保护你的不是疫苗，而是你自己！
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:05 | Now, many of the people watching this talk by now | 很多人现在都看这个演讲了 |
| 0:07 | will have had one, two, three or even four doses of a messenger RNA vaccine. | 会有1,2,3甚至4剂送信RNA疫苗. |
| 0:15 | With billions of these shots now in arms, | 带着数十亿的子弹,现在在怀里, |
| 0:17 | it's clear that this new way of making vaccines | 很明显,这种新的疫苗生产方式 |
| 0:20 | is both remarkably safe and incredibly effective. | 既安全又有效 |
| 0:24 | But did you know it's not the vaccine itself that's keeping you safe? | 但你知道不是疫苗本身让你安全的吗? |
| 0:29 | It's actually you. | 其实是你 |
| 0:32 | Because the human body has a major role in making vaccines | 因为人体在生产疫苗方面起着重要作用 |
| 0:33 | amazing powers to both prevent and cure disease | 预防和治愈疾病的神奇力量 |
| 0:37 | by making its own medicines. | 通过自己制造药物。 |
展开字幕全文（279 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now, many of the people watching this talk by now | 很多人现在都看这个演讲了 |
| 2 | will have had one, two, three or even four doses of a messenger RNA vaccine. | 会有1,2,3甚至4剂送信RNA疫苗. |
| 3 | With billions of these shots now in arms, | 带着数十亿的子弹,现在在怀里, |
| 4 | it's clear that this new way of making vaccines | 很明显,这种新的疫苗生产方式 |
| 5 | is both remarkably safe and incredibly effective. | 既安全又有效 |
| 6 | But did you know it's not the vaccine itself that's keeping you safe? | 但你知道不是疫苗本身让你安全的吗? |
| 7 | It's actually you. | 其实是你 |
| 8 | Because the human body has a major role in making vaccines | 因为人体在生产疫苗方面起着重要作用 |
| 9 | amazing powers to both prevent and cure disease | 预防和治愈疾病的神奇力量 |
| 10 | by making its own medicines. | 通过自己制造药物。 |
| 11 | You just need to know what medicine to make. | 你只需要知道什么是药 |
| 12 | And that's what your vaccine gave you, | 这就是你的疫苗给你的 |
| 13 | simply a set of instructions for how to protect yourself against SARS-CoV-2. | 只是一套如何保护自己免受SARS-CoV-2袭击的指示. |
| 14 | Now, vaccines are only the beginning. | 现在,疫苗只是开始。 |
| 15 | As said before, | 如前所说. |
| 16 | the advent of mRNA vaccines is heralding in | mRNA疫苗的出现预示着 |
| 17 | an entirely new era of medicines. | 一个全新的医药时代。 |
| 18 | mRNAs give us the ability to not only prevent disease, | mRNA让我们有能力 不仅预防疾病, |
| 19 | but also treat previously intractable disorders. | 同时也治疗以前棘手的疾病。 |
| 20 | But before I get to that, | 但在此之前,我得到了这一点, |
| 21 | let's talk about really what is this new way of medicines really about. | 让我们来谈谈真正是什么 新的药物方式真正的。 |
| 22 | Well, it all comes down to proteins. | 嗯,这一切都是蛋白质。 |
| 23 | Now, you may think of protein as simply something that you need to eat, | 现在,你可能认为蛋白质 只是一些你需要吃的东西, |
| 24 | an important part of your diet, | 饮食的重要部分, |
| 25 | something that's important for you to build muscle. | 对你建立肌肉很重要的东西 |
| 26 | But it's not just muscle that contains protein. | 但不只是肌肉含有蛋白质. |
| 27 | Protein makes up a huge fraction | 蛋白质的分量很大 |
| 28 | of the incredibly complicated ecosystem that's your entire body. | 极其复杂的生态系统 是你的整个身体。 |
| 29 | In many ways, your body functions like a large city | 在很多方面,你的身体像一个大城市一样运转 |
| 30 | full of myriad buildings, interconnected buildings, | 满是无数的建筑物,相互连接的建筑物, |
| 31 | with lots of different structures. | 有很多不同的结构 |
| 32 | Now, just as the word building fails to capture | 现在,正如字形建筑无法捕捉 |
| 33 | the incredible variety of structures that make up any large city, | 组成任何大城市的 各种结构 |
| 34 | the generic term protein gives no clue | 普通术语蛋白没有线索 |
| 35 | as to the incredible variety of molecular architectures | 关于不可思议的分子结构 |
| 36 | at the molecular level. | 在分子层面。 |
| 37 | Like buildings, proteins are not monolithic. | 与建筑一样,蛋白质并非单质. |
| 38 | Our body makes many proteins, | 我们的身体制造了很多蛋白质 |
| 39 | some like the collagen in our skin that makes our skin tough | 一些像我们皮肤中的 col 使我们皮肤坚硬 |
| 40 | but pliable, | 却是可口的, |
| 41 | like the actin and myosin in our muscles that enable us to move, | 就像肌肉中的动作和肌髓 使我们能移动 |
| 42 | or our blood is full of hemoglobin ferrying oxygen around, | 或者我们的血液充满血红蛋白 轮渡氧气周围, |
| 43 | antibodies protecting us from disease | 抗体保护我们免受疾病伤害 |
| 44 | and clotting factors that close up our wounds. | 以及凝结我们伤口的凝血因素 |
| 45 | And for any of you that have ever cracked a biochemistry textbook, | 而对于你们中曾经破解过生物化学教科书的任何人, |
| 46 | this should look familiar. | 这看起来很眼熟 |
| 47 | This is the metabolic chart of the human body. | 这是人体的代谢图. |
| 48 | These are all of the reactions in your body | 这些都是你体内的反应 |
| 49 | that are keeping you alive and well right now. | 让你活得好好的 |
| 50 | And each one of those reactions is catalyzed by a different protein | 每个反应都由不同的蛋白质催化 |
| 51 | whose names are shown here in blue. | 名字以蓝色显示 |
| 52 | So proteins are not only what make up the bulk of your body, | 所以蛋白质不仅是你身体的大部分 |
| 53 | they're also what make your body tick and keep you well. | 也让你的身体好起来 |
| 54 | Now, if we think again about buildings, | 现在,如果我们再想想建筑物, |
| 55 | the structures of buildings may look quite different in the end, | 建筑物的结构最终可能看起来很不一样, |
| 56 | but they're all made of a limited set of building materials. | 但它们都是用有限的建筑材料制成的. |
| 57 | And how those building materials, | 以及那些建筑材料, |
| 58 | which of those building materials are used, | 其中哪些建筑材料被使用, |
| 59 | and how they're arranged, | 和如何安排他们, |
| 60 | and how they're attached to one another | 以及他们如何彼此依附 |
| 61 | gives the buildings their final form. | 给建筑物最后的形式。 |
| 62 | The same is true of proteins. | 蛋白质也是如此. |
| 63 | If we zoom down to the molecular level, | 如果我们放大到分子水平, |
| 64 | we can see that proteins, | 我们可以看到蛋白质, |
| 65 | if we unravel their three-dimensional architecture, | 如果我们打破他们的三维结构 |
| 66 | are actually just long strings of building blocks. | 其实只是长串的构件。 |
| 67 | And these building blocks have different shapes | 这些构件有不同的形状 |
| 68 | and different propensities to interact with one another. | 和各种互相交流的倾向。 |
| 69 | So it's which building blocks are used | 所以是用哪个构件 |
| 70 | and the order in which they are in the chain | 和他们被枷锁的顺序, |
| 71 | that gives a protein its three-dimensional shape. | 它会给蛋白质三维形状 |
| 72 | Now, here I'm only showing three proteins. | 现在,我只展示三个蛋白质。 |
| 73 | But creating and maintaining a healthy human | 但创造和维持一个健康的人类 |
| 74 | requires the combined action | 需要综合行动 |
| 75 | of over 100,000 different types of protein. | 超过10万种不同的蛋白质 |
| 76 | And our bodies make them all. | 和我们的身体让他们全部。 |
| 77 | Thus, our bodies are remarkable protein factories. | 因此,我们的身体是显著的蛋白质工厂。 |
| 78 | At the molecular level, the numbers are truly mind-blowing. | 在分子层面,数字是真正令人心碎的。 |
| 79 | Each of the 30 trillion cells in your body, | 你体内的30万亿细胞 |
| 80 | that's three with 13 zeros, | 这是三加13零, |
| 81 | contains between one and 10 billion protein molecules. | 含有10亿至100亿个蛋白质分子。 |
| 82 | That means that you have as many protein molecules in your body | 这意味着你体内有同样多的蛋白质分子 |
| 83 | as there are stars in the known universe. | 因为已知宇宙中有星星 |
| 84 | Now, each different cell type in your body | 现在,你体内的每个不同的细胞类型 |
| 85 | makes a different kind of protein, a different set of proteins, | 制造不同的蛋白质 不同的蛋白质 |
| 86 | like the rods and cones in my eye that are detecting light right now | 就像我眼中的棒子和锥子 正在探测光线 |
| 87 | and the neurons in my brain that are interpreting that light | 和大脑中的神经元 解释那光 |
| 88 | and enabling me to see you right now. | 让我现在能见到你 |
| 89 | So they make a particular set of proteins unique to it. | 因此它们制造出一组独特的蛋白质. |
| 90 | And like any complex building project, | 像任何复杂的建筑项目, |
| 91 | you can imagine that the process of protein synthesis | 你可以想象蛋白质合成的过程 |
| 92 | needs to be tightly regulated | 需要严格管理 |
| 93 | so that the right protein is made at the right time and in the right place. | 因此,正确的蛋白质是在正确的时间和地点制造的. |
| 94 | But of course, with anything so complicated, | 但当然,有这么复杂的事 |
| 95 | it's perhaps not surprising that there's an occasional mistake, | 偶尔出错也许并不奇怪 |
| 96 | a fault in the algorithm. | 算法中的一个错误。 |
| 97 | Let's go back to that metabolic chart. | 让我们回到新陈代谢表。 |
| 98 | It's estimated that one in a thousand newborns | 估计千分之一的新生儿 |
| 99 | are born without the ability to make one of the proteins on this chart. | 生来就没有能力在这个图表上 制作蛋白质之一。 |
| 100 | Therefore, they have lifelong complications | 因此,他们有终生并发症 |
| 101 | due to inborn metabolic errors. | 由于出生代谢错误。 |
| 102 | Let's take just one of those. | 让我们只拿一个。 |
| 103 | Let's talk about von Gehrke's disease or glycogen storage disease one. | 我们来谈谈冯·盖尔克的病 或甘油储存病 1。 |
| 104 | This is due to the lack of a protein circled here in red | 这是因为这里缺乏红色的蛋白质 |
| 105 | whose job it is to release stored sugars | 谁的工作是释放储存的糖 |
| 106 | so that you can maintain a healthy blood sugar level while you're fasting. | 这样就可以在禁食时保持健康的血糖水平. |
| 107 | So von Gehrke's disease patients can't fast. | 因此冯·盖尔克的疾病患者无法斋戒. |
| 108 | They must constantly eat small amounts of carbohydrates, | 他们必须不断吃少量的碳水化合物, |
| 109 | including getting up every one or two hours during the night | 包括晚上每一两小时起床一次 |
| 110 | to eat raw cornstarch. | 吃生玉米片。 |
| 111 | Now, imagine the toll that this takes on parents. | 现在,想象一下这给父母带来的损失。 |
| 112 | If they are ever to miss a feeding of their child, | 如果他们错过了孩子的喂养 |
| 113 | their child could slip into severe hypoglycemia, seizures, | 他们的孩子可能会患上严重的低血糖症 癫痫 |
| 114 | and possibly death. | 可能还有死亡 |
| 115 | But even if these patients can keep up this endless feeding cycle, | 但是,即使这些病人可以保持 这个无尽的喂养周期, |
| 116 | they are plagued by lifelong complications, | 他们受到终生并发症的困扰, |
| 117 | including delayed puberty, frequent infections, | 包括发育迟缓、频繁感染、 |
| 118 | kidney disease and liver cancer. | 肾病与肝癌. |
| 119 | So von Gehrke's disease is just one example of a disorder | Von Gehrke的病只是 混乱的一个例子 |
| 120 | where we know what protein is missing. | 我们知道什么蛋白质不见了 |
| 121 | What if we could give those patients back the ability | 如果我们能让那些病人恢复能力 |
| 122 | to make that missing protein? | 做那个缺失的蛋白质? |
| 123 | Then we could actually treat their disease | 然后我们就能治疗他们的疾病 |
| 124 | instead of just managing their symptoms. | 而不是仅仅控制他们的症状。 |
| 125 | And that's where mRNA comes in. | 这就是mRNA进入的地方. |
| 126 | It's also where I come in. | 也是我进来的地方 |
| 127 | You see, I spent the better part of my career as an academic | 你看,我花了更好的 职业生涯作为一个学术 |
| 128 | doing curiosity-based research | 基于好奇心的研究 |
| 129 | into the fundamental principles of how proteins are made. | 进入如何制造蛋白质的基本原则。 |
| 130 | And my specialty was messenger RNA. | 我的专长是信使RNA. |
| 131 | Like proteins, messenger RNAs are long, chain-like molecules | 与蛋白质一样,信使RNA是长的,链状的分子. |
| 132 | composed of building blocks. | 由构件组成。 |
| 133 | The four building blocks that make up messenger RNAs | 组成信使RNA的四个构件 |
| 134 | form what is known as the genetic code. | 形成所谓的基因密码。 |
| 135 | As their name implies, messenger RNAs carry messages, | 正如他们的名字所暗示的 信使RNA携带信息, |
| 136 | messages that are translated by your body | 由身体翻译的讯息 |
| 137 | in order to create proteins. | 为了创造蛋白质。 |
| 138 | Thus, messenger RNAs are the language of life. | 因此,信使RNA是生命的语言. |
| 139 | And the human body has a lot to say. | 而人之体有大乘论. |
| 140 | So, like proteins, | 所以,像蛋白质, |
| 141 | your cells are chock-full of messenger RNA. | 你的细胞充满信使RNA |
| 142 | Every one of your 30 trillion cells | 你30万亿细胞中的每一个 |
| 143 | has hundreds of thousands of messenger RNA molecules. | 拥有数十万个信使RNA分子. |
| 144 | Messenger RNAs are an essential component of all living organisms. | 信使RNA是所有生物体的基本组成部分. |
| 145 | So when you are eating protein-rich foods, | 所以当你吃富含蛋白质的食物时 |
| 146 | you're not only eating protein, | 你不只是吃蛋白质, |
| 147 | you're also eating lots of messenger RNA. | 你也吃了很多信使RNA。 |
| 148 | Your body takes the messenger RNA in the food that you consumed, | 你的身体把信使RNA 在你消费的食物中, |
| 149 | breaks it down into those component parts, | 分解成这些组成部分, |
| 150 | and then builds new messenger RNAs specific to your needs. | 然后根据您的需要建立新的信使RNA。 |
| 151 | Now, this continual destruction and rebuilding | 现在,这种持续的破坏和重建 |
| 152 | is a feature, true, of almost all proteins and messenger RNAs in your body. | 这是你体内几乎所有蛋白质和信使RNA的特征,没错。 |
| 153 | Let's take, for example, the circadian clock. | 举个例子吧 圆形时钟 |
| 154 | This is the timer in your body | 这是你体内的计时器 |
| 155 | that tells you when to be active and when to sleep. | 告诉你什么时候要活动 什么时候要睡觉 |
| 156 | The proteins that make up this clock | 组成这个钟的蛋白质 |
| 157 | appear and disappear with remarkable regularity every day. | 每天经常出现和消失 |
| 158 | The way that this is accomplished | 实现这一点的方式 |
| 159 | is that your body makes the messenger RNAs | 你的身体使信使RNAs |
| 160 | that encode those proteins appear and disappear every day. | 编码这些蛋白质 每天出现并消失。 |
| 161 | Every day for your entire life, | 你一生的每一天 |
| 162 | you get your daily dose of clock messenger RNAs | 你每天得到时钟信使RNA |
| 163 | producing clock proteins. | 生产时钟蛋白. |
| 164 | Now, three properties of proper medicines | 现在,适当的药物有三个特性 |
| 165 | are that their effects are of limited duration, | 其影响是限期的, |
| 166 | that their effects are dose-dependent | 影响取决于剂量 |
| 167 | and that they can be given over and over again | 并且他们可以被一次又一次地给予 |
| 168 | to produce the same effect. | 产生同样的效果。 |
| 169 | mRNAs是瞬态的. | |
| 170 | The amount of protein produced | 蛋白质生产量 |
| 171 | is dependent on how much of that mRNA is present, | 取决于这个mRNA有多少存在, |
| 172 | and they can be induced over and over again | 他们可以被反复诱导 |
| 173 | to produce the same effect. | 产生同样的效果。 |
| 174 | So, wow, it seems so simple. | 所以,哇,看起来很简单。 |
| 175 | If we could treat a disease, | 如果我们能治疗疾病 |
| 176 | if there's a protein that's missing to treat a disease, | 如果有一个蛋白质缺失 治疗疾病, |
| 177 | then we could simply give a few copies of an mRNA to the body | 然后我们就可以给身体一些mRNA的拷贝 |
| 178 | for it to produce that protein. | 让它产生蛋白质。 |
| 179 | If that protein is only needed once, | 如果只需要一次蛋白质的话 |
| 180 | then maybe a single dose would suffice. | 也许一剂就够了 |
| 181 | If a protein is needed multiple times, | 如果一个蛋白质需要多次 |
| 182 | then we can dose mRNA over and over again. | 然后我们就可以一次又一次地给mRNA下药. |
| 183 | And that's exactly what's happening. | 然此正显. |
| 184 | So when I went on clinicaltrials.gov this morning, | 所以,当我去临床审判. gov今天上午, |
| 185 | it turns out that there are over 175 clinical trials now open | 原来现在有超过175个临床试验 |
| 186 | using mRNA-based medicines. | 使用基于mRNA的药物。 |
| 187 | That are recruiting patients. | 这是招募病人。 |
| 188 | Another 54 clinical trials are waiting in the rings, | 另有54个临床试验在环中等待, |
| 189 | ready to be opened. | 准备打开 |
| 190 | So there is a coming tsunami of mRNA medicines. | 所以mRNA药物的海啸即将来临。 |
| 191 | Last year, Moderna and AstraZeneca | 去年,现代和阿斯特拉泽内卡 |
| 192 | reported positive results from a clinical trial | 报告临床试验的积极成果 |
| 193 | where patients who, during open-heart surgery, | 在心脏外科手术中 |
| 194 | were dosed with messenger RNA injected directly into their heart muscles | 用信使注射RNA 直接注入心脏肌肉 |
| 195 | that told their heart muscles to grow new blood vessels | 让他们的心脏肌肉长出新的血管 |
| 196 | in order to get around clogged arteries. | 为了绕过堵塞的动脉 |
| 197 | In other clinical trials, | 在其他临床试验中, |
| 198 | we are repeatedly dosing patients with inborn metabolic errors | 我们屡次给病人做新生儿代谢错误 |
| 199 | to treat their metabolic disease. | 治疗他们的代谢疾病。 |
| 200 | In fact, one of those clinical trials that's currently recruiting patients | 事实上,其中一个临床试验 正在招募病人 |
| 201 | is for Von Gerke's disease. | 是冯·格克的病 |
| 202 | And for cancer patients, | 对于癌症患者, |
| 203 | we're creating personalized cancer vaccines. | 我们正在创造个性化的癌症疫苗。 |
| 204 | These vaccines are meant to train their bodies, | 这些疫苗是为了训练他们的身体, |
| 205 | their immune systems to attack their cancers. | 他们的免疫系统可以攻击他们的癌症 |
| 206 | These are truly personalized medicines, | 这些都是个性化的药 |
| 207 | one vaccine for one person. | 一个疫苗一个人。 |
| 208 | Now, for personalized cancer vaccines to be the most effective, | 现在,为了个人化的癌症疫苗是最有效的, |
| 209 | we need to get them made and back to the patient as quickly as possible. | 我们需要把它们制作好 尽快回到病人身边 |
| 210 | We aim for a turnaround time of 45 days. | 我们的目标是45天的周转时间。 |
| 211 | By January of 2020, | 到2020年1月时, |
| 212 | we had already manufactured, | 我们已经制造了 |
| 213 | quality-controlled and delivered to several dozen patients | 质量控制并交付给数十名病人 |
| 214 | personalized cancer vaccines. | 个性化癌症疫苗. |
| 215 | So we had the know-how and the capacity | 所以,我们有 诀窍和能力 |
| 216 | to manufacture vaccines quickly. | 迅速生产疫苗。 |
| 217 | Thus, when the sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus | 因此,当SARS-CoV-2病毒的序列 |
| 218 | was posted to a public web server on January 10, 2020, | 于2020年1月10日发布在公共网络服务器上, |
| 219 | we got immediately to work. | 我们马上要上班了 |
| 220 | Within two days, we had agreed with our collaborators at NIH | 两天之内,我们同意了 在NIH的合作者 |
| 221 | on exactly which form of the spike protein to put in our vaccine. | 确切地说,是哪一种螺旋状蛋白 投入我们的疫苗。 |
| 222 | Because we had done so so many times before, | 因为我们以前做过这么多次, |
| 223 | it then took our mRNA design team just one hour | 然后我们MRNA设计组花了一小时 |
| 224 | 用于设计 mRNA | |
| 225 | that we immediately put onto | 我们立即投入 |
| 226 | our manufacturing equipment. | 我们的制造设备。 |
| 227 | We were then able to make that RNA, | 之后,我们完成了RNA, |
| 228 | get it quality-controlled, | 得到它的质量控制, |
| 229 | fill, finish and ship it off to NIH for the clinical trial in 45 days. | 填满 完成 并在45天内送去NIH进行临床试验 |
| 230 | Now, what I find truly remarkable | 现在,我发现真正的非凡 |
| 231 | is that that mRNA sequence that took us one hour to design | 是那个mRNA序列 花了我们一个小时设计 |
| 232 | is the same mRNA sequence that went into your arms, | 是那些进入你怀抱的mRNA序列 |
| 233 | that ended up in spike vacs, | 最终在悬空, |
| 234 | our now fully approved vaccine. | 我们的疫苗已经完全批准 |
| 235 | One hour to design a medicine that has saved countless lives. | 一个小时来设计一种拯救无数生命的药物. |
| 236 | It still gives me goosebumps every time I talk about it. | 每次我说起它,我还是会吃鹅肉 |
| 237 | So what does the future hold? | 那么未来会是什么? |
| 238 | Well, I've already told you about regenerative medicine | 嗯,我已经告诉你 关于再生医学 |
| 239 | and personalized cancer vaccines. | 和个性化的癌症疫苗。 |
| 240 | For cancer patients, we can also send in, | 对于癌症患者,我们也可以送入, |
| 241 | by directly injecting messenger RNA into their tumors, | 通过直接将信使RNA注射到他们的肿瘤中, |
| 242 | we can send in instructions telling the tumor cells to self-destruct | 我们可以通知肿瘤细胞自毁 |
| 243 | or having the tumor cells send out signals to the immune system | 或让肿瘤细胞向免疫系统发出信号 |
| 244 | to beckoning the immune system to attack. | 请求免疫系统发动攻击 |
| 245 | For patients with autoimmune disorders, | 对于自体免疫障碍患者, |
| 246 | we can send in signals that tamp down their overactive immune systems. | 我们可以发出信号 压低他们的过度活性免疫系统 |
| 247 | And we and others are rapidly making many more messenger RNA vaccines. | 我们和其他人正在迅速生产更多的RNA疫苗。 |
| 248 | Because messenger RNA vaccines can reproduce so quickly and rapidly, | 因为信使RNA疫苗可以如此快速地繁殖, |
| 249 | they're really well suited for newly emerging diseases, | 它们非常适合新的疾病, |
| 250 | as well as other viruses like the flu, | 还有流感等其他病毒 |
| 251 | where new variants come out every year and the vaccines need to be updated. | 需要更新疫苗。 |
| 252 | But one of the exciting things about mRNA medicines | 但是关于mRNA药物的令人兴奋的事情之一 |
| 253 | is we're not limited to sending in the instructions for one protein at a time. | 我们不限于一次发出一个蛋白质的指令。 |
| 254 | mRNA medicines can be easily multiplexed. | mRNA药物可以容易地多倍化. |
| 255 | Therefore, we're working on a combination vaccine | 因此,我们正在研究一种混合疫苗 |
| 256 | for COVID, flu and respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, | COVID、流感和呼吸道同步病毒,或RSV, |
| 257 | all leading causes of hospitalization and death in the elderly. | 所有导致老年人住院和死亡的主要原因。 |
| 258 | And we're hoping that this will then be an annual booster | 我们希望这将成为年度助推器 |
| 259 | that you will get just like the flu vaccine. | 你会得到 就像流感疫苗。 |
| 260 | So finally, the very modest footprint | 终于,非常小的脚印 |
| 261 | of the manufacturing equipment for making messenger RNAs | 用于制造信使RNA的制造设备 |
| 262 | means that they can be made almost anywhere in the world. | 意味着它们几乎可以在世界上任何地方制造. |
| 263 | And to take this to an extreme, | 为了达到极限 |
| 264 | the American Defense Department started a program in 2019, | 美国国防部于2019年启动了一个计划, |
| 265 | and we're working with them, | 我们和他们一起工作 |
| 266 | to miniaturize the entire process | 使整个进程小型化 |
| 267 | so that it can be fit into a single shipping container | 以便装入一个单一的集装箱 |
| 268 | for rapid deployment anywhere in the world. | 迅速部署在世界任何地方。 |
| 269 | So to finish, I hope I've convinced you | 所以说完,我希望我说服了你 |
| 270 | that we have entered an entirely new era of medicine. | 我们进入了一个全新的医学时代。 |
| 271 | Having learned to speak the language of mRNA, the language of life, | 学会了说mRNA的语言,生命的语言, |
| 272 | we can now use it to create medicines that are just for one person, | 我们现在可以用它来制造只适合一个人的药物, |
| 273 | like a personalized cancer vaccine, | 就像个性化的癌症疫苗 |
| 274 | or can be rapidly produced and distributed to entire populations | 或可迅速生产并分发给全体人口 |
| 275 | 像COVID-19疫苗一样 | |
| 276 | And the best part? | 那最精彩的部分呢? |
| 277 | The best part is we're simply tapping into your body's own ability | 最好的部分是 我们只是挖掘你的身体的能力 |
| 278 | to make its own medicines. | 做自己的药。 |
| 279 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
该视频共有字幕 279 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格