【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗

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P1 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p01 1. 【英文字幕】Tamzin Lent_Can not(1_6) (P1)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p01 1. 【英文字幕】Tamzin Lent_Can not(1_6) (P1)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 17:15

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:09	With that, the motion before the House tonight is this House believes that feminism cannot be capitalist.	因此,今晚众议院面前的动议是本议院认为女性主义不能是资本主义.
0:14	I look to the first speaker, Thompson Lent, Secretary's Committee, St. Peter's College, to open the case for the proposition.	我期待第一位发言者、圣彼得学院秘书委员会Thompson Lent为这一提议开脱。
0:30	Ladies and gentlemen, in a couple months, I'm probably going to be the most hated woman on the internet.	女士们先生们 几个月后 我可能会成为网上最讨厌的女人
0:38	I don't know if you know this, but these videos are uploaded onto YouTube,	我不知道你是否知道这些 但是这些视频被上传到YouTube上
0:42	and on the internet, the antithesis of the cute cat videos you see is women talking about feminism.	在网络上, 可爱的猫视频的反面是 女人谈论女性主义。
0:50	So thank you, Madam President, for giving me the opportunity to speak tonight and to put my life on the line like this.	因此,主席女士,感谢你给我机会,让我今晚发言,使我的生命走上这条线。
0:58	Feminism strives for the social, political and economic equality of the sexes.	女权主义力求实现两性平等。
1:05	Capitalism is predicated on privatisation, exploitation and inequality.	资本主义的前提是私有化、剥削和不平等。
1:12	Equality is impossible in an inherently unequal capitalist society, which is based upon the principle that no one is equal.	在一个固有的不平等的资本主义社会中,平等是不可能的,而资本主义社会的基础是人人平等的原则。
1:23	You cannot be simultaneously feminist and capitalist.	你不能同时是女权主义和资本主义

展开字幕全文（148 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	With that, the motion before the House tonight is this House believes that feminism cannot be capitalist.	因此,今晚众议院面前的动议是本议院认为女性主义不能是资本主义.
2	I look to the first speaker, Thompson Lent, Secretary's Committee, St. Peter's College, to open the case for the proposition.	我期待第一位发言者、圣彼得学院秘书委员会Thompson Lent为这一提议开脱。
3	Ladies and gentlemen, in a couple months, I'm probably going to be the most hated woman on the internet.	女士们先生们 几个月后 我可能会成为网上最讨厌的女人
4	I don't know if you know this, but these videos are uploaded onto YouTube,	我不知道你是否知道这些 但是这些视频被上传到YouTube上
5	and on the internet, the antithesis of the cute cat videos you see is women talking about feminism.	在网络上, 可爱的猫视频的反面是 女人谈论女性主义。
6	So thank you, Madam President, for giving me the opportunity to speak tonight and to put my life on the line like this.	因此,主席女士,感谢你给我机会,让我今晚发言,使我的生命走上这条线。
7	Feminism strives for the social, political and economic equality of the sexes.	女权主义力求实现两性平等。
8	Capitalism is predicated on privatisation, exploitation and inequality.	资本主义的前提是私有化、剥削和不平等。
9	Equality is impossible in an inherently unequal capitalist society, which is based upon the principle that no one is equal.	在一个固有的不平等的资本主义社会中,平等是不可能的,而资本主义社会的基础是人人平等的原则。
10	You cannot be simultaneously feminist and capitalist.	你不能同时是女权主义和资本主义
11	Such a position is not simply an inconsistency in views, it is a contradiction in terms.	这一立场不仅仅是观点上的不一致,而是相互矛盾的。
12	But I stand here, seeming to embody the very paradox I am urging cannot logically exist.	但我站在这里,似乎体现了我所敦促的非常自相矛盾的逻辑上是不存在的。
13	I call myself a feminist, I live in a capitalist society,	我自称是女权主义者 我生活在资本主义社会
14	and I probably spent as much time deciding what to wear tonight as I did writing this speech.	我可能花了很多时间决定今晚穿什么 和我写这篇演讲一样
15	But even though we are entangled in capitalism, feminism cannot be capitalist.	但是,即使我们陷入资本主义的纠缠之中,女权主义也不能是资本主义.
16	As I will show tonight, if we lean in to the corrupt system,	正如我今晚所显示的 如果我们倚靠腐败的系统
17	we are complicit in the very exploitative structures that we are seeking to undo.	我们同心协力于我们正试图消除的极具剥削性的结构。
18	Feminism reimagines a future based on principles of equality, justice and liberty.	女权主义在平等、正义和自由原则的基础上重新塑造未来。
19	But these redistributive ideals are fundamentally incompatible with the inequality capitalism necessitates.	但是,这些再分配的理想与资本主义所必须的不平等根本不符。
20	So not only is the idea of capitalist feminism an oxymoron, it is deeply destructive to feminism.	因此,资本主义女权主义思想不仅是一种矛盾,对女权主义具有深刻的破坏性.
21	Feminism isn't about elevating a few women to positions of power.	女权主义并不在于提升少数女性担任权力职务.
22	It's not about giving women a seat at the table.	这不是要让女人坐在桌子上
23	It's about dismantling the table and building a new one altogether.	是要拆桌子,盖个新桌子
24	So we can't just break the glass ceiling.	所以我们不能只是打破玻璃天花板。
25	We need to bring down the building those glinting phallic skyscrapers with their lofty CEOs, like really,	我们需要把大楼 闪闪发光的花瓶式摩天大楼 与他们的崇高的CEO, 像真的,
26	and CEOs who sit up there looking down on people sleeping in cardboard on city streets.	和坐在上面的首席执行官 看着在城市街上睡纸板的人
27	As long as there are poor women serving you at the dinner table,	只要有可怜的女人在餐桌上为你服务
28	as long as there are poor women cleaning your toilets or working in factories for 44p an hour	只要有穷女人在洗你的厕所 或是在工厂工作 每小时44p
29	to make your feminist AF t-shirts, it doesn't matter how far you are leaning in in the executive suite.	让你的女权主义者AFT恤, 它并不重要 你倾斜多远 在行政套房。
30	Actions speak louder than t-shirts, so I urge you to vote for the proposition tonight	行动胜过T恤,所以我敦促你今晚投票支持提案
31	and to show your imaginative capacity, because capitalism has no place in the future that feminism reimagines.	并展示你的想象力, 因为资本主义没有位置 在未来的女权主义再造。
32	My argument can be broken down into three key points.	我的论点可以分为三个要点。
33	Firstly, capitalism is predicated on the commodification of human bodies, primarily in the form of labour.	首先,资本主义的前提是人体商品化,主要是劳动形式。
34	The system was designed entirely for men by men.	该系统完全由男子设计。
35	The system itself inherently, not just superficially, favours the fruits of male labour	制度本身不仅表面,而且本质上有利于男性劳动的成果。
36	and allows them to amass power in a way that women simply can't.	并允许她们以女性无法的方式集聚力量。
37	Secondly, feminism wouldn't be feminism unless it shows a deep suspicion of power,	第二,女性主义不会是女性主义,除非它表现出对权力的深刻怀疑,
38	something all of us at the Union are perhaps too familiar with.	我们这个联盟的人也许都太熟悉了。
39	So feminism can't be about giving a few women an elevated position within the system.	所以女权主义不可能是让少数女性在系统内获得更高的职位.
40	Feminism is necessarily pluralist.	女性主义必然是多元化的。
41	It's about fighting for equality for everyone,	是为人人争取平等
42	regardless of their gender, sex, race, ethnicity or religion.	不论性别、性别、种族、族裔或宗教。
43	Thirdly, how can equality and justice ever mean anything in a valueless society?	第三,在一个无价值的社会中,平等和正义怎么会意味着什么?
44	Feminism itself is hijacked under capitalism, because capitalism says to us,	女权主义本身在资本主义统治下被劫持 因为资本主义对我们说
45	if we believe in it, why can't we just buy it?	如果我们相信它, 为什么我们不能只买它?
46	But firstly, the great pleasure falls upon me to introduce the opposition speakers in tonight's debate.	但首先,我非常高兴在今晚的辩论中介绍反对派发言人。
47	Opening the case of the opposition is my dear friend, Viren Shetty.	我亲爱的朋友维伦·谢蒂 揭开了反对派的罪名
48	Instead of making the conventional, disparaging joke,	而不是做传统的,贬低性的笑话,
49	I'm simply going to say that I look forward to the profound insights into female oppression	我只想说,我期待着对女性压迫的深刻见解
50	and societal inequality of a first-year male Hispol student from Christchurch.	以及来自克赖斯特彻奇的一年级男性Hispol学生的社会不平等。
51	You'll then hear from Kate Andrews, the economics correspondent at The Spectator,	然后,你会听到凯特安德鲁斯, 经济学通讯员 在《观察家》,
52	who was previously Associate Director of the IEA, which calls itself a free market think tank.	他之前是国际能源机构协理主任 自称自由市场智库
53	Nothing says free market think tank like being registered as a charity	自由市场智库就跟慈善机构一样
54	but being funded by the tobacco industry.	但由烟草业资助。
55	Am I right, Kate?	我说的对吗,凯特?
56	Finally, closing the case of the opposition is Theodore McCloskey,	最后,结束 反对派的案件是西奥多·麦克洛斯基,
57	Professor of Economics, History, English and Communications at the University of Illinois	伊利诺伊大学经济学、历史、英语和通信教授
58	and author of Why Liberalism Works.	以及"为什么自由主义工程"的作者.
59	McCloskey argues that we should replace the word capitalism with innovatism.	McCloskey认为我们应该用创新主义取代资本主义一词。
60	And I mean, I'm pretty sure we can McClose the case here.	我的意思是,我敢肯定, 我们可以麦克洛斯这里的案子。
61	Madame President, these are your speakers, and they are, of course, most welcome.	总统女士,这些是您的演讲者,当然他们非常受欢迎。
62	So tonight, I'm going to argue that women will always just be cogs in a wheel in a capitalist system,	因此,今晚,我要去争论 女人永远只是 轮子在资本主义体系,
63	a system designed by men for men.	由男子为男子设计的系统。
64	Capitalism is structured on exchange, and typically the exchange of women who circulate as property,	资本主义的结构是交换, 典型的交换妇女 作为财产流通,
65	literally given away from father to husband as a fetishised commodity.	将父亲交给丈夫 作为一种迷信商品
66	We can see this in the fact that marital rape wasn't even a crime in England until 1991, or America until 1993.	我们可以看到这一点,因为婚内强奸在英国甚至直到1991年,在美国直到1993年都不算犯罪.
67	You couldn't rape your wife like you couldn't burgle your own home.	你不能强奸你的妻子 就像你打扫自己的家一样
68	Capitalism measures individuals by their productivity output.	资本主义以个人的生产力产出来衡量个人.
69	Humans are alienated, turned into profit and commodified.	人类被疏远,变成利润和商品化.
70	So what isn't economically productive has no value.	因此,没有经济生产力的东西就没有价值.
71	Let's look at the implications of this.	让我们来看看这个影响。
72	It means, in capitalism, child rearing has no value.	这意味着,在资本主义中,抚养子女没有价值。
73	I don't want to live in a society where all I am valued for is how many days I can work.	我不想生活在一个我所珍视的社会里 就是我能工作多少天
74	Does it really make sense that if I go on maternity leave, I am seen to have negative value?	如果我休产假,那真的有意义吗?
75	Or does capitalism just value the wrong things?	还是资本主义只是重视错误的东西?
76	Feminism is about seeing another type of value than bodies' economic productivity, human value.	女性主义是指看到另一种价值,而不是身体的经济生产力,人的价值.
77	It's about envisioning a system in which we can have zero economic worth whatsoever,	这是关于设想一个系统, 在这个系统中,我们可以 零经济价值无论,
78	but we'd still have value as people.	但我们还是有价值的人。
79	What capitalism does is it compounds inequality.	资本主义所做的就是加剧不平等。
80	If women are paid an average of 72 cents for every dollar paid to men,	如果妇女每付给男子一美元平均得到72美分的报酬,
81	according to capitalist economics, women are only able to produce about 70% of what a man can.	根据资本主义经济学,妇女只能生产男人力所能及的70%。
82	So if you side with the opposition, are you accepting that a woman is only able to produce 70% of what a man is worth?	所以,如果你站在反对派一边,你是否接受一个女人只能生产出一个男人价值的70%?
83	Are you saying it is justified that compared to a white man's dollar, the white women make 72 cents,	你是说和白人相比 白人女人挣72美分是有理由的
84	an African-American woman 64 cents, and a Hispanic woman 56 cents?	非裔美国人64美分,西班牙裔56美分?
85	I mean, to address this fault and market failure, the government has had to intervene.	为了解决这个错误和市场失灵 政府不得不介入
86	And government intervention is fundamentally at odds with free market capitalism.	政府干预与自由市场资本主义是根本对立的。
87	And even this fails, because capitalism will always exploit loopholes for profit.	即使这样也是失败的,因为资本主义总会利用漏洞牟利.
88	Since the Equal Pay Act of 1970, it has been illegal to pay different amounts of money to people for the same job.	自1970年《同酬法》颁布以来,向从事同一工作的人支付不同数额的钱是非法的。
89	But the inequality gap has widened since then.	但自那时以来,不平等的差距有所扩大。
90	Clearly, capitalist feminism has been and always will be irrelevant to poor women,	显然,资本主义女权主义过去和将来都与贫穷妇女无关,
91	women of colour, queer women, trans women, and the working class.	有色人种、同性恋、变性人和工人阶级
92	And that's why intersectionality is so critical to feminism.	这就是为什么交叉性对女性主义如此关键。
93	Because if it only works for a few women who come out on top, it won't work at all.	因为如果只有几个女人能从上面出来 根本行不通
94	Feminists have to be pluralists, given the historical exclusion of women.	鉴于历史上妇女被排斥在外,女权主义者必须是多元化的。
95	We have to fight for everyone.	我们必须为所有人而战。
96	And so, my second point is that women in power are too often palatable figureheads for corrupt corporations.	因此,我的第二点是,掌权的妇女 常常是腐败公司的好人物。
97	If a company behaves absolutely terribly, but its director is a woman, is that really still feminism?	如果一个公司的行为非常恶劣,但它的董事是女性,那真的还是女性主义吗?
98	Will having a few more women on the boards of JP Morgan or Goldman Sachs lead to any real change?	在JP摩根或高盛的董事会中再多几个女性会带来任何真正的改变吗?
99	Or is it actually something much more sinister?	还是更邪恶的东西?
100	A hoax to cover up the reality that they materially disadvantage hundreds of thousands of women?	掩盖他们实际上使数十万妇女处于不利地位的现实?
101	Should we really celebrate the fact that the head of the CIA is now female?	我们真的应该庆祝 中情局的负责人现在是女性吗?
102	Surely Gina Haspel, who once oversaw torture at a black site in Thailand, is not a feminist icon, but just a glorified water boarder?	当然吉娜·哈斯佩尔曾经在泰国一个黑地方监督酷刑,
103	Should we really celebrate the fact that four of the five largest defence companies in America are run by women,	如果我们真的庆幸美国五大国防公司中有四家由女性经营,
104	and forget about the women their bombs are being dropped on?	忘记那些女人 他们的炸弹被投在身上?
105	We need to avoid making the fatal error of saying that a woman who is successful is synonymous with a feminist.	我们必须避免说一个成功的女人是女权主义者的同义词的致命错误。
106	By that formula, Margaret Thatcher, who in 11 years promoted only one woman to her cabinet,	按照这个公式,玛格丽特·撒切尔 在11年里,她只提拔了一个女人进入她的内阁,
107	would be called a feminist just because she was in a position of power and wore handbags and power seats.	被称作女权主义者 只是因为她处于权力的地位 并穿着手提包和权力座位。
108	We're meant to be inspired by Madeleine Albright, who broke the glass ceiling by becoming the first female Secretary of State,	我们的灵感来自玛德琳·奥尔布赖特 他打破了玻璃天花板 成为首位女性国务卿
109	and just ignore the fact that she excused the death of half a million Iraqi children by saying it was worth it.	却无视她为50万伊拉克儿童的死亡辩解的事实,说这是值得的。
110	Nowhere does it say that being a feminist is being a woman in power.	没有任何地方说,当女权主义者就是当权妇女。
111	The girl boss strand of feminism fails.	女权主义的女老大失败了
112	Hillary Clinton tried for change within a political system, but she was trumped by a misogynist.	希拉里·克林顿试图在政治体制内进行变革,但她被一个厌恶女性主义者所征服.
113	When we obsess over getting women into powerful positions, we are just missing the point.	当我们沉迷于让女性进入强势位置时,我们只是忽略了重点。
114	It is impossible to change through reforming the institutional system.	改革体制体制是不可能改变的。
115	We can't just add women and stir them into the mix.	我们不能只是增加女人 和刺激她们进入混合。
116	We need to change it up from the bottom.	我们需要改变它 从下。
117	So as I come to my last point, I want to ask you, how can equality and justice ever mean anything in a valueless society?	所以当我说到最后一点时,我想问你,平等和正义在一个无价值的社会中怎么会意味着什么?
118	Capitalism has no values except profit.	资本主义除了利润之外没有价值.
119	So if exploitation generates profit, profit will always be made regardless.	因此,如果剥削产生利润,无论怎样,利润总是会实现的.
120	From the exploitative porn industry, to advertisements, to strip bars, to cigarettes,	从剥削色情业,到广告, 脱衣舞酒吧,到香烟,
121	capitalism churns out negative consumption externalities because cash rules not people.	资本主义消除了消极的消费外在因素,因为现金不统治人。
122	We are taunted by the fact that feminism itself is commodified,	我们对女性主义本身被商品化的事实感到沮丧,
123	exploited by companies which pretend to promote feminism, but really only profit from it.	被那些假装提倡女权主义的公司所利用,但实际上只能从中获利.
124	这是女权主义者的T恤 取自Ngozi Adichie的Ted Talk的引文 由Dior收回并商业化
125	was made in a Mauritian sweatshop by women earning 62 pence an hour.	在毛里求斯一家血汗工厂,妇女每小时挣62便士。
126	There's a poignancy to Beyonce saying bow down bitches.	碧昂丝有个诗人说要跪下婊子
127	Given her sportswear brand is produced in factories employing mostly women who earn less than 44 pence an hour.	鉴于她的运动服品牌是在工厂生产的,雇用的主要是每小时收入不到44便士的妇女。
128	Natalie Portman's recent dress protest might have made headlines, but she was just playing another role as a feminist.	娜塔莉·波特曼(Natalie Portman)近期的着装抗议活动可能会成为头条新闻,但她只是扮演了另一个女权主义者的角色.
129	Given that she had barely worked with any female directors herself, we can see the hypocrisy of capitalist feminism.	鉴于她本人几乎没有与任何女性导演合作,我们可以看到资本主义女性主义的虚伪.
130	So if we subscribe to Sandra Bullock or Reese Witherspoon's crusade to make as many millions of dollars as their male costars,	因此,如果我们订阅桑德拉·布洛克或里斯·威瑟斯庞的"十字军东征" 以创造与他们的男性成本一样的数百万美元,
131	in the name of feminism we subscribe to our own subjugation.	以女性主义的名义 我们赞同自己的征服
132	Corporate feminism, trickle down feminism, white feminism, whatever you want to call it,	公司女性主义, 滴滴下来女性主义, 白色女性主义, 无论你想称之为它,
133	capitalist feminism will always be counterproductive to feminism.	资本主义女权主义永远对女权主义产生反作用.
134	It distills feminism into hashtags like girl power, slaps it onto slogan t-shirts,	它把女性主义提炼成 女孩的力量等标签, 扇它到标语T恤,
135	commodifies it and sells it to us through white wealthy women who claim feminism as their own brand.	将它商品化,并通过白人富妇将它卖给我们,她们声称女性主义是自己的品牌.
136	The girl bosses and the CEO's are not only a mockery of feminism,	女老板和首席执行官 不仅仅是对女性主义的嘲弄
137	they are part of the ploy of the patriarchy to edge out real feminist movements going on in places like Lebanon or Chile.	他们成为保皇党策略的一部分, 以排挤真正的女权运动 在黎巴嫩或智利。
138	Ladies and gentlemen, the idea of capitalist feminism is a sham, it's a distraction.	女士们,先生们,资本主义女权主义的思想是虚伪的,是分散注意力的.
139	Like the YouTube comments on this video will likely focus on anything other than what I'm actually saying,	就像YouTube对这段视频的评论 可能关注我所说的话以外的一切
140	capitalist feminism focuses on raising salaries for women to stop us questioning where that money comes from in the first place.	资本主义女权主义注重提高妇女工资,以阻止我们质疑这笔钱最初来自何处。
141	It's not feminism at all, it's a beautiful obfuscating trick of the patriarchy.	完全不是女权主义,而是父权主义的美丽迷惑诡计.
142	It is the reason why, a hundred years on from first wave feminism,	这就是为什么,一百年来 从第一波女性主义,
143	we can see that almost every significant social, political and cultural institution remains,	我们可以看到,几乎每一个重要的社会、政治和文化机构都仍然存在,
144	as it always has been, dominated by men.	正如它一直以来,以男人为主。
145	From comedy shows to courts, from politics to unions, except thankfully the Oxford Union.	从喜剧表演到法庭,从政治到工会,除了感谢牛津工会.
146	Look, I don't care what you call yourself, if you claim to fight for women's rights	听着 我不管你自称什么 如果你声称要争取女人的权利
147	while simultaneously supporting an economic system that exploits, denigrates and subjugates women,	同时支持剥削、诋毁和征服妇女的经济体系,
148	you are no girl boss to me.	对我来说你不是老大

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P3 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p03 2. 【英文字幕】Viren Shetty_CAN(2_6) (P3)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p03 2. 【英文字幕】Viren Shetty_CAN(2_6) (P3)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 14:39

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:08	We will now look to Vern Chatty, sponsorship officer of Christchurch, to open the case	我们现在要由克赖斯特彻奇的赞助官弗恩·查蒂来开案
0:13	for the opposition.	为反对派。
0:23	Thank you, Madam President, and thank you in particular for giving me, a man, a platform	主席女士,谢谢你,并特别感谢你给我,一个男人,一个平台
0:30	to speak in this feminism debate.	在这场女权主义辩论中发言。
0:33	I do think, however, that this debate is linked intrinsically to the role men play within	但我确实认为,这次辩论与男子在以下领域发挥的作用有着内在的联系:
0:39	feminism and the wider campaign for gender equality.	女性主义和更广泛的两性平等运动。
0:42	Feminism has long been associated with men giving up power or ceding control over institutions	长期以来,女性主义与男子放弃权力或放弃对机构的控制有关。
0:48	against their own interests.	违背他们自己的利益。
0:50	But I don't believe that feminism in today's capitalist system works like this.	但我不相信今天资本主义制度中的女权主义是这样的.
0:55	In today's highly individualistic and profit-driven society, the task given to feminists is to	在当今高度个性化和利润驱动的社会里,赋予女权主义者的任务是

展开字幕全文（181 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	We will now look to Vern Chatty, sponsorship officer of Christchurch, to open the case	我们现在要由克赖斯特彻奇的赞助官弗恩·查蒂来开案
2	for the opposition.	为反对派。
3	Thank you, Madam President, and thank you in particular for giving me, a man, a platform	主席女士,谢谢你,并特别感谢你给我,一个男人,一个平台
4	to speak in this feminism debate.	在这场女权主义辩论中发言。
5	I do think, however, that this debate is linked intrinsically to the role men play within	但我确实认为,这次辩论与男子在以下领域发挥的作用有着内在的联系:
6	feminism and the wider campaign for gender equality.	女性主义和更广泛的两性平等运动。
7	Feminism has long been associated with men giving up power or ceding control over institutions	长期以来,女性主义与男子放弃权力或放弃对机构的控制有关。
8	against their own interests.	违背他们自己的利益。
9	But I don't believe that feminism in today's capitalist system works like this.	但我不相信今天资本主义制度中的女权主义是这样的.
10	In today's highly individualistic and profit-driven society, the task given to feminists is to	在当今高度个性化和利润驱动的社会里,赋予女权主义者的任务是
11	give women enough agency and power to tap into their own profit-making ability.	给予妇女足够的权力和权力,使她们能够利用自己的盈利能力。
12	Whether this be by putting safety measures in place at work to prevent sexual abuse,	是否通过在工作场所采取安全措施防止性虐待,
13	getting rid of tampon taxes, or granting women the right to a safe and legal abortion, such	或给予妇女安全和合法堕胎的权利,例如
14	measures help women participate in the capitalist system which the proposition is so deptly criticising.	措施有助于妇女参与资本主义制度,而这种主张却令人发指。
15	In a society where women have the ability to create profit, therefore, it's in men's	因此,在一个妇女有能力创造利润的社会里,这是男人的
16	individual interests to engage both with women and the campaign for gender equality, to redress	个人利益与妇女参与和促进两性平等运动,以纠正
17	the imbalances in capitalism's current form.	资本主义目前形式的不平衡。
18	My first point tonight, therefore, is that capitalism has been good for feminism and	因此,我今晚的第一点是 资本主义对女性主义和
19	for the condition of women around the world.	为全世界妇女的状况服务。
20	If capitalism is a system where people are driven by profit, surely society, at least	如果资本主义是一种制度 人们被利润驱动, 肯定的社会,至少
21	in theory, surely it isn't in anyone's interests for 50% of the world's population to be suppressed	从理论上讲,全世界50%的人口被镇压,肯定不符合任何人的利益。
22	and their potential to be untapped.	以及他们的潜力。
23	Although very evidently this isn't the case in practice, this is where feminism comes	虽然很显然,实际情况并非如此,但这就是女性主义出现的地方
24	into play.	进入游戏。
25	This brings me on to my second point, that feminism can work to redress the power imbalances	这让我回到我的第二点, 女性主义可以解决权力不平衡
26	that exist within today's capitalist macrostructures.	在今天的资本主义宏观结构中存在
27	Feminism was born out of capitalism.	女权主义产生于资本主义.
28	Within societies where women's first desires were neither social nor political but economic.	在妇女最初愿望的社会里,既不是社会,也不是政治的,而是经济的。
29	I will show, therefore, that much of the progress made by feminism has been very compatible	因此,我要表明,女性主义取得的许多进展是相容的。
30	with capitalism and that future progress is too.	和资本主义, 未来的进步也是。
31	My third and final point is to step back from the motion and to look at what it implies.	我的第三点也是最后一点,就是从动议中退一步,看看它意味着什么。
32	In arguing that feminism cannot be capitalist, the proposition are arguing that being a feminist	主张女性主义不能成为资本主义,
33	forces you to place yourself on the left, departing from the traditional view of feminism	强迫你站在左侧 脱离传统的女性主义观点
34	as an ideology that sits above the political spectrum, which should be accepted by all.	作为一种意识形态,它凌驾于政治层面之上,应当为所有人所接受。
35	More dangerously, perhaps, the motion is telling women to curtail their ambition, trying to	更危险的是,也许这个动议是要求女性减少她们的野心,试图
36	dictate how successful they can and should aspire to be, by making them feel guilt for	让他们感到愧疚,从而决定他们能够并且应该期望获得多大的成功。
37	experiencing the same success as men.	和男人一样成功
38	Before I continue, however, it falls upon me to introduce the proposition speakers tonight.	然而,在我继续发言之前,我不得不在今晚介绍提议发言者。
39	You've just heard from Tamsin Lent, a first year English student at St Peter's College	你刚从Tamsin Lent那里听说 圣彼得学院的一年级英语学生
40	and a standout member of the Secretary's Committee.	并担任秘书委员会委员。
41	While Tamsin has decried capitalist feminism tonight, what she hasn't told you is that	虽然谭辛今晚谴责资本主义女权主义 但她没告诉你的是
42	she too was a victim of capitalist feminism when she paid £4 every month for Kylie Jenner's	她也是资本主义女权主义的受害者 她每月给凯莉・简纳4英镑
43	app, Kylie.	应用,凯莉。
44	This gave her access to make-up tutorials, Kylie's outfits, Kylie's favourite artists	这使得她有机会获得化妆辅导,凯莉的服装,凯莉最喜欢的艺术家.
45	and of course the Kardashian Jenner livestream.	当然还有卡戴珊的Jenner直播
46	Second is Louisa Brug, a second year PPist at Wadham College and Director of Press at	第二位是路易莎·布鲁格(Louisa Brug),是瓦德姆学院的第二年PPist,并担任新闻主任.
47	the Union.	联盟。
48	I recently found out that in Louisa's pastime she coaches the German school debating team.	我最近发现在路易莎的消遣中 她指导德国学校辩论队
49	Well, so you'll have to forgive her if her arguments put you to sleep tonight.	好吧,所以你必须原谅她 如果她的论点让你今晚睡觉。
50	Finally, we have Dr Nicole Ashef, sociologist, writer and author of The New Profits of Capital,	最后,我们有Nicole Ashef博士,社会学家,作家和《资本的新利润》的作者,
51	which challenges the assumptions of capitalist society, going as far as to challenge the	挑战资本主义社会的假设,甚至挑战
52	public's love of Oprah.	大众爱奥普拉.
53	I think I can safely say that this won't be winning her many supporters tonight.	我觉得我可以肯定地说,这不会赢得 她的许多支持者今晚。
54	Madam President, these are your guests and they are most welcome.	主席女士,这是你的客人,非常欢迎。
55	Capitalism is therefore, at least in theory, a system where private owners of business	因此,至少在理论上,资本主义是一种由私人企业所有者组成的制度。
56	and property are driven only by profit.	财产只能靠利润驱动
57	If we take today's high competitive, cut-throat globalised economy to be the most reflective	如果我们把今天的高竞争力, 断喉的全球化 经济是最反射
58	of this theorised version of capitalism that we've ever seen, then no wonder that to	我们从未见过的资本主义理论化版本
59	today's women are the freest and most equal than ever before.	今之妇人,比以往最自由,最平等.
60	As we've moved away from feudal modes of production, dismantling hierarchies based	随着我们脱离封建生产模式 拆除等级制度
61	around male primogeniture, capital has come to realise the wasted potential in having	资本已经认识到 浪费的潜力 拥有
62	50% of the population not participating in the economy.	50%的人口不参加经济活动.
63	The McKinsey Report, Diversity Matters, reveal that for every 10% increase in gender diversity	麦肯锡报告《多样性问题》显示,性别多样性每增加10%
64	in business, there's a 3.5% increase in profit.	在商业,利润增加3.5%。
65	We don't need an MBA to understand that employees want the best person for the job regardless	我们不需要一个MBA来理解员工需要最好的人选
66	of their gender and, shock horror, sometimes that person's a woman.	他们的性别, 震惊的恐怖, 有时那个人是一个女人。
67	Through the process of industrialisation and the experience of war, in the West we have	通过工业化进程和战争经验,我们在西方有
68	reached a position where 70% of women are working and the rates of men and women in	70%的妇女正在工作,而男子与妇女的比例
69	higher education are equal.	高等教育是平等的。
70	Within this population of working women, some have had extraordinary levels of success.	在这些劳动妇女中,有些取得了非凡的成功。
71	Ginny Romerty, CEO of IBM, controls a company worth over £140 billion.	IBM的首席执行官Ginny Romerty控制着一家价值超过1400亿英镑的公司.
72	Joakim Faye, born in a small village in Hunan province China and founder of Lens Technology,	约阿基姆·菲(Joakim Faye),出生于中国湖南省的一个小村庄,是伦斯科技的创始人,
73	is now worth a whopping $6 billion.	现在值60亿美元
74	The break the glass ceiling metaphor may be an overused one, but that doesn't make it	打破玻璃天花板的比喻可能被过度使用,但这并不说明
75	any less potent.	任何不那么强大的。
76	Even though these women lie at the very extreme of society, they reflect the scale of accomplishment	尽管这些妇女处于社会的极端地位,但是她们反映了成就的程度。
77	of women within capitalist society.	妇女在资本主义社会中的地位。
78	And these women, who have managed to make capitalism work for them, something which	而这些妇女, 他们设法使资本主义 为他们工作,
79	wouldn't have been possible very long ago.	不会是很久以前。
80	While you've heard from Tamsin that capitalism benefits only the top 1% of women, even if	虽然你从塔姆辛那里听说 资本主义只惠及女性的1%
81	we take a look at the other extreme, we can see that capitalism and the desire to work	我们看看另一个极端 我们可以看到资本主义 和工作的愿望
82	for profit has helped women lead their families out of poverty in developing nations.	在发展中国家,营利使妇女带领家庭摆脱贫穷。
83	It is the entrepreneurial spirit of women, working in the informal sector, setting up	在非正规部门工作的妇女的创业精神
84	small businesses but learning to be conscious of how they spend their money, which has brought	小企业,但是要学会如何花钱,这带来了
85	millions out of poverty.	数百万人摆脱了贫困。
86	Self-employed women, with control of their earnings, have the ability to make decisions	自营职业妇女控制其收入,有能力作出决定。
87	themselves about how to spend their money.	如何花他们的钱。
88	Instead of being dependent on a small proportion of their husband's earnings, they're given	与其依赖丈夫收入的一小部分,不如给他们
89	the agency to spend money as they choose from their children's schooling, education, clothes	他们从子女学校、教育、衣服中选择花钱的机构
90	and food.	还有食物
91	The Grameen Bank, founded in 1983 by Muhammad Yunus, is a microfinance organisation which	格拉明银行成立于1983年,由Muhammad Yunus创立,是一个小额供资组织,
92	provided over $29 billion in loans to poor borrowers without requiring collateral.	向贫穷借款人提供290多亿美元的贷款,不需要抵押。
93	Yunus credits the success of his organisation, which brought him a Nobel Peace Prize in 2006,	尤努斯称赞他的组织取得了成功,使他在2006年获得了诺贝尔和平奖.
94	with an approach which doesn't base itself on handouts and grants to women, but a system	其方法不以向女性施舍和赠款为基础,而是一种制度
95	where individuals feel an impetus to pay back loans and keep themselves eligible for future	* 个人感到有动力偿还贷款并保持其未来资格
96	ones.	这些
97	Both the bank and the individual women, therefore, are acting in the interests of capital and	因此,银行和妇女个人都为了资本和资产的利益采取行动。
98	profit within a capitalist framework, and it is this which has led to increased inequality	资本主义框架内的利润,正是这导致不平等加剧
99	in these areas.	在这些地区。
100	These examples of capitalism being good for feminism are evident, but it's also important	这些资本主义有利于女权主义的例子很明显,但同样重要的是
101	to note that sexism can exist without capitalism, and that communism and socialism haven't proven	并且共产主义和社会主义还没有证明
102	themselves to be better systems for tackling gender inequality whatsoever.	成为解决性别不平等问题的更好系统。
103	It's something that Yunus touches on when he criticises a system of handouts to poor	尤努斯批评向穷人施舍的系统时 会触及到这个问题
104	women and expecting this to miraculously bring them out of poverty.	妇女希望这能奇迹般地使她们摆脱贫困。
105	Creating a system, a bureaucracy run by men, in which individual agency is minimised gives	创建一个制度,一个由男子管理的官僚机构,其中将个别机构减少到最低限度
106	little hope for feminism and little scope for it to act.	女性主义的希望很小,它的行动空间也很小。
107	In a system where it's in men's interest to monopolise capital and they have the power	在一个体系中,如果垄断资本符合男人的利益,他们就拥有权力
108	and the ability to do so, women and feminism are stuck.	以及这样做的能力,妇女和女性主义被卡住了。
109	This brings me to my second point, that feminism works best in a capitalist society and is	这让我想到我的第二点, 女权主义在资本主义社会中最有效,并且是
110	needed to redress the balances in the current system.	需要纠正现行制度中的平衡。
111	To argue that today's form of capitalism is ideal for women would be ludicrous, and	认为今天的资本主义形式对妇女来说是理想的,是可笑的,
112	that all women have the agency to reach out and grab it if they choose.	所有女人都有主动权,如果她们选择的话,可以伸手抓住它。
113	Arguing that women choose to enter prostitution and accept depressed wages in menial jobs	认为妇女选择卖淫并接受低工资从事体力劳动
114	of their own volition is ignorant, and it's clear that even in a supposedly capitalist	他们的意志是无知的, 很明显,即使在一个所谓的资本主义
115	society, those in power are often motivated by things other than profit, and how their	社会,掌权者的动机 往往不是利润,
116	judgement is clouded by prejudice.	偏见使判决蒙上阴影。
117	However, feminism has done a lot to make capitalist structures work for women within the current	然而,在目前情况下,女性主义在使资本主义结构有利于妇女方面做了很多工作。
118	system.	系统。
119	These are women working within the current system to break it.	这些妇女是在现行制度内工作以打破这种制度。
120	In September 2009, Feminist City workers joined forces with the Fawcett Society to fight the	2009年9月,女权运动者城的工人与Fawcett协会联合起来,打击
121	encroachment of the sex industry into their working lives.	性产业对其工作生活的侵犯。
122	In January 2013, Sheryl Sandberg set up LeanIn.org, a website which enables successful business	2013年1月,谢里尔·桑德伯格(英语:Sheryl Sandberg)建立了LeanIn.org,该网站使得商业得以成功.
123	women to help other women achieve their goals.	妇女帮助其他妇女实现其目标。
124	In June 2019, the International Labour Organisation, at the behest of feminist NGOs, adopted a	2019年6月,国际劳工组织在女权主义非政府组织的授意下,通过了
125	treaty to establish global standards on workplace violence and harassment.	建立工作场所暴力和骚扰全球标准的条约。
126	These are all private initiatives undertaken by individual groups of women to make capitalism	这些都是个别妇女群体为制造资本主义而采取的私人举措。
127	work for them.	他们的工作。
128	They don't want to see their fellow women working in oppressive conditions feel unwelcome	他们不想看到同事在压迫性条件下工作 感到不受欢迎
129	in the workforce or uncomfortable due to the sexualisation of business.	在劳动力中,或因企业的性别化而不舒服。
130	And so they've decided to do something about it.	所以他们决定做点什么
131	I see the MeToo movement in a very similar light.	我看见MeToo运动的光线非常相似。
132	Yes, the old system was warped and waited in favour of men who had the power and the	是的,旧的制度被扭曲 等待的人谁有权力和
133	ability to exploit women beneath them in the pecking order.	能够利用她们下面的女人 在啄食顺序。
134	But it wasn't capitalism's fault.	但这不是资本主义的错。
135	It was the men who felt like they were untouchable.	是那些男人觉得他们是不可接触的
136	A boys' club where it was in everyone's interest to keep women out and not speak out.	一个男人的俱乐部 在那里,这是符合每个人的利益的 不让女人 而不说话。
137	Today, however, with more women in the workplace and in positions of power, and with more women	然而,如今,在工作场所和掌权岗位上的妇女人数有所增加,妇女的人数也有所增加。
138	with the financial capabilities to press charges against abusers, women are gaining back their	由于有能力对施虐者提出指控,妇女正在恢复其经济能力。
139	agency and are using capitalism to do so.	并正在利用资本主义这样做。
140	The rise of women taking control of capitalist power structures has been helped by government	妇女控制资本主义权力结构的崛起得到了政府的帮助。
141	legislation, giving women control of their own baby-making capacity, paid maternity leave	法律赋予妇女控制自己的生育能力,带薪产假
142	and moving towards a system where two working parents is the norm gives women the ability	并走向一个以双职工父母为规范的制度,使妇女有能力
143	to make choices about work, fertility and family life.	在工作、生育和家庭生活方面做出选择。
144	Such measures show how women can work with capitalism to make capitalism work for women.	这些措施表明妇女如何能够与资本主义合作,使资本主义为妇女服务。
145	So if women can make capitalism work for them, why should their feminism, their desire for	因此,如果妇女可以让资本主义为她们服务,为什么她们的女权主义,她们渴望
146	equal rights, force them to oppose the system?	平等的权利,强迫他们反对这个制度?
147	According to the motion at hand, feminism isn't pure or true unless it opposes the	根据目前的动议,女性主义不是纯洁的,也不是真实的,除非它反对
148	entire system.	整个系统
149	This is a dangerous road for feminism to go down.	这是一条危险的女权主义道路。
150	It gives feminism its place on the political spectrum, neatly placed as another left-wing	它赋予了女性主义在政治界的地位, 完美地定位为另一个左翼
151	ideology rather than the universal one it should aspire to be.	而不是它所期望的普遍性。
152	We lose the ability to expect our leaders to be feminists, to expect our constitution	我们丧失了期待领袖们成为女权主义者的能力 期待我们的宪法
153	to be feminist, once we start to tie it to a complete overhaul of the system.	成为女权主义者, 一旦我们开始把它与彻底的 改革系统联系起来。
154	Both a large number of conservative women and a large number of conservative men who	许多保守派女性和许多保守派男性
155	have benefited from capitalist structures but would still regard themselves as feminists	已经从资本主义结构中获益,但仍会视自己为女权主义者
156	today would feel excluded.	今天会觉得被排除在外。
157	Those who believe in the importance of equality of opportunity for women and men but not in	相信男女机会平等的重要性但
158	obtaining equality of outcome would also feel excluded.	取得结果平等也会感到被排斥。
159	A desire to look at the economic implications of every issue would mean feminists who believe	想要研究每个问题的经济影响 意味着女权主义者相信
160	in a political, rights-based form of feminism, issues such as widening access to education,	以政治、权利为基础的女权主义形式,诸如扩大受教育机会等问题,
161	to birth control and giving women the same freedom of movement and expression as men	给予妇女与男子同样的行动和言论自由
162	would feel excluded.	会觉得被排除在外。
163	This fundamentally comes back to whether or not one's feminism should dictate one's wider	这根本上是回到 一个人的女权主义 是否应该决定一个人的更大范围
164	political opinions.	政治观点。
165	How can feminists tell other women where they ought to lie on the political spectrum?	女权主义者怎么能告诉其他妇女在政治领域应该躺在哪里?
166	How can women be forced to accept a feminism which destroys the structures that have helped	如何迫使妇女接受女性主义,这种主义摧毁了帮助妇女发展的结构。
167	them in the past, structures which they see as having changed to give women more agency	他们认为这些结构已经改变,使妇女拥有更多的权力。
168	and more ability to harness their own potential?	更有能力利用自身的潜力?
169	Finally, capitalism is today's status quo and a system which isn't going anywhere for	最后,资本主义是今天的现状 和制度 它不会去任何地方
170	the foreseeable future.	在可预见的未来。
171	The left in the West have to some extent accepted this and committed themselves to finding a	西方的左翼在某种程度上接受了这一点,并承诺要找到
172	more palatable form of capitalism based around the principles of equality of opportunity	以机会均等原则为基础的更优惠的资本主义形式
173	and meritocracy.	和功勋管理。
174	A vote in favour of the motion today, therefore, is a vote of pessimism, that we can't make	因此,今天对动议投赞成票是悲观主义的表决,我们不能这样做。
175	today's system work in the interests of gender equality, that the feminist ideal is unattainable	今天的制度有利于性别平等, 女权主义的理想是无法实现的
176	without structural overhaul and that the work of feminists within capitalist structures	以及女权主义者在资本主义结构内的工作
177	is futile.	这是徒劳的。
178	Therefore, in voting that feminism can be capitalist, we are voting with confidence	因此,在投票中,女性主义可以成为资本主义,我们有信心地投票。
179	and with hope in the ability of capitalism to be good for feminism and the ability of	并满怀希望地希望资本主义有能力 善于女性主义
180	feminism to work to improve capitalism in today's world and tomorrow's.	女权主义致力于改善当今世界和明天的资本主义.
181	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 181 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P4 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p04 3. 【英文字幕】Louisa Broeg_Can not(3_6) (P4)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p04 3. 【英文字幕】Louisa Broeg_Can not(3_6) (P4)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 9:24

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:09	I'd like to Louisa Brogues, standing committee, Wadham College, to continue the case for the	我想让Louisa Brogues 瓦德姆学院常务委员会 继续办这个案子
0:13	proposition.	提议。
0:20	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.	晚上好 女士们先生们
0:22	As you can probably tell from the fact that I'm an undergraduate student at Wadham College,	正如你可能从我是一个本科生的事实 瓦德姆学院,
0:27	I describe myself as a democratic socialist and a feminist.	我把自己描述为一个民主的社会主义者和女权主义者.
0:31	But let me start this speech by defining what feminism is not.	但我首先要说明什么不是女性主义。
0:36	Feminism is not a female CEO.	女性主义不是女性首席执行官。
0:39	Feminism is not a female prime minister, president, or chancellor, and as much as the officer	女权主义不是女性首相、总统或议长,而是官员
0:46	team at tonight's debate might imply otherwise, feminism is also not an all-female officer	在今晚的辩论中 团队可能意味着 否则,女性主义 也不是一个全女性军官
0:52	team or an all-female slate in the upcoming union election.	在即将到来的工会选举中,团队或全体女性候选人。

展开字幕全文（112 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	I'd like to Louisa Brogues, standing committee, Wadham College, to continue the case for the	我想让Louisa Brogues 瓦德姆学院常务委员会 继续办这个案子
2	proposition.	提议。
3	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.	晚上好 女士们先生们
4	As you can probably tell from the fact that I'm an undergraduate student at Wadham College,	正如你可能从我是一个本科生的事实 瓦德姆学院,
5	I describe myself as a democratic socialist and a feminist.	我把自己描述为一个民主的社会主义者和女权主义者.
6	But let me start this speech by defining what feminism is not.	但我首先要说明什么不是女性主义。
7	Feminism is not a female CEO.	女性主义不是女性首席执行官。
8	Feminism is not a female prime minister, president, or chancellor, and as much as the officer	女权主义不是女性首相、总统或议长,而是官员
9	team at tonight's debate might imply otherwise, feminism is also not an all-female officer	在今晚的辩论中 团队可能意味着 否则,女性主义 也不是一个全女性军官
10	team or an all-female slate in the upcoming union election.	在即将到来的工会选举中,团队或全体女性候选人。
11	I'm not saying that it's in any way bad that women hold these positions, but that it is	我并不是说女人担任这些职位是件坏事,而是
12	not what the aim of feminism should be and what it is.	而不是女权主义的目的和目的。
13	I will argue tonight that feminism should be about equality for all women, not just	今晚我会说 女性主义应该是所有女人的平等 而不是仅仅
14	those at the very top, for women of colour, for working-class women, and for women in	妇女、有色人种妇女、工人阶级妇女、
15	developing countries.	发展中国家。
16	Verne has told you that we've made great progress and that capitalism has helped us	弗恩已经告诉你 我们已经取得了巨大的进步 资本主义帮助了我们
17	get there.	去那边。
18	We have more female US senators than ever before, and global economic development has	我们的美国女参议员人数比以往任何时候都多,全球经济发展也比以往多。
19	empowered women to go to university and reach the very top of business and politics.	使妇女能够上大学,进入商业和政治的最高层。
20	What the opposition won't tell you, though, is that in the UK the gender pay gap is still	反对党不会告诉你的是 在英国 男女薪酬差距仍然
21	at 17 per cent, that women without children are 8.2 times more likely to get management	无子女妇女获得管理的可能性是男子的8.2倍,占17%。
22	positions in the United States than those who are mothers.	在美国的职位比母亲的职位要多。
23	What they also won't tell you is that at this very university, in 26 out of 38 subjects	他们也不会告诉你的是 在这所大学里 在38个学科中有26个
24	on the undergraduate level, men are still more likely to achieve first-class degrees	在本科一级,男子更可能获得一等学位
25	than women are.	比女人还厉害
26	I will bring you two arguments in my speech tonight.	我今晚的演讲会给你们带来两个论点。
27	Firstly, that the very basis of capitalism is incompatible with feminist aims such as	首先,资本主义的基础与女权主义的目的不相容,例如:
28	equal pay, and secondly, that feminists shouldn't worry about deterring support from conservatives	其次,女权主义者不应该担心 阻止保守主义者的支持
29	and a political centre for their causes.	和他们的政治中心。
30	So let's talk about capitalism first.	所以先谈资本主义.
31	Let's get the exciting stuff out of the way.	把刺激的东西弄走
32	The very basis of capitalism is that it promotes individualism over collective action and thus	资本主义的根本基础在于它提倡个人主义而不是集体行动,因此,
33	creates a tokenistic approach to gender equality that only benefits the women at the very top.	创立一种象征性的两性平等方法,只有利于处于最高地位的妇女。
34	This exacerbates the inequality that feminism is trying to fight in the first place.	这加剧了女性主义最初试图打击的不平等.
35	The myth of breaking the glass ceiling that the opposition talks to you about is fundamentally	打破玻璃天花板的神话 反对派跟你谈论
36	harmful for most women.	对大多数妇女有害。
37	This widespread narrative suggests that our main aim should be getting some women to the	这一广泛的叙事表明,我们的主要目标应该是让一些妇女加入到妇女、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年、青年
38	top to make sure that they can then appoint others and that they can open the path for	上面确保他们可以任命其他人 并且他们可以打开路径
39	them to follow.	他们跟随。
40	Although this might be true to an extent, what we fail to recognise is that this kind	虽然这在某种程度上可能是真实的,但是我们不承认的是,这种类型的
41	of tokenism doesn't create widespread change and only helps the most privileged women to	象征主义不会造成大范围的改变,只会帮助最有特权的妇女
42	get into those positions in the first place where the exploitation and the inequality	在剥削和不平等的第一位置上
43	at the bottom continues.	在底部继续。
44	The opposition might argue that we can change this by implementing legislations such as	反对派可能认为,我们可以通过实施立法来改变这种情况,例如:
45	equal pay.	同工同酬。
46	Like in Iceland, for example, where equal pay is enforced by law.	例如在冰岛,法律规定了同工同酬。
47	However, this goes against the fundamental ideas of capitalism.	然而,这违背了资本主义的基本思想.
48	In capitalism, everyone only receives a return on the marginal contribution they make to	在资本主义中,每个人都只得到回报 他们为
49	the economy.	经济
50	The problem is that, like the speaker on the floor just now mentioned, that many of the	问题在于,正如刚才在座的发言者所提到的那样,许多发言者认为,“..................”
51	things that women traditionally do in the economy, such as having children, such as	妇女传统上在经济中从事的事情,如生育,例如:
52	care positions, aren't recognised as part of the market.	护理职位,不被认为是市场的一部分。
53	Equal pay is therefore not profitable for companies because women would be paid more	因此,对公司来说,同工同酬并不有利可图,因为妇女将得到更多的报酬。
54	than their monetary marginal contribution and because it's currently possible to pay	以及因为目前可以支付
55	women less because the labour market has been separated based on gender and due to the risk	妇女人数较少,因为劳动力市场按性别和风险分开。
56	of women leaving their job to have children, we fundamentally undervalue their contribution.	我们从根本上低估了她们的贡献。
57	Equal pay regulations are thus not capitalists.	因此,同酬条例不是资本家。
58	Instead, it's a confession by states and societies that capitalism doesn't create the equality	相反,这是国家和社会的忏悔 资本主义不能创造平等
59	we want and that we need government regulation to solve this type of market failure.	我们希望,我们需要政府监管 来解决这种类型的市场失败。
60	In Iceland, equal pay only exists because, as a company, you are forced to pay a fine	在冰岛,同酬只是因为作为一个公司,你被迫缴纳罚款
61	if you don't pay women and men equal amounts of money for their jobs and thus introduce	如果你不给男女工作同等报酬 从而引入
62	equality as part of the company's profit maximisation system.	平等是公司利润最大化制度的一部分。
63	This is not the kind of capitalism that opposition should be defending.	这不是反对派应该捍卫的那种资本主义。
64	But even if the opposition wants to take this soft capitalism stance, it is still not compatible	但是,即使反对派想采取这种软资本主义的立场,它仍然不符合
65	with feminism because firstly, women are still more likely to choose jobs that are fundamentally	首先,妇女更可能选择基本上属于
66	undervalued in our society, for example, jobs in care and education.	例如,在照料和教育方面,我们社会低估了工作价值。
67	Secondly, sexism in the workplace is likely to continue and to exist even under equal	第二,工作场所的性别歧视可能继续存在,甚至平等存在。
68	pay because as long as men are in position of relative power, they're still able to	因为只要男人处于相对权力的地位 他们仍然可以
69	abuse that against women who are comparatively powerless.	虐待相对无能为力的妇女。
70	It became clear as a result of the Me Too movement that the reason why women weren't	由于"我太郎"运动,很明显 女人不来的原因
71	leaving the workplaces in which they were harassed was because they were worried that	他们离开被骚扰的工作场所是因为担心
72	they wouldn't get a job if they publicly spoke out against their boss.	如果他们公开反对老板 他们就不会找到工作
73	Equal pay doesn't solve that.	同等报酬并不能解决这个问题。
74	Instead, we need a more robust welfare state, strong trade unions, universally free childcare	相反,我们需要一个更强大的福利国家,强大的工会,普遍免费的儿童保育
75	and affordable housing that are not provided by the capitalist system.	和不由资本主义制度提供的负担得起的住房。
76	Structural change in the status quo only happens when the government steps in.	现状的结构性变化只有在政府介入时才会发生.
77	It is time to recognise that the need to step in only arises from this economic system that	现在应该认识到,只有从这种经济体制中才需要介入,而这种经济体制是:
78	we live in in the first place and that the system is incompatible with our feminist inequality	我们生活在最初, 而这个制度 与我们的女权不平等
79	ideals.	理想
80	So how should the feminist movement proceed and why doesn't it matter if we deter support	那么女权运动应该如何进行, 如果我们阻止支持,为什么不重要?
81	from conservatives and from their political centre?	从保守派和他们的政治中心?
82	I would argue that we have reached a peak of what we can achieve in terms of gender	我想说的是,我们已经达到了在性别方面能够实现的最高点。
83	equality under a capitalist system.	在资本主义制度下平等。
84	That is to say, economic development has politically, economically and socially empowered women	也就是说,经济发展在政治、经济和社会方面赋予了妇女权力。
85	and made them more independent, but is starting to reverse the progress that we have made.	并使它们更加独立,但正开始逆转我们取得的进展。
86	The marginal benefit of what feminism can achieve if it embraces capitalism is very	如果女权主义接受资本主义,那么女权主义能够实现的边际利益是巨大的。
87	small.	小一点。
88	At the same time, it is hard to scale back on accomplishments we have made thus far,	与此同时,我们迄今取得的成就很难缩小,
89	for example, on universal suffrage, better pay and paid maternity leave.	例如,在普选中,提高工资和带薪产假。
90	I'm not denying that if feminists were to embrace an anti-capitalist stance, it is likely	我并不否认如果女权主义者采取反资本主义的立场,那很可能是
91	that they will lose support from conservatives and from their political centre.	他们将失去保守派及其政治中心的支持。
92	But if we make a cost-benefit analysis, like most capitalists do, this would have brought	但是,如果我们做一个成本效益分析, 像大多数资本家一样, 这会带来
93	support for only very few policies anyway that are unlikely to significantly reduce	仅支持极少数不可能大幅度减少的政策;
94	gender equality.	两性平等。
95	However, if feminists embrace an anti-capitalist stance, they don't just have the chance	然而,如果女权主义者拥护反资本主义的立场,他们并不只是有机会
96	for much greater systemic change, but they also empower women from disadvantaged backgrounds	但也赋予来自弱势背景的妇女权力
97	along the way and shift focus onto them, instead of onto Oprah Winfrey or Angela Merkel.	将注意力转移到他们身上 而不是放在奥普拉·温弗雷或安吉拉·默克尔身上
98	The fact that gender equality in East Germany is much better than in the West is because	东德的性别平等比西方好得多,这是因为
99	the system was fundamentally different, because the economic system valued women and valued	由于经济制度重视妇女并重视妇女,因此制度根本不同。
100	their contributions more than the capitalist system in the West did, and this has shifted	他们的贡献超过了西方的资本主义制度, 这已经改变了
101	culture and shifted the way that employers pay their employees.	改变雇主支付雇员工资的方式。
102	This also means that we don't believe that the battle is over at the inauguration of	这还意味着我们不认为战斗已经结束
103	the first female US president, but that instead we continue fighting until gender equality	但是,我们继续战斗直到实现性别平等
104	is available to all women independently of their background.	所有妇女,无论其背景如何,均可参加。
105	In our society, we have lost track of what kind of utopia we want to live in.	在我们的社会里,我们失去了我们想要生活在什么样的乌托邦的足迹。
106	It is time to stand up for the equality and the kind of society that we want and that we deserve.	现在是支持我们所希望和应当享有的平等和社会的时候了。
107	So please, when you walk through that door tonight, stand up for the women facing barriers	所以,请,当你走过 那扇门今晚, 站起来,面对障碍的女人
108	in your life, stand up for the barriers that you're facing yourself, but also stand up	在你的生活中,站在你面对的障碍,但也站起来
109	for those who don't have a voice, who cannot stand up in the first place to defend their	对于那些没有声音, 无法站出来捍卫自己
110	rights, and who don't gain anything from tokenistic feminism, because feminism and capitalism	因为女性主义和资本主义
111	are fundamentally incompatible.	根本上是不相容的。
112	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 112 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P5 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p05 4. 【英文字幕】Kate Andrews_CAN(4_6) (P5)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p05 4. 【英文字幕】Kate Andrews_CAN(4_6) (P5)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 15:01

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:23	Thank you very much for having me tonight.	非常感谢你今晚邀请我
0:26	So the motion tonight is that this House believes that feminism cannot be capitalist.	所以今晚的动议是,本院认为女权主义不能成为资本主义.
0:33	It cannot.	它不会。
0:35	No caveats, no addendums, no exception to the rule.	没有说明,没有增编,也不例外。
0:40	It cannot, under any circumstance, be capitalist.	它在任何情况下都不能是资本主义者。
0:45	So what on earth are we to make of Catherine McCormick?	那么,我们到底能给凯瑟琳·麦考密克带来什么?
0:50	I don't know if you've heard of Catherine McCormick before.	我不知道你有没有听说过凯瑟琳·麦考密克
0:53	She was American aristocracy.	她是美国贵族
0:56	People described her and her husband as being wealthier than kings and queens.	人们形容她和她的丈夫比国王和王后更富有.
1:00	She called herself a feminist.	她自称是女权主义者.

展开字幕全文（219 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Thank you very much for having me tonight.	非常感谢你今晚邀请我
2	So the motion tonight is that this House believes that feminism cannot be capitalist.	所以今晚的动议是,本院认为女权主义不能成为资本主义.
3	It cannot.	它不会。
4	No caveats, no addendums, no exception to the rule.	没有说明,没有增编,也不例外。
5	It cannot, under any circumstance, be capitalist.	它在任何情况下都不能是资本主义者。
6	So what on earth are we to make of Catherine McCormick?	那么,我们到底能给凯瑟琳·麦考密克带来什么?
7	I don't know if you've heard of Catherine McCormick before.	我不知道你有没有听说过凯瑟琳·麦考密克
8	She was American aristocracy.	她是美国贵族
9	People described her and her husband as being wealthier than kings and queens.	人们形容她和她的丈夫比国王和王后更富有.
10	She called herself a feminist.	她自称是女权主义者.
11	She was deeply committed to getting all women the right to vote.	她坚定地致力于让所有妇女都享有选举权。
12	She was a prominent member of the National American Women's Suffrage Association.	她曾是美国全国妇女吸食协会的著名会员.
13	She was a feminist and she was a capitalist.	她是一个女权主义者,她是一个资本家。
14	In the 1950s, when the United States government would not invest	1950年代,美国政府不会投资
15	in research for medical contraception, and to be very clear, when the state,	在医学避孕研究中, 并且非常清楚,当国家,
16	which the proposition is arguing we should hand over more power to because they will be in the	我们应该把更多的权力交给他们 因为他们将会在
17	interests of women, when the American government was not willing to invest in contraception,	当美国政府不愿投资避孕时
18	McCormick used her capital to almost single-handedly develop the oral contraceptive.	麦考密克利用自己的资本几乎单枪匹马地开发了口服避孕药.
19	She backed birth control and she allowed Margaret Sanger,	她支持节育 她允许玛格丽特·桑格
20	who is basically the founder of what we now consider to be Planned Parenthood,	他基本上就是我们现在认为计划生育的创始人,
21	and the team of scientists that she had around her to develop and test the pill.	还有她身边的科学家团队 研制和测试药丸
22	This was a feminist capitalist project made possible by this woman who, according	这是一个女权主义资本家的项目 由这个女人促成的,她认为
23	to the proposition tonight, cannot exist.	对今晚的命题,不可能存在。
24	The pill was a capitalist pursuit.	药丸是资本主义的追求.
25	Are we really going to say that wasn't feminist?	我们真的要说 那不是女权主义者吗?
26	Is this proposition going to sweep Catherine McCormick's story under the rug	这个提议会把凯瑟琳·麦考密克的故事 扫到地毯底下吗
27	so that it can defend the motion tonight?	这样它就可以为今晚的动议辩护?
28	Do we really want to condemn markets and stick it to the man so, so badly	我们真的要谴责市场 并坚持他如此,如此糟糕
29	that we would overlook the huge opportunities that capitalism and capitalists have brought	资本主义和资本主义带来的巨大机遇
30	to women?	对女人?
31	If we put aside the ugly modern-day aspects of feminism like David Schwimmer offering	如果我们把现代女性主义的丑陋方面放在一边 就像大卫·施维默提供
32	a female journalist a chaperone so she could interview him, like taking the great girls	一个女记者 一个女伴 这样她就可以采访他 就像带走伟大的女孩
33	out of their jobs and the rest of it, and we just go back to those fundamental roots	离开他们的工作 和剩下的, 我们只是回到那些根本的根源
34	of those first waves of feminism, equal rights, liberty, freedom, the right to vote,	自由、自由、选举权,
35	the right to speak, the right to do what you want to do with your own body, the right to	有权说话 有权做你想做的事 有权
36	have dissenting views, the right to be difficult, the right to earn money, then it is impossible	有不同意见,有困难的权利,有赚钱的权利,那是不可能的
37	to separate feminism from the achievements of capitalism as well.	将女权主义与资本主义的成就区分开来。
38	And McCormick is one, albeit a spectacular, one of a billion women who interact with capitalism,	麦考密克是 与资本主义互动的亿万妇女之一 虽然是个壮观的女人
39	billions of women, I should say.	几十亿女人,我应该说。
40	A billion people have risen out of absolute poverty over the past 30 years alone because	仅在过去30年中,就有10亿人摆脱了赤贫,因为:
41	of the market mechanisms that have come in to major countries that before kept them out.	市场机制,这些机制已经进入了那些以前不让它们进入的主要国家。
42	This has empowered people, this has empowered women.	这赋予了人民权力,并赋予妇女权力。
43	Countless women's lives and their children's lives and their children's children's lives	无数妇女的生命和孩子的生命和孩子的生命
44	and the future children that we don't even know yet haven't had to fall victim to birthrate	而未来的孩子,我们甚至不知道... ... ......
45	fatalities and mortalities because the amazing innovations in science and technology that	死亡和死亡,因为科技的惊人创新
46	have been made possible by capitalism and have been funded by the money that we've been able	由资本主义促成 由我们所赚的钱资助
47	to come up with, the vast amount of wealth we've come up with in a liberal society to	在自由社会里我们积累的大量财富
48	make things better for women.	给女人带来更好的生活
49	Feminism and capitalism merge, yeah?	女权主义和资本主义合并,是吗?
50	There are major issues with access to healthcare in America, happy to come back to that as well,	在美国,在获得医疗保健方面有一些重大问题, 很高兴回到这一点,
51	but if you look across the globe and you look across the past 10, 20, 30, 100 years,	但是如果你环顾全球 环顾过去10、20、30、100年
52	this has plummeted.	这已经崩溃了。
53	It used to be the case that if you were a woman and you were pregnant, that could go	以前的情况是,如果你是女人,你怀孕了,那就走
54	hand in hand with the death sentence.	与死刑并存。
55	Thank goodness that in developed countries now that have access to modern medicine,	谢天谢地,在现在能够获得现代医学的发达国家,
56	including the US, despite its issues around healthcare, that is simply no longer the case,	包括美国,尽管它的问题 围绕医疗保健, 这已经完全不是,
57	thanks to liberalism, thanks to capitalism.	感谢自由主义,感谢资本主义。
58	Feminism and capitalism merge billions of times a day when women as individuals make choices,	女性主义和资本主义一天融合数十亿次 妇女作为个人做出选择,
59	whether that be where to work or what to buy, women are empowered as living standards rise,	无论是在哪里工作还是买什么,随着生活水平的提高,妇女都获得了权力,
60	women rise up too.	女人也起来。
61	Free market trade and interaction lifts us all.	自由的市场贸易和互动使我们大家振奋起来。
62	The world is very far from being perfect, especially for women, but we are seeing countries	世界远非完美,特别是对于妇女,但我们看到一些国家
63	move in the right direction.	向正确的方向移动。
64	Tasman referenced the factories that women work in for basically nothing compared to	塔斯曼提到工厂 女人的工作 基本上没有什么比
65	what we have here today, and that is true, and that is a sad reality, but it is acknowledged	我们今天这里的情况是真实的,这是一个可悲的现实,但人们承认这一点。
66	by economists on the left and the right that that is one of the stepping stones to getting	左侧和右侧的经济学家们说,这是实现
67	towards a completely modernized free market and innovative economy.	走向完全现代化的自由市场和创新型经济。
68	It is not to say that we should be happy about that as consumers, we should be aware of what	这并不是说我们应该高兴 作为消费者,我们应该知道什么是
69	we are buying, but if we shut down these factories, these people, all of them, the women included,	但是如果我们关闭这些工厂 这些人 包括所有的女人
70	go back into the fields where death tolls are much, much higher.	回到死亡人数高得多的田地去
71	Capitalism is not the entrapment, it is the way out of poverty.	资本主义不是陷阱,而是摆脱贫穷的途径。
72	It is the place where women can escape poverty and make more demands around personal,	在那里,妇女能够摆脱贫困,并围绕个人提出更多要求,
73	political, societal, and cultural freedoms.	政治、社会和文化自由。
74	And with that freedom comes choice.	有了这种自由,就有选择。
75	So let's get into some gender pay gap debunking here, because we have heard from the proposition	所以,让我们进入一些性别 薪酬差距在这里解开, 因为我们已经听到的建议
76	twice now that a major reason to oppose capitalism is specifically because of the gender pay gap.	现在两次,反对资本主义的一个主要原因是性别薪酬差距。
77	And I heard some pretty faulty statistics bandied around 17% gender pay gap in the UK	听说英国有17%的男女薪酬差距 数据非常错误
78	is deeply misleading.	令人产生深刻的误解。
79	That combines full-time work with part-time work.	这把全职工作与兼职工作结合起来。
80	You can't compare those two things together.	你不能把这两件事放在一起比较
81	The more accurate statistic is now around 8%, it is basically the lowest it's ever been	更准确的统计数据现在在8%左右, 基本上是有史以来最低的
82	on record, and that's for full-time work.	记录,这是全职工作。
83	For women in part-time work, it's negative 4%, roughly negative 5%, it's somewhere in	对从事非全日工作的妇女来说,负4%,大约负5%,在某处
84	there, I can't remember the exact figure.	我不记得确切的数字了
85	Women on average in part-time work earn more.	从事非全日制工作的妇女平均收入较高。
86	And the reason that the gender pay gap is such a faulty measure to weigh up capitalism	而两性薪酬差距的原因 是一个错的衡量 来权衡资本主义
87	on is because these statistics aren't measuring anything comparable.	是因为这些统计数据没有衡量任何可比数据。
88	They're not measuring job, age, education, background.	他们没有衡量工作,年龄,教育,背景.
89	They're not measuring anything like for like.	他们不是用来测量的
90	And if you look at the gender pay gap statistics, in many cases, they are worse than useless	如果你看看两性薪酬差距的统计, 在许多情况下,它们比没用的还要糟糕
91	because they actually would incentivize companies in many situations, say if you're an airline,	因为他们实际上会激励公司 在许多情况下,比如说如果你是一家航空公司,
92	to hire fewer women into lower paid jobs in order to sort out your gender pay gap.	雇用较少妇女从事低薪工作,以便解决男女薪酬差距。
93	Feudalism, for example, would be a fantastic way to close the gender pay gap when women	例如,当妇女出现性别薪酬差距时,女权主义是缩小这种差距的绝佳办法。
94	men are forced to do the exact same kind of work, usually labor-intensive work, you find	男人被迫做同样的工作, 通常是劳动密集型的工作, 你发现
95	there's not very much inequality.	没有太多的不平等。
96	But as we get richer, as we embrace capitalism, as women have more choices about what they	但随着我们越来越富有, 当我们拥抱资本主义, 因为女性有 更多的选择她们是什么
97	do and where they do it, we see those changes increase.	做和在哪里做,我们看到这些变化增加。
98	And if you do choose to take time out of the workforce, if you choose to go down the motherhood	如果你真的选择抽出时间, 如果你选择去做母亲
99	{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}然后从员工队伍中抽出时间 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}显然会影响你的未来
100	earnings.	收入。
101	Now, I'm not saying that we should just be totally okay with that.	我不是说我们应该完全接受
102	I'd like to advocate for change.	一心奉请宣说变化.
103	It's ridiculous that in the UK, maternity pay and maternity pay are in line with each	荒谬的是,在英国,产假工资和产假工资 与每个
104	other.	其他费用。
105	It's all great to have shared parental leave, but men can't take it up if they're not going	分享育儿假是件好事 但是如果男人不去 就不能接受
106	to get paid nearly anything when they do it.	当他们这样做时,几乎得到任何报酬。
107	But we need to be campaigning for pragmatic changes that are operating in a system that	但我们需要为在一种
108	have benefited women.	使妇女受益。
109	We shouldn't be campaigning for changes that would overthrow us.	我们不应该为推翻我们的变革而奋斗。
110	My question to the proposition is to what?	我的问题是什么?
111	And I'll come to that in a second.	我马上就来
112	If feminism isn't capitalist, then what exactly is it?	如果女权主义不是资本主义,那到底是什么?
113	Because the alternatives, as I'll discuss in a moment, aren't so good.	因为其他选择,我会讨论一下, 不是很好。
114	So there's plenty we can do to help women.	因此我们有很多事情可以帮助妇女。
115	And you don't have to like every policy that comes out of Whitehall to think that	你不必喜欢怀特霍尔提出的政策
116	capitalism still hasn't been good for women.	资本主义对女人来说还是不好
117	We can look to other areas of the world.	我们可以展望世界其他地区。
118	You can look to Denmark, look to their child care policies, look to Sweden, look to their	你可以看丹麦,看他们的育儿政策,看瑞典,看他们
119	shared parental leave.	共有育儿假。
120	Because if you look to those countries in Scandinavia, you are looking at very capitalist	因为如果你看那些斯堪的纳维亚国家, 你正在看非常资本主义
121	countries.	国家。
122	They invest, they redistribute, yes, but they're extremely free market.	他们投资,重新分配,是的,但他们是极自由的市场。
123	I would love to debate the proposition about which female-oriented policies we should be	我想讨论一下关于我们应当采取哪种女性政策的建议
124	adopting from these other countries.	从其他国家领养。
125	Thankfully, we have so many developed countries to look at because most countries have seen	值得庆幸的是,我们有很多发达国家需要审视,因为大多数国家都看到
126	the good sense in creating a foundation based on private property and rights and principles	创造基于私有财产、权利和原则的基础的良好意识
127	and capitalism, which has made us so much more successful.	和资本主义, 这使得我们如此成功。
128	But I'm not willing to pretend, I think it's very disingenuous to brand these countries	但我不想假装 我觉得给这些国家打上烙印很不诚实
129	as anything other than capitalism.	除了资本主义以外的一切
130	In Scandinavia, they don't have a national minimum wage.	在斯堪的纳维亚,他们没有全国最低工资.
131	They have lots of market-based healthcare provisions.	它们有许多以市场为基础的保健服务。
132	They have school choice in Sweden.	他们在瑞典有选择的学校。
133	They have comparatively low corporation tax.	他们的公司税相对较低。
134	These are not socialist utopias.	这些不是社会主义的乌托邦。
135	These are capitalist countries.	这些国家是资本主义国家。
136	Let's look to them, learn from their forms of capitalism, but don't throw the baby out	让我们看看他们,学习他们的资本主义形式, 但不要把孩子扔出去
137	with the bath water.	与浴水.
138	And let's dare for a moment, and only for a moment because it's ugly, to consider broadly	让我们大胆地考虑一下 因为很丑陋
139	what the difference would be between feminism and a capitalist society and the catastrophic	女权主义和资本主义社会 以及灾难之间的区别是什么
140	attempts at the alternatives over the years.	多年来尝试采用其他办法。
141	There's practically no indicator of human well-being that favors the likes of the Soviet	几乎没有人幸福的迹象 喜欢苏联人
142	Union or Mao's China or is very concerned to hear about East Germany or Venezuela to	联合或毛泽东的中国 或非常担心听到东德或委内瑞拉
143	today.	今时.
144	I've seen some truly horrifying attempts actually for people to pretend that because the Soviet	我见过一些真正可怕的尝试 人们假装,因为苏联
145	Union and Mao had free childcare and access to laundry services that they were good to	工会和毛泽东有免费的托儿和洗衣服务
146	women.	女人们
147	These are countries that under socialist rule failed to give women even the most basic feminine	这些国家在社会主义统治下,甚至没有给予妇女最基本的
148	products like sanitary products.	卫生产品。
149	These are countries that inflicted mass rape in gulags and executions for political dissent.	这些国家在古拉格实施大规模强奸,并处决持不同政见者。
150	Think about that.	考虑一下
151	Executions for political dissent.	处决持不同政见者。
152	What were the women of the 1900s campaigning for if it wasn't for women to have a political	如果不是女人有政治倾向,那么1900年代的妇女们会为什么呢?
153	voice?	声音?
154	You want to live as a woman in East Germany?	你想在东德像女人一样生活?
155	You want to talk about equality in East Germany?	你想谈东德的平等吗?
156	Financial equality, sure.	经济平等,当然。
157	They didn't have very much.	他们没有太多。
158	You want to talk about equality compared to West Germany?	你想和西德谈平等吗?
159	Their lifespan was significantly shorter.	他们的寿命大大缩短。
160	Their opportunities were bleak.	他们的机会是暗淡的。
161	Women couldn't come and go from East Germany.	女人不能从东德来去.
162	What is feminist about not being able to control your own movements?	女权主义者为什么不能控制自己的运动?
163	This is not some kind of utopia for feminism.	这不是什么女性主义的乌托邦。
164	These are the stark realities of what happens when you take a system that offers individualism,	这些都是严峻的现实 当你采取一个提供个人主义的制度时会发生什么
165	opportunity, wealth, and a way forward and you butcher it.	机会,财富, 和前进的道路 你屠宰它。
166	And I think it's motions like tonight that hurt feminism more broadly.	我认为像今晚这样的动议 更广泛地伤害了女性主义。
167	Fewer than one in five women in the UK and the US identify as feminists, some studies	在英国和美国,每5名妇女中不到1人认为是女权主义者。
168	suggest.	建议。
169	There are some more generous ones, but they're not particularly generous.	有一些比较慷慨的,但并不特别慷慨.
170	There's a fairly recent one in the UK that about one in three women identify as feminists.	英国最近有一个 大约三分之一的女性认为是女权主义者。
171	It's not popular.	不为大众.
172	The proposition is mentioned you can just throw out every conservative center right	这个提议被提到 你可以把每个保守的中心都扔出去
173	person, get rid of those centerists too, you'll actually get more support.	人,摆脱那些中心主义者 也,你会得到更多的支持。
174	No, no, no.	不,不,没有。
175	Feminists are having to climb their way up.	女权主义者必须爬上去
176	There is not a lot of support out there.	在那里没有太多的支持。
177	And it's motions like this that turn people off because if you're feminist, you can't	因为如果你是女权主义者 你就不能
178	be a capitalist.	做个资本家
179	If you're feminism, if you're feminist, you can't vote right wing.	如果你是女权主义者,如果你是女权主义者,你就不能投票给右翼.
180	If you're feminist, you can't support a Brexit.	如果你是女权主义者,你就不能支持布莱克西特.
181	If you're feminist, you can't ask questions about a statistic that you saw this one time	如果你是女权主义者, 你不能问一个问题 关于统计你看到这一次
182	that you think might be faulty because if you don't fit into our very, very narrow orthodoxy	你可能觉得有问题 因为如果你不适应 我们非常,非常狭窄的正统
183	of what it means to be a feminist, you are not in the club.	身为女权主义者意味着什么, 你不在俱乐部。
184	You want to rule out capitalists from the feminist category?	你想把资本家排除在女权主义者之外吗?
185	I wish the best of luck to you and the genuine efforts that you might have to make this world	祝你们好运,祝你们做出真正努力
186	a better place for women because you will be on your own.	给女人一个更好的地方 因为你会独自一人
187	Something I like to think about when I go to work in the morning in Westminster is the	我早上去威斯敏斯特工作时喜欢想的就是
188	statue that I see in front of me.	我在我面前看到的雕像。
189	It's Millicent Fawcett.	这是米利森特·福西特。
190	She was, she is the first woman, the only woman to have a statue in parliament and a	她是,她是第一位女性,是唯一一位在议会中拥有雕像的女性,也是一位
191	lot was made out of this because she was put up for the hundredth year anniversary of some	因为她被安排在 几周年纪念日上
192	women getting the right to vote, not all women getting the right to vote.	妇女有选举权,并非所有妇女都有选举权。
193	She was put up in effort with the Fawcett Society that also banned the about very faulty	她和Fawcett协会合作 也禁止有关错误的东西
194	statistics on the gender pay gap.	关于男女薪酬差距的统计数据。
195	She was put up because she's supposed to, for many people, represent a woman who would	她被关起来是因为 她应该代表一个女人
196	have hated what she saw today.	她讨厌她今天所看到的
197	She'd be disgusted.	她会讨厌的。
198	She wanted feminism.	她想要女性主义。
199	She wanted equality.	她想要平等。
200	She would have been deeply offended by what she saw today but not for the reason that	她今天所见所闻会深深冒犯她 但并不是因为
201	many people think.	很多人认为。
202	She was a free market capitalist.	她是一个自由市场资本家。
203	She was one of the most famous suffragettes and she believed in capitalism.	她是最著名的选举人之一 她相信资本主义
204	She actually had a very successful economics book called Political Economy for Beginners	她实际上有一本非常成功的经济学书 "政治经济学为初学者"
205	and she believed in classical liberalism and individualism and the role of markets.	她相信古典自由主义和个人主义以及市场的作用.
206	So she would be terrified by what she saw today.	所以她会害怕她今天所看到的
207	And I'm very grateful that we've put her up in Parliament Square because individualism	我很感谢你把她送进议会广场 因为个人主义
208	and that the crux of everything is how we decide if people are entering into something	而一切的症结在于 我们如何决定 人们是否进入的东西
209	voluntarily.	自愿的。
210	If you want to know if a woman is being treated well, if the situation that she's in, if her	如果你想知道一个女人是否受到良好待遇, 如果她的处境,如果她
211	partner, if her life, if her children, if her job, if all of it's okay, you have to	伴侣,如果她的生命,如果她的孩子, 如果她的工作,如果一切都好,你必须
212	give her choice, you have to give her a voice and you have to give her autonomy.	给她选择,你必须给她一个声音 并给她自主权。
213	And it is through markets, it's through liberalism and it's through a system of capitalism that	通过市场,通过自由主义 和资本主义制度
214	women have been able to achieve this at a fairly rapid pace actually since we've been	女性能够以相当快的速度实现这一点 自从我们成为
215	bringing it in so quickly.	这么快就带来了
216	So I'm excited to hear from you guys as to what you think of this motion tonight but	所以,我很高兴从你们那里听到 今晚你们对这个动议的看法
217	for me the idea that capitalism and feminism are one is quite literally set in stone in	对我来说,资本主义和女权主义的理念 完全被置之不理
218	Parliament Square.	议会广场.
219	Thank you very much.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 219 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P6 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p06 5. 【英文字幕】Dr Nicole Aschoff_Can not(5_6) (P6)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p06 5. 【英文字幕】Dr Nicole Aschoff_Can not(5_6) (P6)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 10:30

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:08	I now look to Dr. Nicole Ashoff to close the case for the proposition.	我现在希望Nicole Ashoff博士能结束这个提议。
0:19	Hello, can everyone hear me?	大家能听到我吗?
0:22	Yes, excellent.	不错
0:23	First, I'd just like to express my solidarity with all of the university staffers who are on strike across the country.	首先,我只想表示声援全国所有罢工的大学工作人员.
0:37	So, in conversations such as these, I think it's helpful to place ourselves in context.	因此,在这样的对话中,我认为将自己置于背景中是有益的。
0:44	We're having a debate about feminism and capitalism because both feminism and capitalism are currently in crisis.	我们正在进行一场关于女性主义和资本主义的辩论,因为女性主义和资本主义目前都处于危机之中.
0:51	Not a crisis in the sense that the constellation of norms, ideas, and practices that undergird capitalism or feminism is in danger of collapse,	不是危机,因为一连串的规范、思想和做法 使资本主义或女性主义陷入崩溃的危险之中,
1:01	but rather a crisis in the sense that we've reached an inflection point.	但其实是一场危机 也就是我们到达了一个危机点
1:06	The variant of capitalism dubbed neoliberalism has, in the eyes of many, lost legitimacy.	许多人认为,被称作新自由主义的资本主义的变体已经失去了合法性。
1:12	There's widespread disgust with the institutions and flag bearers of the status quo,	机构和持旗者普遍厌恶现状

展开字幕全文（116 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	I now look to Dr. Nicole Ashoff to close the case for the proposition.	我现在希望Nicole Ashoff博士能结束这个提议。
2	Hello, can everyone hear me?	大家能听到我吗?
3	Yes, excellent.	不错
4	First, I'd just like to express my solidarity with all of the university staffers who are on strike across the country.	首先,我只想表示声援全国所有罢工的大学工作人员.
5	So, in conversations such as these, I think it's helpful to place ourselves in context.	因此,在这样的对话中,我认为将自己置于背景中是有益的。
6	We're having a debate about feminism and capitalism because both feminism and capitalism are currently in crisis.	我们正在进行一场关于女性主义和资本主义的辩论,因为女性主义和资本主义目前都处于危机之中.
7	Not a crisis in the sense that the constellation of norms, ideas, and practices that undergird capitalism or feminism is in danger of collapse,	不是危机,因为一连串的规范、思想和做法 使资本主义或女性主义陷入崩溃的危险之中,
8	but rather a crisis in the sense that we've reached an inflection point.	但其实是一场危机 也就是我们到达了一个危机点
9	The variant of capitalism dubbed neoliberalism has, in the eyes of many, lost legitimacy.	许多人认为,被称作新自由主义的资本主义的变体已经失去了合法性。
10	There's widespread disgust with the institutions and flag bearers of the status quo,	机构和持旗者普遍厌恶现状
11	the centrist voices that have shaped common sense for the past few decades,	中间派的声音 塑造了常识 在过去几十年,
12	and today insist that in the face of yawning inequality and catastrophic climate change,	并且今天坚持认为,面对巨大的不平等和灾难性的气候变化,
13	that the only way forward is to preserve the core elements of neoliberalism,	唯一的出路是维护新自由主义的核心要素,
14	are being forced to share the airwaves with populists on both the left and the right who think otherwise.	被迫与左翼和右翼的民粹主义者分享广播。
15	Feminism, for its part, is being decried as simultaneously ineffective and blinkered.	就女性主义而言,它被谴责为同时无效和眨眼。
16	What for decades women in wealthy countries have been told are the core goals of feminism,	几十年来,富裕国家的妇女被告知的是女性主义的核心目标,
17	wage parity, equal representation in political and economic life,	工资均等、政治和经济生活中的平等代表性;
18	the right to illegal safe abortion have either not been achieved or are under threat.	非法安全堕胎的权利要么没有实现,要么受到威胁。
19	Moreover, for a growing number of women, particularly poor and working class women,	此外,越来越多的妇女,特别是贫穷和工人阶级妇女,
20	women of color and women living in the global south, these goals feel insufficient	生活在全球南部的有色人种妇女和妇女,
21	or not attuned to the realities of everyday life.	或者不适应日常生活的现实
22	For many, mainstream feminism seems like a project shaped around the needs and desires of privileged women.	对许多人来说,主流女性主义似乎是一个围绕特权妇女的需要和愿望的项目。
23	The MeToo movement is many things, one of which is a reaction against a neoliberal feminism	MeToo运动有很多事情,其中之一是对新自由主义女性主义的反应.
24	that champions leaning in rather than collective action for collective gains.	主张采取集体行动而不是集体行动,争取集体收益。
25	Crisis means opportunity, however.	然而,危机意味着机会。
26	Right now, in this moment of political uncertainty, and I'm thinking particularly about the US, where I come from,	现在,在这个政治不确定的时刻, 我特别想到美国, 我来自哪里,
27	there is an opening, a remapping of the possible.	有一个机会,一个可能的重新绘制。
28	People are looking for new ideas and asking hard questions about the nature and direction of the horizon we seek.	人们正在寻找新的想法,对我们所寻求的地平线的性质和方向提出棘手的问题。
29	So, what is the horizon of feminism?	那么,女性主义的视野是什么?
30	Can capitalism and feminism coexist?	资本主义和女权主义能否共存?
31	Well, feminism is not a cut-and-dry political program.	女权主义不是一流的政治计划
32	It is a political struggle.	这是一场政治斗争。
33	We often forget or elide this fact, which results in confusion all around.	我们常常忘记或忽视这一事实,这导致周围的混乱。
34	Reminding ourselves that feminism is a political struggle highlights the obvious but essential point	提醒自己,女性主义是一种政治斗争,突出了显而易见但至关重要的一点。
35	that women often have radically divergent political worldviews.	妇女的政治世界观往往截然不同。
36	If we think that capitalism is, with some tweaks here and there, the most just and appealing system,	如果我们认为资本主义, 有一些微软在这里和那里, 最公正和吸引人的制度,
37	the best way to organize the planet, our feminism will reflect this worldview.	我们的女权主义将反映这个世界观。
38	This feminist struggle will orbit around goals to give women opportunities and rewards within capitalism	这次女权主义斗争将围绕着目标 给资本主义内部的妇女机会和奖励
39	equal to those accorded men.	与那些被赋予的男子一样。
40	This feminism will strive to realize conditions that allow each woman to compete in the marketplace	这种女性主义将努力创造条件,使每个妇女都能在市场上竞争。
41	and to maximize their human capital.	并最大限度地增加他们的人力资本。
42	Alternatively, if we believe that the world is divided between an overbearing global north,	或者,如果我们相信世界被一个占上风的全球北方所瓜分,
43	which assumes superiority, and a global south wrestling with the legacy of colonialism,	以及全球南方与殖民主义遗留下来的
44	our feminism may place more value on national sovereignty and development.	我们的女权主义可能更加重视国家主权和发展。
45	This feminism may make demands that don't align with the political, economic, or cultural values	这种女性主义可能提出不符合政治、经济或文化价值观的要求。
46	of mainstream feminists in the United States and Europe.	美国和欧洲的主流女权主义者。
47	Issues of gender, sexuality, and reproduction may assume a different place in this feminism's vision	性别、性和生殖问题在这种女性主义的愿景中可能占有不同的地位。
48	of solidarity and political vision of solidarity.	团结的政治观点。
49	There are also those of us, like myself, whose feminism is shaped by an anti-capitalist politics.	也有人像我一样,她们的女权主义是由反资本主义政治形成的.
50	If we think that capitalism is destroying the livability of our planet	如果我们认为资本主义正在摧毁我们星球的可生存性
51	and preventing the vast majority of people from living a decent life,	阻止绝大多数人过上体面的生活,
52	let alone reaching their full potential, our feminism will demand something beyond tweaks to the status quo	我们的女权主义 更不需要改变现状
53	that in practice benefit mostly white women of a professional managerial bent.	在实践中,这主要有利于专业管理阶层的白人妇女。
54	This feminism will offer a vision of liberation beyond the narrow pathways of paid work and political representation.	这种女权主义将提供一个摆脱狭隘的有偿工作和政治代表权的解放前景。
55	In short, our political worldviews shape our feminisms.	简言之,我们的政治世界观塑造了我们的女权主义.
56	Now, before you cry foul, there's no crude reductionism at work here.	现在,在你哭出来之前, 这里没有粗鲁的简化主义。
57	Each of our feminisms also informs our political worldviews.	我们的每一个女性主义也贯穿于我们的政治世界观。
58	The interplay is a winding two-way street.	相互作用是双向的。
59	Our individual sense of what defines women's liberation plays a foundational role	我们个人对女性解放的感受具有基础作用
60	in shaping our broader political worldviews and goals.	塑造我们更广泛的政治世界观和目标。
61	Is women's liberation getting the corner office, or at least a genuine chance to get the corner office?	妇女解放是获得角办公室,还是至少是获得角办公室的真正机会?
62	Or do we believe that women's liberation is the ability for all people to have justice, dignity, and security?	还是我们相信,妇女解放是所有人拥有正义、尊严和安全的能力?
63	Most visions of women's liberation share some key assumptions.	妇女解放的大多数设想都有一些关键假设。
64	We broadly agree that all women should have access to food and, depending upon your politics,	我们广泛同意,所有妇女都应获得食物,而且,取决于你们的政治状况,
65	particularly coming from the United States, some standard of health care and education.	特别是来自美国, 一些标准的保健和教育。
66	We also agree that all women should have equal protection under the law from abuse and violence.	我们还同意,所有妇女都应受到法律的平等保护,免遭虐待和暴力。
67	But we quickly reach a point of divergence.	但是,我们很快就到了分歧的地步。
68	Beyond that, our answers to the question of what does women's liberation look like,	除此之外,我们回答的问题 妇女解放是什么样子,
69	or what does women's liberation mean to me, suggest distinct political projects.	或者妇女解放对我意味着什么, 意味着不同的政治项目。
70	There's not one feminist horizon.	没有一个女权主义的视野。
71	Our various definitions of women's liberation, formed through tears and triumphs across space and time,	我们对妇女解放的各种定义 通过泪水和跨越时空的胜利形成
72	rooted in decades of theory and praxis, point the way toward different horizons.	扎根于数十年的理论与实践, 指明通往不同视野的道路。
73	The dominant feminist project of the past few decades has encouraged us to forget this fact.	过去几十年的主要女权项目鼓励我们忘记这一事实。
74	Proponents of mainstream feminism have worked hard to collapse the myriad feminisms of the world,	主流女权主义的支持者们 努力粉碎了世界上无数的女权主义
75	each rooted in a different political worldview and a different vision of women's liberation,	每一个都植根于不同的政治世界观和不同的妇女解放愿景,
76	into one version of feminism that aligns neatly with the preoccupations and proclivities of our for-profit system.	成为女性主义的一个版本 与我们的盈利体系的 关注和利益紧密相连
77	This vision of feminism defines women's liberation as equality with men in the hierarchy of power.	这种女性主义观点将妇女解放定义为在权力等级上与男子平等.
78	It makes few moves to challenge, let alone dismantle this hierarchy, however.	然而,它很少提出挑战,更不用说拆除这种等级制度。
79	Instead, mainstream feminism is mostly concerned with distribution,	相反,主流女性主义主要关注分布,
80	focused on making room for women in the upper tiers,	重点是为高层妇女腾出空间,
81	rather than pushing for gains that would help all women, such as single-payer health care, guaranteed housing,	而不是追求能够帮助所有妇女的收益,例如单身者保健、有保障住房,
82	free public higher education, universal pre-K, and a living wage.	免费公立高等教育、普及K前教育以及生活工资。
83	This doesn't mean that pro-capitalist versions of feminism are somehow inauthentic or without value.	这并不意味着亲资本主义的女权主义版本不知何故不正确或没有价值.
84	Markets can empower women, and real feminist gains have been made within capitalism.	市场可以赋予妇女权力,资本主义内部已经取得了真正的女权主义成果。
85	These gains weren't a result of capitalism, obviously, but they were one following struggles within capitalism.	显然,这些收益不是资本主义的结果,而是资本主义内部的斗争。
86	Ultimately, though, by failing to challenge the divisive drives of capitalism,	但最终,由于未能挑战资本主义的分裂运动,
87	dominant versions of feminism offer a stifled vision of women's liberation.	占主导地位的女权主义为解放妇女提供了一个令人窒息的愿景。
88	In this moment, we should seize the political opening	此时此刻,我们应该抓住政治开放
89	and fight for a feminism that doesn't prop up our destructive for-profit system.	并争取女性主义 不支持我们的破坏性盈利系统。
90	The feminism that I fight for does not snuggle comfortably in the lap of capitalism.	我为之奋斗的女权主义不会在资本主义的圈子里轻而易举地抚慰她。
91	It is rooted in the understanding that capitalism is the problem,	它植根于对资本主义是问题的理解,
92	and that a feminism rooted in democratic, egalitarian, anti-capitalist principles is the solution,	而植根于民主、平等、反资本主义原则的女权主义就是解决办法,
93	the answer to the oppression of women and children and men,	对压迫妇女和儿童及男子的回答,
94	the answer to the destruction of our air and oceans and wild spaces,	我们的空气和海洋以及野外空间被摧毁的答案,
95	and to the muzzling of our solidarity and creativity.	我们的团结和创造力的模糊不清
96	Make no mistake, my feminism wants women to earn equal wages and sit in the halls of power,	不要误会,我的女权主义 想要女人挣到平等的工资 坐在权力的大厅,
97	but it also wants much more than this.	但它也想要的远不止于此。
98	It demands liberation from the economic and political structures	它要求从经济和政治结构中解放出来
99	that prevent the vast majority of women and men from living a good life.	使绝大多数妇女和男子无法过上美好的生活。
100	My feminism believes this goal can only be achieved through anti-capitalist struggle.	我的女权主义认为这个目标只能通过反资本主义斗争来实现.
101	It is a feminism that encompasses and embraces union drives and living wage campaigns,	这是一种包括并包括工会运动和生活工资运动的女权主义;
102	efforts to recognize and reward unpaid reproductive labor,	努力承认和奖励无报酬的生育劳动,
103	movements building a just transition to green energy,	实现向绿色能源的公正过渡的运动,
104	fights against racism and for LGBTQ rights,	反对种族主义和争取LGBTQ权利,
105	and efforts to decommodify the necessities of life.	并努力使生活必需品脱落。
106	Maybe you don't like my version of feminism.	也许你不喜欢我的女权主义
107	Perhaps you have your own vision of women's liberation that looks very different.	或许你对女性解放的眼光很不一样
108	You may not have a crystallized political worldview at all.	你可能根本没有一个具体化的政治世界观。
109	That's okay.	没关系
110	Developing robust, powerful feminisms requires us to listen to other women	发展强大强大的女权主义需要我们倾听其他女性的声音
111	and young people and maybe a few men.	和年轻人,也许几个男人。
112	About their hopes and dreams, their values and fears, their priorities and struggles.	关于他们的希望和梦想,他们的价值观和恐惧,他们的优先事项和斗争.
113	Listening without jumping to judgment or offense.	听而不跳 判决或冒犯。
114	Feminism is not a map to utopia that someday we'll all get to and live happily ever after in.	女权主义不是乌托邦的地图 有一天我们都会幸福地生活
115	It's a centuries old struggle for women's liberation.	妇女解放斗争历时数百年.
116	I'll be fighting and so should you.	我会战斗,你也应该

该视频共有字幕 116 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P7 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p07 6. 【英文字幕】Deirdre McCloskey_CAN(6_6) (P7)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p07 6. 【英文字幕】Deirdre McCloskey_CAN(6_6) (P7)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 11:47

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:09	I now look to Professor Deirdre McCloskey to close the case for the opposition and the debate as a whole.	我现在指望Deirdre McCloskey教授结束对反对派和整个辩论的争论。
0:21	Thank you very much.	谢谢
0:23	I have a man's voice because I was once, alas, a man.	我有一个男人的声音 因为我曾经, 唉,一个男人。
0:28	Until 1995 I was called a McDonald, which in Irish means world ruler.	直到1995年,我被称为麦当劳,这在爱尔兰语中意味着世界统治者.
0:37	Now I'm, Deirdre, they're uncertain about its origin, but they think it may mean wanderer, which is perfect.	现在我,Deirdre, 他们不确定它的起源, 但他们认为它可能意味着流浪者, 这是完美的。
0:46	So I've chosen to be a...	所以我选择成为...
0:51	I also, on top of everything, I stutter, so you'll have to grow accustomed to it.	我也一样,在一切之上,我口吃, 所以你必须习惯它。
0:57	So I didn't choose to be a woman to improve my career.	所以我没有选择做一个女人来改善我的事业.
1:06	That ought to be obvious.	这应该很明显。
1:08	In fact, my dean, when I told him in 1995 that I was going to change gender, when he got his jaw back and put it in his skull,	事实上,我的院长,当我在1995年告诉他我要改变性别时, 当他把下巴放回他的头骨时,

展开字幕全文（89 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	I now look to Professor Deirdre McCloskey to close the case for the opposition and the debate as a whole.	我现在指望Deirdre McCloskey教授结束对反对派和整个辩论的争论。
2	Thank you very much.	谢谢
3	I have a man's voice because I was once, alas, a man.	我有一个男人的声音 因为我曾经, 唉,一个男人。
4	Until 1995 I was called a McDonald, which in Irish means world ruler.	直到1995年,我被称为麦当劳,这在爱尔兰语中意味着世界统治者.
5	Now I'm, Deirdre, they're uncertain about its origin, but they think it may mean wanderer, which is perfect.	现在我,Deirdre, 他们不确定它的起源, 但他们认为它可能意味着流浪者, 这是完美的。
6	So I've chosen to be a...	所以我选择成为...
7	I also, on top of everything, I stutter, so you'll have to grow accustomed to it.	我也一样,在一切之上,我口吃, 所以你必须习惯它。
8	So I didn't choose to be a woman to improve my career.	所以我没有选择做一个女人来改善我的事业.
9	That ought to be obvious.	这应该很明显。
10	In fact, my dean, when I told him in 1995 that I was going to change gender, when he got his jaw back and put it in his skull,	事实上,我的院长,当我在1995年告诉他我要改变性别时, 当他把下巴放回他的头骨时,
11	he said, oh, I'm so glad I thought you were going to convert to socialism.	他说,哦,我很高兴我以为你会皈依社会主义。
12	Then he said, aha, this is great for affirmative action, up one, down the other.	然后他说,啊哈,这是伟大的 平权行动,上,下。
13	And then he said, using these imperfect numbers that we have in our head, oh, wait a second, I'd pay you a lot.	然后他说,用我们脑中的这些不完美的数字, 哦,等一下,我会付你很多钱。
14	I can cut your salary 70 cents in the dollar.	我可以用70美分的美元来扣你的工资
15	And I knew that he was going to be my friend.	我知道他会成为我的朋友
16	Look, women are people.	听着,女人都是人
17	And liberalism, of the sort that Adam Smith understood, and Mary Wollstonecraft and Tom Paine understood,	还有自由主义,亚当·斯密所理解的那种 玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫和汤姆·培恩所理解的那种,
18	is what we all seek, what everyone on this side and this side seeks, the autonomy, the self-law of a free person.	是我们所有人都在寻求的, 这个方面和这个方面每个人都在寻求的, 自治,自由人的自我法律。
19	Liberalism is the very strange argument, strange in the 18th century, that all men and women, dear, are created equal.	自由主义是18世纪非常奇怪的争论,奇怪的是,所有男人和女人,亲爱的,都是平等的.
20	The man who wrote those words, alas, was somewhat conflicted because he owned lots of slaves.	写这些词的人, 唉,有点矛盾 因为他拥有许多奴隶。
21	And he didn't free his son by Sally Hemings when he died.	而他死时并没有由莎莉·海明斯释放儿子.
22	So it's been a hard coming, this idea of equality.	所以这个平等的想法很难实现
23	But it breaks down the hierarchies.	但它打破了等级。
24	That's what it's really about.	这才是真正意义上的.
25	And I think everyone in this room, except the most unreconstructed Tory,	我想在这个房间里的每个人都, 除了最未重建的托里,
26	believes in the essential equality of everyone in this room.	相信这间屋子里每个人的基本平等
27	And that equality had a consequence.	而这种平等产生了后果。
28	This crazy idea, very foreign to the agricultural societies in which our ancestors lived.	这个疯狂的想法,对我们祖先生活的农业社会来说是非常陌生的.
29	As soon as you have plant agriculture, the man on the horse with a sword can say,	你一有种农业,马上人持剑便说:
30	I'm so sorry, this my land now, you must pay me rent and taxes.	对不起,这是我的土地,你必须支付我的租金和税收。
31	That inequality, that hierarchy, was radically challenged by liberalism of the John Stuart Mill sort.	这种不平等,这种等级, 受到了约翰·斯图尔特·米尔的那种自由主义的彻底挑战。
32	As you know, John Stuart Mill was an early and most unusual advocate for women's rights.	如你所知,约翰·斯图尔特·米尔(John Stuart Mill)是维护妇女权利的早期和最不寻常的倡导者.
33	I won't claim that Adam Smith was, although I believe he was gay.	我不会声称亚当·斯密是, 虽然我相信他是同性恋。
34	That's beside the point, I apologize.	这不是重点,我道歉。
35	So what we're all against is patriarchy.	所以我们都反对的是父权制.
36	That's what we're against.	这就是我们反对的。
37	As among the numerous sorts of inequality of permission.	作为众多种类的许可不平等之一.
38	It's not outcomes that should be equal.	果报不应平等.
39	That way lies East Germany with 15% of the population paid by the secret police.	这样东德就有15%的人口由秘密警察支付.
40	That's not the way forward.	这不是前进的道路。
41	It's an equality of allowing people.	令众生平等.
42	That's what we need.	这就是我们需要的。
43	And that's what most of us want, I think.	这也是我们大多数人想要的,我想。
44	We don't want slaves.	我们不想要奴隶。
45	We don't want slaves and masters.	我们不想要奴隶和主人
46	We don't want husbands allowed to beat their wives.	我们不想让丈夫打老婆
47	And we don't want, and here I oppose my friends in favor of the motion, we don't want state action.	而我们不希望, 在这里,我反对我的朋友赞成动议, 我们不希望国家行动。
48	Why does it seem reasonable that a state, as we all agree, dominated by men, would be the instrument to help us out of patriarchy?	为什么像我们大家同意的那样,一个以男人为主的国家会成为帮助我们摆脱父权制的工具呢?
49	It seems odd to me that my friends on the left, and I have many friends on the left, I was once a Marxist myself, but I learned something.	在我看来,我左边的朋友似乎很奇怪,我左边有许多朋友,我本人曾经是马克思主义者,但我学到了一些东西.
50	But by the way, Jeremy Corbyn and I are the same age, and at age 18, Jeremy and I both wanted to overthrow capitalism.	但顺便说一句,杰里米·科宾和我同龄,18岁时,杰里米和我都想推翻资本主义.
51	He didn't learn anything in the years.	这几年他没学过东西
52	But to think that the state would be the place to go seems unreasonable to me.	但想到国家会是去的地方,在我看来是不合理的.
53	Because what is the essence of the state?	因为国家的本质是什么?
54	The great German sociology, Max Weber, said that the state is the monopoly of violence.	伟大的德国社会学家马克思·韦伯说,国家是暴力的垄断.
55	And that's right.	且道. 师曰.
56	And we should have it.	我们应该拥有它。
57	We should have a state to stop the robbers and stop slavery.	我们应该有一个州来阻止强盗和奴隶制
58	There are still 40,000 slaves in the world by a moderate estimate.	据温和的估计,世界上仍有4万奴隶.
59	That's outrageous.	太过分了
60	The state should be going and stopping that stuff.	国家应该去阻止那些东西。
61	But the state is the fist.	但州为拳.
62	It's not the open hand of an offer.	不是开价之手.
63	It's true that people in poor countries earn low wages, although as my colleagues have said, that's on the way to increased prosperity.	确实,贫穷国家的人工资很低,尽管我的同事已经说过,那就是在增加繁荣的道路上.
64	In Bangladesh, which sells us knitwear, women work for very low wages in these terrible factories,	在出售织物的孟加拉国, 妇女在这些可怕的工厂工作,工资很低,
65	as the ancestors of everyone in this room did, but allowed to accept the open hand of the offer.	就像这间屋子里的每一个人的祖先一样 但允许他们接受开放的提议
66	They're not slaves.	他们不是奴隶。
67	The phrase wage slaves is a particularly obnoxious phrase from the left.	工资奴隶这一短语是左派特别讨厌的短语.
68	In fact, the other Marx, Groucho Marx, the older people will know who I'm talking about.	事实上,其他的马克思,格鲁乔·马克思,老年人会知道我在说什么.
69	Groucho Marx was an American comedian in the 1920s and 30s, especially in the movies.	格鲁乔·马克思是1920年代和30年代美国喜剧演员,特别是在电影中.
70	And Groucho had a somewhat cruel sense of humor.	Groucho的幽默感有点残忍
71	And his friend George came to him at the height of Groucho's success in the movie industry.	而他的朋友乔治则在格鲁乔在电影行业的成功的高潮中来到了他身边.
72	And said, Groucho, I'm starving.	并说,格鲁丘,我饿了。
73	My children, I don't have a job that helped me out.	我的孩子 我没有工作可以帮我
74	But Groucho knew that his friend George was a communist.	但格鲁乔知道,他的朋友乔治是共产党员.
75	And he said, George, I wouldn't want to exploit you and send him away.	他说,乔治,我不想利用你,把他送走
76	The open hand of the market is not perfect, but it's a tremendous advantage over most of the exercises of the fist of the state.	市场开放的手虽然不完美,但比起国家拳头的大部分锻炼,它具有巨大的优势.
77	How do I know this is true?	我怎么知道这是真的?
78	I'm an economic historian by scientific practice.	我是一个通过科学实践的经济史学家.
79	Any economic historian, even my friends here at Oxford who were men of the left and women of the left indeed, agree that since 1800,	任何经济史学家,甚至牛津的我的朋友, 谁是左翼的男子和左翼的女子,
80	income per head in the countries that have allowed liberalism to work, allowed people to make deals, allowed people to move when they want,	在允许自由主义工作、允许人们做交易、允许人们随意流动的国家,
81	not enslaved them, has increased, now hear this, by a factor of 30 in real terms.	不奴役他们, 已经增加了30倍, 现在听到这一点, 按实际价值计算。
82	Your ancestors and mine, mine Irish and Norwegian and English ancestors, were unspeakably poor, so were yours.	你的祖先和我的,我的爱尔兰人,挪威人和英国人的祖先, 都非常贫穷, 你的也是。
83	A factor of 30, 3000%.	系数为3000%.
84	I asserted this at a seminar at the other university, Cambridge, last fall.	去年秋天我在剑桥另一所大学的研讨会上断言了这一点。
85	And one of the anthropologists got up and said, I understand you're 30, but 3000 is too much.	其中一个人类学家站起来说, 我知道你是30, 但是3000太多了。
86	3000%.	3000% (英语).
87	I didn't say to him, go back to your fourth grade arithmetic.	我没跟他说,回你的四年级算术
88	So if we want to help women and men too, and children, we should allow the so-called capitalism to work.	因此,如果我们想帮助妇女和男人,以及儿童,我们应该允许所谓的资本主义发挥作用.
89	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 89 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P8 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p08 7. Tamzin Lent(1_6) (P8)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p08 7. Tamzin Lent(1_6) (P8)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 17:15

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:09	the motion before the house tonight is this house believes that feminism cannot	今晚之前的动议是 这所房子认为女性主义不能
0:13	be capitalist.	成为资本家。
0:14	I look to the first speaker, Tamsin Lent, Secretary's	我找第一位演讲者 塔姆辛·伦特 秘书
0:17	Committee, St. Peter's College to open the case for the proposition.	委员会,圣彼得学院为提案立案.
0:30	Ladies and	女士们,
0:31	gentlemen, in a couple months I'm probably going to be the most hated	先生们 几个月后 我可能会成为最讨厌的人
0:35	woman on the internet.	网上的女人。
0:38	I don't know if you know this but these videos are	我不知道你是否知道这些 但是这些视频是
0:41	uploaded onto YouTube and on the internet the antithesis of the cute cat	上传到YouTube和互联网上 可爱猫的反面
0:45	videos you see, it's women talking about feminism.	是女人在谈论女性主义

展开字幕全文（236 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	the motion before the house tonight is this house believes that feminism cannot	今晚之前的动议是 这所房子认为女性主义不能
2	be capitalist.	成为资本家。
3	I look to the first speaker, Tamsin Lent, Secretary's	我找第一位演讲者 塔姆辛·伦特 秘书
4	Committee, St. Peter's College to open the case for the proposition.	委员会,圣彼得学院为提案立案.
5	Ladies and	女士们,
6	gentlemen, in a couple months I'm probably going to be the most hated	先生们 几个月后 我可能会成为最讨厌的人
7	woman on the internet.	网上的女人。
8	I don't know if you know this but these videos are	我不知道你是否知道这些 但是这些视频是
9	uploaded onto YouTube and on the internet the antithesis of the cute cat	上传到YouTube和互联网上 可爱猫的反面
10	videos you see, it's women talking about feminism.	是女人在谈论女性主义
11	So thank you madam president	谢谢你,总统女士
12	{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}因为今晚给我机会说话 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}把我的生活放在线上
13	like this.	像这样
14	Feminism strives for the social, political and economic equality	妇女争取社会、政治和经济平等
15	of the sexes.	性别。
16	Capitalism is predicated on privatisation, exploitation and	资本主义是以私有化、剥削和
17	inequality.	不平等。
18	Equality is impossible in an inherently unequal capitalist society	在本质上不平等的资本主义社会中,平等是不可能的
19	which is based upon the principle that no one is equal.	这一原则的基础是,人人平等的原则。
20	You cannot be	你不能这样
21	simultaneously feminist and capitalist.	同时是女权主义和资本主义
22	Such a position is not simply an	这一立场并不仅仅是
23	inconsistency in views, it is a contradiction in terms.	观点不一致,这在术语上是矛盾的。
24	But I stand here	但我站在这里
25	seeming to embody the very paradox I am urging cannot logically exist.	似乎体现了我所敦促的非常悖论,逻辑上是不存在的。
26	I call	我打电话
27	myself a feminist, I live in a capitalist society and I probably spent	我是一个女权主义者,我生活在一个资本主义社会 我可能花了
28	as much time deciding what to wear tonight as I did writing this speech.	和我写演讲稿一样 决定今晚穿什么
29	But	不过
30	even though we are entangled in capitalism, feminism cannot be	尽管我们被资本主义缠绕,但女性主义不能
31	capitalist.	资本家.
32	As I will show tonight, if we lean in to the corrupt system we are	正如我今晚所显示, 如果我们靠在腐败的系统,我们是
33	complicit in the very exploitative structures that we are seeking to undo.	我们正试图消除这些剥削性的结构。
34	Feminism reimagines a future based on principles of equality, justice and	女权主义在平等、正义和
35	liberty.	自由权。
36	But these redistributive ideals are fundamentally incompatible with the	但是这些再分配的理想根本上与
37	inequality capitalism necessitates.	资本主义需要不平等。
38	So not only is the idea of capitalist	所以不仅资本主义思想
39	feminism an oxymoron, it is deeply destructive to feminism.	女性主义是一种矛盾主义,对女性主义具有深刻的破坏性.
40	Feminism isn't	女权主义不是
41	about elevating a few women to positions of power.	关于将少数妇女提升到有权力的职位。
42	It's not about giving women a	这不是给女人一个
43	seat at the table.	坐到桌子边去
44	It's about dismantling the table and building a new	是要拆桌子,盖个新的
45	one all together.	一起来
46	So we can't just break the glass ceiling.	所以我们不能只是打破玻璃天花板。
47	We need to bring down	我们要打倒他
48	the building those glinting phallic skyscrapers with their lofty CEOs, like	那些闪闪发光的摩天大楼 和他们的高级CEO一样
49	{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}那些坐在那里的首席执行官 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}看着睡在里面的人
50	cardboard on city streets.	纸板在城市街道上。
51	As long as there are poor women serving you at the	只要有穷女人在酒吧为你服务
52	table, as long as there are poor women cleaning your toilets or working in	桌子,只要有 贫穷的妇女 清洁你的厕所或工作
53	factories for 44p an hour to make your feminist AF t-shirts, it doesn't matter	工厂每小时44p 做你的女权主义者AFT恤,没关系
54	how far you are leaning in in the executive suite.	你身处行政套房有多远?
55	Actions speak louder	动作更响亮
56	than t-shirts, so I urge you to vote for the proposition tonight and to show your	而不是T恤,所以我敦促你投票 今晚的提议,并展示你的
57	imaginative capacity, because capitalism has no place in the future that	想象能力,因为资本主义没有地位在未来
58	feminism reimagines.	女权主义再造。
59	My argument can be broken down into three key points.	我的论点可以分为三个要点。
60	Firstly, capitalism is predicated on the commodification of human bodies,	首先,资本主义建立在人体商品化的基础之上,
61	primarily in the form of labour.	主要是劳动形式。
62	The system was designed entirely for men by	该系统完全由男性设计
63	men.	男人们
64	The system itself inherently, not just superficially, favours the fruits of	系统本身不仅表面,而且内在地里,偏向于:
65	male labour and allows them to amass power in a way that women simply can't.	男性劳动,并允许她们以女性根本无法的方式集聚力量.
66	Secondly, feminism wouldn't be feminism unless it shows a deep suspicion of	第二,女性主义不会是女性主义,除非它表现出深刻的怀疑
67	power, something all of us at the Union are perhaps too familiar with.	权力,我们这个联盟的人 也许都太熟悉。
68	So	这么说
69	feminism can't be about giving a few women an elevated position within the	女权主义不可能是给少数女性在
70	system.	系统。
71	Feminism is necessarily pluralist.	女性主义必然是多元化的。
72	It's about fighting for equality for	是为了争取平等
73	everyone, regardless of their gender, sex, race, ethnicity or religion.	所有人,不论其性别、性别、种族、族裔或宗教如何。
74	Thirdly, how	第三,怎样
75	can equality and justice ever mean anything in a valueless society?	平等和正义在一个无价值的社会中是否意味着什么?
76	Feminism itself is hijacked under capitalism, because capitalism says to	女权主义本身在资本主义统治下被劫持,因为资本主义说
77	If we believe in it, why can't we just buy it?	如果我们相信它, 为什么我们不能只买它?
78	But firstly, the great pleasure	但首先,伟大的快乐
79	falls upon me to introduce the opposition speakers in tonight's debate.	由我来在今晚的辩论中 介绍反对派发言人
80	Opening the case of the opposition is my dear friend Viren Shetty.	我亲爱的朋友维伦·谢蒂 揭开了反对派的罪名
81	Instead of	代替
82	making the conventional disparaging joke, I'm simply going to say that I look	我只是说,我看起来
83	forward to the profound insights into female oppression and societal inequality	社会不平等的深刻见解
84	of a first-year male Hispol student from Christchurch.	克赖斯特彻奇的一年级男学生
85	You'll then hear from Kate	凯特再打给你
86	Andrews, the economics correspondent at The Spectator, who was previously	安德鲁斯,《观察家》的经济学记者,他以前是
87	Associate Director of the IEA, which calls itself a free market think tank.	国际能源机构副局长,自称自由市场智库.
88	Nothing says free market think tank like being registered as a charity, but being	自由市场智囊团就像注册为慈善机构一样
89	funded by the tobacco industry.	由烟草业供资。
90	Am I right?	是吗?
91	Finally, closing the case of the	最后,结案。
92	opposition is Deidre Mikloski, Professor of Economics, History, English and	反对的是Deidre Mikloski, 经济学、历史学、英语和经济学教授,
93	Communications at the University of Illinois and author of Why Liberalism Works.	伊利诺伊大学的通讯和"为什么自由主义工程"的作者.
94	Mikloski argues that we should replace the word capitalism with innovatism.	米克洛斯基认为,我们应该用创新主义取代资本主义一词。
95	And I mean, I'm pretty sure we can mcclose the case here.	我的意思是,我敢肯定,我们可以 移动这里的案件。
96	Madam President, these are your speakers and they are of course most welcome.	主席女士,这些是你们的发言者,当然他们非常受欢迎。
97	So tonight, I'm going to argue that women will always just be cogs in a wheel in a	因此,今晚,我要去争论 女人将永远只是 齿轮在轮子
98	capitalist system, a system designed by men for men.	资本主义制度,一种由男子为男子设计的制度.
99	Capitalism is structured on	资本主义的结构
100	exchange and typically the exchange of women who circulate as property,	交换和一般交换作为财产流通的妇女;
101	literally given away from father to husband as a fetishized commodity.	将父亲交给丈夫 作为一种迷信商品
102	We can	我们可以
103	see this in the fact that marital rape wasn't even a crime in England until 1991.	在1991年以前,婚内强奸在英国甚至不算犯罪。
104	Or America until 1993.	或美国至1993年.
105	You couldn't rape your wife like you couldn't burgle your	你不能强奸你的妻子 就像你打不开你的屁股一样
106	own home.	拥有自己的家
107	Capitalism measures individuals by their productivity output.	资本主义以个人的生产力产出来衡量个人.
108	Humans are	人类是
109	alienated, turned into profit and commodified.	疏远,变成利润和商品化.
110	So what isn't economically	所以,什么是不经济的
111	productive has no value.	生产没有价值。
112	Let's look at the implications of this.	让我们来看看这个影响。
113	It means in	意思是说
114	Child rearing has no value.	养育子女没有价值。
115	I don't want to live in a society where all I am	我不想生活在一个我所有的社会中
116	valued for is how many days I can work.	价值多少天,我可以工作。
117	Does it really make sense that if I go on	如果我继续的话,这真的有意义吗?
118	maternity leave, I am seen to have negative value?	产假,我被看成是负值?
119	Or does capitalism just	或者资本主义只是
120	value the wrong things?	重视错误的事物?
121	Feminism is about seeing another type of value than body's	女性主义是指看到另一种价值 而不是身体的
122	economic productivity, human value.	经济生产力,人的价值.
123	It's about envisioning a system in which we	这是关于设想一个系统 在其中我们
124	can have zero economic worth whatsoever, but we'd still have value as people.	但作为人,我们仍有价值。
125	What capitalism does is it compounds inequality.	资本主义所做的就是加剧不平等。
126	If women are paid an average	如果妇女平均得到报酬
127	of 72 cents for every dollar paid to men, according to capitalist economics, women	根据资本主义经济学,妇女每付给男子72美分
128	are only able to produce about 70% of what a man can.	只有70%的人能生产
129	So if you side with the	所以,如果你站在一边
130	opposition, are you accepting that a woman is only able to produce 70% of what	反对,你是否接受女性只能生产70%的
131	a man is worth?	一个人值得吗?
132	Are you saying it is justified that compared to a white man's	你是说 和白人相比 这是有道理的
133	dollar, the white women make 72 cents, an African-American woman 64 cents and a	美元,白人女人赚72美分, 一个非裔美国人女人64美分,一个
134	Hispanic woman 56 cents?	西班牙女人56分钱?
135	I mean, to address this fault and market failure, the	我的意思是,为了解决这个错误和市场失灵,
136	government has had to intervene, and government intervention is fundamentally	政府不得不干预,而政府干预基本上是
137	at odds with free market capitalism.	与自由市场资本主义背道而驰。
138	And even this fails because capitalism will	甚至因为资本主义会失败
139	always exploit loopholes for profit.	总是利用漏洞牟利。
140	Since the Equal Pay Act of 1970, it has	自1970年《同酬法》以来,
141	been illegal to pay different amounts of money to people for the same job, but the	为同一工作向人们支付不同数额的钱是非法的,但
142	inequality gap has widened since then.	从那时起,不平等的差距扩大了。
143	Clearly, capitalist feminism has been and	显然,资本主义女权主义一直和
144	always will be irrelevant to poor women, women of colour, queer women, trans women	永远与贫穷妇女、有色人种妇女、同性恋妇女、变性妇女无关
145	and the working class, and that's why intersectionality is so critical to	和工人阶级, 这就是为什么交叉性如此关键
146	feminism.	女权主义.
147	Because if it only works for a few women who come out on top, it won't	因为如果只有几个女人能从上面出来 就不会
148	work at all.	完全没有工作。
149	Feminists have to be pluralists, given the historical exclusion of women.	鉴于历史上妇女被排斥在外,女权主义者必须是多元化的。
150	We have to fight for everyone.	我们必须为所有人而战。
151	And so, my second point is that women in power are too	因此,我的第二点是,掌权的女性也是
152	often palatable figureheads for corrupt corporations.	经常是腐败公司的好人物。
153	If a company behaves	如果一个公司的行为
154	absolutely terribly, but its director is a woman, is that really still feminism?	绝对可怕,但是它的导演是个女人, 那真的还是女性主义吗?
155	Will having a few more women on the boards of JP Morgan or Goldman Sachs lead to any real change?	在JP摩根或高盛的董事会中再多几个女性会带来任何真正的改变吗?
156	Or is it actually something much more sinister?	还是更邪恶的东西?
157	A hoax to cover up the reality	一个掩盖现实的骗局
158	that they materially disadvantage hundreds of thousands of women?	他们实际上对数十万妇女不利?
159	Should we really	我们真的应该
160	celebrate the fact that the head of the CIA is now female?	庆祝中央情报局的负责人现在是女性吗?
161	Surely Gina Haspel, who once	吉娜・哈斯佩尔,曾经
162	oversaw torture at a black site in Thailand, is not a feminist icon, but just a glorified water	在泰国一个黑点监督酷刑, 不是一个女权偶像,
163	border?	边界?
164	Should we really celebrate the fact that four of the five largest defence companies in	5个最大的国防公司中有4个
165	America are run by women and forget about the women their bombs are being dropped on?	美国被女人操控 忘记那些女人 他们的炸弹被投在?
166	We need to avoid making the fatal error of saying that a woman who is successful is synonymous	我们必须避免说成功的女人是同义词
167	with a feminist.	和一个女权主义者
168	By that formula, Margaret Thatcher, who in 11 years promoted only one woman to her	玛格丽特·撒切尔 11年来只提拔了一个女人
169	cabinet, would be called a feminist just because she was in a position of power and wore handbags	内阁,会被称为女权主义者 只是因为她处于权力的地位 和手提包
170	and power suits.	和动力服。
171	We're meant to be inspired by Madeleine Albright, who broke the glass ceiling	我们的灵感来自玛德琳·奥尔布赖特 他打破了玻璃天花板
172	by becoming the first female secretary of state, and just ignore the fact that she excused the death	成为第一位女国务卿 却无视她为死亡辩护的事实
173	of half a million Iraqi children by saying it was worth it.	50万伊拉克儿童说,这是值得的。
174	Nowhere does it say that being a feminist	它没有说作为一个女权主义者
175	is being a woman in power.	是个掌权的女人
176	The girl boss strand of feminism fails.	女权主义的女老大失败了
177	Hillary Clinton tried for change	希拉里·克林顿试图改变
178	within a political system, but she was trumped.	在一个政治体制中,但她被征服了。
179	Tried quite hard with that one.	尝试了相当努力。
180	She was trumped by a misogynist.	她被一个厌恶女性主义者征服了
181	When we obsess over getting women into powerful positions,	当我们沉迷于让女性进入强势位置时
182	we are just missing the point.	我们只是错过了重点。
183	It is impossible to change through reforming the institutional system.	改革体制体制是不可能改变的。
184	We can't just add women and stir them into the mix.	我们不能只是增加女人 和刺激她们进入混合。
185	We need to change it up from the bottom.	我们需要改变它 从下。
186	So as I come to my last point, I want to ask you,	我最后一点想问你
187	how can equality and justice ever mean anything in a valueless society?	在一个无价值的社会中,平等和正义怎么会意味着什么?
188	Capitalism has no values	资本主义没有价值
189	except profit.	除了利润
190	So if exploitation generates profit, profit will always be made regardless.	因此,如果剥削产生利润,无论怎样,利润总是会实现的.
191	From the exploitative porn industry, to advertisements, to strip bars, to cigarettes,	从剥削色情业,到广告, 脱衣舞酒吧,到香烟,
192	capitalism churns out negative consumption externalities because cash rules, not people.	资本主义消除了负面的消费外在因素 因为现金规则,而不是人。
193	We are taunted by the fact that feminism itself is commodified, exploited by companies which	我们感到沮丧的是,女性主义本身就被商品化,被一些公司所利用。
194	pretend to promote feminism, but really only profit from it.	假装提倡女性主义,但实际上只从中获利.
195	Your, this is what a feminist looks like	你的,这就是一个女权主义者的样子
196	T恤,取自Ngozi Adichie的Ted Talk的引文 由Dior回收并商业化
197	was made in a Mauritian sweatshop by women earning 62 pence an hour.	在毛里求斯一家血汗工厂,妇女每小时挣62便士。
198	There's a poignancy	有一波罗蜜
199	to Beyonce saying bow down bitches.	碧昂丝说要跪下婊子
200	Given her sportswear brand is produced in factories	鉴于她的运动服品牌是工厂生产的
201	employing mostly women who earn less than 44 pence an hour.	雇用的主要是每小时收入不到44便士的妇女。
202	Natalie Portman's recent dress protest	娜塔莉·波特曼最近举行的服装抗议
203	might have made headlines, but she was just playing another role as a feminist.	但她只是扮演另一个女权主义者的角色
204	Given that	鉴于此
205	she had barely worked with any female directors herself, we can see the hypocrisy of capitalist	她几乎没有和任何女导演合作过 我们可以看到资本主义的虚伪
206	feminism.	女权主义.
207	So if we subscribe to Sandra Bullock or Reese Witherspoon's crusade to make as many	因此,如果我们订阅桑德拉·布洛克或里斯·威瑟斯庞的十字军以制造尽可能多的
208	millions of dollars as their male co-stars in the name of feminism, we subscribe to our own	以女权主义为名 以百万美元为男明星 我们认同自己的
209	obligation.	义务。
210	Corporate feminism, trickle down feminism, white feminism, whatever you want to	企业女权主义 滴滴女权主义 白人女权主义 随便你怎么说
211	call it, capitalist feminism will always be counterproductive to feminism.	资本主义女权主义对女权主义总是适得其反的.
212	It distills	蒸馏
213	feminism into hashtags like girl power, slaps it onto slogan t-shirts, commodifies it and sells it	女权主义成像女权的标签,扇它到标语T恤上,将其商品化并出售
214	to us through white wealthy women who claim feminism as their own brand.	我们通过白人富人 声称女性主义是自己的品牌。
215	The girl bosses	女老大们
216	and the CEO's are not only a mockery of feminism, they are part of the ploy of the patriarchy	并且CEO不仅是对女性主义的嘲弄 他们也是父权主义的阴谋
217	to edge out real feminist movements going on in places like Lebanon or Chile.	让真正的女权运动在黎巴嫩或智利展开
218	Ladies and	女士们,
219	gentlemen, the idea of capitalist feminism is a sham.	先生们,资本主义女权主义的想法是虚假的.
220	It's a distraction.	谓分心.
221	就像YouTube的评论
222	on this video will likely focus on anything other than what I'm actually saying, capitalist feminism	除了我所说的 资本主义女权主义之外
223	focuses on raising salaries for women to stop us questioning where that money comes from in the	重点是提高女性的工资 以阻止我们质疑 钱来自哪里
224	first place.	初总标.
225	It's not feminism at all.	这根本不是女性主义
226	It's a beautiful obfuscating trick of the patriarchy.	父权之术,颇有美焉.
227	It is the reason why a hundred years on from first wave feminism we can see that almost every	这就是为什么一百年来 从第一波女性主义 我们可以看到几乎每一个
228	significant social, political and cultural institution remains, as it always has been,	与以往一样,重要的社会、政治和文化机构依然存在,
229	dominated by men.	以男人为主
230	From comedy shows to courts, from politics to unions, except thankfully	从喜剧表演到法庭, 从政治到工会, 除了感谢
231	the Oxford Union.	牛津大学联盟。
232	Look, I don't care what you call yourself.	听着,我不在乎你自称什么
233	If you claim to fight for women's rights	如果你声称要争取妇女权利
234	while simultaneously supporting an economic system that exploits, denigrates and subjugates	同时支持一个利用、诋毁和征服的经济体系
235	women, you're no girl.	女人,你不是一个女孩。
236	You are no girl boss to me.	对我来说你不是老大

该视频共有字幕 236 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P9 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p09 8. Viren Shetty(2_6) (P9)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p09 8. Viren Shetty(2_6) (P9)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 14:39

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:08	We will now look to Vern Chatty, sponsorship officer of Christchurch, to open the case	我们现在要由克赖斯特彻奇的赞助官弗恩·查蒂来开案
0:13	for the opposition.	为反对派。
0:23	Thank you, Madam President, and thank you in particular for giving me, a man, a platform	主席女士,谢谢你,并特别感谢你给我,一个男人,一个平台
0:30	to speak in this feminism debate.	在这场女权主义辩论中发言。
0:33	I do think, however, that this debate is linked intrinsically to the role men play within	但我确实认为,这次辩论与男子在以下领域发挥的作用有着内在的联系:
0:39	feminism and the wider campaign for gender equality.	女性主义和更广泛的两性平等运动。
0:42	Feminism has long been associated with men giving up power or ceding control over institutions	长期以来,女性主义与男子放弃权力或放弃对机构的控制有关。
0:48	against their own interests.	违背他们自己的利益。
0:50	But I don't believe that feminism in today's capitalist system works like this.	但我不相信今天资本主义制度中的女权主义是这样的.
0:55	In today's highly individualistic and profit-driven society, the task given to feminists is to	在当今高度个性化和利润驱动的社会里,赋予女权主义者的任务是

展开字幕全文（182 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	We will now look to Vern Chatty, sponsorship officer of Christchurch, to open the case	我们现在要由克赖斯特彻奇的赞助官弗恩·查蒂来开案
2	for the opposition.	为反对派。
3	Thank you, Madam President, and thank you in particular for giving me, a man, a platform	主席女士,谢谢你,并特别感谢你给我,一个男人,一个平台
4	to speak in this feminism debate.	在这场女权主义辩论中发言。
5	I do think, however, that this debate is linked intrinsically to the role men play within	但我确实认为,这次辩论与男子在以下领域发挥的作用有着内在的联系:
6	feminism and the wider campaign for gender equality.	女性主义和更广泛的两性平等运动。
7	Feminism has long been associated with men giving up power or ceding control over institutions	长期以来,女性主义与男子放弃权力或放弃对机构的控制有关。
8	against their own interests.	违背他们自己的利益。
9	But I don't believe that feminism in today's capitalist system works like this.	但我不相信今天资本主义制度中的女权主义是这样的.
10	In today's highly individualistic and profit-driven society, the task given to feminists is to	在当今高度个性化和利润驱动的社会里,赋予女权主义者的任务是
11	give women enough agency and power to tap into their own profit-making ability.	给予妇女足够的权力和权力,使她们能够利用自己的盈利能力。
12	Whether this be by putting safety measures in place at work to prevent sexual abuse,	是否通过在工作场所采取安全措施防止性虐待,
13	getting rid of tampon taxes, or granting women the right to a safe and legal abortion, such	或给予妇女安全和合法堕胎的权利,例如
14	measures help women participate in the capitalist system which the proposition is so deptly criticising.	措施有助于妇女参与资本主义制度,而这种主张却令人发指。
15	In a society where women have the ability to create profit, therefore, it's in men's	因此,在一个妇女有能力创造利润的社会里,这是男人的
16	individual interests to engage both with women and the campaign for gender equality, to redress	个人利益与妇女参与和促进两性平等运动,以纠正
17	the imbalances in capitalism's current form.	资本主义目前形式的不平衡。
18	My first point tonight, therefore, is that capitalism has been good for feminism and	因此,我今晚的第一点是 资本主义对女性主义和
19	for the condition of women around the world.	为全世界妇女的状况服务。
20	If capitalism is a system where people are driven by profit, surely society, at least	如果资本主义是一种制度 人们被利润驱动, 肯定的社会,至少
21	in theory, surely it isn't in anyone's interests for 50% of the world's population to be suppressed	从理论上讲,全世界50%的人口被镇压,肯定不符合任何人的利益。
22	and their potential to be untapped.	以及他们的潜力。
23	Although very evidently this isn't the case in practice, this is where feminism comes	虽然很显然,实际情况并非如此,但这就是女性主义出现的地方
24	into play.	进入游戏。
25	This brings me on to my second point, that feminism can work to redress the power imbalances	这让我回到我的第二点, 女性主义可以解决权力不平衡
26	that exist within today's capitalist macrostructures.	在今天的资本主义宏观结构中存在
27	Feminism was born out of capitalism.	女权主义产生于资本主义.
28	Within societies where women's first desires were neither social nor political but economic.	在妇女最初愿望的社会里,既不是社会,也不是政治的,而是经济的。
29	I will show, therefore, that much of the progress made by feminism has been very compatible	因此,我要表明,女性主义取得的许多进展是相容的。
30	with capitalism and that future progress is too.	和资本主义, 未来的进步也是。
31	My third and final point is to step back from the motion and to look at what it implies.	我的第三点也是最后一点,就是从动议中退一步,看看它意味着什么。
32	In arguing that feminism cannot be capitalist, the proposition are arguing that being a feminist	主张女性主义不能成为资本主义,
33	forces you to place yourself on the left, departing from the traditional view of feminism	强迫你站在左侧 脱离传统的女性主义观点
34	as an ideology that sits above the political spectrum, which should be accepted by all.	作为一种意识形态,它凌驾于政治层面之上,应当为所有人所接受。
35	More dangerously, perhaps, the motion is telling women to curtail their ambition, trying to	更危险的是,也许这个动议是要求女性减少她们的野心,试图
36	dictate how successful they can and should aspire to be, by making them feel guilt for	让他们感到愧疚,从而决定他们能够并且应该期望获得多大的成功。
37	experiencing the same success as men.	和男人一样成功
38	Before I continue, however, it falls upon me to introduce the proposition speakers tonight.	然而,在我继续发言之前,我不得不在今晚介绍提议发言者。
39	You've just heard from Tamsin Lent, a first year English student at St Peter's College	你刚从Tamsin Lent那里听说 圣彼得学院的一年级英语学生
40	and a standout member of the Secretary's Committee.	并担任秘书委员会委员。
41	While Tamsin has decried capitalist feminism tonight, what she hasn't told you is that	虽然谭辛今晚谴责资本主义女权主义 但她没告诉你的是
42	she too was a victim of capitalist feminism when she paid £4 every month for Kylie Jenner's	她也是资本主义女权主义的受害者 她每月给凯莉・简纳4英镑
43	app, Kylie.	应用,凯莉。
44	This gave her access to make-up tutorials, Kylie's outfits, Kylie's favourite artists	这使得她有机会获得化妆辅导,凯莉的服装,凯莉最喜欢的艺术家.
45	and of course the Kardashian Jenner livestream.	当然还有卡戴珊的Jenner直播
46	Second is Louisa Brug, a second year PPist at Wadham College and Director of Press at	第二位是路易莎·布鲁格(Louisa Brug),是瓦德姆学院的第二年PPist,并担任新闻主任.
47	the Union.	联盟。
48	I recently found out that in Louisa's pastime she coaches the German school debating team.	我最近发现在路易莎的消遣中 她指导德国学校辩论队
49	Well, so you'll have to forgive her if her arguments put you to sleep tonight.	好吧,所以你必须原谅她 如果她的论点让你今晚睡觉。
50	Finally, we have Dr Nicole Ashef, sociologist, writer and author of The New Profits of Capital,	最后,我们有Nicole Ashef博士,社会学家,作家和《资本的新利润》的作者,
51	which challenges the assumptions of capitalist society, going as far as to challenge the	挑战资本主义社会的假设,甚至挑战
52	public's love of Oprah.	大众爱奥普拉.
53	I think I can safely say that this won't be winning her many supporters tonight.	我觉得我可以肯定地说,这不会赢得 她的许多支持者今晚。
54	Madam President, these are your guests and they are most welcome.	主席女士,这是你的客人,非常欢迎。
55	Capitalism is therefore, at least in theory, a system where private owners of business	因此,至少在理论上,资本主义是一种由私人企业所有者组成的制度。
56	and property are driven only by profit.	财产只能靠利润驱动
57	If we take today's high competitive, cutthroat globalised economy to be the most reflective	如果我们把今天的高竞争力, 断气的全球化经济 最反射
58	of this theorised version of capitalism that we've ever seen, then no wonder that today's	我们从未见过的资本主义理论化版本,
59	women are the freest and most equal than ever before.	妇女是最自由的,也是最平等的。
60	As we've moved away from feudal modes of production, dismantling hierarchies based around male	随着我们远离封建生产模式, 拆除了基于男性的等级
61	primogeniture, capital has come to realise the wasted potential in having 50% of the	资本已经认识到 拥有50%的
62	population not participating in the economy.	参加经济活动的人口。
63	The McKinsey Report, Diversity Matters, reveal that for every 10% increase in gender diversity	麦肯锡报告《多样性问题》显示,性别多样性每增加10%
64	in business, there's a 3.5% increase in profit.	在商业,利润增加3.5%。
65	We don't need an MBA to understand that employees want the best person for the job, regardless	我们不需要一个MBA来理解 员工需要最好的人选
66	of their gender.	他们的性别。
67	And, shock horror, sometimes that person's a woman.	震惊的恐怖 那个人有时候是个女人
68	Through the process of industrialisation and the experience of war, in the West we have	通过工业化进程和战争经验,我们在西方有
69	reached a position where 70% of women are working and the rates of men and women in	70%的妇女正在工作,而男子与妇女的比例
70	higher education are equal.	高等教育是平等的。
71	Within this population of working women, some have had extraordinary levels of success.	在这些劳动妇女中,有些取得了非凡的成功。
72	Ginny Rometty, CEO of IBM, controls a company worth over £140 billion.	IBM首席执行官Ginny Rometty控制着一家价值超过1400亿英镑的公司.
73	Zhou Qunfei, born in a small village in Hunan province China and founder of Lens Technology,	周昆菲,出生于中国湖南省的一个小村庄,伦斯科技创始人,,
74	is now worth a whopping $6 billion.	现在值60亿美元
75	The break the glass ceiling metaphor may be an overused one, but that doesn't make it	打破玻璃天花板的比喻可能被过度使用,但这并不说明
76	any less potent.	任何不那么强大的。
77	Even though these women lie at the very extreme of society, they reflect the scale of accomplishment	尽管这些妇女处于社会的极端地位,但是她们反映了成就的程度。
78	of women within capitalist society.	妇女在资本主义社会中的地位。
79	And these women, who have managed to make capitalism work for them, something which	而这些妇女, 他们设法使资本主义 为他们工作,
80	wouldn't have been possible very long ago.	不会是很久以前。
81	While you've heard from Tamsin that capitalism benefits only the top 1% of women, even if	虽然你从塔姆辛那里听说 资本主义只惠及女性的1%
82	we take a look at the other extreme, we can see that capitalism and the desire to work	我们看看另一个极端 我们可以看到资本主义 和工作的愿望
83	for profit has helped women lead their families out of poverty in developing nations.	在发展中国家,营利使妇女带领家庭摆脱贫穷。
84	It is the entrepreneurial spirit of women, working in the informal sector, setting up	在非正规部门工作的妇女的创业精神
85	small businesses, but learning to be conscious of how they spend their money, which has brought	小企业,但学习如何意识到 他们如何花他们的钱, 这带来了
86	millions out of poverty.	数百万人摆脱了贫困。
87	Self-employed women, with control of their earnings, have the ability to make decisions	自营职业妇女控制其收入,有能力作出决定。
88	themselves about how to spend their money.	如何花他们的钱。
89	Instead of being dependent on a small proportion of their husband's earnings, they're given	与其依赖丈夫收入的一小部分,不如给他们
90	the agency to spend money as they choose from their children's schooling, education, clothes	他们从子女学校、教育、衣服中选择花钱的机构
91	and food.	还有食物
92	The Grameen Bank, founded in 1983 by Muhammad Yunus, is a microfinance organisation which	格拉明银行成立于1983年,由Muhammad Yunus创立,是一个小额供资组织,
93	provided over $29 billion in loans to poor borrowers without requiring collateral.	向贫穷借款人提供290多亿美元的贷款,不需要抵押。
94	Yunus credits the success of his organisation, which brought him a Nobel Peace Prize in 2006,	尤努斯称赞他的组织取得了成功,使他在2006年获得了诺贝尔和平奖.
95	with an approach which doesn't base itself on handouts and grants to women, but a system	其方法不以向女性施舍和赠款为基础,而是一种制度
96	where individuals feel an impetus to pay back loans and keep themselves eligible for future	* 个人感到有动力偿还贷款并保持其未来资格
97	ones.	这些
98	Both the bank and the individual women, therefore, are acting in the interests of capital and	因此,银行和妇女个人都为了资本和资产的利益采取行动。
99	profit within a capitalist framework, and it is this which has led to increased inequality	资本主义框架内的利润,正是这导致不平等加剧
100	in these areas.	在这些地区。
101	These examples of capitalism being good for feminism are evident, but it's also important	这些资本主义有利于女权主义的例子很明显,但同样重要的是
102	to note that sexism can exist without capitalism, and that communism and socialism haven't	需要指出的是,没有资本主义,性别主义是可以存在的,而共产主义和社会主义并没有
103	proven themselves to be better systems for tackling gender inequality whatsoever.	事实证明自己是解决两性不平等问题的更好系统。
104	It's something that Yunus touches on when he criticises a system of handouts to poor	尤努斯批评向穷人施舍的系统时 会触及到这个问题
105	women and expecting this to miraculously bring them out of poverty.	妇女希望这能奇迹般地使她们摆脱贫困。
106	Creating a system, a bureaucracy run by men, in which individual agency is minimised gives	创建一个制度,一个由男子管理的官僚机构,其中将个别机构减少到最低限度
107	little hope for feminism and little scope for it to act.	女性主义的希望很小,它的行动空间也很小。
108	In a system where it's in men's interest to monopolise capital and they have the power	在一个体系中,如果垄断资本符合男人的利益,他们就拥有权力
109	and the ability to do so, women and feminism are stuck.	以及这样做的能力,妇女和女性主义被卡住了。
110	This brings me to my second point, that feminism works best in a capitalist society and is	这让我想到我的第二点, 女权主义在资本主义社会中最有效,并且是
111	in the current system.	在当前系统中。
112	To argue that today's form of capitalism is ideal for women would be ludicrous, and	认为今天的资本主义形式对妇女来说是理想的,是可笑的,
113	that all women have the agency to reach out and grab it if they choose.	所有女人都有主动权,如果她们选择的话,可以伸手抓住它。
114	Arguing that women choose to enter prostitution and accept depressed wages in menial jobs	认为妇女选择卖淫并接受低工资从事体力劳动
115	of their own volition is ignorant, and it's clear that even in a supposedly capitalist	他们的意志是无知的, 很明显,即使在一个所谓的资本主义
116	society, those in power are often motivated by things other than profit, and have their	社会,掌权者往往出于利润之外的东西,并拥有他们的
117	judgement clouded by prejudice.	判决因偏见而模糊不清。
118	However, feminism has done a lot to make capitalist structures work for women within the current	然而,在目前情况下,女性主义在使资本主义结构有利于妇女方面做了很多工作。
119	system.	系统。
120	These are women working within the current system to break it.	这些妇女是在现行制度内工作以打破这种制度。
121	In September 2009, Feminist City workers joined forces with the Fawcett Society to fight the	2009年9月,女权运动者城的工人与Fawcett协会联合起来,打击
122	encroachment of the sex industry into their working lives.	性产业对其工作生活的侵犯。
123	In January 2013, Sheryl Sandberg set up LeanIn.org, a website which enables successful business	2013年1月,谢里尔·桑德伯格(英语:Sheryl Sandberg)建立了LeanIn.org,该网站使得商业得以成功.
124	women to help other women achieve their goals.	妇女帮助其他妇女实现其目标。
125	In June 2019, the International Labour Organisation, at the behest of feminist NGOs, adopted a	2019年6月,国际劳工组织在女权主义非政府组织的授意下,通过了
126	treaty to establish global standards on workplace violence and harassment.	建立工作场所暴力和骚扰全球标准的条约。
127	These are all private initiatives undertaken by individual groups of women to make capitalism	这些都是个别妇女群体为制造资本主义而采取的私人举措。
128	work for them.	他们的工作。
129	They don't want to see their fellow women working in oppressive conditions feel unwelcome	他们不想看到同事在压迫性条件下工作 感到不受欢迎
130	in the workforce or uncomfortable due to the sexualisation of business, and so they	或因商业性化而不舒服,因此,
131	have decided to do something about it.	决定做点什么
132	I see the MeToo movement in a very similar light.	我看见MeToo运动的光线非常相似。
133	Yes, the old system was warped and waited in favour of men who had the power and the	是的,旧的制度被扭曲 等待的人谁有权力和
134	ability to exploit women beneath them in the pecking order.	能够利用她们下面的女人 在啄食顺序。
135	But it wasn't capitalism's fault.	但这不是资本主义的错。
136	It was the men who felt like they were untouchable.	是那些男人觉得他们是不可接触的
137	A boys' club where it was in everyone's interest to keep women out and not speak out.	一个男人的俱乐部 在那里,这是符合每个人的利益的 不让女人 而不说话。
138	Today, however, with more women in the workplace and in positions of power, and with more women	然而,如今,在工作场所和掌权岗位上的妇女人数有所增加,妇女的人数也有所增加。
139	with the financial capabilities to press charges against abusers, women are gaining back their	由于有能力对施虐者提出指控,妇女正在恢复其经济能力。
140	agency and are using capitalism to do so.	并正在利用资本主义这样做。
141	The rise of women taking control of capitalist power structures has been helped by government	妇女控制资本主义权力结构的崛起得到了政府的帮助。
142	legislation, giving women control of their own baby-making capacity, paid maternity leave	法律赋予妇女控制自己的生育能力,带薪产假
143	and moving towards a system where two working parents as the norm gives women the ability	并走向一个以双职工父母为规范的给予妇女能力的制度;
144	to make choices about work, fertility and family life.	在工作、生育和家庭生活方面做出选择。
145	Such measures show how women can work with capitalism to make capitalism work for women.	这些措施表明妇女如何能够与资本主义合作,使资本主义为妇女服务。
146	So if women can make capitalism work for them, why should their feminism, their desire for	因此,如果妇女可以让资本主义为她们服务,为什么她们的女权主义,她们渴望
147	equal rights, force them to oppose the system?	平等的权利,强迫他们反对这个制度?
148	According to the motion at hand, feminism isn't pure or true unless it opposes the	根据目前的动议,女性主义不是纯洁的,也不是真实的,除非它反对
149	entire system.	整个系统
150	This is a dangerous road for feminism to go down.	这是一条危险的女权主义道路。
151	It gives feminism its place on the political spectrum, neatly placed as another left-wing	它赋予了女性主义在政治界的地位, 完美地定位为另一个左翼
152	ideology rather than the universal one it should aspire to be.	而不是它所期望的普遍性。
153	We lose the ability to expect our leaders to be feminists, to expect our constitution	我们丧失了期待领袖们成为女权主义者的能力 期待我们的宪法
154	to be feminist.	成为女权主义者。
155	Once we start to tie it to a complete overhaul of the system, both a large number of conservative	一旦我们开始把它与 系统的全面整顿联系起来, 两个都大量的保守
156	women and a large number of conservative men who have benefited from capitalist structures	妇女以及大量从资本主义结构中受益的保守派男子
157	but would still regard themselves as feminists today would feel excluded.	但今天仍会认为自己是女权主义者,
158	Those who believe in the importance of equality of opportunity for women and men but not in	相信男女机会平等的重要性但
159	obtaining equality of outcome would also feel excluded.	取得结果平等也会感到被排斥。
160	A desire to look at the economic implications of every issue would mean feminists who believe	想要研究每个问题的经济影响 意味着女权主义者相信
161	in a political, rights-based form of feminism, issues such as widening access to education,	以政治、权利为基础的女权主义形式,诸如扩大受教育机会等问题,
162	to birth control and giving women the same freedom of movement and expression as men	给予妇女与男子同样的行动和言论自由
163	would feel excluded.	会觉得被排除在外。
164	This fundamentally comes back to whether or not one's feminism should dictate one's	这根本上是回到一个人的 女性主义是否应该支配一个人的
165	wider political opinions.	更广泛的政治观点。
166	How can feminists tell other women where they ought to lie on the political spectrum?	女权主义者怎么能告诉其他妇女在政治领域应该躺在哪里?
167	How can women be forced to accept a feminism which destroys the structures that have helped	如何迫使妇女接受女性主义,这种主义摧毁了帮助妇女发展的结构。
168	them in the past, structures which they see as having changed to give women more agency	他们认为这些结构已经改变,使妇女拥有更多的权力。
169	and more ability to harness their own potential?	更有能力利用自身的潜力?
170	Finally, capitalism is today's status quo and a system which isn't going anywhere	最后,资本主义是今天的现状 和制度是不会去任何地方的
171	for the foreseeable future.	在可预见的未来。
172	The left in the West have to some extent accepted this and committed themselves to finding a	西方的左翼在某种程度上接受了这一点,并承诺要找到
173	more palatable form of capitalism based around the principles of equality of opportunity	以机会均等原则为基础的更优惠的资本主义形式
174	and meritocracy.	和功勋管理。
175	A vote in favour of the motion today, therefore, is a vote of pessimism, that we can't make	因此,今天对动议投赞成票是悲观主义的表决,我们不能这样做。
176	today's system work in the interests of gender equality, that the feminist ideal is unattainable	今天的制度有利于性别平等, 女权主义的理想是无法实现的
177	without structural overhaul, and that the work of feminists within capitalist structures	以及女权主义者在资本主义结构内的工作
178	is futile.	这是徒劳的。
179	Therefore, in voting that feminism can be capitalist, we are voting with confidence	因此,在投票中,女性主义可以成为资本主义,我们有信心地投票。
180	and with hope in the ability of capitalism to be good for feminism and the ability of	并满怀希望地希望资本主义有能力 善于女性主义
181	feminism to work to improve capitalism in today's world and tomorrow's.	女权主义致力于改善当今世界和明天的资本主义.
182	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 182 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P10 · 【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p10 9. Broeg(3_6) (P10)

【牛津大学】英音精选 # 辩论社，女权主义和资本主义能共存吗# p10 9. Broeg(3_6) (P10)

发布于 2026-09-21 · 时长 9:24

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:09	I'd like to Louisa Brogues, standing committee, Wadham College, to continue the case for the proposition.	我想让Louisa Brogues, 华德姆学院的常务委员会, 继续做这个提议。
0:20	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.	晚上好 女士们先生们
0:22	As you can probably tell from the fact that I'm an undergraduate student at Wadham College,	正如你可能从我是一个本科生的事实 瓦德姆学院,
0:27	I describe myself as a democratic socialist and a feminist.	我把自己描述为一个民主的社会主义者和女权主义者.
0:31	But let me start this speech by defining what feminism is not.	但我首先要说明什么不是女性主义。
0:36	Feminism is not a female CEO.	女性主义不是女性首席执行官。
0:39	Feminism is not a female prime minister, president or chancellor.	女权主义不是女总理、总统或女议长。
0:44	And as much as the officer team at tonight's debate might imply otherwise,	虽然今晚辩论的军官团队 可能暗示了别的事
0:49	feminism is also not an all-female officer team or an all-female slate in the upcoming union election.	在即将举行的工会选举中,女权主义也不是一个完全由女性组成的军官队伍,也不是一个完全由女性组成的队伍。
0:56	I'm not saying that it's in any way bad that women hold these positions,	我不是说女人担任这些职位是件坏事

展开字幕全文（91 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	I'd like to Louisa Brogues, standing committee, Wadham College, to continue the case for the proposition.	我想让Louisa Brogues, 华德姆学院的常务委员会, 继续做这个提议。
2	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.	晚上好 女士们先生们
3	As you can probably tell from the fact that I'm an undergraduate student at Wadham College,	正如你可能从我是一个本科生的事实 瓦德姆学院,
4	I describe myself as a democratic socialist and a feminist.	我把自己描述为一个民主的社会主义者和女权主义者.
5	But let me start this speech by defining what feminism is not.	但我首先要说明什么不是女性主义。
6	Feminism is not a female CEO.	女性主义不是女性首席执行官。
7	Feminism is not a female prime minister, president or chancellor.	女权主义不是女总理、总统或女议长。
8	And as much as the officer team at tonight's debate might imply otherwise,	虽然今晚辩论的军官团队 可能暗示了别的事
9	feminism is also not an all-female officer team or an all-female slate in the upcoming union election.	在即将举行的工会选举中,女权主义也不是一个完全由女性组成的军官队伍,也不是一个完全由女性组成的队伍。
10	I'm not saying that it's in any way bad that women hold these positions,	我不是说女人担任这些职位是件坏事
11	but that it is not what the aim of feminism should be and what it is.	但这不是女性主义的目的和目的。
12	I will argue tonight that feminism should be about equality for all women, not just those at the very top.	我今晚要说,女性主义应该是所有妇女的平等,而不仅仅是那些处于最高层的妇女。
13	For women of colour, for working-class women and for women in developing countries.	发展中国家的有色妇女、工人阶级妇女和妇女。
14	Verin has told you that we've made great progress and that capitalism has helped us get there.	维林已经告诉你,我们已经取得了巨大的进步,资本主义帮助我们到达了那里.
15	We have more female US senators than ever before,	我们的美国女参议员比以前多
16	and global economic development has empowered women to go to university and reach the very top of business and politics.	全球经济发展使妇女能够上大学,进入商界和政界。
17	What the opposition won't tell you, though, is that in the UK the gender pay gap is still at 17%.	但反对者不会告诉你, 在英国, 两性薪酬差距仍然是17%。
18	That women without children are 8.2 times more likely to get management positions in the United States than those who are mothers.	无子女妇女在美国获得管理职位的可能性是母亲的8.2倍。
19	What they also won't tell you is that at this very university, in 26 out of 38 subjects on the undergraduate level,	他们也不会告诉你的是 在这所大学里 在38个本科专业中 有26个
20	men are still more likely to achieve first-class degrees than women are.	与妇女相比,男子更可能获得一等学位。
21	I will bring you two arguments in my speech tonight.	我今晚的演讲会给你们带来两个论点。
22	Firstly, that the very basis of capitalism is incompatible with feminist aims such as equal pay,	首先,资本主义的基础与女权主义的目标不相容,如同工同酬,
23	and secondly, that feminists shouldn't worry about deterring support from conservatives and a political centre for their causes.	其次,女权主义者不应该担心 阻止保守主义者的支持 和他们的事业的政治中心。
24	So let's talk about capitalism first.	所以先谈资本主义.
25	Let's get the exciting stuff out of the way.	把刺激的东西弄走
26	The very basis of capitalism is that it promotes individualism over collective action	资本主义的根基是 它提倡个人主义而不是集体行动
27	and thus creates a tokenistic approach to gender equality that only benefits the women at the very top.	从而创造了一种象征性的两性平等方法,只有利于处于最高层的妇女。
28	This exacerbates the inequality that feminism is trying to fight in the first place.	这加剧了女性主义最初试图打击的不平等.
29	The myth of breaking the glass ceiling that the opposition talks to you about is fundamentally harmful for most women.	打破反对派和你谈论的玻璃天花板的神话,对大多数女性来说根本是有害的.
30	This widespread narrative suggests that our main aim should be getting some women to the top	这种广泛的叙事表明,我们的主要目标应该是让一些妇女登上顶峰。
31	to make sure that they can then appoint others and that they can open the path for them to follow.	确保他们能任命其他人,为他们开辟一条道路。
32	Although this might be true to an extent, what we fail to recognise is that this kind of tokenism doesn't create widespread change	虽然这在某种程度上是真实的,但我们没有认识到的是,这种象征性的做法不会造成广泛的改变。
33	and only helps the most privileged women to get into those positions in the first place	并且只帮助最有特权的妇女 获得这些职位 首先
34	where the exploitation and the inequality at the bottom continues.	剥削和底部的不平等仍在继续。
35	The opposition might argue that we can change this by implementing legislations such as equal pay.	反对派可能认为,我们可以通过实施同工同酬等立法来改变这种情况。
36	Like in Iceland, for example, where equal pay is enforced by law.	例如在冰岛,法律规定了同工同酬。
37	However, this goes against the fundamental ideas of capitalism.	然而,这违背了资本主义的基本思想.
38	In capitalism, everyone only receives a return on the marginal contribution they make to the economy.	在资本主义中,每个人都只能从他们对经济的微薄贡献中获得回报.
39	The problem is that, like the speaker on the floor just now mentioned,	问题是,正如刚才发言的发言者所提到的那样,
40	that many of the things that women traditionally do in the economy, such as having children, such as care positions,	妇女传统上在经济中从事的许多工作,如生育,如护理职位,
41	aren't recognised as part of the market.	不被确认为市场的一部分。
42	Equal pay is therefore not profitable for companies because women would be paid more than their monetary marginal contribution	因此,对公司来说,同工同酬并不有利可图,因为妇女的报酬将超过她们的边际货币贡献。
43	and because it's currently possible to pay women less because the labour market has been separated based on gender	由于劳动力市场按性别划分,目前妇女的工资可能减少。
44	and due to the risk of women leaving their job to have children, we fundamentally undervalue their contribution.	我们从根本上低估了她们的贡献。
45	Equal pay regulations are thus not capitalists.	因此,同酬条例不是资本家。
46	Instead, it's a confession by states and societies that capitalism doesn't create the equality we want	相反,这是国家和社会的忏悔 资本主义不会创造我们想要的平等
47	and that we need government regulation to solve this type of market failure.	而我们需要政府监管 来解决这种类型的市场失败。
48	In Iceland, equal pay only exists because, as a company, you are forced to pay a fine	在冰岛,同酬只是因为作为一个公司,你被迫缴纳罚款
49	if you don't pay women and men equal amounts of money for their jobs	如果你不给男女工作同等报酬
50	and thus introduce equality as part of the company's profit maximisation system.	从而将平等作为公司利润最大化制度的一部分。
51	This is not the kind of capitalism that opposition should be defending.	这不是反对派应该捍卫的那种资本主义。
52	But even if the opposition wants to take this soft capitalism stance, it is still not compatible with feminism	但是,即使反对派想要采取这种软资本主义的立场,它仍然不符合女性主义
53	because firstly, women are still more likely to choose jobs that are fundamentally undervalued in our society.	因为首先,妇女仍然更有可能选择在社会中被根本低估的工作。
54	For example, jobs in care and education.	例如,护理和教育工作。
55	Secondly, sexism in the workplace is likely to continue and to exist even under equal pay	第二,工作场所的性别歧视可能继续存在,甚至在同工同酬的情况下也存在。
56	because as long as men are in position of relative power, they're still able to abuse that against women who are comparatively powerless.	因为只要男人处于相对权力的地位,他们仍然能够虐待那些相对无能为力的妇女.
57	It became clear as a result of the Me Too movement that the reason why women weren't leaving the workplaces in which they were harassed	由于"我太郎"运动,很明显,妇女不离开被骚扰的工作场所的原因
58	was because they were worried that they wouldn't get a job if they publicly spoke out against their boss.	因为他们担心如果他们公开反对老板 就不会找到工作
59	Equal pay doesn't solve that.	同等报酬并不能解决这个问题。
60	Instead, we need a more robust welfare state, strong trade unions, universally free childcare and affordable housing	相反,我们需要一个更强大的福利国家、强大的工会、普遍免费的儿童保育和负担得起的住房
61	that are not provided by the capitalist system.	资本主义制度没有规定。
62	Structural change in the status quo only happens when the government steps in.	现状的结构性变化只有在政府介入时才会发生.
63	It is time to recognize that the need to step in only arises from this economic system that we live in in the first place	现在应该认识到,只有我们最初生活的这种经济体制才需要介入。
64	and that the system is incompatible with our feminist inequality ideals.	而这个制度与我们的女权主义不平等理想不相容.
65	So how should the feminist movement proceed?	那么女权运动应该如何进行?
66	And why doesn't it matter if we detour support from conservatives and from their political center?	为什么我们绕过保守派和他们的政治中心的支持不重要呢?
67	I would argue that we have reached a peak of what we can achieve in terms of gender equality under a capitalist system.	我想说,我们已经达到在资本主义制度下在两性平等方面所能达到的顶峰。
68	That is to say, economic development has politically, economically and socially empowered women and made them more independent.	也就是说,经济发展在政治、经济和社会方面赋予妇女权力,使她们更加独立。
69	But it is starting to reverse the progress that we have made.	但是,它正开始逆转我们已经取得的进展。
70	The marginal benefit of what feminism can achieve if it embraces capitalism is very small.	如果女权主义拥护资本主义,那么它所能实现的边际利益是很小的.
71	At the same time, it is hard to scale back on accomplishments we have made thus far.	与此同时,我们迄今取得的成就很难缩小。
72	For example, on universal suffrage, better pay and paid maternity leave.	例如,在普选中,提高工资和带薪产假。
73	I'm not denying that if feminists were to embrace an anti-capitalist stance,	我并不否认 如果女权主义者采取反资本主义的立场
74	it is likely that they will lose support from conservatives and from their political center.	他们很可能失去保守派及其政治中心的支持。
75	But if we make a cost-benefit analysis like most capitalists do,	但如果我们像大多数资本家那样进行成本效益分析
76	this would have brought support for only very few policies anyway that are unlikely to significantly reduce gender equality.	这样做只会给极少数不可能大大削弱两性平等的政策带来支持。
77	However, if feminists embrace an anti-capitalist stance, they don't just have the chance for much greater systemic change,	然而,如果女权主义者拥护反资本主义的立场,他们并不只是有机会进行更大的系统变革,
78	but they also empower women from disadvantaged backgrounds along the way and shift focus onto them instead of onto Oprah Winfrey or Angela Merkel.	但同时也赋予了来自弱势背景的妇女权力 将注意力转移到她们身上 而不是放在奥普拉·温弗雷或安格拉·默克尔身上
79	The fact that gender equality in East Germany is much better than in the West is because the system was fundamentally different.	东德的两性平等比西方好得多,这是因为这一制度根本不同。
80	Because the economic system valued women and valued their contributions more than the capitalist system in the West did.	因为经济制度比西方的资本主义制度更重视妇女并重视她们的贡献.
81	And this has shifted culture and shifted the way that employers pay their employees.	这改变了文化,改变了雇主支付雇员工资的方式。
82	This also means that we don't believe that the battle is over at the inauguration of the first female US president,	这也意味着我们不认为这场战役 在第一任美国总统就职典礼上结束
83	but that instead we continue fighting until gender equality is available to all women independently of their background.	但是,我们继续战斗,直到所有妇女,无论其背景如何,都能获得性别平等。
84	In our society, we have lost track of what kind of utopia we want to live in.	在我们的社会里,我们失去了我们想要生活在什么样的乌托邦的足迹。
85	It is time to stand up for the equality and the kind of society that we want and that we deserve.	现在是支持我们所希望和应当享有的平等和社会的时候了。
86	So please, when you walk through that door tonight, stand up for the women facing barriers in your life,	所以,请,当你走过 那扇门今晚, 站起来的女人面对 你的生活障碍,
87	stand up for the barriers that you're facing yourself,	站在你面对的障碍,
88	but also stand up for those who don't have a voice, who cannot stand up in the first place to defend their rights	也支持那些没有发言权的人, 他们不能站出来维护自己的权利
89	and who don't gain anything from tokenistic feminism.	和没有从象征性的女权主义得到任何东西。
90	Because feminism and capitalism are fundamentally incompatible.	因为女权主义和资本主义是根本不相容的.
91	Thank you.	谢谢

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