霸凌不是批评，是一场定向毁灭！艾米·库迪深度拆解：普通人如何
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:04 | My talk begins where my life nearly ended. | 我的演讲开始于我的生活几乎结束的地方。 |
| 0:10 | In 2012, I stood in the red circle | 2012年,我站在红圈 |
| 0:15 | and I gave a TED Talk on social psychology. | 我做了一个TED演讲 关于社会心理学。 |
| 0:18 | I was a junior professor at Harvard, | 我是哈佛大学的初级教授 |
| 0:21 | and I spoke about feeling like an outsider. | 我谈到感觉自己像个外人 |
| 0:26 | I spoke about how we lift our self-confidence | 我说了如何提高自信 |
| 0:30 | and how our bodies affect the way we feel. | 以及我们的身体如何影响我们的感受 |
| 0:36 | The talk went viral online quickly | 谈话迅速上线 |
| 0:40 | and became one of the most viewed TED Talks of all time. | 并成为TED会谈有史以来最受关注的国家之一。 |
| 0:46 | And that cracked my world open in some beautiful ways. | 这让我的世界大开眼界 |
展开字幕全文（217 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | My talk begins where my life nearly ended. | 我的演讲开始于我的生活几乎结束的地方。 |
| 2 | In 2012, I stood in the red circle | 2012年,我站在红圈 |
| 3 | and I gave a TED Talk on social psychology. | 我做了一个TED演讲 关于社会心理学。 |
| 4 | I was a junior professor at Harvard, | 我是哈佛大学的初级教授 |
| 5 | and I spoke about feeling like an outsider. | 我谈到感觉自己像个外人 |
| 6 | I spoke about how we lift our self-confidence | 我说了如何提高自信 |
| 7 | and how our bodies affect the way we feel. | 以及我们的身体如何影响我们的感受 |
| 8 | The talk went viral online quickly | 谈话迅速上线 |
| 9 | and became one of the most viewed TED Talks of all time. | 并成为TED会谈有史以来最受关注的国家之一。 |
| 10 | And that cracked my world open in some beautiful ways. | 这让我的世界大开眼界 |
| 11 | I saw the most luminous parts of people, | 我看见了人们最光亮的部分 |
| 12 | and then I saw the darkest parts, | 然后我看到了最黑暗的部分, |
| 13 | when I became the target of a sustained bullying campaign, | 当我成为持续欺负运动的目标时 |
| 14 | not by trolls on the internet. | 互联网上不是怪兽 |
| 15 | I learned to dismiss them quickly, | 我学会了迅速开除他们 |
| 16 | but by colleagues, | 但同事说, |
| 17 | by tenured professors, department chairs and journal editors | 教授、系主任和期刊编辑 |
| 18 | who used their names, their real names, | 他们用他们的名字,他们的真名, |
| 19 | to attack me relentlessly for many years. | 多年来一直无情攻击我 |
| 20 | They publicly declared | 他们公开宣布 |
| 21 | that I had no serious conception of the term science, | 我对科学这个术语没有严肃的概念, |
| 22 | that what I'd proposed was stupid and unintuitive, | 我的提议是愚蠢和不直觉的, |
| 23 | that I'd abandoned academia for a lucrative career | 我放弃了学术事业 |
| 24 | selling pseudoscience to a mostly women audience. | 把伪科学卖给大多数女性观众 |
| 25 | They created a narrative about our work on power-posing | 他们编造了一个关于我们掌握权力的叙述 |
| 26 | that it had been debunked. | 说它被拆了 |
| 27 | But here's the thing. | 但问题是 |
| 28 | Our work on power-posing hadn't been debunked. | 我们掌握电力的工作没有被取消 |
| 29 | In fact, the central finding, the most important finding, | 事实上,中心发现,最重要的发现, |
| 30 | was that our posture, how expansive or contractive it is, | 我们的姿势, 多么扩张或萎缩, |
| 31 | affects the way we feel, | 影响我们的感觉, |
| 32 | how powerful, confident we feel. | 多么强大 多么自信 |
| 33 | It was replicated dozens of times in independent studies | 在独立研究中复制了几十次 |
| 34 | by labs all over the world, | 由世界各地的实验室, |
| 35 | using better methods than those that we used, | 使用比我们使用的方法更好的方法, |
| 36 | and even by our skeptics, | 以我们的怀疑者发誓, |
| 37 | in multiple meta-analyses, | 在多种元分析中, |
| 38 | including one with 88 studies and nearly 10,000 participants. | 包括一个有88项研究,近10 000名参与者。 |
| 39 | They landed on the same conclusion. | 他们降落在同一个结论。 |
| 40 | Expansive versus contractive posture | 昂贵与萎缩态势 |
| 41 | affects how powerful or powerless we feel. | 影响我们感受的强大或无力 |
| 42 | The behaviors and the hormones were more complicated, | 行为和激素比较复杂 |
| 43 | and there were nonreplications. | 并且没有重复。 |
| 44 | In the science that I was trained in by my dear advisor, | 在被我亲爱的顾问训练的科学中 |
| 45 | that would have led to constructive and friendly inquiries, | 本来可以进行建设性和友好的调查, |
| 46 | collaborations to figure out what was different about these studies. | 合作找出这些研究的不同之处。 |
| 47 | Were there moderators that affected why you got this effect | 如果有主持人 影响 为什么你得到这个效果 |
| 48 | and we got this effect? | 我们得到了这个效果? |
| 49 | Science should interrogate itself. | 科学应该审问自己。 |
| 50 | That is how knowledge advances. | 这就是知识进步的方式。 |
| 51 | That should happen. | 这应该发生。 |
| 52 | But that's not what happened in my case. | 但我的情况并非如此 |
| 53 | Science didn't interrogate itself. | 科学没有审问自己. |
| 54 | It stopped itself, | 它停了下来 |
| 55 | and it silenced a scientist, | 它使一个科学家沉默, |
| 56 | a junior scientist who also had a lot of other research | 一个初级科学家,他也有许多其他的研究 |
| 57 | on stereotyping and prejudice and intergroup relations. | 定型观念和偏见以及群体间关系。 |
| 58 | Two tenured Ivy League professors told a New York Times reporter | 两个终身的常春藤联盟教授告诉纽约时报记者 |
| 59 | that they would have defended me publicly | 他们会公开地为我辩护 |
| 60 | had they not been afraid of becoming targets themselves. | 如果他们不怕成为目标的话 |
| 61 | Friends wrote privately, | 朋友私下写道: |
| 62 | I'm so sorry this is happening to you, these guys are horrible, | 我很抱歉这发生在你身上, 这些家伙是可怕的, |
| 63 | but wouldn't look at me publicly. | 但不会公开看着我 |
| 64 | I couldn't eat. | 我吃不下东西 |
| 65 | I didn't sleep. | 我没睡 |
| 66 | I worked all the time defending myself from constantly incoming attacks, | 我一直在保护自己免受不断袭击 |
| 67 | nonstop, relentless. | 不停的,无情的。 |
| 68 | It was very hard to be present for my son and my husband. | 我的儿子和丈夫很难出席 |
| 69 | I'm sorry. | 对不起 |
| 70 | And I chose to walk away from my job at Harvard | 我选择离开我在哈佛的工作 |
| 71 | a year before going up for tenure, | 在上任前一年, |
| 72 | not because I was forced to, | 不是因为我被迫, |
| 73 | but because I knew that staying meant certain death. | 但因为我知道留下意味着死亡 |
| 74 | And so eventually, | 所以最终 |
| 75 | I tried to take my own life twice, | 我试过两次自杀 |
| 76 | because this kind of bullying | 因为这种欺负 |
| 77 | is simultaneously this horrible public spectacle of shame | 同时是这种可怕的公众耻辱 |
| 78 | where you're in a spotlight, | 在你的聚光灯, |
| 79 | and at the same time, | 同时, |
| 80 | it's a total erasure of who you are and what you've done. | 它是一个完全消除 你是谁,你做了什么。 |
| 81 | Many targets don't survive. | 许多目标无法存活. |
| 82 | And I do want to say before I go forward to the targets, | 在进入目标之前 我想说 |
| 83 | I understand. | 我理解,我懂你说什么 |
| 84 | I see you, and I know that what seems incredible happened. | 我看到你,我知道 似乎不可思议的事情发生了。 |
| 85 | But this is not a talk about despair. | 但这不是在谈论绝望。 |
| 86 | This is a talk about earned hope. | 这是关于赢得希望的谈话。 |
| 87 | I've been a social psychologist for 25 years, | 我当社会心理学家25年了 |
| 88 | studying the forces that affect how we treat each other and judge each other. | 研究影响我们如何对待对方和判断对方的力量. |
| 89 | But I've spent the last eight focused on how cruelty becomes collective, | 但我过去八次都专注于 残酷如何变成集体 |
| 90 | how truth becomes distorted, | 真理是如何被歪曲的, |
| 91 | how people decide that one person should be pushed out of the group, | 人们如何决定一个人应该被赶出团体, |
| 92 | but also, more importantly, | 还有,更重要的是, |
| 93 | what are the things that we can do | 我们能做什么? |
| 94 | to prevent those cultures from taking hold before they harden. | 防止这些文化在硬化之前扎根。 |
| 95 | And what I've learned is this. | 我学到的就是这个 |
| 96 | First, bullying is not conflict. | 第一,欺凌不是冲突。 |
| 97 | It's not a debate. | 这不是辩论。 |
| 98 | It's not criticism. | 这不是批评。 |
| 99 | It's not humor that you're too sensitive to take well. | 这不是幽默,你太敏感 采取好。 |
| 100 | It is a deliberately targeted, | 它是一个蓄意的目标, |
| 101 | serial-escalating pattern of attacks carried out by multiple people, | 多人发动的连环式升级攻击, |
| 102 | and it's intended to destroy a person's reputation | 并打算破坏一个人的名誉 |
| 103 | and their ability to contribute. | 以及他们的贡献能力。 |
| 104 | It unfolds in predictable stages, | 它在可预见的阶段展开, |
| 105 | and it usually ends with someone being completely silenced | 通常结束于有人被完全沉默 |
| 106 | or disappearing completely. | 或者彻底消失 |
| 107 | This is really important. | 这很重要 |
| 108 | Bullies are rare. | 欺负是罕见的。 |
| 109 | They're rare. | 他们是罕见的。 |
| 110 | Most of us are not bullies. | 我们大多数人都不是恶霸。 |
| 111 | Bullies share one thing, a worldview. | 欺负者分享一件事,世界观。 |
| 112 | In their worldview, the world is hostile, | 在他们的世界观中,世界充满敌意, |
| 113 | people are fundamentally bad, | 人根本是坏人, |
| 114 | everything of value is scarce. | 所有有价值的东西都很少。 |
| 115 | It's all zero-sum. | 皆为零和. |
| 116 | Your achievement is their loss. | 你的成就是他们的损失。 |
| 117 | They have an insatiable need for recognition and status and dominance, | 他们对承认、地位和支配地位有着无厌的需求, |
| 118 | and they prove their dominance by publicly demonstrating | 他们通过公开示威来证明他们的统治地位, |
| 119 | that they can force a target, a valuable target, | 他们可以强迫一个目标 一个有价值的目标, |
| 120 | to fully submit. | 将完全提交。 |
| 121 | That's what bullying is. | 欺负之谓也. |
| 122 | Bullying has been on the rise among adults for the last 15 years. | 在过去15年中,成年人中欺凌现象不断加剧。 |
| 123 | Digital platforms make bullying faster, easier, louder, | 数字平台让欺凌更快,更容易,更大声, |
| 124 | and the bully's lies last forever now. | 恶霸的谎言会永远存在 |
| 125 | So what do we do? | 那怎么办? |
| 126 | The first thing to understand is that bullies need us. | 首先要明白的是恶霸需要我们 |
| 127 | Bullies need an audience. | 欺负者需要观众 |
| 128 | They need people to carry out their agenda. | 他们需要人来完成他们的议程。 |
| 129 | When we just watch and remain silent, | 当我们只是看 并保持缄默, |
| 130 | we're what I call passive bystanders. | 我们就是所谓的被动旁观者 |
| 131 | When we join in and amplify and share and attack, | 当我们加入,扩大,分享和攻击, |
| 132 | we're what I call accessory bullies. | 我们就是所谓的从犯恶霸 |
| 133 | But if we refuse our participation, | 但如果我们拒绝参与 |
| 134 | a lone bully is impotent. | 孤独的欺负是无能的。 |
| 135 | Without us, a bully is impotent. | 没有我们,恶霸是无能的。 |
| 136 | Second, we need to learn to spot the opening. | 其次,我们需要学习 发现开放。 |
| 137 | When we get in early, we can totally derail this. | 等我们早点到来 就能完全脱离轨道 |
| 138 | It starts with what I call a bully test. | 从我所说的欺负测试开始 |
| 139 | The bully tests the audience | 恶霸考验观众 |
| 140 | to see if they can get away with bullying that person. | 看看他们能不能逃脱欺负他 |
| 141 | It might be a really inappropriate comment in a professional setting, | 这可能是一个非常不恰当的评论 在专业环境下, |
| 142 | or it might be an accusation against someone that's reputation-destroying | 也可能是对名誉受损的人的指控 |
| 143 | but not backed by evidence. | 但没有证据支持。 |
| 144 | When we hear those things and we stay silent or we laugh, | 当我们听到那些东西, 我们保持沉默或我们笑, |
| 145 | we're just saying to the bully, | 我们只是对恶霸说 |
| 146 | go forward, | 前进 |
| 147 | and that's when they launch their attack. | 这时他们发动攻击。 |
| 148 | We also need to practice social bravery, | 我们还需要实践社会勇气, |
| 149 | these small risks that we take to defend each other, | 这些小风险,我们为保卫彼此, |
| 150 | to support each other interpersonally. | 在人际关系上互相支持 |
| 151 | And social bravery is risky, | 社会勇气是危险的, |
| 152 | so we need to distribute the risk across people. | 因此我们需要在人们中分配风险。 |
| 153 | We need to do it together. | 我们需要一起做。 |
| 154 | It is so much easier for two people to do it | 两个人做就容易多了 |
| 155 | than for one person to do it. | 而不是一个人来做 |
| 156 | When one bystander steps in in a way that's noticeable, | 当一个旁观者走进一个明显的方式, |
| 157 | others step in. | 其他人进来 |
| 158 | And we know from research on changing social conventions | 我们从改变社会习俗的研究中得知 |
| 159 | that when about 25 percent of people step in, | 当大约25%的人介入, |
| 160 | they can flip a social norm completely. | 他们可以完全推翻社会规范。 |
| 161 | Bullying is not a personal problem, it's a collective problem. | 欺负不是个人问题,而是集体问题. |
| 162 | And we can fix it. | 我们可以修复它。 |
| 163 | So after eight years of writing this book, | 所以在写这本书八年后 |
| 164 | I turned it in a few months ago. | 我几个月前就交了 |
| 165 | Right after that, | 紧接着 |
| 166 | I traveled to Greeley, Colorado, | 我去过科罗拉多州格里利 |
| 167 | a small city in the high plains | 在高原上是一个小城市, |
| 168 | that was raw, | 这是生的, |
| 169 | politically divided, on edge. | 政治分裂,边缘. |
| 170 | I could feel the vigilance in the air when I looked at them. | 当我看着他们时 我能感觉到空中的警觉 |
| 171 | I spoke about personal power and trust, | 我谈到个人的力量和信任, |
| 172 | and at the end, | 最终, |
| 173 | the moderator said, | 主持人说, |
| 174 | her last question to me was this, she said, | 她最后的问题就是,她说, |
| 175 | is there one piece of leadership advice | 有一条领导建议 |
| 176 | that you haven't really shared? | 你还没有真正分享? |
| 177 | And I said, yeah, | 我说,是的, |
| 178 | we'll never win by bullying the bullies. | 我们永远也赢不了欺负欺负者 |
| 179 | We cannot validate their worldview. | 我们不能验证他们的世界观。 |
| 180 | As soon as we tell them that the world has to be brutal, | 只要我们告诉他们世界必须残酷 |
| 181 | they say, see, | 他们说,你看, |
| 182 | that's why I have to behave this way. | 这就是为什么我必须这样做。 |
| 183 | I told them, | 我告诉他们, |
| 184 | you don't have to show how much you can hate | 你不必显示你有多讨厌 |
| 185 | to prove how much you care, | 为了证明你有多在乎 |
| 186 | or to prove that you belong. | 或者证明你的归属 |
| 187 | And I looked out, | 我看着, |
| 188 | and I saw their shoulders relax. | 我看见他们的肩膀放松了 |
| 189 | I saw a flicker of hope in their faces. | 我看到他们脸上闪烁着希望 |
| 190 | I felt them collectively exhale. | 我感觉到他们一起呼气 |
| 191 | And the next day, a woman wrote to me, | 第二天 一个女人写信给我 |
| 192 | and she said, | 她说, |
| 193 | I was at your talk, | 我在你说话时 |
| 194 | and I noticed something interesting as I left the venue. | 我离开会场时注意到一些有趣的事 |
| 195 | The crowd was unusually cheerful and courteous. | 人群异常欢喜和礼貌。 |
| 196 | Several drive aisles wove together toward the exits, | 几个开车的过道 一起向出口弯曲 |
| 197 | and everyone was alternating and letting each other in. | 大家都在交替让对方进来 |
| 198 | No one was saying with their actions | 没有人说他们的行为 |
| 199 | that they were more important than another person. | 他们比别人更重要 |
| 200 | I just wanted to share the observation | 我只是想分享一下观察 |
| 201 | that you made an immediate, positive and tangible difference. | 你们立即产生了积极和切实的变化。 |
| 202 | We want to be neighbors again. | 我们想再次成为邻居。 |
| 203 | We want to go to our kids' friends' birthday parties | 我们想去我们孩子的朋友的生日派对 |
| 204 | and not worry about an explosion. | 不用担心爆炸 |
| 205 | We don't want to have to show how much we hate | 我们不需要展示我们有多讨厌 |
| 206 | to prove how much we care. | 证明我们有多在乎 |
| 207 | Bullies' power is borrowed power, | 恶霸的力量是借来的 |
| 208 | and we can refuse to give it to them. | 我们可以拒绝给他们。 |
| 209 | We all have access to personal power, | 我们都有机会获得个人权力, |
| 210 | and with that personal power, | 以这种个人力量, |
| 211 | we can commit small acts of social bravery, | 我们可以做一些小的 社会勇敢的行为, |
| 212 | supporting each other, | 互相扶持, |
| 213 | challenging bullies. | 挑战恶霸。 |
| 214 | So I invite you, please, to join me. | 所以我邀请你,请加入我。 |
| 215 | Let's find that collective power and turn bullying around. | 让我们找到集体的力量 并扭转欺凌。 |
| 216 | And one more thing. | 还有一件事 |
| 217 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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