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【TED演讲】被手机掏空注意力?如何让你的大脑专注!

字幕摘录

时间英文中文
0:06A few years ago, I began to observe something in my own behavior几年前,我开始观察自己的行为
0:12that made me a bit uncomfortable.这让我有点不舒服。
0:16And that was that from the moment that I woke up从我醒来那一刻起
0:19to the morning, to the end of the day,到早晨,到末日,
0:22my life was a series of screens.我的生活是一系列的屏幕。
0:26I started the day with the thing that woke me up first thing in the morning, my phone.我开始的一天的事情 把我吵醒的第一件事,我的手机。
0:30And so I sat there in bed watching various cooking videos on Instagram我坐在床上看Instagram上的各种烹饪视频
0:34and bouncing around between a bunch of different applications.和弹出周围 在一堆不同的应用。
0:37But then it was time to get out of bed and cook breakfast.但是现在是时候起床煮早餐了
0:42And so the thing that I focused then on, in addition to the omelet in the pan,所以除了锅里的煎蛋卷之外,我还把注意力放在了这件事上
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序号英文中文
1A few years ago, I began to observe something in my own behavior几年前,我开始观察自己的行为
2that made me a bit uncomfortable.这让我有点不舒服。
3And that was that from the moment that I woke up从我醒来那一刻起
4to the morning, to the end of the day,到早晨,到末日,
5my life was a series of screens.我的生活是一系列的屏幕。
6I started the day with the thing that woke me up first thing in the morning, my phone.我开始的一天的事情 把我吵醒的第一件事,我的手机。
7And so I sat there in bed watching various cooking videos on Instagram我坐在床上看Instagram上的各种烹饪视频
8and bouncing around between a bunch of different applications.和弹出周围 在一堆不同的应用。
9But then it was time to get out of bed and cook breakfast.但是现在是时候起床煮早餐了
10And so the thing that I focused then on, in addition to the omelet in the pan,所以除了锅里的煎蛋卷之外,我还把注意力放在了这件事上
11was the iPad that was right next to the oven.是放在烤箱旁边的iPad
12And then it was time to do some work.然后是时候做一些工作了。
13And so I went to a different screen, which was attached to another screen itself,于是我去了另一个屏幕, 它附着在另一个屏幕上,
14all the while this little devil on my wrist was tapping and beeping and blooping当我手腕上的这个小魔鬼 敲打,鸣叫和流血时
15and distracting me as I was trying to get important stuff done.并分散我的注意力 当我试图得到 重要的东西做。
16But there was one particular offender out of all of these different devices但是,在所有这些不同的装置中,有一个特定的罪犯
17that I wasted more time on than anything else.我浪费的时间比其他任何东西都多。
18That was this dastardly thing, my phone.那是一个卑鄙的东西,我的手机。
19I could spend hours on this thing every single day.我可以每天花几个小时在这件事上
20And so I decided to essentially, for all intents and purposes,所以我决定,基本上,出于所有的意图和目的,
21get rid of the thing for a month.把那东西丢掉一个月
22As an experiment, I thought I'm going to live on this thing作为实验,我以为我要活在这件事上
23for just 30 minutes every single day at a maximum.每天最多30分钟
24And so this is the amount of time I have for maps.所以这就是我给地图的时间。
25This is the amount of time to call my mother.这是时间 打电话给我的母亲。
26This is the amount of time that I have for everything that I could possibly want to do,这是我可以做的每件事的时间
27to listen to music, to listen to podcasts.听音乐,听播客。
28And I observed what happened during this time.我观察了这期间发生的一切。
29It took about a week to adjust downward into a new lower level of stimulation.大约花了一个星期才向下调整到一个新的较低的刺激水平.
30But once I did, I noticed that three curious things began to happen.但是,一旦我做到了,我注意到 三个奇怪的事情开始发生。
31First, my attention span grew.首先,我的注意力越来越大。
32It was like I could focus on things, not effortlessly,我好像可以把注意力集中在事情上 而不是无所作为
33but with much more ease than I could before this experiment started.但在实验开始前,我比这要轻松得多
34In addition to this, though, as I was going about the world除了这个,当我去世界的时候
35and especially when my mind wandered a bit,尤其当我的头脑徘徊,
36I had more ideas that my mind arrived at.我有更多的想法,我的头脑得到。
37And on top of this, I had more plans and thoughts about the future.除此之外,我还有更多关于未来的计划和想法。
38Getting rid of one simple device led to these three effects.摆脱一个简单的装置导致了这三种效果.
39Why?为什么?
40Noticing this a few years back led me on this long journey几年前我一直记着这个 一直走下去
41to get to the bottom of what it takes to focus in a world of distraction.在分散注意力的世界中 将注意力集中起来
42I poured over hundreds of research papers from front to back.我从头到尾倒了上百篇研究论文
43My office, I don't know if you've ever watched one of those crime shows我的办公室 我不知道你有没有看过那些犯罪节目
44where somebody's solving a murder,在那里有人正在解决谋杀案,
45and so they have this big Bristol board and their string attached to papers,所以他们有这个大布里斯托尔板 和他们的弦附在报纸上,
46attached to memos, attached to newspaper, this is like what the state of my office was.这就像我办公室的状态
47I flew out to meet experts around the world who study focus.我飞去见世界各地研究焦点的专家。
48I conducted more experiments on myself.我对自己做了更多的实验
49Until the point, I had 25,000 words of research notes about why this is the case.直到现在,我收到了两万五千字的研究笔记 关于为什么是这样。
50How does technology influence our attention and our ability to focus?技术如何影响我们的注意力和集中能力?
51I want to start with the attention spans that we have.我想从我们的关注开始
52This is how we pay attention to the world around us这就是我们关注周围世界的方式
53and how much control we have over our focus.以及我们如何控制我们的焦点。
54The research around this particular area is fascinating.围绕这个特定领域的研究令人着迷.
55It turns out that when we two work in front of a computer,我们两个在电脑前工作时
56especially when our phone is nearby,尤其是当我们的电话就在附近的时候
57we focus on one thing for just 40 seconds before we switch to doing something else.我们只专注于一件事 仅仅40秒之前,我们开始做别的事情。
58And when we have things like Slack open as we're doing some work,当我们有像Slack一样的东西打开 当我们做一些工作,
59this lowers to 35 seconds.减到35秒
60But the reason that this is the case is not what we might think after looking at the research.但事情是这样的原因 并不是我们看完研究后所想的
61We think the problem is that our brains are distracted.我们认为问题是 我们的大脑被分心。
62But after looking at the research, this is what I've come to know as a symptom for the deeper problem,但是在研究之后 我终于知道 更深层问题的症状
63which runs much more deeply.更深入的运行。
64It's the root cause of this distraction.谓此分心之根.
65It's not that we're distracted.不是我们分心了
66It's that our brains are overstimulated.我们的大脑被过度刺激了
67It's that we crave distraction in the first place.我们一开始就渴望分心
68Our brains love these tiny little nuggets of information我们的大脑喜欢这些小小的信息
69and social media and email and these things that we do over the course of the day.社交媒体和电子邮件 以及我们白天所做的一切
70There's even a mechanism in our mind called the novelty bias我们脑海里甚至有种叫做新颖偏见的机制
71by which our mind rewards us with a hit of dopamine,我们的心灵用多巴胺来奖励我们
72one of those wonderful pleasure chemicals,一种美妙的快乐化学物质,
73the same one that we get when we eat and order a whole medium pizza from Domino's,和我们吃东西时得到的一样 还要从多米诺那里 订购一整批中式披萨
74you know, the same one that we get when we make love.和做爱时一样
75We get that same stimulation when we check Facebook.当我们检查Facebook时,我们得到同样的刺激。
76We get this dopamine coursing through our mind.我们把多巴胺通过我们的脑海凝结。
77And so we not only crave distraction,所以我们不仅渴望分心
78but our mind rewards us for seeking out and finding distraction in the first place.但我们的心灵却奖励我们 寻找和寻找分心 首先。
79So this is the state of our minds today.这就是我们今天的思想状态。
80We're at this hyper stimulated state where we bounce around between我们正处在一个超刺激的状态, 在那里,我们回弹
81these bunch of different objects of attention that are very, very stimulating for our mind.这些不同的关注对象 对我们的心灵非常非常刺激
82And so I thought, okay, if the phone had this impact on my attention span,所以我想,好吧,如果电话 影响我的注意力范围,
83what if I lowered how stimulated I was even more still?如果我降低 如何刺激我 更静止?
84And so, you know, this feeling that we experience所以,你知道,这种感觉 我们体验
85when we go from being in a state of high stimulation into a state of low stimulation,当我们从高刺激状态到低刺激状态
86it has a name.它有一个名字。
87That name is called boredom.这个名字叫无聊
88You know, this restlessness that we feel when we have this super busy week你知道,这种不安感 当我们有这个超级繁忙的一周
89and then we're lying on the couch on a Sunday afternoon thinking,然后我们躺在沙发上 一个星期天下午想,
90all right, what am I doing now?好吧,我现在在做什么?
91So I challenged, I put out a call to the readers of my website于是我向网站的读者发出呼吁
92and I asked them, what is the most boring thing that you can think of doing?我问他们,什么是最无聊的事情 你能想到做什么?
93I'm going to make myself bored for an hour a day for a month.我将让自己无聊一天一个小时一个月。
94And so I did some stuff that I'm still upset about from my readers to this day.于是我做了一些事情, 至今我仍然对读者们感到不快。
95Day one, I read the iTunes terms and conditions for one hour.第一天,我读了 iTunes 的条款和条件 一个小时。
96It's actually shorter and more readable than you might think.其实比你想的要短,更易读.
97Day four, I waited on hold with Air Canada's baggage claims department.第四天,我和加拿大航空的行李报销部门等了一会儿
98It's very easy.这很容易。
99This is the trick.这是骗局。
100If you want to make yourself bored, don't call the reservations department.如果你想让自己无聊, 不要打电话预订部门。
101Call the baggage claim people because you're going to wait for hours if you ever get through it all.打给行李管理员 因为你要等上几个小时 如果你能度过这一切的话
102Day 19, I counted all the zeros that I could in the first 10,000 digits of Pi.第19天,我计算了所有零,我可以 在第一个10,000位数字的皮。
103Day 24, I watched the clock tick, tick for one hour and 27 other activities this month.24日,我看了钟表,抽了一小时,本月还有其他27次活动。
104Geez, I still think back.天啊,我还是回想一下
105But curiously, I noticed the exact same effects as I did during the smartphone experiment.但奇怪的是,我注意到了 和智能手机实验中一样的效果。
106It took about a week for my mind to adjust downward into a newer, lower level of stimulation.我花了大约一个星期的时间 才把大脑向下调整成新的低级刺激
107And this maps curiously on top of research that shows that it takes our mind about eight days to fully calm down and rest,奇怪的是,这些地图在研究之上 显示我们需要8天的时间 才能完全平静下来休息
108like when we're on vacation, as an example.比如说我们在度假的时候
109Our vacations need to be longer than they are today.我们的假期需要比今天更长
110But I also noticed that my attention span expanded.但我也注意到我的注意力在扩大
111I was able to focus even more effortlessly because I wasn't surrounded by fewer distractions,我更努力地集中注意力 因为我没有被更少的分散注意力所包围
112but my mind was so much less stimulated that it did not seek the distraction in the first place.但我的头脑更没有被刺激到 它一开始并不想分心
113But the fun part were these ideas and plans that struck me that didn't before.但有趣的是这些想法和计划 使我前所未有。
114And the reason that this is the case is because my mind had a chance to wander more often.之所以出现这种情况,是因为我的心灵有机会更频繁地徘徊。
115There's a great quote that I love that you might be familiar with from J.R.R.有个很好的引文,我爱 你可能熟悉J. R. R.
116Tolkien,托尔基安,
117where he says that not all those who wander are lost.他说,不是所有徘徊的人都迷路了。
118And the exact same thing is true, it turns out, with regard to our focus, with regard to our attention.事实表明,同样情况确实如此,关于我们的焦点,关于我们的注意力。
119If you think back to when your best, most brilliant ideas strike you, you're rarely focused on something.如果你回想一下你最优秀,最聪明的想法 击中你,你很少专注于某些事情。
120Maybe this morning you were taking a shower, or maybe some morning in the past,也许今天早上你正在洗澡 或者过去某天早上
121and then your mind had a chance to connect several of the constellations of ideas然后,你的头脑有一个机会 连接几个星团的想法
122{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}在你的脑海中徘徊 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}创造出一个不可能实现的想法
123if you were focused on something else, on your phone, for example.如果你专注于别的东西, 在你的电话,例如。
124This is a mode, especially when we do this deliberately, when we deliberately let our mind wander,这是一种模式,尤其是当我们故意这样做, 当我们故意让我们的心灵徘徊,
125I call this mode scatter focus.我称之为散开的焦点。
126And the research shows that it lets our mind come up with ideas,研究表明,它让我们的头脑 提出一些想法,
127it lets our mind plan because of where our mind wanders to.它让我们的心灵计划 因为我们的心灵徘徊的地方。
128This is fascinating.这太有趣了。
129It turns out that when we just let our attention rest, it goes to three main places.事实证明,当我们只是让我们的注意力停止的时候,它会流向三个主要地方。
130We think about the past, we think about the present, and we think about the future.我们思考过去,思考现在,思考未来.
131But we think about the past less than we might think.但我们对过去的想法比我们想象的要少。
132Only about 12% of the time.时间只有12%左右.
133And often the time we're recalling ideas in these thought wandering episodes.我们经常回顾这些想法中的想法。
134But the present, which is a much more productive place to wander,但是,现在,这是一个更生产的地方 漫游,
135we wander to think about the present 28% of the time.我们徘徊 思考现在的28%的时间。
136And so this is, you know, it's something as simple as you're typing up an email所以,你知道,这是一件很简单的事情 就像你输入电子邮件
137and you can't find a way to phrase something because it's very delicate, maybe it's political.而且你找不到一个方法 来表达某些东西,因为它是非常微妙的, 也许它是政治上的。
138You go and walk to another room, you go to another room of the house, of the office,你走到另一个房间, 你去另一个房间的房子,办公室,
139and the solution hits you because your mind had a chance to approach it解答会触动你 因为你的头脑有机会接近它
140and prod at that problem from different directions.并且从不同的方向研究这个问题。
141But here's the thing.但问题是
142Our minds wander to think about the future more than the past and the present combined.我们的头脑徘徊在思考未来 而不是过去和现在
143Whenever our mind is wandering, we think about the future 48% of the time.每当我们的思想在徘徊, 我们思考未来48%的时间。
144This is why when we're taking a shower, we plan out our entire day,这就是为什么当我们洗澡, 我们计划了一整天,
145even though it hasn't started yet.虽然还没开始
146This is called our mind's prospective bias, and it occurs when our mind wanders.这被称为我们的思想的预期偏差,它发生在我们的思想徘徊时.
147If you're good with math, or maths, I should say, not in Canada anymore,如果你精通数学或数学,我应该说, 不再在加拿大了,
148these numbers don't add up to 100s because the rest of the time our mind is dull,这些数字加起来不等于100, 因为剩下的时间 我们的头脑是乏味的,
149it's blank, or it doesn't have an idea inside of it that is rooted in time.里面没有根植于时间的想法
150But whatever it is for you that lets your mind wander, something that's simple,但无论你是什么让你的 思想徘徊, 事情很简单,
151something that doesn't consume your full attention.有些东西不会引起你的注意
152Mine happens to be something that is not necessarily stereotypic我的恰巧是 不一定是立体的
153of my age and gender demographic, but I love to knit.但我喜欢编织
154Knitting is one of my favorite hobbies.编织是我最喜欢的爱好之一.
155I knit in planes, I knit on trains, I knit in hotel rooms.我在飞机上编织 我在火车上编织 我在酒店房间编织
156I was knitting in the hotel room before this event today because it helps calm you down,今天这个活动之前我在酒店房间织衣服 因为这能让你冷静下来
157it helps settle your nerves, and I come up with so many ideas when I knit,我编织的时候想出很多想法
158I have a notepad next to me.我旁边有个记事本
159But whatever it is for you, it might be taking that extra long shower,但不管它为你, 它可能要花多长的淋浴,
160it might be taking a bath, upgrading your shower to a bath,它可能是在洗澡, 提升你的淋浴到洗澡,
161so you can soak not just with your body but with your ideas as well.这样你不仅可以用身体 也可以用想法浸泡
162It could be simple if you're at work, walking from one room to another in the office.如果你在办公室里 从一个房间走到另一个房间 可能很简单
163Very simple change, but if you don't use your phone during that walk,很简单的改变 但如果你走的时候不用手机
164your mind will go to the meeting that you're about to attend,你的思想会去参加你将要参加的会议,
165it'll go to the call that you were just on, it'll wander to the ideas that are circulating,它会到你刚才的电话, 它会漫游到流传的思想,
166and it'll make you more creative in this way.这样你就能更有创意了
167It could be something as simple as waiting in line and just, I don't know, waiting in line.它可能是简单的东西 像等待排队, 只是,我不知道,等待排队。
168It could be getting a massage.它可能是在按摩。
169You know, whatever it is that lets your mind, well, I love this picture so much.你知道,不管是什么 让你的头脑, 好吧,我很喜欢这张照片。
170Whatever you love doing.无论你喜欢做什么。
171Here's a pro tip.这是专业小费。
172Ask your masseuse to let you have a notepad in the session,叫你的按摩师给你留个笔记
173because ideas always come to you and you're always incubating things,因为想法总是来找你 而你总是在潜伏的东西,
174and so capture them so you can act upon them later.抓住他们,你以后再行动
175But I think, after doing this deep dive into the research,但我想,在深入研究之后
176we need to make two fundamental shifts with regard to how we think about our attention.我们需要在如何看待我们的注意力方面作出两个根本性的转变。
177We think that we need to fit more in.我们认为,我们需要更加融入其中。
178You know, there's all this talk about hustling.你知道,所有这些谈论 关于胡思乱想。
179I'm an anti-hustler.我是一个反赫斯特。
180I'm one of the laziest people you'll ever meet,我是你见过的最懒的人之一
181and I think that's what gives me so many ideas to talk and write about.我想这就是给我 这么多的想法 谈论和写。
182We don't need to fit more in.我们不需要更适合。
183We're doing enough.我们做得够多了
184We're doing too much.我们做的太多了。
185We're doing so much that our mind never wanders anymore.我们做了这么多,我们的思想不再徘徊。
186It's sad.悲'.
187This is when our best ideas and plans come to us.这时,我们的最佳想法和计划来到我们身边。
188We need more space.我们需要更多的空间。
189If you look at what allows traffic to move down a highway,如果你看看什么能让交通顺着高速公路前进
190what allows it to move forward isn't how fast cars are moving, as you might expect.让它前进的不是车开得这么快,你可能期望的
191It's how much space exists between the cars that allows traffic to move forward.车厢之间有多少空间可以让交通向前发展.
192Our work and our life are the same way.我们的工作和生活都是一样的
193The second shift.第二转.
194We like to think of distraction as the enemy of focus.我们喜欢把分散注意力视为焦点的敌人。
195It is not.事实并非如此。
196It is a symptom of why we find it difficult to focus,这是为什么我们发现难以集中的症状,
197which is the fact that our mind is overstimulated.这就是我们的思想被过度刺激的事实。
198I have a challenge for you.我有一个挑战给你。
199It's a two-week challenge,这是一个两周的挑战,
200but it's a challenge to make your mind a bit less stimulated但让你的头脑少一点刺激是件挑战
201and simply notice what happens to your attention.注意你的注意力
202How many ideas do you get?你有几个想法?
203How does your focus change?你的注意力有什么变化?
204How many plans do you make?你做了多少计划?
205So for two weeks, make your mind less stimulated.两周来,让你的头脑少点刺激。
206There are so many great features on phones, on devices,电话、设备都有很多大功能
207that let us eliminate a lot of the time we waste on our devices.让我们消除我们浪费在装置上的大量时间。
208Use those features.使用这些特性。
209Not only to become aware of how you spend your time,不仅知道你如何花时间
210but how you can spend less so you have more ideas.但你如何少花钱 让你有更多的想法。
211Have a disconnection ritual every evening.每天晚上都要举行断线仪式.
212One of my favorite daily rituals,我最喜欢的日常仪式之一,
213I disconnect from the internet completely from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m.我从晚上8点到早上8点 完全切断了互联网
214My fiance and I, we have a weekly disconnection ritual,我和我未婚夫每周有个断线仪式
215a technology Sabbath every Sunday,每个星期天都有科技安息日,
216so we can disconnect from the digital world这样我们就能与数码世界断绝联系
217and reconnect with the physical world,与物理世界重联,
218the real actual world.真实的世界。
219Rediscover boredom.重新发现无聊。
220You don't have to do it for an hour.一时不作.
221Please don't call Air Canada.请不要打电话给加拿大航空。
222It's just a world of hell.只见地狱世界.
223But rediscover boredom just for a few minutes.但重新发现无聊 仅仅几分钟。
224Lay on the couch, and where does your mind go?躺在沙发上,你在想什么?
225And scatter your attention.并分散你的注意力。
226You'll find some remarkably fruitful things你会发现一些非常有成果的东西
227in that attentional zone.在那个注意力区。
228If there's one thing that I have found to be true如果有一件事我发现是真的
229after doing this deep dive into this world on how we focus,在深入世界研究我们如何集中注意力之后
230it's that the state of our attention我们所关注的状态
231is what determines the state of our lives.是决定我们生活状况的
232If we're distracted in each moment,如果我们在每一刻分心
233those moments of distraction and overstimulation那些分心和过度刺激的时刻
234build up and accumulate to create a life积累和积累创造生命
235that feels more distracted and overwhelming感觉更分心和压倒性
236like we don't have a clear direction.就像我们没有明确的方向。
237But when we become less stimulated,但是,当我们变得不那么刺激,
238when we make our mind more calm,当我们让我们的头脑更加平静,
239we get the benefits of added productivity我们得到增产的好处
240and focus and ideas and creativity,以及重点和思想与创造力,
241but we also live a better life because of it.但我们也因此而过上更好的生活。
242Thank you so much.非常感谢
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