【TED 演讲】学会思维导图记笔记 ｜ 高效学习，告别无效记
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | Mind mapping is a method by which you can make notes, take notes, and help your memory | 心智映射是一种方法,你可以做笔记,做笔记,帮助你的记忆 |
| 0:27 | because you're working in a way that helps your brain instead of gets in the way. | 因为你的工作方式 帮助你的大脑而不是阻碍。 |
| 0:35 | I spent most of my life worrying about whether I was going to remember things. | 我花了我的大部分时间 担心我是否会记得一些事情。 |
| 0:40 | I had parents who had wonderful memories and other people in my family and mine wasn't. | 我父母有美好的回忆, 其他人在我的家庭和我的不是。 |
| 0:47 | So I went to college, four degrees, including a PhD in mathematics. | 所以我上大学,四个学位,包括数学博士。 |
| 0:57 | Obviously, I spent lots of time listening to lectures. | 显然,我花了很多时间听讲座。 |
| 1:02 | I made thousands and thousands of pages of notes. | 我做了成千上万页的笔记。 |
| 1:07 | I worried so much that I would forget something that I felt like I had to write everything. | 我太担心了,我会忘记一些东西, 我觉得我不得不写的一切。 |
| 1:15 | But whether you handwrite it like I did, which ended up with a callus on my finger, | 但你是否像我一样手写, 结果我手指上有一个卡路丝, |
| 1:22 | or you type it, you're still just transcribing. | 或者你输入它, 你仍然只是转写。 |
展开字幕全文（201 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mind mapping is a method by which you can make notes, take notes, and help your memory | 心智映射是一种方法,你可以做笔记,做笔记,帮助你的记忆 |
| 2 | because you're working in a way that helps your brain instead of gets in the way. | 因为你的工作方式 帮助你的大脑而不是阻碍。 |
| 3 | I spent most of my life worrying about whether I was going to remember things. | 我花了我的大部分时间 担心我是否会记得一些事情。 |
| 4 | I had parents who had wonderful memories and other people in my family and mine wasn't. | 我父母有美好的回忆, 其他人在我的家庭和我的不是。 |
| 5 | So I went to college, four degrees, including a PhD in mathematics. | 所以我上大学,四个学位,包括数学博士。 |
| 6 | Obviously, I spent lots of time listening to lectures. | 显然,我花了很多时间听讲座。 |
| 7 | I made thousands and thousands of pages of notes. | 我做了成千上万页的笔记。 |
| 8 | I worried so much that I would forget something that I felt like I had to write everything. | 我太担心了,我会忘记一些东西, 我觉得我不得不写的一切。 |
| 9 | But whether you handwrite it like I did, which ended up with a callus on my finger, | 但你是否像我一样手写, 结果我手指上有一个卡路丝, |
| 10 | or you type it, you're still just transcribing. | 或者你输入它, 你仍然只是转写。 |
| 11 | You're not thinking about what you're hearing or reading. | 不思议所闻或读. |
| 12 | You're not organizing it the way your brain needs to organize it | 你没有组织它的方式 你的大脑需要组织它 |
| 13 | so that it will remember it better so that you can learn it, | 以便它能更好地记住它,以便你了解它, |
| 14 | store it, and then retrieve it when you want to. | 存储它,然后在您想要的时候检索它。 |
| 15 | And that's really important, being able to retrieve it. | 这是非常重要的, 能够取回它。 |
| 16 | So also, when you are writing so fast, typing so fast, you're not paying lots of attention. | 所以,当你写得这么快,打字那么快的时候, 你并没有注意很多。 |
| 17 | And all of a sudden, people around me would laugh and I'd go, | 突然,我身边的人会笑,我会去, |
| 18 | what did he say? What did she say? | 他说什么? 她说什么? |
| 19 | Because I'd missed it. You're not really hearing everything. | 因为我错过了 你不是真的什么都听见了 |
| 20 | You can't write as fast as someone speaks. | 你不能像别人说的那么快写 |
| 21 | So this is a mind map. This is a handwritten mind map. | 这是一张心智图。 这是手写的心智图 |
| 22 | It's the kind that I recommend to most people to do. | 我建议大多数人这样做 |
| 23 | It's much better to do them, at least when you're first learning, | 做他们更好, 至少当你第一次学习, |
| 24 | but even later, with just a plain piece of paper and a pencil or a pen. | 但更迟些,只有一张普通的纸 和铅笔或笔。 |
| 25 | The idea is that you are doing something very visual. | 这个想法是,你正在做一些非常视觉的东西。 |
| 26 | You're also using kinesthetic. You are using your hands, your arms. | 你也在用亲子美学 你用你的手,你的手臂。 |
| 27 | You're thinking about this whole thing as you're going. | 尔时世尊如是念已. |
| 28 | You're developing something that starts in the center and builds out radially. | 你正在开发一些从中央开始, 建立光圈的东西。 |
| 29 | So in the center goes the topic. | 因此,在中心是话题。 |
| 30 | It could be the name of someone you're listening to. | 这可能是你听的人的名字。 |
| 31 | It could be the title of a book. | 这可能是一本书的标题。 |
| 32 | It could be a question that you're trying to brainstorm. | 这可能是一个问题 你试图脑暴。 |
| 33 | And then you build out just free form and you only put down what's important to you. | 然后,你建立 只是免费的形式, 你只放下 对你很重要的东西。 |
| 34 | So each person's mind map, even of the same talk, of the same book, | 所以,每个人的思维图, 即使同样的谈话, 相同的书, |
| 35 | will be very different because what you want to remember, | 将是非常不同的 因为你想要记住, |
| 36 | what's important to you, is going to be different than someone else. | 对你很重要的是 和别人不同 |
| 37 | And that's wonderful. It's very personal. | 这是美妙的。 这是非常私人的。 |
| 38 | And notice also you put down single words or short phrases. | 请注意,你还放下了单词或短句。 |
| 39 | This isn't whole sentences or paragraphs. | 这不是整个句子或段落。 |
| 40 | Do you think you store in your brain paragraphs? | 你认为你存储 在你的大脑段落? |
| 41 | How about sentences? | 句子怎么样? |
| 42 | What about those outlines? | 那些轮廓呢? |
| 43 | You know, you spend a lot of time in school, Roman numeral one, A, B, C. | 你知道,你花了很多时间 在学校,罗马数字一,A,B,C。 |
| 44 | Remember that stuff? | 还记得那些东西吗? |
| 45 | Do you think that's what you store in your brain? | 你以为那是你脑中的东西吗? |
| 46 | I don't think so. | 亦不见. |
| 47 | You store images. | 你存储图像。 |
| 48 | You store key ideas. | 你存储关键的想法。 |
| 49 | You store the connections between the things you're learning and things you already knew. | 你储存你所学的东西和 你已经知道的东西之间的联系。 |
| 50 | So, shortly after I finished my fourth degree, | 在我完成第四学位后不久 |
| 51 | I learned about this thing called mind mapping. | 我学到了这个叫心灵图 |
| 52 | I had never heard of it before. | 我从来没有听说过它。 |
| 53 | This, as you can see, is a piece of a mind map. | 这,如你所见,是一幅心灵图。 |
| 54 | In fact, it's the part of the mind map of my talk. | 事实上,这是我演讲中思想地图的一部分. |
| 55 | But there I was learning about it for the first time. | 但我第一次知道这一点。 |
| 56 | And first I felt great regret because, boy, would that have saved me time and helped me a lot | 首先,我感到非常遗憾 因为,孩子,那会节省我的时间和帮助我很多 |
| 57 | when I was taking notes and trying to learn things and especially getting ready for tests | 当我做笔记和尝试学习的东西, 特别是准备测试 |
| 58 | or being able to tell somebody else about what I heard. | 或者能告诉别人我听到什么 |
| 59 | And then I started to get angry. | 然后我开始生气。 |
| 60 | How come I never came across this before? | 为什么我从来没有见过这个? |
| 61 | How come nobody had ever shown me this thing called mind mapping? | 为什么从来没有人给我看这个叫心智图的东西? |
| 62 | And as I researched it, I found that there were places around the world where things | 当我研究它,我发现 世界上有地方 事物 |
| 63 | were being talked about in England. | 在英国有人谈论 |
| 64 | They were doing a lot of it in Australia, but we hadn't heard very much about it here. | 在澳大利亚,他们做了很多, 但我们没有听到很多关于它。 |
| 65 | And I finally felt very grateful that I had finally because it works like the brain works. | 我终于感到非常感激,因为我终于做到了,因为它像大脑一样工作。 |
| 66 | My research published way back in 1975 proved how important the visual and kinesthetic is | 我的研究早在1975年出版 证明了视觉和亲子美学有多重要 |
| 67 | to people understanding mathematics. | 给理解数学的人 |
| 68 | And now I had found a tool to apply in all kinds of curricula and all kinds of subjects, | 现在,我找到了一个工具 应用到各种课程和各种科目, |
| 69 | not just mathematics. | 不只是数学 |
| 70 | So we need to be able to do something to help our brain, | 所以我们需要做点什么来帮助我们的大脑 |
| 71 | to work with our brain rather than against it. | 用我们的大脑工作,而不是反对它。 |
| 72 | And the way a mind map works, it's compact, it's all on one page. | 而心灵图的工作方式,是紧凑的,都是一页的. |
| 73 | You only write key words or short phrases, but those trigger words, those key words, | 你只写关键词或短句, 但那些触发词, 这些关键词, |
| 74 | trigger for you the bigger idea. | 触发你的大主意。 |
| 75 | So you learn to pay attention to what you're reading or what you're hearing | 所以,你学会注意 你读什么或听到什么 |
| 76 | and write down what's most important so it triggers the bigger idea. | 写下最重要的内容 从而引发更大的想法 |
| 77 | So later when you want to think about it and talk about it, you can easily do it. | 所以以后你想考虑,谈论的时候,可以轻松地做. |
| 78 | I was attracted because of what it does for academia, | 我之所以被吸引 是因为它对学术界的影响 |
| 79 | but I used it all the years in business too. | 但我也用过这么多年的生意 |
| 80 | Every meeting, every meeting with a customer, every sales meeting, | 每次会议,每次与顾客的会议,每次销售会议, |
| 81 | every one that you go to, fantastic way to take notes and to explain it to someone else. | 写笔记和解释给别人听 |
| 82 | So here is how it works. | 这就是它的工作原理。 |
| 83 | You take a piece of paper horizontally. | 你横向拿一张纸 |
| 84 | The reason it's horizontal is so that while you're writing | 这是横向的,所以当你写的时候 |
| 85 | and while you're reading, most of the words are facing the way we usually read. | 当你在阅读的时候, 大部分的词 面对我们通常的阅读方式。 |
| 86 | By the way, it shouldn't have lines, but if you can't find a piece of paper without lines, | 顺便说一句,它不应该有线, 但是如果你找不到一张没有线的纸, |
| 87 | then don't worry about it. | 那就别担心 |
| 88 | Just put it horizontal and ignore the lines. | 把它放在水平上 忽略线条 |
| 89 | Write down key words, write down short phrases, | 写下关键词 写下短句 |
| 90 | and very important, the connections between these things. | 非常重要的是,这些东西之间的联系。 |
| 91 | You build out radially so in the center is the topic or the name or the person | 在中央是话题、名字、人物 |
| 92 | or the question and you build out completely free form. | 或问题,你建立 完全免费的形式。 |
| 93 | Doing your branches and writing what's on or whatever works for you. | 做你的树枝和写什么 对你有用或任何东西。 |
| 94 | Sometimes there was a subject you were paying attention to | 有时候有个你注意的话题 |
| 95 | and writing something on one branch and suddenly later something else comes up | 在一个树枝上写些东西 然后突然又出现了别的东西 |
| 96 | or you think of something, you go back and add it to that branch. | 或者你想想什么, 你回去把它加到树枝上。 |
| 97 | Completely free form, again, very personal, the way it works for you. | 完全自由的形式,再次, 非常私人, 它的方式为你工作。 |
| 98 | So you can go back to looking at it. | 故能复观. |
| 99 | You are thinking you're not blindly documented. | 你以为你没有盲目记录? |
| 100 | You're not blindly transcribing something. | 你没有盲目地转录什么。 |
| 101 | You're thinking about how does it fit together, how does it work, | 你在考虑它是如何结合的, 它是如何工作的, |
| 102 | and how will I remember it when I need to? | 当我需要的时候,我怎么会记得? |
| 103 | So I'm going to give you a couple of examples | 所以我要举几个例子 |
| 104 | and I think it'll help you really understand how this works. | 我想这会帮助你真正理解 如何运作。 |
| 105 | And I chose Ted examples because I think you might be familiar with it. | 我选择泰德的例子是因为我觉得你可能很熟悉 |
| 106 | The first example I thought I'd share with you is Dan Barber's talk | 我想跟你分享的第一个例子是Dan Barber的演讲 |
| 107 | about how I fell in love with a fish. | 关于我怎么爱上一条鱼。 |
| 108 | Now here is the way I would have done it the old fashioned way, right? | 现在,我这样做的方式 会是古老的方式,对不对? |
| 109 | I would have written everything down line after line just following what he said. | 我会按照他的话 逐行写下一切 |
| 110 | And how would I explain that to someone else? | 我该怎么跟别人解释? |
| 111 | I have to read the whole thing. | 我要读整件事。 |
| 112 | How would I find a particular point that I wanted to remember? | 我怎么会找到我想记住的一点? |
| 113 | Again, I have to read the whole thing just like studying | 再说一遍,我必须读整个事情 就像学习 |
| 114 | and going back through exactly the same things you heard the first time. | 回到你第一次听到的那些话 |
| 115 | But here is the mind map of Dan Barber's talk, how I fell in love with a fish. | 但这里是丹·巴伯演讲的心智图,我是如何爱上一条鱼的. |
| 116 | So if you look at the branches here, first he was a chef and he served a lot of fish. | 所以,如果你看看这里的树枝, 首先他是一个厨师, 他服务了很多鱼。 |
| 117 | And he fell in love with a particular fish because he understood it was sustainable. | 他爱上了一条特定的鱼 因为他知道它是可持续的。 |
| 118 | And he did a little more research and he found out that they were feeding the fish 30% chicken. | 他做了更多的研究,发现他们正在喂养30%的鸡肉。 |
| 119 | And he decided it's not sustainable and he fell out of love with that fish. | 他决定这不可持续 他爱上了那条鱼 |
| 120 | So later he tasted a fish that was overcooked and still delicious. | 所以后来他尝到了一种鱼的味道,它被煮得过头了,仍然很美味. |
| 121 | He fell in love with fish too. | 他也爱上了鱼。 |
| 122 | And this fish was so amazing that he even ate the skin, | 这条鱼太神奇了 他甚至吃了皮肤 |
| 123 | which he said he never did before because it was delicious. | 他说他以前从没做过 因为味道很好吃 |
| 124 | And he went to talk to Miguel. | 他去找米格尔谈了 |
| 125 | Miguel was the person who he understood ran the fish farm. | 米格尔就是他所了解的 管理渔场的人 |
| 126 | And Miguel said, I don't really run a fish farm. | Miguel说 我并不真正经营鱼场 |
| 127 | I run a sanctuary for birds and there are lots of fish there. | 我经营鸟类保护区 那里有很多鱼 |
| 128 | And I don't have to bring any food for the fish. | 我不用带食物给鱼 |
| 129 | It's all natural. | 皆为自然. |
| 130 | They just eat what they naturally eat and the water is clean and everything. | 他们只是吃他们自然吃的东西 水是干净的和一切。 |
| 131 | So Dan Barber learned a lot about this and learned a lot about agriculture and his recommendations on it. | 因此,丹·巴伯学到了很多这方面的知识,并且学到了很多关于农业的知识,以及他对此的建议. |
| 132 | But what was most important about his talk is that I noticed he asked questions, really, really good questions. | 他的演讲中最重要的是,我注意到他问了一些问题, 真的,非常好的问题。 |
| 133 | And it was the questions that gave him the insights. | 问题给了他深刻的见解。 |
| 134 | He asked questions about what is sustainability? | 他问可持续性是什么? |
| 135 | He asked the question, how could an overcooked fish taste this good? | 他问,一个煮过头的鱼怎么会这么好吃? |
| 136 | How could a fish that is overcooked taste this good? | 煮过头的鱼怎么会这么好吃? |
| 137 | And then he asked, why do flamingos fly so far for their food? | 然后他问,为什么火烈鸟飞这么远去吃食物? |
| 138 | So it was about the questions. | 所以这是关于问题。 |
| 139 | They are what helped him understand the whole issue and then be able to share it with us. | 他们帮助他理解了整个问题,然后与我们分享。 |
| 140 | And you see, a mind map allows me to explain it to you. | 你看,一个心智图 让我解释给你听。 |
| 141 | You can follow what I am saying. | 你可以听我的话 |
| 142 | Let's do another one. | 再来一个 |
| 143 | Sir Ken Robinson has done a number of talks. | 肯·鲁滨逊爵士进行了多次会谈。 |
| 144 | He talked about creativity in schools and claims that schools are killing creativity. | 他谈到学校的创造性,并声称学校正在扼杀创造性. |
| 145 | And here again is my little hand done mind map. | 这里又是我的小手完成的心灵图。 |
| 146 | And I do recommend that when people are first learning them, they do that. | 我建议当人们开始学习他们的时候, 他们这样做。 |
| 147 | But you'll find even later, even after you get really good at it, just grabbing a piece of paper and a pencil that's handy at the moment you want to take notes, you'll do that all the time. | 但是,你会发现,即使你得到 真正的好,只是拿一张纸和铅笔 在你想做笔记的时候,你会一直这样做。 |
| 148 | You won't have to worry about doing it in any special form. | 你不必担心用任何特殊的形式来做 |
| 149 | But of course, when you want other people to read your handwriting, sometimes it's not so good. | 但当然,当你想让别人读你的笔迹时,有时并不那么好. |
| 150 | I admit that. | 我承认 |
| 151 | So I do put it sometimes into a computer program and there are lots of them. | 所以我有时会把它放进一个计算机程序, 有很多。 |
| 152 | And that allows other people to read it as well. | 这让其他人也能读到 |
| 153 | So Ken Robinson is the one who talked about creativity in school. | 所以肯·罗宾逊是在学校谈论创造力的人. |
| 154 | And he said that the problem, the good thing about children is that children aren't afraid to be wrong. | 他说,问题,关于孩子的优点是,孩子们不怕错。 |
| 155 | And so therefore, they're more creative. | 因此,它们更具有创造性。 |
| 156 | But we kind of school some of that out of them. | 但是我们有点 学校的一些出来。 |
| 157 | He also had some wonderful quotes that I wanted to remember. | 他也有一些精彩的引言 我想记住。 |
| 158 | One of his quotes had to do with the fact that if insects were gone, he said all life would be over. | 他的其中一句引文与这样一个事实有关,即如果昆虫已经消失,他说所有的生命都会结束. |
| 159 | But if humans were gone, the rest of life would flourish. | 但是,如果人类消失,剩下的生命就会繁荣起来. |
| 160 | I thought that was pretty good and I wanted to make sure I remembered it. | 我觉得这很好 我想确保我记得它。 |
| 161 | So it's one of my branches. | 故为吾枝之一. |
| 162 | He also talked about the use of jokes and he had lots of jokes in his talk. | 他还谈到使用笑话的问题,在谈话中他有很多笑话. |
| 163 | And there were so many jokes and I also wanted to keep track of some of them. | 有很多笑话,我也想追踪其中的一些。 |
| 164 | So I put a branch out there for jokes that I wanted to remember. | 所以我在外边放个树枝 用来做我想记住的笑话 |
| 165 | One of them was imagine for a moment that you're an English teacher | 其中一个是想象一下 你是一位英语老师 |
| 166 | and you have nine-year-old Shakespeare in your class. | 而你的班上有九岁的莎士比亚 |
| 167 | How are you going to handle that? | 你怎么处理? |
| 168 | Right? | 对吧? |
| 169 | So here I have a mind map where I showed what was important to me in his talk. | 我在这里有一张心智图, 在那里我展示了他在演讲中对我很重要的东西。 |
| 170 | And being able to do that on a mind map allows you to be able to pay attention | 在心灵地图上能够做到这一点 让你能够专心致志 |
| 171 | to just what you want, write down just the things that you care about. | 写下你关心的事 |
| 172 | And there they are ready for you to explain. | 他们已经准备好让你解释了 |
| 173 | And he wanted creativity at the top of the pyramid along with literacy. | 他想在金字塔顶部创造力 以及识字能力。 |
| 174 | And I'm reminded of that when I look at the mind map. | 当我看心智图时,我想起了这一点。 |
| 175 | So what about you? | 那你怎么办? |
| 176 | Maybe you're feeling a little angry too if you have never heard of this before. | 也许你也有点生气 如果你从来没有听说过这个。 |
| 177 | Maybe you're thinking you could have been helping your brain all along. | 也许你认为你可以一直帮助你的大脑。 |
| 178 | Or maybe you knew about this a bit | 也许你知道这一点 |
| 179 | but never really paid attention and learned to use it. | 但从来没有真正注意 并学会使用它。 |
| 180 | It takes some practice. | 这需要一些练习。 |
| 181 | Anything new that you do takes some practice. | 任何新的你做的 需要一些练习。 |
| 182 | So I challenge you now to practice using mind mapping | 所以我现在要挑战你用心术来练习 |
| 183 | and you'll really be helping your brain. | 你会帮助你的大脑。 |
| 184 | I have one last little story or anecdote to share with you. | 我还有最后一个故事或传闻要告诉你 |
| 185 | And that is that some years ago I was asked to help my young granddaughter | 几年前我被要求帮我的孙女 |
| 186 | who was not doing well in social studies. | 在社会研究上表现不佳 |
| 187 | And I went over to help her and I showed her how to mind map. | 我去帮她,教她如何用地图 |
| 188 | And she mind mapped the chapter about the U.S. government and the next day | 她介意绘制关于美国政府的章节 以及第二天 |
| 189 | she got an A, the first A she'd ever gotten in social studies. | 她得到了A, 第一个A,她曾经得到 在社会研究。 |
| 190 | It was very exciting. | 感觉很刺激 |
| 191 | So two days ago I called her and I asked her, | 两天前我打给她问她 |
| 192 | hey, do you remember that day I came over and showed you mind mapping? | 嘿,你还记得那天我过来 并告诉你的心意映射? |
| 193 | And she said, I sure do. | 她说,我当然知道。 |
| 194 | We had all these colored pens and we drew this picture | 我们画了这幅画 我们画了这幅画 |
| 195 | and I really understood that chapter and I did very well on the test the next day. | 我非常理解那章 我第二天在测试上表现很好 |
| 196 | And I kept using it in school, especially in high school. | 我在学校里,特别是在高中里一直使用它。 |
| 197 | So I challenge you not only for you to practice mind mapping and learn it better | 所以,我挑战你 不仅让你练习 思维映射和学习它更好 |
| 198 | but share it with some others. | 但与其他人分享它。 |
| 199 | When you do that you will internalize it better and be able to use it better. | 当你这样做的时候,你会更好地内化它,并且能够更好地使用它. |
| 200 | Teach someone else and especially teach some children to use mind mapping. | 教别人,特别是教一些孩子使用心智图. |
| 201 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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