语法 |
| 34 | By talking to their parents, talking to other kids | 和父母说话,跟其他孩子说话 |
| 35 | By watching TV, by reading and speaking and being corrected | 通过看电视, 通过阅读和说话 以及被纠正 |
| 36 | They hear those same patterns all the time | 他们总是听到同样的模式 |
| 37 | So eventually something like | 所以最终会像 |
| 38 | I go to school starts to sound wrong | 我上学时听上去不对劲 |
| 39 | Even if they don't understand why | 即使他们不明白为什么 |
| 40 | Grammar becomes a part of their intuition | 语法成为他们直觉的一部分 |
| 41 | But don't get it twisted | 但别搞错 |
| 42 | That doesn't mean that Americans never study grammar | 这并不意味着美国人从来不学习文法 |
| 43 | Once kids start to learn how to read and especially write | 一旦孩子开始学会读书 特别是写作 |
| 44 | Writing things like essays and papers and other assignments | 写文章、论文和其他任务 |
| 45 | Schools do explicitly teach grammar | 学校确实明确教授语法 |
| 46 | We learn about punctuation, sentence structure, run-on sentences, subject-verb agreement, passive voice | 我们学习了标点语,句子结构,运行句子,主题动词协议,被动语音 |
| 47 | And all of these conventions of formal academic writing | 和所有这些公约 正式的学术著作 |
| 48 | All of this might sound a bit familiar if you learned English formally in school as a second language | 如果你在学校正式学习英语作为第二语言,这一切听起来可能有点熟悉 |
| 49 | But I think there's a very important distinction here | 但我觉得这里有个很重要的区别 |
| 50 | For native speakers, we're taking a language that we already know how to speak | 对讲母语的人来说,我们使用的语言 已经知道怎么说话了 |
| 51 | And diving deeper and learning how to use it more effectively and a bit more formally in writing | 更深入地潜水 学习如何更有效地使用 更正式地写作 |
| 52 | So when we learn these things, we already know how to make a sentence | 所以,当我们学习这些东西, 我们已经知道如何做出一个句子 |
| 53 | We already know how to use the language to express ourselves | 我们已经知道如何用语言表达自己 |
| 54 | We're just learning more about grammar so that we can express ourselves in a more precise and a clearer way | 我们只是更多地学习语法 这样我们才能用更准确更清晰的方式表达自己 |
| 55 | And also so that later on when we go to college or when we have to write an email | 之后我们上大学或写邮件的时候 |
| 56 | We can sound more professional and more formal | 我们可以更专业,更正式 |
| 57 | However, in daily conversations, native speakers break grammar rules all the time | 然而,在日常的谈话中,讲母语的人总是违反语法规则 |
| 58 | For example, instead of saying, there are two dogs outside | 比方说 外面有两只狗 |
| 59 | We might say, there's two dogs outside | 我们可以说,外面有两只狗 |
| 60 | Which is technically incorrect | 这在技术上是不正确的 |
| 61 | Spoken English is a lot different from formal English or the English learned from a textbook | 口语英语与正式英语或从教科书学的英语有很大不同 |
| 62 | So this is the question | 这就是问题所在 |
| 63 | Do English learners need to learn grammar? | 英语学习者需要学习语法吗? |
| 64 | Is grammar important? | 语法重要吗? |
| 65 | I would say yes, it is still important | 我会说是的,这仍然很重要 |
| 66 | But how much you learn depends on what exactly you're trying to achieve with your English skills | 但你要学多少 取决于你到底想用英语达到什么目的 |
| 67 | If you're studying for an exam, if you need to use English in academic settings like writing a paper | 如果你在学习考试,如果在写论文等学术场合需要使用英语 |
| 68 | Or if in work settings you need to write a professional email, stuff like that | 或者,如果在工作环境 你需要写一个专业的电子邮件, 类似的东西 |
| 69 | Then proper grammar is pretty important | 适当的语法很重要 |
| 70 | However, if your goal is just simple daily conversation and communication | 但是,如果你的目标 只是简单的日常谈话和交流 |
| 71 | Then you really don't need to stress too much about grammar | 那你就不用太强调语法了 |
| 72 | You just really need to know the basics, the fundamentals | 你只需要知道基本知识,基本知识 |
| 73 | So that would be something like basic word order, knowing how to ask a question in English | 所以,这将是类似 基本字顺序, 知道如何问一个问题用英语 |
| 74 | Or knowing like the basic verb tenses | 或知道像基本动词紧张 |
| 75 | But you really don't need to stop mid-conversation and think, did I say something wrong? | 但你真的不需要停止 中途交谈和思考, 我说什么错了吗? |
| 76 | Was that present perfect continuous? | 这是完美的连续吗? |
| 77 | Or what tense should I have used in that situation? | 或者,我应该用什么 紧张在这种情况下? |
| 78 | You don't need to worry too much about that for communication | 你不需要担心太多 沟通 |
| 79 | Thinking in this way is only going to make you second guess everything you say and slow down the conversation | 那样想只会让你再猜一遍 你所说的一切 并慢下来的对话 |
| 80 | Instead, we can learn grammar in a more natural way like a native English speaker would learn | 相反,我们可以以更自然的方式学习语法,就像母语英语的人会学习 |
| 81 | And build upon our grammar intuition | 利用我们的语法直觉 |
| 82 | So how do you actually do that? | 那你是怎样做到的? |
| 83 | And is it possible to learn English grammar in this natural way even if you didn't grow up speaking English? | 即使你不会说英语 也能自然地学习英语语法吗? |
| 84 | I personally think it is | 我个人认为 |
| 85 | Of course, learning those basic grammar rules can be really helpful | 当然,学习这些基本的语法规则会很有帮助 |
| 86 | Especially if you're just getting started and you're a beginner | 特别是如果你刚开始,你是初学者 |
| 87 | But instead of focusing on memorizing all of the names of the rules | 但不要把注意力放在记起所有规则的名字上 |
| 88 | I think instead we can try to focus more on recognizing patterns | 我认为我们可以更注重识别模式 |
| 89 | For example, maybe you're focusing on a specific structure or a specific grammar rule | 比如说,也许你正在专注于一个特定的结构或者特定的语法规则 |
| 90 | And you're learning something like present perfect tense | 你正在学习什么 像现在的完美紧张 |
| 91 | Then a textbook might tell you present perfect tense means have, has plus past participle | 那么一本教科书可能会告诉你,目前 完美的紧张手段有, 加上过去的聚会 |
| 92 | And that's useful information but I don't think we should stop there | 这是有用的信息 但我不认为我们应该就此罢休 |
| 93 | We also need to know how to actually use this in real life | 我们还需要知道如何在现实生活中真正使用这个 |
| 94 | We should look at real examples of what native speakers would say | 我们应研究讲母语者所说的话的真正例子。 |
| 95 | You might look at sentences like I've never been there, I've already eaten, I haven't seen it yet | 你可能觉得我从来没有去过那里,我已经吃过了,我还没有看到它 |
| 96 | Then when you're watching a tv show or maybe listening to a podcast | 然后当你在看电视或者听播客 |
| 97 | Or even just having a conversation with someone else | 甚至跟别人聊天 |
| 98 | You can start to pay attention to when you hear those patterns again | 听到这些图案,你就可以开始注意了 |
| 99 | Start to recognize those same sentences or same structures | 开始识别相同的句子或结构 |
| 100 | And over time something like I've never went there just might start to sound wrong to you | 随着时间的推移,我从来没有去过那里 可能会开始对你说错话 |
| 101 | Even if you don't really know how to explain why it sounds wrong | 就算你不知道怎么解释为什么听起来不对劲 |
| 102 | This is actually much closer to how native English speakers learn grammar | 这其实更接近英语母语如何学习语法 |
| 103 | Because in daily communication we're not exactly going through this huge list of grammar rules in our head | 因为在日常的交流中,我们并不完全通过 我们脑海中一系列的语法规则 |
| 104 | We're not thinking about different verb tenses | 我们不是在考虑不同的动词 |
| 105 | We're not worrying about saying something grammatically incorrect | 我们不担心说错话 |
| 106 | Because we've heard it so many times, we've practiced it so many times | 因为我们听过很多次 我们练习过很多次 |
| 107 | It just feels natural, it feels like second nature to us | 它只是感觉自然, 它感觉像我们的第二自然 |
| 108 | And as an English learner you can also slowly build upon that intuition | 作为一名英语学习者,你也可以慢慢地利用这种直觉 |
| 109 | So when learning grammar I wouldn't think of it as learning this rule, memorizing it, and then moving on to the next one | 所以当学习语法时,我并不认为这是学习这个规则, 回忆它,然后转到下一个 |
| 110 | Instead I would focus on learning how something works | 我将专注于学习 东西如何工作 |
| 111 | Hearing it in real English, real spoken English | 以真实的英语,真实的英语听 |
| 112 | Recognizing the pattern and more importantly trying to use it for yourself | 承认这个模式,更重要的是试图自己使用它 |
| 113 | With all of that being said, is grammar really important for English language learners? | 语法对英语学习者来说真的很重要吗? |
| 114 | I would say yes, I mean grammar is the thing that binds language together | 我会说是的,我是说语法是把语言联系在一起的东西 |
| 115 | It's how we know how to put words together | 这就是我们如何知道 如何把文字组合在一起 |
| 116 | And it helps us make sense of what other people are saying | 帮助我们理解别人在说什么 |
| 117 | And it helps us express ourselves more clearly | 它帮助我们更清晰地表达自己 |
| 118 | But does that mean you need to understand all of the grammar rules | 这是否意味着你需要理解所有的语法规则? |
| 119 | And you need to have perfect grammar before you can start speaking English? | 在你开始说英语之前,你需要有完美的语法吗? |
| 120 | Not at all | 一点也不 |
| 121 | You don't need to have perfect grammar in daily conversation | 你不需要有完美的语法 在日常谈话中 |
| 122 | And you also don't need to put this pressure on yourself to be perfect all the time | 你也不需要把这种压力 压在自己身上 才能永远完美 |
| 123 | Some people might even know what they want to say when speaking English | 有些人说英语时可能知道自己想说什么 |
| 124 | But then they start thinking, oh is this grammatically correct or does this sound natural | 但后来他们开始思考, 哦,这是语法上的正确 或者这听起来很自然 |
| 125 | Should I say it this way or that way | 我应该这么说还是那样说 |
| 126 | You start to second guess yourself | 你开始第二次猜测自己 |
| 127 | The truth is you really don't have the time to think of so many things | 事实是你真的没有时间去想那么多事情 |
| 128 | When you're speaking English | 当你说英语的时候 |
| 129 | By the time you've thought of all those grammar rules | 当你想到这些语法规则的时候 |
| 130 | All those pronunciation rules | 所有这些发音规则 |
| 131 | The conversation has already ended | 谈话已经结束了 |
| 132 | It's okay to make mistakes and it's okay to realize after the conversation | 犯错也没关系 谈话后也没关系 |
| 133 | That you should have said something in a different way | 你应该用不同的方式说点什么 |
| 134 | Or actually there was a more efficient way of expressing what you wanted to say | 或者,实际上有一个更有效的方式 表达你想说什么 |
| 135 | This is all just part of the process | 这一切都只是过程的一部分 |
| 136 | And I really just want to emphasize that even native speakers say things grammatically incorrect | 我真的想强调 即使是讲母语的人 也会说错话 |
| 137 | But nobody cares and it's totally a natural part of life | 但没人在乎,这是人生中自然的一部分 |
| 138 | So you don't need to feel the pressure to get everything right on the first try | 所以,你不需要感受压力 得到一切正确的第一次尝试 |
| 139 | But if you're so worried about saying everything perfectly | 但是,如果你这么担心 说的一切完美 |
| 140 | And not making any mistakes that it actually prevents you from speaking in the first place | 不要犯任何错误 让你无法发言 |
| 141 | Then grammar has kind of become something that prevents you from communicating | 那么语法就成了一种 阻止你交流的东西 |
| 142 | And that's the exact opposite of what language is for | 这与语言的目的正好相反 |
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