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TED演讲:你其实不知道未来的自己想要什么

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时间英文中文
0:03When I was 12 years old, I fractured my foot playing soccer.12岁时,踢足球的脚骨折.
0:09I didn't tell my parents when I got home that night,那天晚上我回家时没有告诉我父母
0:11because the next day, my dad was taking me to see a movie,因为第二天 我爸带我去看电影
0:15a soccer movie.足球电影。
0:17I worried that if I told my parents about the foot,我担心如果我把脚告诉我父母
0:20they would take me to see a doctor.他们会带我去看医生
0:22I didn't want to see a doctor, I wanted to see the movie.我不想看医生 我想看电影
0:26The next morning, my dad goes,第二天早上,我爸说
0:29it's nice out, why don't we walk to the theater?外面不错,我们为什么不去剧院?
0:33It was a mile away.那是一英里远。
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序号英文中文
1When I was 12 years old, I fractured my foot playing soccer.12岁时,踢足球的脚骨折.
2I didn't tell my parents when I got home that night,那天晚上我回家时没有告诉我父母
3because the next day, my dad was taking me to see a movie,因为第二天 我爸带我去看电影
4a soccer movie.足球电影。
5I worried that if I told my parents about the foot,我担心如果我把脚告诉我父母
6they would take me to see a doctor.他们会带我去看医生
7I didn't want to see a doctor, I wanted to see the movie.我不想看医生 我想看电影
8The next morning, my dad goes,第二天早上,我爸说
9it's nice out, why don't we walk to the theater?外面不错,我们为什么不去剧院?
10It was a mile away.那是一英里远。
11As we go, he says, why are you limping?我们走了,他说,你为什么瘸了?
12I tell him I have something in my shoe.我告诉他我鞋里有东西
13The movie was spectacular.电影很壮观
14It told the story of some of the soccer's greatest stars,它讲述了一些足球最伟大的明星的故事,
15great Brazilian players.伟大的巴西球员。
16I was ecstatic.我很兴奋
17At the end of the movie, I told my dad about the foot.电影结束后,我把脚的事告诉了我爸.
18He took me to see an orthopedic doctor,他带我去看矫形医生
19who put my foot in a cast for three weeks.把我脚放在石膏里三个星期
20I tell you the story today,我今天告诉你这个故事
21because four decades later,因为40年后,
22I don't really consider myself a soccer fan anymore.我不再认为自己是足球迷了
23Today, my sports fandom is tuned to another kind of football.今天,我的体育迷 调用另一种类型的足球。
24Now, my 12-year-old self现在,我12岁的自己
25{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}不会只是觉得这不可理解
26My 12-year-old self would see this as a betrayal.我12岁的自己会认为这是背叛
27Now, you might say we all changed from the time we were 12,现在,你可以说,我们都改变了 从我们12岁,
28so let me fast-forward a decade.因此,让我快速前进十年。
29When I was 22,我22岁的时候
30I was a freshly minted electronics engineer in southern India.我是印度南部刚发明的电子工程师
31I had no idea that three decades later,30年后,我还不知道
32I would be living in the United States,我会住在美国
33that I would be a journalist,我会成为一个记者,
34and that I would be the host of a podcast called Hidden Brain.我将是一个播客的东道主 一个叫做隐藏的大脑。
35It's a show about human behavior这是关于人类行为的表演
36and how to apply psychological science to our lives.如何运用心理科学来适应我们的生活
37Now, we didn't have podcasts when I graduated from college.现在,我们没有播客 当我大学毕业。
38We didn't walk around with smartphones in our pockets.我们口袋里没有智能手机
39So my future was not just unknown,所以我的未来不只是未知的
40it was unknowable.这是不可知的。
41All of us have seen what this is like in the last three years,我们都看到了过去三年的这种感觉,
42as we slowly try and emerge from the COVID pandemic.当我们慢慢尝试并摆脱COVID大流行。
43If we think about the people we used to be three years ago如果我们想到我们三年前的人
44before the pandemic,在流行之前
45we can see how we have changed.我们可以看到我们的改变
46We can see how anxiety and isolation and upheavals in our lives and livelihoods,我们可以看到,焦虑、孤立和动荡如何影响我们的生活和生计,
47how this has changed us, changed our outlook, changed our perspective.这改变了我们,改变了我们的看法,改变了我们的观点。
48But there is a paradox here,但有一个悖论在这里,
49and the paradox is when we look backwards,悖论是我们回头看
50we can see enormous changes in who we have become.我们可以看到我们变成什么样的人发生了巨大的变化。
51But when we look forwards,但当我们向前看时,
52we tend to imagine that we're going to be the same people in the future.我们倾向于想象我们将来会是同一个人。
53Now, sure, we imagine the world is going to be different.现在,当然,我们想象世界会有所不同。
54We know that AI and climate change is going to mean for a very different world.我们知道,大赦国际和气候变化将意味着一个截然不同的世界。
55But we don't imagine that we ourselves will have different perspectives,但我们不认为我们自己会有不同的视角
56different views, different preferences in the future.不同的观点, 不同的偏好在未来。
57I call this the illusion of continuity.我把这称为连续性的幻觉。
58And I think one reason this happens is that when we look backwards,我认为发生这种情况的一个原因是 当我们回头看,
59the contrast with our prior selves to who we are today is so clear.与我们先前的自我相比,我们今天的面貌是如此明显。
60We can see it so clearly that we have become different people.我们可以清楚地看到,我们已经变成了不同的人。
61When we look forward,当我们向前看时,
62we can imagine ourselves being a little older, a little grayer,我们可以想象我们自己年纪大一点 灰一点
63but we don't imagine fundamentally that we're going to have a different outlook但我们根本无法想象 我们将会有不同的看法
64or a different perspective, that we're going to be different people.或者不同的观点, 我们将会是不同的人。
65And so those changes seem more amorphous.因此,这些变化似乎更无常。
66I want to make the case to you today我今天想把案子告诉你
67that this illusion has profound consequences,这种幻觉会产生深远的后果,
68not just for whether we become soccer players or podcast hosts,不只是因为我们是足球运动员 还是播客主播
69but for matters involving life and death.但是为了生死攸关的事
70Let me introduce you to John and Stephanie Rinker.我介绍你认识约翰和史蒂芬妮·林克
71We did a story about them for Hidden Brain some years ago.我们几年前为"隐藏的大脑"写了一篇关于他们的故事
72This photograph was taken in 1971 on their wedding day.这张照片是在1971年他们结婚那天拍的.
73John and Stephanie had just eloped,约翰和斯蒂芬妮刚刚私奔,
74gotten married at Cambridge City Hall in Massachusetts.在马萨诸塞州的剑桥市政厅结婚
75He was 22, she was 19.他22岁,她19岁。
76John told me that after they got married,约翰告诉我,他们结婚后,
77they traveled to different parts of the country.他们去了全国各地
78They eventually settled in North Carolina.他们最终定居在北卡罗莱纳州.
79John became a high school basketball coach,约翰成为一名高中篮球教练,
80Stephanie became a nurse.斯蒂芬妮成为一名护士.
81And because they lived in a rural part of the state,因为他们住在州里的农村
82she would often make house visits to patients.她经常去拜访病人
83Many of the patients she saw were very sick.她看到的许多病人病得很重.
84They had terminal illnesses, very low quality of life.他们患有末期疾病,生活质量很低。
85And when Stephanie came home from these visits, she was often shaken.而当史蒂芬妮从这些访问回家时,她经常受到震撼.
86And she would tell John,她会告诉约翰,
87John, if I ever get a terminal illness,约翰 如果我得了绝症
88please do nothing to prolong my suffering.请不要做任何事情来延长我的痛苦。
89I care more about quality of life than quantity of life.我更关心生活质量,而不是生命的数量。
90In her more dramatic moments, she would say,在她更戏剧化的时刻,她会说,
91John, if I ever get that sick, just shoot me.约翰 如果我病了 就开枪吧
92Just shoot me.开枪吧
93And John Rinker would look lovingly at his wife, his healthy wife,而约翰・林克会很爱看他的妻子 健康的妻子
94and he would say,他说:
95OK, Steph, OK.好吧,斯蒂芬,好吧。
96Fast forward a couple of decades.快速前进几十年。
97In her late 50s,50多岁时
98Stephanie begins to slur her words.斯蒂芬妮开始玷污她的话。
99She goes to see a doctor who runs some tests,她去看医生 做一些测试,
100and he diagnoses her with ALS,他用ALS诊断她
101Lou Gehrig's disease.卢盖瑞格病.
102He tells her it's fatal,他告诉她这是致命的,
103it's incurable,这是无法治愈的,
104and he tells her that a day is going to come他告诉她有一天会到来
105when she is no longer able to breathe on her own.她已经无法单独呼吸了
106Stephanie, being Stephanie,史蒂芬妮,当史蒂芬妮,
107decides to extract as much joy and pleasure from life as she can.决定从生命中尽可能地获得快乐和快乐。
108She spends time with friends and family.她与朋友和家人共度时光.
109As she gets sicker,随着她病了,
110she and John spend some time on a beautiful beach that they both love.她和约翰在他们都爱的美丽海滩上度过了一段时间.
111But there comes a day when Stephanie, in fact,但有一天 斯蒂芬妮,事实上,
112is no longer able to breathe, she is gasping for air,已经无法呼吸了 她正在呼吸
113and John takes her to the hospital.约翰带她去医院
114And a nurse at the hospital asks Stephanie,医院的护士问史蒂芬妮
115Mrs. Rinker,林克太太,你好吗?
116would you like us to put you on a ventilator?要不要我们送你上通风机?
117And Stephanie says yes.史蒂芬妮答应了
118John is flabbergasted.约翰很兴奋
119They've been having this conversation for 30 years.30年来他们一直在谈话
120肯定不是Stephanie想要的那样
121He doesn't say anything.他什么也没说
122The next morning, he says,第二天早上 他说
123Steph, when the nurse asked you yesterday斯蒂芬,昨天护士问你的时候
124if you wanted to go on a ventilator and you said yes,如果你想上通风机,你答应了
125is that really what you want?这是你想要的吗?
126And Stephanie Rinker said yes.斯蒂芬妮・林克答应了
127Now, you might argue现在,你可能会争论
128that if Stephanie had written out an advance directive,如果史蒂芬妮写了预先指令
129if Stephanie had come into the hospital unconscious,如果斯蒂芬妮进了医院 失去知觉
130if the nurse had asked John, what is it your wife would want,如果护士问约翰 你妻子想要什么
131John, without hesitation, would have said,约翰,毫不犹豫,会说,
132of course she does not want to go on a ventilator.当然她不想上通风机
133We should try and figure out a way to keep her as comfortable as possible我们应该想办法让她尽量舒适
134so that she can die with dignity.这样她就能有尊严地死去
135But of course, this only solves the legal conundrum.当然,这只能解决法律上的难题。
136It doesn't solve the ethical problem here,这解决不了道德问题
137道德问题在于 Stephanie 39岁时
138as she was healthy,因为她很健康
139had no real conception of what Stephanie, at age 59,对史蒂芬妮59岁时
140with a terminal illness gasping for air,在空气中吸入绝症,
141would really want.这将是真正的想要。
142For the older Stephanie, her younger self might as well have been a stranger,对年长的史蒂芬妮来说 她年轻时的自我 可能还是个陌生人
143a stranger who was trying to make life-and-death decisions for her.一个试图为她做出生死决定的陌生人
144Philosophers have talked for many years about a thought experiment.哲学家们多年来一直在谈论一个思想实验.
145It's sometimes called the ship of Theseus.它有时被称为"特修斯之舰".
146The great warrior Theseus returned from his exploits.伟大的战士特修斯从他的剥削中回来.
147His ship was stationed in the harbor as a memorial.他的舰只驻扎在港口作为纪念.
148And over the decades, parts of the ship began to rot and decay,数十年来 部分船开始腐烂和腐烂
149and as this happened, planks were replaced by new planks,木板被新的木板所取代,
150until eventually every part of the ship of Theseus直到最终 特修斯舰的每个部分
151was built from something new.是用新的东西建造的
152And philosophers, starting with Plato, have asked the question,哲学家们从柏拉图开始问这个问题
153if every part of the ship of Theseus is new,如果特修斯船的每个部分都是新的
154is this still the ship of Theseus?这还是特修斯的船吗?
155You and I are walking examples of the ship of Theseus.你和我在走特修斯船的例子。
156Our cells turn over all the time.我们的细胞经常翻转
157The people you were 10 years ago are not the people you are today.你十年前的人 不是你今天的人
158Biologically, you have become a different person.在生物学上,你已经变成了一个不同的人。
159But I believe something much more profound happens但我相信发生了更深刻的事
160at a psychological level.在心理层面。
161Because you could argue, a ship is not just a collection of planks,因为你可以争辩 一艘船不仅仅是一堆木板
162a body is not just a collection of cells,身体不仅仅是细胞的集合,
163it's the organization of the planks that makes the ship.是造船的木板组织
164It's the organization of the cells that make the body.它是细胞的组织 使身体。
165If you preserve the organization, even if you swap planks in and out,如果你保留组织, 即使你交换木板进出,
166or cells in and out,或细胞进出,
167you still have the ship, you still have the same body.你还有船,你还有同样的身体。
168But at a psychological level,但是在心理层面
169each new layer that's put down is not identical to the one that came before it.每一层都和之前的不一样
170The famous plasticity of the brain that we've all heard so much about我们都知道的大脑的可塑性
171means that on an ongoing basis,是指持续地,
172you are constantly becoming a new person.你不断变成一个新人
173This has profound consequences for so many different aspects of our lives.这对我们生活的许多不同方面有着深远的影响。
174You know, I have the illusion你知道,我有错觉
175that 12-year-old Shankar, who wanted to be a soccer star,那个12岁的Shankar 她想成为一名足球明星
176and 52-year-old Shankar, who is the podcast host,和52岁的Shankar,谁是播客主持人,
177and 82-year-old Shankar,还有82岁的尚卡
178who will hopefully be living one day on a beautiful beach,希望有一天能在美丽的海滩上生活
179that these are all the same person.他们都是同一个人
180Is that really true?是真的吗?
181Let's set aside the philosophical questions for another day,让我们把哲学问题 放在另一天,
182and let me tell you about some of the practical challenges of this problem.让我告诉你这个问题的一些实际挑战。
183When we make promises to other people,当我们向别人许诺时,
184when we promise to love someone till death do us part,当我们承诺爱一个人直到死亡 把我们分开
185we are making a promise that a stranger is going to have to keep.我们保证一个陌生人会遵守
186Our future selves might not share our views, our perspectives, our hopes.我们的未来可能无法分享我们的观点、观点和希望。
187When we lock people up and throw away the key,当我们把人锁起来把钥匙扔掉
188it's not just that the people we imprison are going to be different不只是我们监禁的人会不一样
189in 30 years from now.在30年后的今天里,
190We are going to be different 30 years from now.30年后我们将会不同
191Our need for retribution, for vengeance,我们需要报复 报复
192might not be what it is today.可能不是今天这样
193When we pass laws,当我们通过法律,
194we often do so with an intent of making a better country,我们这样做的目的常常是为了建立一个更美好的国家,
195improving our country.改善我们的国家。
196But any country that's been around for a few decades但是,任何一个国家 已经周围几十年
197has numerous laws in the books书中有许多法律
198that made perfect sense when they were crafted.这完全合理 当他们被设计。
199In fact, they were seen as enlightened when they were crafted,事实上,当他们被设计出来的时候,他们被认为是开明的,
200and today they seem antiquated or absurd or even unconscionable.而今天,它们似乎过时或荒谬,甚至不合理。
201And all of these examples stem from the same problem,所有这些例子都来自同样的问题,
202which is that we imagine that we represent the end of history,这就是我们想象我们代表历史的终结,
203that the future is only going to be more of the same.未来将更加相同
204I have three pieces of advice on how to wrestle with this wicked problem.我有三条建议 如何对付这个邪恶的问题
205And it is a wicked problem,这是一个邪恶的问题,
206because all of us spend so much of our lives因为我们所有的人 花这么多的命
207trying to make our future selves happy.试图让我们的未来快乐。
208We don't stop to ask,我们不会停下来问,
209is it possible that in 20 or 30 years,有可能在20或30年内
210our future selves are going to look back at us with bewilderment,我们的未来会以困惑的眼光回顾我们,
211with resentment,与怨恨,
212that our future selves will ask us,我们的未来会问我们
213what made you possibly think that that is what I would want?是什么让你可能认为 这就是我想要的?
214The first piece of advice I have我的第一个建议
215is if you accept the idea that you're going to be a different person如果你接受你会变成另一个人的想法
216in 30 years' time,在30年的时间里,
217you should play an active role你应该发挥积极的作用
218crafting the person you are going to become.塑造你将要成为的人
219You should be the curator of your future self.你应该成为未来自我的主人
220You should be the architect of your future self.你应该成为未来自我的建筑师
221But what does that mean?这是什么意思?
222Spend time with people who are not just your friends and family.和那些不只是你的朋友和家人的人相处
223Spend time on avocations and professional pursuits从事职业和专业活动的时间
224that are not just what you do regularly.这不仅仅是你经常做的。
225Expand your horizons.扩大视野
226Because you're going to become someone different,因为你会变成不同的人
227you might as well be in charge of deciding who that person is going to be.你还是负责决定那个人是谁吧
228So the first piece of advice is to stay curious.所以第一点建议就是保持好奇心.
229Second, as we make pronouncements on social media第二,当我们在社交媒体上发表声明时
230or in political forums or at dinner parties,在政治论坛或晚宴上
231let's bear in mind记住
232that among the people who might disagree with us他们是和我们争论的民众,
233are our own future selves.是我们自己的未来
234So when we express views with great certitude and great confidence,当我们以坚忍和信心表达观点的时候,
235let's remember to add a touch of humility.让我们记住,增加一点谦卑。
236This is true, by the way, not just at an individual level,这是真的,顺便说一句,不只是在个人层面,
237it's also true at an organizational level.在组织层面也是如此。
238I was speaking some time ago with this young woman,我之前和这个年轻女人说话
239wonderful woman.美丽的女人。
240She had just reached a position of authority at her organization,她刚刚在她的组织中取得了权威地位,
241and she had many idealistic ideas of how she wanted to change her organization.她有许多理想主义的想法 关于她想如何改变她的组织。
242And she asked me, how do we make these changes她问我,我们怎么改变这些
243so that in the future,所以将来
244no one's going to come along and undo the changes that I have made?没有人会来取消我所做的改变?
245And it's a very human impulse,这是人类的冲动
246but it stems from the same belief但来源于同样的信念
247that our perspective on history is the final word.我们对于历史的看法是最后一句话。
248And quite simply, this is wrong.很简单,这是错误的。
249Three, I've given you a number of ways三,我给你一些方法
250in which our future selves are going to be weaker and frailer在其中,我们的未来 将变得脆弱和脆弱
251than we are today.比今天还要好
252And that is true, that is part of the story.这是事实,这是故事的一部分。
253But it is only a part of the story.但这只是故事的一部分。
254Our future selves are also going to have capacities and strengths and wisdom我们的未来本身也将拥有能力和力量以及智慧
255that we do not possess today.我们今天并不拥有。
256So when we confront opportunities and we hesitate,所以当我们面对机会和犹豫时
257when I tell myself,当我告诉自己,
258I don't think I have it in me to quit my job and start my own company,我不认为我有它在我的 辞掉我的工作,开办我自己的公司,
259or I tell myself,或者我告诉自己,
260I don't have it in me to learn a musical instrument at the age of 52,我没有在52岁的时候学习乐器
261or I tell myself,或者我告诉自己,
262I don't have it in me to look after a disabled child,我无法照顾一个残疾的孩子
263what we really should be saying is,我们真正应该说的是,
264I don't have the capacity to do those things today.我今天没有能力做那些事
265That doesn't mean I won't have the capacity to do those things tomorrow.那并不意味着我明天就没有能力做那些事了
266So lesson number three is to be brave.第三课就是勇敢
267I believe if you can do these three things,我相信你能做这三件事
268if you can stay curious,如果你能够保持好奇,
269if you can practice humility and you can be brave,如果你能锻炼谦卑和勇敢
270then your future self will look back at you in 20 or 30 years,然后,你的未来 自己会回头看你 在二三十年,
271will look back not with resentment or bewilderment,不以怨恨和迷惑回头,
272but will look back at you and say,却回头看着你,说:
273thank you.谢谢
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