红色黄金：藏红花为何贵过黄金？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | Spices are often far pricier proportionately than the foods they flavor. | 香料往往比它们口味的食物要多得多。 |
| 0:06 | But one's cost has long topped them all. | 但代价早已超过他们所有 |
| 0:09 | Saffron's red threads regularly run at rates over $600 US dollars an ounce. | 萨芙蓉的红线定期运行 价格超过600美元一盎司。 |
| 0:17 | So why is this so-called red gold so expensive? | 那为什么这所谓的红金这么贵? |
| 0:22 | Spices come from different plant parts. | 香料来自不同的植物部分. |
| 0:25 | Saffron is the only one made of flower stigmas. | 莎草是唯一由花纹污名制成的. |
| 0:29 | They're plucked from a flowering plant called a crocus. | 他们从一个叫鳄鱼的花卉植物里摘下来的 |
| 0:34 | Different crocus species dot countrysides across Eurasia and North Africa, | 欧亚大陆和北非各地不同的鳄鱼物种点乡, |
| 0:40 | and it appears that humans began harvesting wild crocuses quite a way back. | 似乎人类开始捕食野生鳄鱼 相当的回溯。 |
| 0:46 | Ancient cave paintings in what's now Iraq derived colors from crocus pigments. | 伊拉克古老的洞穴画 从鳄鱼色素中衍生出颜色 |
展开字幕全文（74 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spices are often far pricier proportionately than the foods they flavor. | 香料往往比它们口味的食物要多得多。 |
| 2 | But one's cost has long topped them all. | 但代价早已超过他们所有 |
| 3 | Saffron's red threads regularly run at rates over $600 US dollars an ounce. | 萨芙蓉的红线定期运行 价格超过600美元一盎司。 |
| 4 | So why is this so-called red gold so expensive? | 那为什么这所谓的红金这么贵? |
| 5 | Spices come from different plant parts. | 香料来自不同的植物部分. |
| 6 | Saffron is the only one made of flower stigmas. | 莎草是唯一由花纹污名制成的. |
| 7 | They're plucked from a flowering plant called a crocus. | 他们从一个叫鳄鱼的花卉植物里摘下来的 |
| 8 | Different crocus species dot countrysides across Eurasia and North Africa, | 欧亚大陆和北非各地不同的鳄鱼物种点乡, |
| 9 | and it appears that humans began harvesting wild crocuses quite a way back. | 似乎人类开始捕食野生鳄鱼 相当的回溯。 |
| 10 | Ancient cave paintings in what's now Iraq derived colors from crocus pigments. | 伊拉克古老的洞穴画 从鳄鱼色素中衍生出颜色 |
| 11 | However, this paint was probably created with a different type of crocus | 不过,这种涂料可能是用另一种卡片做的 |
| 12 | because it's thought that the saffron crocus developed relatively recently | 因为它认为 红花鳄鱼 相对较近的发展 |
| 13 | when a single wild crocus produced a seed carrying an extra set of chromosomes. | 当一个单一的野生鳄鱼产生种子时,会携带一组额外的染色体. |
| 14 | This mutation resulted in a flower with especially long stigmas | 这种变异导致一朵花 特别长的污名 |
| 15 | that packed high concentrations of three compounds of interest— | 上面夹着高浓度的三种化合物, |
| 16 | crocin, which lends saffron its vibrant hue and makes an effective dye, | 白葡萄酒,它能借给红花 它充满活力的花色 并且能有效染色 |
| 17 | picrocrocin, which gives saffron its characteristic taste, | 香草的特质 |
| 18 | and saffronol, which imparts its hay-like aroma. | 和红花醇, 它传递它的干草状芳香。 |
| 19 | The plant's added chromosomes also made it sterile, | 植物添加的染色体也使其无菌, |
| 20 | so it could have simply come and gone from the face of the Earth pretty quickly. | 这样它就可以从地球的表面来去去去 很快 |
| 21 | But scientists think that people long ago recognized this unique crocus qualities. | 但科学家们认为,人们很久以前就认识到了这种独特的鳄鱼特质. |
| 22 | And while it couldn't reproduce sexually by seed, | 虽然它不能通过种子进行性繁殖, |
| 23 | it could spread through its corm, | 它可以通过它的皮层传播, |
| 24 | an underground, stem-like plant organ that can asexually generate new growth. | 一种地下干燥状的植物器官 可以产生新的生长 |
| 25 | It seems people began propagating it themselves, | 看来人们开始自己宣传它了 |
| 26 | separating and cultivating new corm growths. | 分离和培育新的皮质生长。 |
| 27 | Today's commercial saffron comes from crocuses | 今天的商业红花来自鳄鱼 |
| 28 | that are all functionally twins from this single clonal line. | 这些都是功能上的双胞胎 从单块线。 |
| 29 | Scientists think the original plant first emerged in southern Greece. | 科学家认为原始植物最早出现在希腊南部. |
| 30 | Exactly when is unclear, | 确切的时间不明, |
| 31 | but over 3,500-year-old Greek frescoes depict women harvesting the spice. | 但超过3500年的希腊壁画描绘了女性收获香料的情况. |
| 32 | And saffron fields in modern-day Iran seem to trace back at least 3,000 years. | 而现代伊朗的红花田似乎至少可以追溯到3000年. |
| 33 | Before long, ancient Persian people were stirring the spice into foods, | 不久,古代波斯人 正在把香料搅拌成食物 |
| 34 | freshening up with saffron-infused perfume | 用香水浇香水 |
| 35 | and draping themselves in saffron-tinged fabrics. | 并用红漆的布料蒙蔽自己。 |
| 36 | Ancient Greeks spread the spice's sensuous smell in courts, theaters, and baths. | 古希腊人在法庭、剧院和浴室里散发香料的味道。 |
| 37 | And in 4th century BCE Persia, | 在4世纪的BCE波斯, |
| 38 | Alexander the Great became smitten with saffron | 亚历山大大帝开始用红花打人 |
| 39 | and recommended it in baths to treat battle wounds. | 并推荐它在浴缸中治疗战斗伤痕. |
| 40 | Legend says Cleopatra likewise achieved glowing skin from soaking in the spice. | 传说Cleopatra同样实现了从香料中浸泡的皮肤发光. |
| 41 | And around the 9th century, Islamic rulers lavished each other with saffron gifts | 在9世纪左右,伊斯兰统治者们 以鲜花的礼物互相迷惑 |
| 42 | during prisoner exchanges and other diplomatic ventures. | 在交换囚犯和其他外交活动期间。 |
| 43 | 波斯医生Ibn Sina在他的Canon of Medicine Circa 1025中加入了红花 | |
| 44 | as an aphrodisiac and treatment for ailments like depression | 作为治疗抑郁症的药剂 |
| 45 | asthma and inflammation. | 哮喘与炎热. |
| 46 | Meanwhile, a Tibetan text boasted saffron's immune-strengthening | 同时,藏文的文字夸大了红花的免疫力 |
| 47 | and beauty-intensifying powers. | 和美化的力量。 |
| 48 | In 1300s Europe, saffron was a purported antidote to the plague. | 在1300年代的欧洲, 红花是一种所谓的解毒剂 瘟疫。 |
| 49 | Many of these historical accounts of saffron's health benefits | 这些历史记载中,有许多关于红花的健康好处 |
| 50 | don't hold up or are overblown, | 不要坚持或过度, |
| 51 | but saffron has indeed proved to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. | 但红花确实证明了 具有抗炎和抗氧化的特性。 |
| 52 | In medieval Nuremberg, the government appointed inspectors to check for saffron fraud | 在中世纪的纽伦堡,政府指定了检查员 来检查红花欺诈 |
| 53 | and dole out punishments as extreme as the death penalty. | 并处以与死刑一样极端的刑罚。 |
| 54 | While in the early 1700s, settlers brought saffron to North America, | 在1700年代初期,定居者将红花带到北美, |
| 55 | where it fetched the same price as gold at the Philadelphia Exchange. | 费城交易所的黄金价格一样 |
| 56 | Saffron's pricey preciousness, then and now, comes down to its production. | 莎花的贵重珍贵,后来和现在,下到其生产. |
| 57 | Most of the work required to produce saffron is squeezed into the crocuses' | 制作红花所需的大部分工作都被挤进鳄鱼体内". |
| 58 | roughly two-week flowering window. | 大约两周的花窗 |
| 59 | Workers often begin at dawn hand-picking the crocuses, | 工人常常从黎明开始手摘鳄鱼 |
| 60 | usually before they blossom to prevent wilting and preserve potency. | 通常在它们开花前防止枯萎和保持力量 |
| 61 | Then they pluck the three stigmas from each flower and dry them. | 然后他们从每朵花中摘下三个污名,然后干干它们. |
| 62 | They must process around 150,000 flowers, | 他们必须处理大约15万朵花 |
| 63 | the equivalent of over 400 hours of labor, to produce a single kilogram of saffron. | 相当于四百多小时的劳动 生产一公斤红花 |
| 64 | A little goes a long way in what have become some of saffron's signature dishes, | 花红花的标志性菜肴已经变得很长一段时间了 |
| 65 | a few threads infusing whole trays of tashin, pans of paella, and bowls of bouillabaisse. | 几条线注入了整个托盘 塔辛, 锅帕拉,和碗布依拉拜斯。 |
| 66 | But the spice's price has stayed astronomical. | 但香料的价格一直保持在天文水平. |
| 67 | Over generations, farmers have selectively bred many other domesticated crops | 世代相传,农民有选择地培育了许多其他驯养作物 |
| 68 | to maximize yields and other desirable traits. | 最大限度地提高产量和其他可取的特征。 |
| 69 | However, because saffron crocuses are all sterile clones, | 然而,由于红花鳄鱼都是无菌克隆人, |
| 70 | they've remained largely unchanged, as have their labor-intensive, low-stigma yields. | 劳动力密集、低迷的产量也一样。 |
| 71 | Some researchers are investigating experimentally-inducing mutations. | 一些研究人员正在研究实验诱导突变. |
| 72 | But environmental instability has made harvests increasingly unreliable, | 但环境不稳定使收获越来越不可靠, |
| 73 | threatening the saffron crop and the traditional livelihoods | 威胁到红花作物和传统生计 |
| 74 | that have painstakingly kept the miraculous mutant alive for millennia. | 使神奇的变种人存活了几千年 |
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