提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素

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P1 · 提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p01 正方1 (P1)

提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p01 正方1 (P1)

发布于 2026-07-20 · 时长 11:06

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:07	Thank you very much, Mr. President, and thank you for inviting me here tonight.	非常感谢主席先生,感谢你邀请我今晚与会。
0:13	The last time I spoke at the Oxford Union, we won the debate.	我上次在牛津大学联盟发言时 我们赢得了辩论
0:17	That was about the freedom of the press.	这是关于新闻自由。
0:19	The previous time, the Oxford Union showed enormous prescience when, in 1994, the Labour	前一次,牛津大学 表现出巨大的科学前科学 当1994年,工党
0:26	Party was debating changing Clause 4 as the dawn of new Labour.	党正在辩论修改第4条,作为新劳工的开端。
0:32	The Oxford Union saw through it and supported the original Clause 4 by an overwhelming majority.	牛津联盟通过它,并以压倒多数支持原来的第4条。
0:38	That proves that a radical tradition is alive and well in this university.	这证明一个激进的传统在这所大学里是活的和好的.
0:45	I really don't want to upset my colleague John Redwood with his rather strange analogy	我真的不想让同事约翰·雷德伍德 对他奇怪的类比感到不快
0:50	of traffic lights and roundabouts.	交通灯和环路。
0:53	I wasn't quite sure where it was going, except in a circular place, but in London it's his	我不太确定它要去哪里 除了在圆形的地方, 但在伦敦它是他的

展开字幕全文（143 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Thank you very much, Mr. President, and thank you for inviting me here tonight.	非常感谢主席先生,感谢你邀请我今晚与会。
2	The last time I spoke at the Oxford Union, we won the debate.	我上次在牛津大学联盟发言时 我们赢得了辩论
3	That was about the freedom of the press.	这是关于新闻自由。
4	The previous time, the Oxford Union showed enormous prescience when, in 1994, the Labour	前一次,牛津大学 表现出巨大的科学前科学 当1994年,工党
5	Party was debating changing Clause 4 as the dawn of new Labour.	党正在辩论修改第4条,作为新劳工的开端。
6	The Oxford Union saw through it and supported the original Clause 4 by an overwhelming majority.	牛津联盟通过它,并以压倒多数支持原来的第4条。
7	That proves that a radical tradition is alive and well in this university.	这证明一个激进的传统在这所大学里是活的和好的.
8	I really don't want to upset my colleague John Redwood with his rather strange analogy	我真的不想让同事约翰·雷德伍德 对他奇怪的类比感到不快
9	of traffic lights and roundabouts.	交通灯和环路。
10	I wasn't quite sure where it was going, except in a circular place, but in London it's his	我不太确定它要去哪里 除了在圆形的地方, 但在伦敦它是他的
11	great friend who hates egalitarianism with every pore of his body and supports inequality	伟大的朋友谁讨厌平等主义 与身体的每一孔 支持不平等
12	with every fibre of his being, Boris Johnson, who is actually bringing in traffic lights	鲍里斯·约翰逊,他身上的每一个纤维 都带来了交通灯光
13	rather than roundabouts.	而不是环路。
14	Maybe you could have a word with him if you get membership of the Bullingdon Club.	也许你可以和他谈谈 如果你得到了公牛顿俱乐部的成员。
15	I'm sure they'd have you now, at last.	我敢肯定,他们现在有你,终于。
16	They obviously missed a chance with you earlier on.	他们显然错过了跟你在一起的机会
17	If I could just be slightly more serious for a moment, what do we owe to socialism in this country?	如果我能稍微认真一点,我们欠这个国家的社会主义什么?
18	Every single one of you in this room, at some point, has benefited from the principles of	你们在座的每一个人,在某个时候,都受益于以下原则:
19	the National Health Service, free at the point of use as a human right.	国家卫生服务,在作为人权使用时是免费的。
20	The free market capitalist economy of the United States has 40 million people without	美国的自由市场资本主义经济有4 000万人没有
21	access to healthcare and the rest have to pay a great deal for it.	获得医疗保健,其他人必须为此付出很大代价。
22	Where did those ideas come from?	这些想法来自何处?
23	Did they come from some benign, very wealthy person or were they, yes, the dreams of people	他们来自一个善良的,非常富有的人 还是他们,是的,人们的梦想
24	who saw their mothers dying in poverty, saw their wives dying in childbirth, or saw others	他们看见母亲在贫穷中死亡,看见妻子在分娩中死亡,或看见别人。
25	suffering grievously because they could not afford medical care?	因为他们付不起医疗费而承受痛苦?
26	They wanted a communal system that protected everybody from illness and disease.	他们想要一个保护每个人免受疾病和疾病伤害的社区制度。
27	Health inequality since the institution of the National Health Service and in particular	自国家卫生服务机构成立以来的卫生不平等,特别是:
28	has widened since the increase, the vast increase in expenditure on it.	自增加以来,支出大幅增加。
29	So at the very least, it is not an egalitarian institution.	因此,它至少不是一个平等的机构。
30	Wow, health inequality has increased since there has been universal provision of the	自从普遍提供保健服务以来,保健方面的不平等现象有所增加。
31	health service.	保健服务。
32	I seriously doubt what you are saying.	我严重怀疑你在说什么。
33	What I do know is there is health inequality within our society because of poverty, because	我所知道的是,我们社会中存在健康不平等,因为贫困,因为
34	of debt and there is a longer life expectancy for the richer than the poorer.	并且富人比穷人的预期寿命更长。
35	There are many things to be conquered in health issues but the very principle of a health	在健康问题上有很多事情需要克服 但健康的原则
36	service as a right and free at the point of use is surely something that we can all be	在使用时作为免费和有权利的服务,肯定是我们大家都可以做到的。
37	proud of and that, my friends, owes its origins to those socialist thinkers in the 19th century	我的朋友们,都为19世纪的社会主义思想家们感到自豪
38	that saw the evils of free market capitalism in Victorian Britain.	自由市场资本主义的邪恶在维多利亚时代的英国。
39	Think about that.	考虑一下
40	Surely there is something good in that.	肯定有好东西
41	And you could go on about many other things such as access to education, such as the development	你可以继续做许多其他的事情 比如接受教育,比如发展
42	of council housing in the 1920s by the Labour Party particularly but by those that believed	特别是工党在20世纪20年代的 议会住房,但那些相信
43	that there should be decent housing for all.	应为所有人提供体面的住房。
44	The party that is heavily represented by the other side here are presiding over an explosion	由对方代表的政党 正在主持一场爆炸
45	of free market private rented flats which now make up a third of my constituency and	自由市场私人租房 现在占我选区的三分之一
46	people are being socially cleansed by high rents and insufficient benefits and a refusal	高租金、福利不足、拒绝给予社会清洗
47	of government to bring in any form of rent control.	要求政府实行任何形式的租金管制。
48	Again, better quality housing leads to better education achievements, leads to better health.	同样,质量更好的住房也导致更好的教育成就,导致更好的健康。
49	There are many things that we owe in our welfare state to the whole ideas of socialism.	在我们的福利国家里,对于社会主义的整个思想,有许多事情是应该的.
50	But I want you to...	但我想让你...
51	I'll take one more, yes.	我再来一杯,是的。
52	How the moral and socialist principles of the co-op bank are so badly miscarried.	合作银行的道德和社会主义原则如何严重失当.
53	The morals and principles of the co-op bank are, in my view, it should be an ethical bank	我认为合作银行的道德和原则应该是一个道德的银行
54	and it shouldn't involve itself in the arms trade and it doesn't and it didn't and it	它不应该介入武器贸易 它不会,它不会
55	shouldn't involve itself in experimentation on animals and it doesn't and it didn't.	不应该让自己参与动物实验 它没有,它没有。
56	It has been mismanaged, obviously, and there are a number of us who are customers, if you	很明显,它被不当管理, 而且有很多我们是客户,如果你
57	like, members of the co-op who do not want it taken over by hedge funds but want to raise	喜欢,合作社的成员 谁不希望它被对冲基金接管 但想筹集
58	funds in a different way to protect the principle of a mutual bank.	以另一种方式提供资金,以保护共同银行的原则。
59	But you're in no position, no position whatsoever, to lecture anyone about mutuals when you were	但是,你没有位置,没有任何位置, 教别人关于互助,当你是
60	part of a government that destroyed many of the mutuals in this country, such as Northern	一个摧毁了这个国家很多共产主义者的政府的一部分 比如北方
61	Rock, Abbey National等,是现在一些大型银行企业的一部分.
62	You promoted greed at the expense of an egalitarian society and that is everything that Thatcher	你以一个平等的社会为代价 宣扬贪婪 这就是撒切尔的一切
63	was about and you, in particular, were about as a minister in her government.	特别是你当她的政府部长
64	So I want to bring to you the moral case about socialism.	所以我想把关于社会主义的道德案例带给你.
65	Those people opposite that spoke	说话的对面的人
66	{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}你会相信...
67	in a society where as Katie says, the dog eats dog, the poorest go to hell and the richest	在一个社会里,凯蒂说,狗吃狗,最贫穷的人下地狱,最富有的人
68	do well.	做得不错。
69	There isn't, there isn't at all.	没有,根本没有。
70	I believe in everybody there is an ounce of	我相信每个人都有
71	socialism, in some people there's a pound, in some people there are many kilos of socialism.	社会主义,在一些人中有一斤,在一些人中,还有许多公斤的社会主义.
72	Socialism is surely about the kind of society you want to live in.	社会主义肯定是指你想生活在什么样的社会里.
73	Do you want to live in	你想住在这里吗?
74	a society where there is no public provision of any kind of service, there is only private	社会没有公共提供任何形式的服务,只有私人服务;
75	and the only thing to worship is money and getting wealthy at the expense of others?	而唯一可以崇拜的就是金钱和以牺牲他人为代价的致富?
76	Or do you want to live in a society where there is universal healthcare, where there	或者你想生活在一个有全民医保的社会里
77	is a protection against total destitution and poverty and every child gets to go to	保护每个儿童免受赤贫和贫困之害
78	school?	学校?
79	Because in many parts of the world they don't and I want to live in a society	因为在世界很多地方 他们没有 我想生活在一个社会
80	that has that kind of collective principle about it.	它有这种集体原则。
81	But I also think that we have to	但我也认为我们必须
82	have a thought, which hasn't come up very much tonight, about the natural environment	考虑一下,今晚没有怎么想到自然环境
83	in which we live.	我们生活在其中。
84	We live in a free market society to some extent in Britain, to a great	我们生活在自由市场社会 在某种程度上,在英国,
85	extent in the USA and certainly the domination of the world's multinational companies and	在世界跨国公司和跨国公司的统治下
86	is very, very powerful indeed.	确实非常非常强大。
87	Are they really caring about what happens to the environment?	他们真的在意环境的后果吗?
88	Are they really caring about the level of exploitation of oil and other mineral resources?	他们是否真的关心石油和其他矿物资源的开采程度?
89	Are they really caring about the damage they're doing to the environment?	他们真的关心自己对环境造成的破坏吗?
90	It's only if you	狦
91	live in a society and a set of principles where you take from people what they can afford	生活在一个社会和一套原则中,你从人们那里夺走他们能负担的
92	in order to give that to people who need it.	为了给那些需要的人
93	So in other words, from each according to	换句话说,根据
94	their means to each according to their needs is surely a very sensible, very basic principle	根据每个人的需要,他们的手段无疑是一个非常合理和非常基本的原则。
95	in life.	在生活中。 。 。
96	Since you're getting so excited and so agitated, don't be so abusive.	既然你这么兴奋和激动 别这么虐待我
97	Speak	说话
98	quietly.	安静
99	That principle found its fullest expression in Eastern Europe in the Marxist states which	这一原则在东欧的马克思主义国家得到了最充分的体现。
100	taught that nature was a resource to be exploited and that resulted in the smokestack degradation	* 教导大自然是应加以利用的资源,导致烟囱退化
101	which has not been likened anywhere in the capitalist world.	这在资本主义世界的任何地方都没有被比喻过。
102	The best thing to have happened	最好的事发生了
103	to the environment was the fall of the Berlin Wall so that property rights began to reverse	柏林墙的倒塌使得产权开始逆转
104	the ecological catastrophe that Marxism had created.	马克思主义制造的生态灾难。
105	There is some interesting parts of Marx which you obviously didn't get round to reading	马克思有些有趣的部分 你显然没有去读
106	about Marx and the environment and about the sustainability of life.	关于马克思与环境, 关于生命的可持续性。
107	I have not actually	其实我没有
108	said anything in defence of the exploitation of natural resource in Eastern Europe or anywhere	为了保卫东欧或任何地方的自然资源开发,
109	else.	别的
110	I'm making a point that if we want to survive on this planet, we cannot go on	我想说的是 如果我们想在这个星球上生存下去 我们就无法继续
111	exploiting and polluting at the rate we are.	以我们的速度开采和污染
112	We cannot ruin our environment, destroy an	我们不能破坏我们的环境,摧毁一个
113	ecosystem and expect to survive.	生态系统和期望生存。
114	If you live in a free market society, a free market capital	如果你生活在自由市场社会,自由市场资本
115	society will grab every piece of resource it possibly can and it won't give a damn	社会会抢走一切资源 它可能可以,它不会给一个该死的
116	about the environmental effects of it.	关于它的环境影响。
117	A collective principle where we care for everybody does	我们关心每个人的集体原则
118	give us that opportunity to protect the natural world and the natural environment.	让我们有机会保护自然世界和自然环境。
119	There were	曾经
120	many things wrong with what happened in the Soviet Union and I am not here to defend Stalin	苏联发生的事情有很多问题 而我不是来保卫斯大林的
121	or his strange views.	或者他的奇怪观点。
122	What I would say is this, that if you want to live in a decent	我想说的是 如果你想过上体面的生活
123	world, then is it right that the world's economy is dominated by a group of unaccountable	世界经济由一群不负责任的人主导,这是对的。
124	multinational corporations?	跨国公司?
125	They are the real power in the world today, not the nation state,	他们是当今世界的真正力量 而不是民族国家
126	it's the global corporations.	这是全球性公司。
127	If you want to look at the victims of the ultimate of	如果你想看看 终极的受害者
128	this free market catastrophe that the world is faced with at the moment, go to the shantytowns	世界目前面临的自由市场灾难 去棚户区
129	on the fringes of so many big cities around the world.	在世界众多大城市的边缘
130	Look at those people, migrants	看看这些人,移民
131	dying in the Mediterranean trying to get to Lampedusa.	死在地中海 试图到达兰佩杜萨。
132	Why are they there, why are	为什么他们在那里,为什么
133	they dying, why are they living in such poverty?	为什么他们生活在这样的贫困中?
134	I'll tell you this, it's when the World	我告诉你,这是当世界
135	Bank arrives and tells them to privatise all public services, to sell off state-owned land,	银行到来并告诉他们 私有化所有公共服务, 出售国有土地,
136	to make inequality a paragon of virtue, that is what drives people away into a danger and	使不平等成为美德的典范,这就是驱使人们陷入一种危险,
137	poverty.	贫困。
138	I will conclude with this thought.	我最后要谈这一想法。
139	Think about the world you want to live in.	想想你想生活的世界 想想你想生活的世界
140	Do you want the dog to eat the dog or do you want us all to care for each other, support	你想让狗吃狗 还是希望我们互相照顾 互相支持
141	each other and eliminate poverty and injustice?	彼此并消除贫穷和不公正?
142	A different world is possible.	一个不同的世界是可能的。
143	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 143 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P3 · 提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p03 正方2 (P3)

提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p03 正方2 (P3)

发布于 2026-07-20 · 时长 11:35

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:07	Most of you will probably think that we on-side opposition are the underdogs in this debate.	多数人可能会认为 我们的对立是这场辩论中的弱者。
0:12	Socialism is an outdated and disproven ideology with no place in the globalised economy of the 21st century.	社会主义是一种过时的,被否定的意识形态,在21世纪的全球化经济中没有任何地位.
0:18	Don't get too excited.	别太激动
0:22	This, ladies and gentlemen, is exactly my point this evening.	女士们先生们 今晚正是我要说的
0:26	We in the West, and particularly in Britain, have an arrogant misconception of our recent economic history.	我们西方,尤其是英国,对我们最近的经济史有傲慢的误解.
0:31	We believe that Margaret Thatcher inaugurated a period of rightful consensus and proved socialism to be an unworkable ideology.	我们认为,玛格丽特·撒切尔开创了一个正当共识的时期,并证明社会主义是一种不可行的意识形态.
0:38	We are also arrogant about the role our economic philosophy will play in the future,	我们还对我们的经济哲学今后将发挥的作用感到骄傲,
0:43	and misguided in our belief that China, predicted to become the world's largest economy by 2013,	并错误地认为,中国预计到2013年成为世界最大经济体,
0:48	is on its way to becoming a paragon of capitalist organisation.	即将成为资本主义组织的典范
0:52	These two narratives need to be dismissed, ladies and gentlemen.	这两篇叙事需要撤销,女士们,先生们.

展开字幕全文（127 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Most of you will probably think that we on-side opposition are the underdogs in this debate.	多数人可能会认为 我们的对立是这场辩论中的弱者。
2	Socialism is an outdated and disproven ideology with no place in the globalised economy of the 21st century.	社会主义是一种过时的,被否定的意识形态,在21世纪的全球化经济中没有任何地位.
3	Don't get too excited.	别太激动
4	This, ladies and gentlemen, is exactly my point this evening.	女士们先生们 今晚正是我要说的
5	We in the West, and particularly in Britain, have an arrogant misconception of our recent economic history.	我们西方,尤其是英国,对我们最近的经济史有傲慢的误解.
6	We believe that Margaret Thatcher inaugurated a period of rightful consensus and proved socialism to be an unworkable ideology.	我们认为,玛格丽特·撒切尔开创了一个正当共识的时期,并证明社会主义是一种不可行的意识形态.
7	We are also arrogant about the role our economic philosophy will play in the future,	我们还对我们的经济哲学今后将发挥的作用感到骄傲,
8	and misguided in our belief that China, predicted to become the world's largest economy by 2013,	并错误地认为,中国预计到2013年成为世界最大经济体,
9	is on its way to becoming a paragon of capitalist organisation.	即将成为资本主义组织的典范
10	These two narratives need to be dismissed, ladies and gentlemen.	这两篇叙事需要撤销,女士们,先生们.
11	There is no reason why socialism might not work in Britain,	社会主义在英国是没有理由不起作用的,
12	and there is no reason why it will not be the predominant global ideology in future.	也没有理由说它将来不会成为主要的全球性意识形态。
13	As the first opposition speaker this evening, though, it falls upon me to introduce our honourable guests on-side proposition.	作为今晚第一位反对派发言人,我有责任在侧面介绍我们尊敬的客人。
14	We have just heard from Mr Andrew Rosindell, the Conservative MP for Romford.	我们刚刚从罗姆福的保守党议员安德鲁·罗辛德尔先生那里听到消息。
15	Mr Rosindell caught a controversy in 2012 when he expressed a huge admiration for the Chilean dictator Pinochet.	罗辛德尔先生在2012年引起了争议,当时他对智利独裁者皮诺切特表示极大的钦佩.
16	He has also been referred to as a prospective left-wing hate figure and touted as a potential London mayoral candidate,	他还被称为未来左翼的仇恨人物 被誉为潜在的伦敦市长候选人
17	虽然是博客Guido Fawkes的作品,
18	To continue the case for the opposition is Mr Theodore Dalrymple, the author, journalist and former prison doctor,	继续反对的是提交人、记者和前监狱医生西奥多·达林普尔先生。
19	who has written extensively on how progressive values undermine traditional morals and lead to crime, drug abuse and other social ills.	他广泛阐述了进步价值如何损害传统道德并导致犯罪、吸毒和其他社会弊端。
20	Our third opposition speaker is the MEP Mr Daniel Hannam, the journalist and Member of Parliament for South East England,	我们的第三个反对派发言人是MEP 丹尼尔·汉纳姆先生, 记者兼东南英格兰国会议员,
21	ex-president of Oxford University Conservative Association, now considered one of the most eloquent speakers in the European Parliament.	曾任牛津大学保守协会主席,现被认为是欧洲议会最雄辩的演讲者之一.
22	Finally, we are joined this evening by the Member of Parliament for Wokingham, former Secretary of State for Wales,	最后,今晚,威尔士前国务卿沃金汉的议员加入了我们的行列,
23	and two-time contender for the leadership of the Conservative Party, Mr John Redwood.	和两次竞选保守党领袖的约翰·雷德伍德先生
24	Mr President, these are your guest speakers and they are most welcome.	主席先生,这是你的特邀发言者,他们非常受欢迎。
25	This evening, though, I must also say a few words about a man who needs no introduction.	不过,今晚,我还必须就一个不需要介绍的人说几句话。
26	In his very own words, life membership does not equal life presidency.	用他自己的话来说,终身会员制并不等于终身主席制.
27	And unfortunately, next weekend, our president, Parrot Watchers in St John's College, will be leaving us.	不幸的是,下周,我们的总统, 圣约翰学院的鹦鹉观察者,将离开我们。
28	Parrot, you do not need to be told how great your term has been.	鹦鹉,你不需要被告知 你的任期有多伟大。
29	Countless chamber events, the visit of Hamid Karzai, Seth Blatter, to name but a few.	无数的会议厅事件,哈米德·卡尔扎伊,塞斯·布拉特的来访,仅举几个例子.
30	Even yesterday, we were joined by Katie Hopkins and King Joffrey.	即使是昨天,我们也加入了凯蒂·霍普金斯和乔佛里国王.
31	Parrot, you have been an excellent friend and an excellent president.	鹦鹉,你是一个很好的朋友 和出色的总统。
32	Thank you for everything you have done for all of us.	谢谢你为我们所有人所做的一切。
33	You have provided a very tough act for anyone to follow.	你为任何人提供了一个非常艰难的行为。
34	I will begin this evening by discussing what this debate is not and, secondly, what socialism is.	我将在今晚开始讨论这场辩论不是什么,其次是社会主义是什么。
35	The motion before the House tonight is not, this House believes that socialism is better than capitalism.	本院认为社会主义胜过资本主义。
36	If it was, who knows, I might be on the opposite side.	如果这是,谁知道, 我可能站在相反的一边。
37	In order to win the debate tonight, we on side opposition do not need to prove that socialism is better than any of its alternatives,	为了赢得今晚的辩论,我们站在一边的反对派不需要证明社会主义比其他任何选择都好,
38	but rather that it is simply a workable system.	但是,它只是一个可行的系统。
39	The debate this evening is also not a philosophical one.	今晚的辩论也不是一场哲学辩论。
40	We are not asked whether socialism is a force for good, along the lines of our religion debate earlier this term.	我们没有被问到社会主义是否是一股好的力量,就像我们这个术语早些时候的宗教辩论那样.
41	We are being asked not whether it is desirable, but whether it is workable.	我们被问及的不是它是否可取,而是它是否可行。
42	This is a trap which the opposition have already fallen into.	这是反对派已经陷入的陷阱。
43	We are not talking about the relative merits of socialism per se.	我们不是在谈论社会主义本身的相对优点。
44	We are talking about whether or not it can work.	我们在谈论它能否发挥作用。
45	We heard from side opposition just then that socialism was bad, but we did not actually hear that it did not work.	我们刚才从侧面的反对中听到,社会主义是坏的,但我们实际上没有听到它不起作用.
46	It is worth pointing out also that socialism is fundamentally an economic philosophy.	还值得指出的是,社会主义从根本上讲是一种经济哲学.
47	When we discuss socialism, we are not, obviously, discussing the political systems that have accompanied it,	当我们讨论社会主义时,我们显然没有讨论伴随社会主义的政治制度,
48	but rather the operation of economies where a large or substantial proportion of their output comes from state or communal ownership and programmes.	但经济的运作,其产出的很大一部分或相当一部分来自国家或社区所有权和方案。
49	That is what we mean by socialism, ladies and gentlemen.	这就是我们所说的社会主义,女士们,先生们。
50	Socialism does not require all assets to be controlled by the state,	社会主义并不要求所有资产都由国家控制,
51	in the same way that capitalism can operate alongside government spending and limited state ownership.	资本主义可以与政府开支和有限的国家所有权并驾齐驱。
52	But now, and it makes sense it follows on very nicely from one of the points made by side opposition,	但是,现在,它有道理 它非常好地遵循 从一个要点 边反对,
53	I would like to consider the first piece of capitalist narrative,	我想考虑一下第一篇资本主义的叙事
54	the narrative that in Britain socialism failed and capitalism saved.	在英国社会主义失败和资本主义拯救的叙事。
55	When Peter Mandelson famously said,	当彼得·曼德尔森 著名的说,
56	Now, he was correctly highlighting the Thatcherite consensus that Britain under socialism was a failure	现在,他正确地强调了撒切尔派的共识,即英国在社会主义下的失败.
57	and a good dose of capitalism needed to get us back on our feet.	需要大量的资本主义 才能让我们重新站起来
58	Much of the reason why people believe socialism does not work is because of this narrative of capitalism being comparatively better.	人们之所以认为社会主义不起作用,很大程度上是因为这种资本主义的叙述比较好.
59	As a socialist or somewhat socialist nation, Britain, let us say from 1945 to 1979, had two major recessions.	作为一个社会主义或某种程度的社会主义国家,从1945年到1979年,英国经历了两次重大的衰退.
60	One at the beginning of the 1970s and another towards the end.	一个在1970年代初,另一个在接近尾声.
61	Now, at the end of 2013, we are roughly 68 months on from the beginning of the recession in 2008.	到2013年底,从2008年经济衰退开始以来,我们大约已过了68个月。
62	68 months on from the socialist recession of 1973, British GDP was 6.7% higher than it had been at its peak pre-recession.	距1973年社会主义衰退68个月后,英国的GDP比在衰退前达到高峰时高出6.7%.
63	68 months on from the 1979 recession, GDP was up 5.82%.	1979年经济衰退后68个月,国内生产总值上升了5.82%。
64	The figures for other British recessions in the 20th century such as the recession of the early 20s,	20世纪其他英国衰退的数字,如20年代初期的衰退,
65	the Great Depression and the recession of the early 90s are 6.93%, 7.24% and 13.82% respectively.	大萧条和90年代初的衰退分别是6.93%、7.24%和13.82%。
66	As of October 2013, 68 months on from the start of our recession in 2008,	截至2013年10月,自2008年我国经济衰退开始以来的68个月,
67	where do you think we are compared to our pre-recession peak?	你觉得我们比不上 衰退前的高峰吗?
68	Ladies and gentlemen, we are at minus 2.51%.	女士们,先生们,我们是负2.51%。
69	That is a whole 8% worse than any other recession we have seen in the 20th century.	这比我们在20世纪所看到的 任何其他衰退都糟糕8%。
70	Socialism in Britain was admittedly not perfect, but it was workable.	英国的社会主义确实并不完美,但是它是可行的.
71	Although the period of socialism saw high inflation towards the end at least and a number of economic problems,	虽然在社会主义时期,至少末期出现了高通胀和一些经济问题,
72	it also brought an extraordinary increase in living standards and a decent record of growth for a considerable part of its period.	在相当大一段时间里,它也带来了生活水平的显著提高和体面的增长记录。
73	As we have seen, recessions happen all the time.	正如我们所看到的那样,衰退经常发生。
74	The point of my argument is not to say that socialism would work better in Britain than capitalism necessarily.	我的论点不是要说社会主义在英国比资本主义必然要好.
75	It is to say that economies undergo stresses and strain.	可以说,经济承受着压力和压力。
76	And as we have seen recently, capitalism has the same problems as socialism.	而正如我们最近所看到的那样,资本主义与社会主义也有同样的问题.
77	And to use that argument against socialism to say it does not work is fallacious.	而用这种反对社会主义的论点来说它不起作用是谬误的.
78	And that actually suggests that capitalism also does not work.	这实际上表明资本主义也行不通。
79	If side proposition want to admit that capitalism also doesn't work, maybe we should all just go home.	如果侧面的提议想承认资本主义也行不通,也许我们都应该回家去.
80	Another point, side capitalism even, say socialism does not work.	还有一点,边资本主义甚至说社会主义行不通。
81	I should probably remind side proposition of the year 2008, when it was socialism, bear in mind, nationalisation,	我也许应该提醒一下2008年的侧面提议 当它是社会主义, 记住,国有化,
82	which came in to completely save the British economy.	来拯救英国的经济
83	Look at Iceland for example, where all of its banks went completely bankrupt because they didn't have the money to nationalise them.	例如,冰岛的所有银行都破产了 因为他们没有钱把银行国有化
84	You cannot begin to imagine where we would be today if we... yes, go on.	你不能开始想象 如果我们... 是的 继续
85	Iceland has grown about 12% since then.	冰岛自此增长约12%.
86	No, no, no, that's not true.	不,不,不,这不是真的。
87	Maybe a little bit of capitalism rather than bailing out the poor in order to rescue some wealthy bankers and bonders.	也许有点资本主义 而不是拯救穷人 为了拯救一些富有的银行家和债券家
88	That's an incredibly clever use of statistics there.	这是一个令人难以置信的聪明 使用在那里的统计数据。
89	Yes, Iceland has probably recently grown 12%.	是的,冰岛最近可能增长12%。
90	That's because its economy collapsed and went to 50% roughly of its original value in the wake of the recession.	因为它的经济崩溃了, 在衰退之后, 达到了50%的原始价值。
91	Thank you for that intervention.	谢谢你的介入
92	It's not hard to grow from an incredibly low base.	从一个非常低的基底生长起来并不难.
93	Ladies and gentlemen, there is another point.	女士们先生们 还有一点
94	I've said today, or I've said already this evening, how socialism has worked in Britain.	我今天已经说过,或者我已经说过今晚,社会主义在英国是如何运作的.
95	And I'm not saying that there are certain circumstances where capitalism has not worked better, I think there are.	我不是说,有些情况下 资本主义没有更好地运作, 我认为有。
96	But I'd also like to point out that today, and it's not not often recognised, socialism is working very, very well in one certain country.	但我也要指出的是,今天,社会主义在某个特定国家非常,非常有效,而且并不经常得到承认.
97	Ladies and gentlemen, the world's second largest economy, as I'm sure you all know, is China.	女士们,先生们,世界第二大经济,我相信你们都知道,就是中国.
98	It is also one of the world's fastest growing economies.	它也是世界上增长最快的经济体之一。
99	Yes, it is of course true that China in recent years has moved towards the Western economic model.	当然,中国近年来确实向西方经济模式发展.
100	However, in China, state-owned companies still produce over 50% of output, employing over half of workers.	然而,在中国,国有公司仍然生产50%以上的产出,雇用了一半以上的工人。
101	65 companies in the Fortune 500 company list are Chinese state-owned, not Chinese companies, Chinese state-owned companies.	"财富500强公司"名单上的65家公司是中国国有公司,不是中国公司,中国国有公司.
102	That's 13%.	这是13%。
103	And in 2011, 43% of profit in the People's Republic of China came from companies either wholly or largely controlled by the state.	而2011年,中华人民共和国43%的利润来自完全或基本由国家控制的公司.
104	The point I'm trying to make is that we are incredibly arrogant that capitalism is accepted as the best method of running our economy.	我想说的是,我们非常傲慢, 资本主义被接受为管理我们经济的最佳方法。
105	And we do believe a lot of people, you know, everyone in the West or the neoliberals assume that China is sort of coming towards us.	我们确实相信很多人,你知道, 西方或新自由主义者都认为中国正在走向我们。
106	They're accepting our ideologies.	他们接受我们的意识形态
107	Ladies and gentlemen, they are not.	女士们,先生们,他们不是。
108	China is not a free market economy, it is a socialist market economy.	中国不是自由市场经济,而是社会主义市场经济.
109	And they are doing much, much better than us free market economies here in the West.	他们做的比我们西方的自由市场经济要好得多。
110	Sorry, was that a point?	对不起,这有道理吗?
111	Point of information, could you compare the income level in China with the income level in the United Kingdom?	资讯点,您能否比较中国的收入水平与英国的收入水平?
112	I think you'd find an awful lot poorer.	我想你会发现更穷。
113	Of course they are, of course they are.	当然了,当然了
114	But it's to do with how...	但这和...
115	The reason why, the reason why China is currently, not historically, performing much better than us is because there are.	原因,中国目前,在历史上没有表现比我们好很多的原因,是因为有.
116	There are a lot of benefits of combining a socialist and a capitalist system and keeping, dare I say, a slight socialist bent in that system as China does.	我敢说,把社会主义制度和资本主义制度结合起来,并且象中国那样,使这个制度保持一个轻微的社会主义倾向,有许多好处。
117	Things like economies of scale, they exploit massively to us.	规模经济之类的东西 对我们来说是巨大的利用
118	And also, I mean, the greatest argument for socialism and for China's current economic model is the fact that they invest a considerably higher proportion of their gross domestic product than we do.	还有,我是指,社会主义和中国目前经济模式的最大论点,就是他们投入的国内生产总值的比例比我们高得多.
119	Indeed, they invest over 35% of their gross domestic product, higher than Britain or America ever did while they were industrializing, which sets them up in a much better position for the future.	事实上,它们的投资占其国内生产总值的35%以上,比英国或美国在工业化期间的投资额高得多,这就为它们的未来创造了更好的条件。
120	Who knows, in 100 years, who knows where China will be.	谁知百年后,谁知中国将何在.
121	I dare say they'll probably be in a better position than us.	我敢说,他们可能 处于比我们更好的位置。
122	Finally, ladies and gentlemen, I hope tonight, when you walk out the doors, you make an informed decision.	最后,女士们,先生们,我希望今晚, 当你走出大门, 你做出一个知情的决定。
123	You do not make a decision based on the narrative provided by side proposition here.	你并不是根据附带提议中的陈述作出决定的。
124	Socialism has been successful here in Britain, it is now successful in riding nations such as China, and I dare say it will be successful in future.	社会主义在不列颠这里取得了成功,现在在象中国这样的国家骑马是成功的,我敢说它将来是成功的.
125	Mr President Parrott, congratulations on the best terms of side view in Oxford.	Parrott总统先生,祝贺牛津最佳的旁观。
126	We will miss you and we wish you all the best of the future.	我们将想念你,并祝愿你今后一切顺利。
127	I beg to propose.	我恳求求婚。

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P4 · 提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p04 反方2 (P4)

提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p04 反方2 (P4)

发布于 2026-07-20 · 时长 11:14

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:07	Mr President, socialism does not work, and if you wish to see the evidence for this self-evident	总统先生,社会主义是行不通的, 如果你想看到这个不言而喻的证据
0:15	proposition, look around you.	提议,看看你周围。
0:18	We've had more than a hundred years of an active political	我们经历了一百多年的活跃政治
0:21	socialist movement in Britain, and yet I see here, raised on a dais, three young men dressed	英国的社会主义运动,而我却看到, 在一个菊花上长大, 三个年轻人穿戴
0:30	in aristocratic dress of some years ago, elevated above us all the very image of privilege.	穿着几年前的贵族礼服, 超越我们所有特权的形象。
0:40	They look as if they are, socialism still hasn't swept them away, and I want to know	他们看起来就像他们, 社会主义仍然没有 扫荡他们, 我想知道
0:55	why not, because they look as if they're about to go off and pose for one of the famous Bullingdon	为什么不呢? 因为他们看起来好像要出场了 给一个著名的布灵登
1:02	Club photographs, and they probably reckon that might come in handy in 20 years' time	俱乐部的照片,他们可能认为 20年后可能有用
1:08	if they're making a certain job application.	如果他们在申请工作的话
1:12	I remember 20 years ago when I was making	我记得20年前我做

展开字幕全文（141 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Mr President, socialism does not work, and if you wish to see the evidence for this self-evident	总统先生,社会主义是行不通的, 如果你想看到这个不言而喻的证据
2	proposition, look around you.	提议,看看你周围。
3	We've had more than a hundred years of an active political	我们经历了一百多年的活跃政治
4	socialist movement in Britain, and yet I see here, raised on a dais, three young men dressed	英国的社会主义运动,而我却看到, 在一个菊花上长大, 三个年轻人穿戴
5	in aristocratic dress of some years ago, elevated above us all the very image of privilege.	穿着几年前的贵族礼服, 超越我们所有特权的形象。
6	They look as if they are, socialism still hasn't swept them away, and I want to know	他们看起来就像他们, 社会主义仍然没有 扫荡他们, 我想知道
7	why not, because they look as if they're about to go off and pose for one of the famous Bullingdon	为什么不呢? 因为他们看起来好像要出场了 给一个著名的布灵登
8	Club photographs, and they probably reckon that might come in handy in 20 years' time	俱乐部的照片,他们可能认为 20年后可能有用
9	if they're making a certain job application.	如果他们在申请工作的话
10	I remember 20 years ago when I was making	我记得20年前我做
11	a certain job application, the fact that I couldn't afford the white tie and tails	我买不起白领带和尾巴
12	and couldn't afford the membership of the Bullingdon Club was obviously the main reason,	也负担不起布林顿俱乐部的会员资格 显然是主要原因
13	ladies and gentlemen, why I didn't quite make it to that ultimate requirement of the	女士们,先生们,为什么我没有完全达到 最终的要求,因为
14	trade to be Prime Minister.	作为总理
15	But these three gentlemen are obviously getting ready.	但是这三位先生显然已经准备好了
16	Privilege	特权
17	is alive and well.	生还而健康。
18	Socialism has failed.	社会主义失败了.
19	What wonderfully tame revolutionaries we have with	多么奇妙的驯服革命者
20	us today.	我们今天。
21	You very kindly invited three socialists and communists into your midst.	你邀请了三个社会主义者和共产主义者进入你中间
22	You sent them	你派他们来的
23	very clear instructions, as they did me, to come dressed as a sort of middle-class diner	非常明确的指示,就像他们对我一样, 穿成中产阶级的餐馆来
24	of the 1950s, so that we knew our place beneath the president in his aristocratic white tie	20世纪50年代,我们知道 我们的地位 总统在他的贵族白领带
25	and tails, and you found such stalwart revolutionaries that at least the two males didn't comply	和尾巴,你发现 如此顽强的革命者 至少两个雄性没有遵守
26	with the dress code and have made their very strong protest.	并提出了非常强烈的抗议。
27	And that, ladies and gentlemen,	女士们先生们,
28	is why socialism doesn't work, because when you invite a socialist to an elite institution	因为当你邀请社会主义者进入精英机构
29	and offer them a good dinner, they turn up and they eat it, or they're late for the dinner	并给他们一个好的晚餐, 他们出现和他们吃, 或他们晚饭
30	but they wish they'd turned up and eaten it, and although they don't obey the dress code,	但他们希望自己出现 并吃了它, 虽然他们不服从着装规范,
31	they play by your rules and they go along with the way it all works.	他们按照你的规矩行事 他们都照着工作方式办事
32	Now, they're not	现在,他们不是
33	stupid to do that, because they have a much better life playing along with the rules,	因为他们有更好的生活 遵守规则,
34	going along with the TOFs and the establishment, than if they were really serious about their	与TOF 和企业, 比如果他们真的认真 他们
35	a continuous revolution.	一场持续的革命。
36	If you want to know the difference between socialism and freedom,	如果你想知道社会主义和自由的区别
37	I think one very good way of looking at it, for those of you who are privileged enough	我认为一个很好的方法来看待它, 对于你们这些有特权的人来说
38	to have cars, I'm sure some of you have got rich parents and have managed to be given	我敢肯定,你们中有些人 有富有的父母 并设法得到
39	a car, others of you will get very well paid jobs and then you'll have the joy of owning	汽车,其他人会得到非常高薪的工作 然后,你会有快乐的拥有
40	your own car, one of the great items of freedom in the modern capitalist world.	你自己的车,现代资本主义世界 自由的伟大物品之一。
41	They didn't	他们没有
42	tend to have cars for people in the communist systems, apart from the people at the top	共产主义制度下的人往往有车 除了高层的人
43	who stole most of the money, but I think one of the ways of drawing the distinction	他偷了大部分钱 但我认为其中一种方法 来区分
44	between socialism and freedom is the difference between traffic lights and the roundabout.	社会主义与自由是交通灯与环路的区别.
45	How socialist are traffic lights?	交通灯怎么社会主义?
46	They are the very embodiment of what we've been hearing	他们正是我们所听到的
47	about, they are organised by the government elite, they are top down, they're very expensive,	大约,他们是由政府精英组织起来的, 他们上下,他们非常昂贵,
48	they often don't work very well, they proceed by clear mandates and instructions, you would	他们经常工作不顺利, 他们遵循明确的任务和指示,你会
49	be arrested and fined if you disagreed with them.	如果你不同意,将被拘捕并罚款。
50	Nobody supervises them properly, very	没人能好好监督他们,非常
51	often they're wrongly phased so you can sit in a very long traffic jam on the busy road	他们经常是错的分期的 这样你就可以坐在 繁忙的路上堵车了
52	facing the red light and the green light is obligingly letting no traffic through on the	面对着红灯 绿灯让交通无法通过
53	empty road adjacent to you.	与你相邻的空路
54	In London they come up with an even better socialist vision	在伦敦,他们提出一个更好的社会主义愿景
55	of traffic lights because we now in central London have some traffic lights with all red	我们在伦敦市中心 有一些红色的交通灯
56	phases on all the roads, absolutely perfect, so you can then frustrate everybody and create	所有道路上的阶段,绝对完美, 这样你就可以挫败每个人,创造
57	a massive traffic jam in the hope that there is that one random pedestrian who wants to	巨大的交通堵塞 希望有一个随机行人 谁想
58	cross both roads at the same time.	同时横跨两条道路.
59	I have sat in many of these traffic jams, I've never	我坐过很多的交通堵塞,我从来没有
60	yet seen the person they're designed to help who wants to cross both roads at the same	却看见了他们设计的人 帮助谁想穿过两条路
61	time, but I live in hope that he or she is out there, because I know it's very kind of	时间,但我活在希望 他或她在那里, 因为我知道这是非常类型
62	socialist thinking officials to have them in mind and to decide to disrupt the other	社会主义思想官员要记住他们,决定打乱他们
63	3,000 of us who want to use the traffic light junctions in this way.	3000人想以此方式使用交通灯口.
64	Whereas the roundabout,	而环路,
65	you know what a great idea, freedom loving, capitalists they would call it, I expect they're	你知道什么是伟大的想法, 自由爱人,资本家 他们会称之为,我期望他们是
66	trying to take the roundabouts out in their constituencies when they get back on Monday	周一他们回来的时候 试图在他们的选区里 带环路出去
67	morning to the House of Commons, because they're, well I think the others are following it	早上去下议院,因为他们是, 嗯,我想其他人在跟着它
68	very well, I'm sorry you're finding this a stressful experience, but as a frustrated	好吧,我很抱歉你发现这 压力很大,但作为一个挫折
69	revolutionary I can understand, and I must say there are still some few roundabouts left	革命者我可以理解,我必须说 仍然有一些环路
70	out there so you've got a bit more work to do, even on trying to get socialism to	在那里,所以你有 做一些工作, 即使试图使社会主义
71	abolish the roundabouts, because the roundabout is the very embodiment of freedom.	废除环路,因为环路是自由的体现。
72	You're	琌
73	allowed to choose your own speed of deceleration and acceleration, you're allowed to make	允许自己选择减速和加速度,允许自己制造
74	your own decision about whether it is safe to cross the roundabout or not, and far from	你自己决定 穿越环路是否安全
75	being individualistic it is a very collective experience, because you've got to guess and	个人主义是一种非常集体的经验, 因为你必须猜到,
76	sympathise with what the other people are going to do in approaching the roundabout	同情其他人在接近环路时会做什么
77	otherwise you might hit them.	否则你可能会打他们。
78	And I have fortunately never seen anybody hit someone else on a roundabout	幸好我从未见过有人在环路撞别人
79	because we are very social beings and when we're allowed to exercise our independent	因为我们是非常社会化的人, 当我们被允许行使我们的独立
80	judgement it works extremely well.	判断效果非常好
81	That is freedom, I give way.	这是自由,我让路。
82	Because America has a	因为美国有
83	many other fine aspects of freedom which does work, and I agree with you that I think it's	我同意你的看法 我认为这是
84	a great pity that the land of the free hasn't quite got it on roundabouts because they are	很可惜,自由人的土地 还没有完全得到它 在环路,因为他们是
85	the very embodiment of freedom.	自由的体现
86	They also have rather too many lawyers, many of you	他们也有很多律师,你们很多人
87	have probably become very expensive lawyers, but that can be damaging, I give way.	可能成为非常昂贵的律师, 但是,这可能会破坏,我让路。
88	There's	还有
89	somebody over here.	有人在这里。
90	Well, welcome to the real world, that is great.	嗯,欢迎来到现实世界,这是伟大的。
91	That is very reassuring, you've dominated	这很让人放心,你主宰了
92	the debate so far, I'd just like a couple of minutes if you don't mind, we've had many	辩论到现在为止,我只要几分钟 如果你不介意的话,我们有很多
93	minutes to review.	几分钟后审查
94	So, when I was a minister, one of the very interesting duties I was given	所以,当我是一位部长, 一个非常有趣的职责,我得到了
95	was on the death of Ceaușescu, the communist tyrant in Romania, I was the first British	在罗马尼亚的共产主义暴君Ceaușescu去世时 我是第一个英国人
96	communist minister to go and visit, and I was asked to give a talk to the leading university	共产主义部长去拜访, 我被要求给一个谈话 到领先的大学
97	and it was a very big hall like this with more galleries, and when I eventually broke	它是一个非常大的大厅 像这样,还有更多的画廊, 当我最终打破
98	through from my communist guards in order to address this gathering, because although	从我的共产主义卫兵那里走过来 来向这个聚会讲话 因为虽然
99	Ceaușescu had gone there was still an interim communist government in place, I was introduced	Ceaușescu去了那里 还有一个临时的共产主义政府 我被介绍
100	by the communist minister who said very clearly in Romanian, and they did translate it for	由共产主义部长用罗马尼亚语说得非常清楚, 他们翻译它是为了
101	me, that I would not be answering questions, there was an intake of breath and menacing	我,我不会回答问题, 有一股呼吸 和恶意
102	noises coming from the audience, so I overrode my host, unusual, but he was a communist and	观众的声音,所以我推翻了我的主持人,不寻常, 但他是一个共产主义者和
103	he was about to leave office, and I said no, no, the minister has misunderstood, I will	他正要离职 我说不 不 部长误会了 我会的
104	be taking questions, thunderous applause broke out from half the audience, they were the	一半的观众发出雷鸣的掌声
105	ones who understood English, there was then a pause and there was a remaining translation,	那些懂英语的人, 被暂停了下来,还有剩下的翻译,
106	thunderous applause broke out from the other half, and in the question and answer session,	另一半的掌声响起 在问答中
107	they were far more responsive than all of you, but we cannot have everything in Oxford	他们比你们都反应更迅速 但我们不能在牛津拥有一切
108	I suppose, a prophet is never respected in his own country, the questions were really,	我想,一个先知 在自己的国家从来没有受到尊重, 问题真的是,
109	really terribly sad, I remember one of them saying, do you have army guards or police	真的很伤心,我记得他们之一说, 你有军队警卫或警察
110	in your factories to make sure that people work, and I said no, no, under our system	在你的工厂里 确保人们的工作, 而我说不,不,在我们的制度下
111	people willingly go to the factory and they do it because they're going to be paid,	人们愿意去工厂 他们这样做,因为他们会得到报酬,
112	and they couldn't understand this, and I said well you know they can earn more money	他们听不懂,我说你知道他们能赚更多钱
113	if they turn up and do a reasonable job, and then I realised the reason they couldn't	如果他们出现并做一个合理的工作, 然后我意识到原因 他们不能
114	understand how just paying people money would be an incentive, was that they had practically	理解付钱是怎样的 是一种激励, 他们实际上有
115	nothing in their shops that money could buy, they couldn't see the point of it, and I	商店里没有钱能买到的东西 他们看不出来
116	realised this, because an old friend of mine in this university, now unfortunately deceased,	意识到这一点, 因为我的老朋友 在这所大学, 现在不幸去世,
117	used to be part of the Workers' Educational Movement, and he used to be one of the hosts	曾经是工人教育运动的一部分 他曾经是主持人之一
118	who would take visiting Soviets round London, the few who were privileged enough to get	带着苏联人环绕伦敦 少数有特权的人
119	a pass and were approved to withstand the pressures of western capitalism, and so he	被批准接受西方资本主义的压力
120	used to take them first of all to Marks and Spencer's on Baker Street, and they were	曾经把他们先带到马克斯和斯宾塞在贝克街,他们当时
121	completely gobsmacked by the range and quality and the price of all the produce in this place,	完全被这里所有产品的 范围、质量和价格所迷惑
122	good value and wonderful, and they would say to him is this the store that the senior party	好价值好,好极了,他们会告诉他 这是商店,高级党
123	members or the government ministers are privileged to use, and he said no, no, no, this is the	议员或政府部长有权使用, 他说不,不,不,这是
124	store for everyone, this is where your proletarians in British terms come to shop, if you want	这是你们英国无产阶级来买东西的地方 如果你想的话
125	to see the smart people shop I'll take you there, I'll take you to Harrods, and he would	我带你去哈罗德斯
126	then take them to Harrods, they were even more gobsmacked, just unbelievable, and the	然后把他们带到哈罗德, 他们甚至更令人发指, 只是不可思议,
127	thing that most peeved them was when he said and by the way nobody is banned or barred	当他说 和方式 没有人被禁止或禁止
128	from Harrods, you don't have to belong to the right party, you don't have to know the	从哈罗德斯,你不必属于 正确的党,你不必知道
129	government minister, you don't have to know the mayor, anybody can go in if they've got	政府部长,你不需要知道市长, 任何人都可以进去 如果他们有
130	a bit of money to spend, they don't even need to have a lot of money, they can just go and	要花一点钱 他们甚至不需要很多钱 他们可以去
131	buy something at the lower end of the price range or they can just go and look.	买些价位较低的东西 或者他们可以去看一下
132	That is	这是
133	the difference ladies and gentlemen between communism, socialism on the one hand and a	女士们,先生们, 共产主义,社会主义和社会主义之间的区别
134	on the other.	在另一个。
135	A free society delivers plenty, it delivers choice, it delivers opportunity,	一个自由的社会能带来很多东西, 它能带来选择, 能带来机会,
136	it means you can go from having nothing to having a lot, it means you can achieve something,	意思是你可以从一无所有到一无所有 意味着你可以实现一些东西
137	it means you can give something back, it means that charities can flourish, it means you	意思是你可以把东西还回去 意思是慈善机构可以兴旺
138	are allowed to make choices, it means that you use the roundabout with skill instead	允许你做出选择, 这意味着你使用环形路 用技巧代替
139	of sitting at the red traffic lights in a frustrating queue knowing that somebody far	坐在红色的交通灯下 排着令人沮丧的队列 知道有人远道而来
140	more powerful than you has yet again made a big mistake and has got the wrong phasing	比你更强大 又一次犯了一个大错误 并得到了错误的阶段
141	on the lights.	灯光。

该视频共有字幕 141 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P6 · 提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p06 反方3 (P6)

提升英文思辨！牛津大学社会主义辩论高清完整版｜双语字幕精听素材 p06 反方3 (P6)

发布于 2026-07-20 · 时长 13:19

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:08	Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, who said this?	总统先生 女士们先生们 谁说的?
0:11	I am a socialist, and a very different	我是一个社会主义者, 一个非常不同的
0:13	kind of socialist from your rich friend Count Ravenclaw.	那种社会主义 从你的富友雷文克劳伯爵。
0:18	It was 1930, and the Speaker was	当时是1930年,议长是
0:21	a rising German politician called Adolf Hitler.	一个正在崛起的德国政治家,名叫阿道夫·希特勒.
0:24	In 1930, the contention that fascism had emerged	1930年,法西斯主义出现的论点
0:28	out of socialism was accepted across the board.	脱离社会主义被广泛接受.
0:31	It was an observed historical fact.	这是一种可观察的历史事实。
0:33	Fascists	法西斯主义者
0:34	marched under red banners on May Day.	5月日以红旗游行.

展开字幕全文（211 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, who said this?	总统先生 女士们先生们 谁说的?
2	I am a socialist, and a very different	我是一个社会主义者, 一个非常不同的
3	kind of socialist from your rich friend Count Ravenclaw.	那种社会主义 从你的富友雷文克劳伯爵。
4	It was 1930, and the Speaker was	当时是1930年,议长是
5	a rising German politician called Adolf Hitler.	一个正在崛起的德国政治家,名叫阿道夫·希特勒.
6	In 1930, the contention that fascism had emerged	1930年,法西斯主义出现的论点
7	out of socialism was accepted across the board.	脱离社会主义被广泛接受.
8	It was an observed historical fact.	这是一种可观察的历史事实。
9	Fascists	法西斯主义者
10	marched under red banners on May Day.	5月日以红旗游行.
11	Their leaders believed in high tariffs, in workers'	他们的领袖们相信高关税 相信工人
12	control of factories in a moment, in common production of distribution and exchange, as	暂时控制工厂,共同生产销售和交换,
13	we just heard.	我们刚刚听说了
14	Go on.	继续
15	Does the Speaker agree that the first inmates of the concentration camps in Nazi Germany	议长是否同意纳粹德国集中营的第一批囚犯
16	were communists and socialists?	共产主义者和社会主义者?
17	And there was a reason why, and c'est la patience as we say where I work, it is absolutely	并有一个原因, 和C'est la耐心 当我们说在哪里我的工作,
18	true that socialists of the national and Leninist varieties were bitterly opposed.	真正的是,民族和列宁主义的社会主义者遭到强烈的反对。
19	They were	他们是
20	fishing in the same pool.	在同一游泳池捕鱼。
21	They were competing for the same kind of voter.	他们正在争夺同样的选民。
22	The one kind of	只有一个
23	person that neither brand of socialists had any time for was the classical liberal, what	无论是社会主义者还是社会主义者 都没有任何时间 古典自由主义者
24	called the decadent Anglo-Saxon bourgeois capitalist.	被称为衰落的盎格鲁-撒克逊资产阶级资本家.
25	Why?	为什么?
26	Because theirs was an ideology	因为他们的意识形态
27	that elevated coercion over freedom.	威胁着自由
28	Now why do I begin with this Godwin's Law high-stake opening?	为什么我要从戈德温的律法大开口?
29	Two reasons.	二因缘.
30	First of	第一个
31	all, as a corrective, as a corrective to the self-righteousness that we've already started	都是为了纠正我们已经开始的自以为是的行为
32	hearing where people who claim to be socialists then start claiming credit for everything	在那里,那些自称是社会主义者的人 开始要求信贷的一切
33	from the extension of the franchise to the extension of universal education.	从扩大选举权到普及教育。
34	But my	不过,我的
35	real point is this one.	关键是这个
36	Socialism rests on compulsion.	社会主义建立在强迫之上。
37	Its defining ethic is not equality	其定义的伦理不是平等
38	but coercion.	但强迫。
39	Socialism and capitalism are matrices.	社会主义和资本主义是矩阵.
40	They are economic systems within	它们是经济系统
41	which people can be generous or greedy.	人们可以慷慨或贪婪。
42	They can be selfish or altruistic.	他们可以自私或利他主义。
43	Human nature	人类的本性
44	comes whether from our genes or from our maker.	无论是基因还是制造者
45	It isn't something that's created	这不是创造的东西
46	by an economic system.	被一个经济系统。
47	But what's unique about socialism is the readiness of the state	但社会主义的独特之处在于国家准备就绪
48	to deploy coercive force.	部署强制部队。
49	Now we've evolved a great vocabulary to describe this.	现在我们发展了一个很好的词汇来描述这一点.
50	We talk	我们谈谈
51	about things like asking people to pay a bit more tax.	问别人多交点税
52	Right.	对
53	See what happens if they	看他们会怎样
54	choose not to.	选择不要。
55	Behind all that polite sounding asking them to pay their share to contribute	在那些礼貌的声调背后 要求他们支付自己的份额
56	is the threat of prison.	是监狱的威胁。
57	Now of course there are some occasions where any society will	现在当然有些时候任何社会都会
58	need to rely on coercive force, on incarceration.	需要依靠强制力和监禁。
59	There are some taxes that are necessary in	有一些税收是必需的
60	any system.	任何系统。
61	We all accept that.	我们都接受这一点。
62	But the use of coercive and ultimately lethal force by	但使用强制和最终致命武力
63	the state is its most awesome and awful power.	国家是它最可怕和可怕的力量。
64	We should tilt the balance as far as we can	我们应该尽可能地倾斜平衡
65	to liberty before using it.	在使用它之前自由。
66	That power should be used as the prayer book says of marriage	这种力量应该用在祈祷书上说结婚
67	reverently, discreetly, advisedly, soberly.	恭敬、谨慎、忠告、清醒
68	The idea that as we just heard from Katie	我们刚刚从凯蒂那里听到的想法
69	that those of us on this side are in favour of dog-eat-dog.	我们这边的人赞成吃狗狗
70	If by dog-eat-dog you mean	如果说狗吃狗的意思
71	the desire for material improvement, that is a fundamental in human nature under all	物质改善的愿望,这是人性的根本
72	systems.	系统。
73	You had it under the communist regimes.	你在共产主义政权下拥有的
74	You had it under feudal regimes.	你在封建制度下拥有的
75	But what	但怎样
76	is unique about capitalism is that it harnessed that ambition to a socially useful end.	资本主义的独特之处在于 它利用了这个野心 达到对社会有益的目的
77	Under	低于
78	every other system devised by human intelligence, a group of people sat on top and the way to	人类智能设计的其他系统, 一群人坐在顶端 和通往
79	which was to suck up to those in power, whether they were kings or bishops or commissars.	和那些当权者一样, 无论是国王、主教或警察。
80	We uniquely in this country, and we then exported it, came up with a system where you satisfied	我们在这个国家独一无二,然后输出它, 想到一个系统,你满足了
81	your ambition by serving the rest of your fellow citizens under the law.	依法为其他公民服务
82	We channeled	我们通过频道
83	that desire for self-improvement in a socially productive way.	渴望以社会生产的方式自我改善。
84	And that's why socialist	这就是为什么社会主义
85	countries are not just less wealthy than capitalist ones, but less free.	各国不仅比资本主义国家富裕,而且不自由。
86	That's the categorical	这就是绝对的
87	difference between East Germany and West Germany, between North Korea and South Korea.	东德与西德之差,朝鲜与韩国之差.
88	It's	这是
89	not just that socialism doesn't work in the sense that it fails to provide material	不仅社会主义不起作用 因为它不能提供物质
90	advance.	预付。
91	It doesn't work in that it takes away human dignity and civil rights, above	它不起作用,因为它剥夺了人的尊严和公民权利,以上
92	all our freedom to make choices as autonomous individuals.	我们作为自主个体作出选择的所有自由。
93	How is it freedom, your daily bread, to not be able to go to a reasonable school, to not	你每天的面包 无法去一个合理的学校 如何自由
94	have any opportunities to develop yourself as a young person, or even as an adult, amongst	拥有任何机会发展自己 作为一个年轻人,甚至作为一个成年人,在
95	the world, that's who has not been given freedom?	世界,谁没有获得自由?
96	It's an interesting thing.	这很有趣
97	Karl Marx, who of course invented the thing, let's not gloss	卡尔・马克思,谁当然发明了这个东西, 让我们不要光荣
98	over that fact, thought that as time went by it would become more liberal, that he could	认为随着时间的流逝 他将会更加自由
99	take the constraints off, that people wouldn't need to be told what to do.	解除限制, 即人们不需要被告知该怎么做。
100	And like every	像每一个
101	other prediction that Karl Marx made, that was the opposite of the truth.	卡尔马克思所作的其他预测 与事实相反
102	He was extraordinary.	他很特别
103	Marxists uniquely claim that theirs is a scientific rather than a political doctrine.	马克思主义者独具一格地声称他们的是科学而非政治学说.
104	They claim	他们声称
105	that their truths are empirical, they're not just opinions.	他们的真理是经验性的, 他们不仅仅是意见。
106	And yet every single forecast	但每个预测
107	that Marx made, that there would be more and more unemployment under capitalism, that there	马克思所做的, 资本主义下失业率会越来越多,
108	would be a smaller group of oligarchs and a larger group of proletarians, every single	这将是一个较小的寡头集团 和更大的无产阶级集团,每一个
109	one of them turned out to be the opposite of the truth.	其中之一与事实相反。
110	I want to tackle one other thing.	我想处理一件事
111	Yes, of course I have.	是的,当然有。
112	I had the pleasure, like a	我很高兴,就像
113	number of people here, of studying at an old university where we were obliged to read these	在一所老大学学习,我们不得不读这些
114	things if we did a history degree.	如果我们做一个历史学位。
115	This is going to have to be my last one.	这是我最后一次了
116	There seems to be a lot of confusion on the side of the proposition about what actual	关于什么是实际的,似乎有很多混淆
117	systems we're talking about.	我们在谈论的系统。
118	First of all, we're talking about social democracy in Britain	首先,我们在谈论英国的社会民主
119	in the 50s and 60s and 70s, which I lived through and was the best time of my life,	在50年代,60年代,70年代, 我活了下来,这是我一生中最好的时光,
120	a wonderful time.	美好的时光
121	I'm not sure this is a point of information.	我不确定这是个信息点
122	Anyway, one point of wonderful analysis.	无论如何,有一点 精彩的分析。
123	Now, we're not talking about that, we've	现在,我们不是在谈论这个,我们
124	been... No, we're using, thank you, we're using...	已经... 不,我们在用,谢谢,我们在用...
125	How you're suggesting that national socialism, communism, someone called socialism...	你如何暗示国家社会主义,共产主义,有人称之为社会主义......
126	Yes, we're using the dictionary definition that was helpfully put before the House by	是的,我们正在使用 字典的定义 这是有用的 摆在众议院
127	my colleague Tony Daniels when he explained that what socialism means is the collective	我的同事托尼·丹尼尔斯 解释社会主义意味着集体
128	or state ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange.	或国家拥有生产、分配和交换手段。
129	Now that, you know, if you have a quarrel with the authors of the Oxford English Dictionary,	如果你和牛津英语词典的作者们吵架
130	that's fine, but that seems to me a perfectly neutral definition to be using in this debate.	这很好,但在我看来 这似乎是一个完全中立的定义 在这场辩论中使用。
131	Now, I want to take on the idea that...	现在,我想接受这个想法...
132	Thank you.	谢谢
133	I want to tackle this idea because it	我想解决这个想法,因为它
134	comes through the debate, that somehow on this side we are more materialistic, greedier,	通过辩论, 不知何故,在这个方面,我们 更物质,更贪婪,
135	less humane, that we have less by way of fellow feeling and sympathy than those on the other	人性更差,我们没有别人的感觉和同情
136	side.	侧面。
137	If you contrast socialist and capitalist economies, you see precious little evidence	如果你与社会主义和资本主义经济形成对比,你就会看到宝贵的证据
138	of that.	就是这样
139	But for what it's worth, I am a conservative	但不管怎样,我是保守派
140	politician, I spend a lot of my time with libertarians, conservatives and free marketeers	政治家,我花了很多时间 与自由主义者,保守派和自由市场商
141	of every stripe.	每个条纹。
142	I can tell you, hand on heart, I have never met anyone who derives	我可以告诉你,手放在心上, 我从来没有见过任何人谁得到
143	more pleasure from a healthy bank balance than from listening to Beethoven or playing	比起听贝多芬的歌或者演奏 更能享受健康的银行平衡
144	with his children or going for a walk in the country.	带着孩子或者去乡下散步
145	But what is it that enables us to	但是什么让我们能够
146	do those things?	做那些事吗?
147	It's economic progress.	经济进步.
148	The fact that you have a dishwasher and don't	你有一个洗碗机,没有
149	have to spend all your time doing the washing by hand means you can go for that walk in	要花你所有的时间 洗手 意味着你可以走进去
150	the country.	国家。
151	The fact that you have a car and don't have to queue up at the tram station	你有车,不用在有轨电车站排队
152	means you have more time to listen to Beethoven symphonies.	意味着你有更多的时间听贝多芬交响曲.
153	The fact that you don't have	你没有
154	to spend six weeks working just to feed your children means you can spend the weekend playing	花六个星期工作 只是为了养活你的孩子 意味着你可以花周末玩
155	with them.	与他们。
156	And where did those economic advances come from?	这些经济进步来自何处?
157	From the system that unlocked the	从系统解锁
158	inventiveness of a creative people, that tapped into the unlimited potential of human innovation	发挥人类创新无限潜力的创造力
159	and that raised our species to a standard of living that a couple of generations ago	这使我们的物种 达到了几代人之前的生活水平
160	would have been unimaginable.	这将是无法想象的。
161	Now that has happened for about a billion people in the	现在,这已经发生了 大约十亿人在
162	world, those of us who can afford the car, those of us who can afford the dishwasher.	世界,我们谁能买得起汽车, 我们谁能买得起洗碗机。
163	There are six billion people, I'm sorry I haven't got any more time, there are six	有六十亿人,对不起我没时间了,有六个
164	billion people who cannot afford the cars and the dishwashers.	有十亿人买不起汽车和洗碗机。
165	But they will.	但是他们会的
166	They will	他们会的
167	as free exchange and specialisation and comparative advantage run their course, raising people	* 自由交流、专业化和比较优势贯穿于他们的事业,培养人们
168	to a higher and higher standard of living, unless we go down the road of Cuba or Zimbabwe	除非我们沿着古巴或津巴布韦的道路前进
169	or any other socialist country because this motion is that it doesn't work.	或任何其他社会主义国家,因为这个动议是不起作用的.
170	Don't	别
171	make the mistake of judging socialism as a textbook theory, but judging capitalism by	错误地把社会主义当作一种教科书理论来判断,但用资本主义来判断
172	its necessarily imperfect outcomes.	其必然不完美的结果。
173	Judge like with like.	法官喜欢这样。
174	In the real world you find	在现实世界里,你会发现
175	me a functioning socialist country that has delivered more than a free market alternative.	我是一个正常运转的社会主义国家, 提供了不止一个自由市场选择。
176	Now I'm going to finish with this point.	现在我要结束这一点。
177	Katie in her speech cited a number of the	凯蒂在演讲中引用了一些
178	great heroes of our indigenous radical tradition.	我们土著激进传统的伟大英雄
179	And among them are some of the greatest heroes	其中有一些伟大的英雄
180	who have lived or argued in any language.	以任何语言生活或争论的人。
181	She cited the Levellers, three of whom fell	她引用了Levellers 三个人倒下了
182	in Burford Church in an act of cold-blooded execution which disturbed even the morbid	在布尔福德教堂的冷血处决行为 连病态都扰乱了
183	sensibilities of mid-17th century England.	17世纪中叶英国的敏感度.
184	What was it that the Levellers, those far-sighted,	什么叫雷勒斯,那些有远见的人,
185	heroic men who looked forward to the universal franchise, who looked forward to something	勇敢的人,谁期待 普遍选举权,谁期待的东西
186	that we would now recognise as constitutional liberty and democracy under the rule of law,	我们现在承认法治下的宪法自由和民主,
187	what was it that they believed?	他们相信什么?
188	What was the starting point of their ideology?	他们意识形态的起点是什么?
189	What was	刚才是什么
190	it that Richard Overton argued for in his arrow against all tyrants?	理查·奥弗顿在箭中为对抗所有暴君而争论?
191	Self-ownership.	自我拥有.
192	He began by saying, I own my mind, I own my body, and if I am free to trade the products	他一开始说,我拥有我的思想,我拥有我的身体, 如果我可以自由交易产品。
193	of my own labour, then without the intervention of prelates or princes, then I will be fulfilled	我的工作,然后没有前辈或王子的干预, 我就会完成
194	and happy.	和快乐。
195	These were proto-libertarians.	这些是原始的文学家。
196	They were radicals, all right, but they understood	他们是激进分子,好吧,但他们明白
197	that freedom was linked, as they constantly said in the very paper that Katie quoted,	自由是联系在一起的 正如他们在凯蒂所引用的论文中经常说的
198	that liberty and propriety, ownership and freedom were inextricably linked.	自由和正当性、所有权和自由密不可分。
199	Let me close with some words of their great contemporary, another libertarian hero, John	让我说几句 他们伟大的当代 另一个自由主义英雄约翰
200	Milton.	米尔顿
201	Capitalism, this thing that raised our species, developed in some of the Italian	资本主义,这个东西 养育我们的物种, 在一些意大利人发展
202	northern city-states, was then refined by the Dutch, but it was in this country that	北城州,后来被荷兰人精炼,但正是这个国家
203	it reached its fullest flower and was exported.	它到达了最丰盛的花朵 并被出口。
204	Addressing the Lords and Commons in 1644,	在1644年向贵族和下议院发表讲话,
205	Milton said, Remember what nation it is, whereof ye are, a nation not slow and dull,	米尔顿说:你们要铭记你们是怎样的民族,一个不迟钝的民族,
206	but quick and piercing of wit.	却能很快地穿透智慧
207	We got the whole thing going, and we ended slavery and	我们得到了整个事情, 我们结束了奴隶制,
208	we exported property rights and we exported the rule of law, and it was all based on raising	我们输出产权 我们输出法治 这一切都是基于提高
209	the individual above the state rather than the other way around.	个人在国家之上而不是相反。
210	When you walk out of	当你走出
211	the doors tonight, vote for freedom and remember what nation it is, whereof ye are.	今晚的门, 投票支持自由 并记住它是什么国家, 你在哪里。

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