地球为何完美得可疑？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | You are the end result of a list of coincidences so long and so specific | 你是一个最终的结果 列表的巧合如此长和如此具体 |
| 0:09 | that it absolutely boggles the mind you even exist. | 这绝对会动摇你的存在 |
| 0:14 | And it even makes some scientists uncomfortable. | 甚至让一些科学家感到不舒服。 |
| 0:19 | Now, have you ever wondered why me? | 你有没有想过为什么是我? |
| 0:22 | Why this planet? | 为什么是这个星球? |
| 0:25 | Why is this place so perfect for life to thrive? | 为什么这个地方如此完美 生活才能繁荣? |
| 0:30 | And why is it the only one? | 为什么是唯一一个? |
| 0:33 | Is it almost too perfect? | 是不是太完美了吗? |
| 0:36 | Well, take off your tinfoil hats because today we're uncovering | 好了,脱掉你的锡油帽子 因为今天我们正在发现 |
| 0:40 | How is Earth so suspiciously perfect for life? | 地球如何如此可疑的完美生活? |
展开字幕全文（267 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | You are the end result of a list of coincidences so long and so specific | 你是一个最终的结果 列表的巧合如此长和如此具体 |
| 2 | that it absolutely boggles the mind you even exist. | 这绝对会动摇你的存在 |
| 3 | And it even makes some scientists uncomfortable. | 甚至让一些科学家感到不舒服。 |
| 4 | Now, have you ever wondered why me? | 你有没有想过为什么是我? |
| 5 | Why this planet? | 为什么是这个星球? |
| 6 | Why is this place so perfect for life to thrive? | 为什么这个地方如此完美 生活才能繁荣? |
| 7 | And why is it the only one? | 为什么是唯一一个? |
| 8 | Is it almost too perfect? | 是不是太完美了吗? |
| 9 | Well, take off your tinfoil hats because today we're uncovering | 好了,脱掉你的锡油帽子 因为今天我们正在发现 |
| 10 | How is Earth so suspiciously perfect for life? | 地球如何如此可疑的完美生活? |
| 11 | Earth's outer core, a swirling sphere of liquid nickel and iron | 地球的外核 液态镍和铁的旋绕范围 |
| 12 | nearly as hot as the surface of the Sun. | 几乎和太阳表面一样热 |
| 13 | Jupiter, the massive gas giant dominating the outer solar system. | 木星 巨大的气体巨星 占据着外太阳系 |
| 14 | And two billion years ago, pond scum, or cyanobacteria as the botanists call them, | 20亿年前, 池塘人渣, 或氰细菌 如植物学家所称, |
| 15 | the original photosynthesizers. | 原光合作用。 |
| 16 | Now, what connects these three seemingly unrelated things? | 现在,这三件事有什么关系? |
| 17 | Well, take any one of them out of existence and you wouldn't be watching this. | 好吧,把他们中的任何一个 离开存在,你不会看到这一点。 |
| 18 | Because you don't exist. | 因为你不存在。 |
| 19 | None of us do. | 我们没有人知道。 |
| 20 | If you removed any one of those factors from the how life was made on Earth chain, | 如果你从地球上生命链的形成方式中去除其中任何一种因素 |
| 21 | well, this place is just another barren rock. | 这个地方只是另一个贫瘠的岩石 |
| 22 | It's Mars. | 这是火星。 |
| 23 | Dead, old, empty Mars. | 死了,老了,空虚的火星。 |
| 24 | The list of conditions for life to evolve on our planet are so long | 我们星球上生命进化的条件如此之长 |
| 25 | that it's almost impossible to believe they've all been found on this one rock we call home. | 几乎不可能相信 他们都被发现 在这块我们称之为家园的岩石上 |
| 26 | So, what's so great about this joint? | 那么,什么是那么伟大的 这关节? |
| 27 | Well, to start, it's orbiting at just the right distance from a medium yellow dwarf star, | 首先,它正在轨道上运行 距离一颗中等黄矮星的距离 |
| 28 | about 150 km out. | 大约150公里外。 |
| 29 | That's 93 million miles. | 这是9300万英里。 |
| 30 | This delivers just enough energy to keep this place at an average of 15°C, 59°F worldwide. | 这仅能提供足够能量,使这个地方保持全世界平均15°C,59°F的水平. |
| 31 | And we're sitting in the Goldilocks Zone, or the Habitable Zone. | 而我们坐在金锁区,或可玩区。 |
| 32 | It's perfect fishing weather. | 钓鱼天气完美. |
| 33 | Way better temperatures than the rest of the planets, | 比其他星球的温度要好得多 |
| 34 | which range from a lead-melting 464°C on Venus | 介于金星上铅熔化464°C之间 |
| 35 | to a very cryogenic minus 200°C on Neptune. | 在海王星上低温减200°C |
| 36 | Earth has run incredibly lukewarm throughout its history. | 地球在其整个历史中都非常冷暖 |
| 37 | From roughly 10°C to 35°C, that's 50 to 95°F. | 从大约10°C到35°C,即50到95°F. |
| 38 | That's all very normal June weather, | 这都是很正常的六月天气, |
| 39 | which is important because it means that even with a cold winter and a hot summer, | 这很重要 因为即使冬天寒冷 夏天炎热 |
| 40 | Earth has a really important quality. | 地球具有非常重要的质量。 |
| 41 | Liquid water can exist on the surface of our planet. | 液态水可以存在于地球表面。 |
| 42 | And life without water, as far as we know, ain't happening. | 而没有水的生活, 据我们所知,是不会发生的。 |
| 43 | We need it for chemical reactions and what we humans call drinking water. | 我们需要它用于化学反应和我们人类所称的饮用水。 |
| 44 | It's a universal solvent, dissolving more substances than any other liquid we know. | 它是一种通用溶剂,比我们所知的任何其他液体更能溶解物质. |
| 45 | Minerals, chemicals, salt, you name it. | 矿产品,化学产品,盐,你说的。 |
| 46 | I mean, our bodies are more than half water. | 我的意思是,我们的身体是 一半以上的水。 |
| 47 | It's critical stuff. | 这是关键的东西。 |
| 48 | Earth's water arrived through a mix of outgassing volcanoes | 地球的水通过火山喷出气来 |
| 49 | blasting water vapor and CO2 into the atmosphere, | 将水蒸气和二氧化碳吹入大气层, |
| 50 | and carbonaceous asteroids creating a steam bath in the early days. | 和碳化物小行星在早期形成蒸汽浴. |
| 51 | So, great, Earth has water. | 所以,伟大的,地球有水。 |
| 52 | So do lots of places in the Universe. | 宇宙中很多地方都是这样 |
| 53 | They don't have this thing hanging around. | 他们可没这玩意 |
| 54 | Yeah, that's our Moon being formed from an interplanetary collision | 是的,这是我们的月球 由星际碰撞形成 |
| 55 | four and a half billion years ago. | 45亿年前 |
| 56 | And the Moon is special, unique compared to most Moons. | 而月球是特殊的,与大多数月球相比是独一无二的. |
| 57 | While it's not the biggest Moon in the Solar System, | 虽然它不是太阳系最大的月球 |
| 58 | it's the largest Moon in the Solar System compared to its hosts. | 它是太阳系中与宿主相比最大的月球. |
| 59 | And that matters. | 这很重要。 |
| 60 | It's proportionally big. | 成比例大. |
| 61 | And it has a proportionally big impact on our planet. | 它对我们的星球有相当大的影响。 |
| 62 | Since the beginning, when Earth was just a sphere of molten rock, | 从一开始,地球只是熔岩的球体 |
| 63 | the Moon has been our safe space, our BFF. | 月球是我们的安全空间,我们的BFF。 |
| 64 | Really, it's moderated us. | 真的,它主持我们。 |
| 65 | How? | 怎么会? |
| 66 | Well, that first impact we just saw with the proto-planet Theia | 我们刚刚看到的第一次撞击是原行星Theia |
| 67 | knocked Earth off its axis. | 将地球从它的轴上敲开 |
| 68 | That is, it gave our planet a permanently jaunty tilted axis, | 也就是说 它给了我们的星球一个永久的斜轴 |
| 69 | right from the beginning, ranging from 22 degrees to 24 degrees off-center. | 从开始,从22度到24度 |
| 70 | And even though it's just under 1% of the mass of Earth, | 尽管它还不到地球质量的1%, |
| 71 | the Moon's gravitational pull has locked us into that incline | 月球的引力把我们锁在了那条线上 |
| 72 | with very little wobble. | 与微弱的摇摆。 |
| 73 | Right now, we're at about 23.5 degrees, | 我们现在在23.5度左右 |
| 74 | which may not sound like a big deal, but at a higher degree, | 听起来也许没什么大不了的 但是在更高一级 |
| 75 | our summers and winters would be way more extreme, more deadly. | 我们的夏天和冬天会更极端,更致命。 |
| 76 | But with zero tilt, we'd have no summers or winters at all, | 但是,如果零倾斜, 我们不会有夏天或冬天, |
| 77 | just super-frozen poles and an overcooked equator. | 超级冰冻的柱子和一个超熟的赤道 |
| 78 | The Moon gives us stable seasons and gives us strong tides. | 月球给我们稳定的季节 给我们强大的潮汐 |
| 79 | We're basically a planet-wide washing machine. | 我们基本上是一个全星球范围的洗衣机。 |
| 80 | And it's given us longer days. | 它给了我们更长的时间。 |
| 81 | Without the Moon, the Earth would be spinning way faster, | 没有月球,地球会转得更快 |
| 82 | like six-hour days instead of 24. | 像六小时而不是24天。 |
| 83 | The weather would be insane. | 天气会是疯了。 |
| 84 | So just that one collision billions of years ago | 所以就在数十亿年前发生的一次碰撞 |
| 85 | gave Earth the perfect partner, | 给地球一个完美的伴侣, |
| 86 | one who makes us both dynamic, tidally and seasonally, yet stable. | 一个能让我们充满活力、潮汐和季节性但又稳定的人 |
| 87 | Is that rare? | 这是罕见的吗? |
| 88 | Are you paying attention? | 你在注意吗? |
| 89 | Yeah, you betcha, it's rare. | 是啊,你敢打赌,这是罕见的。 |
| 90 | That impact also changed the contents of Earth's core. | 这种撞击也改变了地球核心的内容. |
| 91 | That core, incidentally, is the next reason our home is so perfect for life. | 顺便说一句,这个核心 是下一个我们家如此完美生活的原因。 |
| 92 | You see, initially, Earth's core was just a uniform ball of molten rock | 你看,最初,地球的核 只是一个统一的球 熔岩 |
| 93 | four and a half billion years ago. | 45亿年前 |
| 94 | But it heated up in the early days, | 但它在早期发热, |
| 95 | and about 500 million years after it was formed | 约5亿年后 |
| 96 | got so hot that the iron melted. | 热到铁融化了 |
| 97 | The heavy metals sank to the centre of Earth, | 重金属沉到地球中心 |
| 98 | and the lighter silicates and water drifted to the surface. | 更轻的硅酸盐和水漂到地表 |
| 99 | And we wound up with a multi-layered planet. | 而我们最终却面对了一个多层次的星球。 |
| 100 | Which is also important because our outer core, | 这也很重要 因为我们的外核 |
| 101 | made of rapidly spinning liquid nickel and iron, | 由迅速旋转的液态镍和铁制成, |
| 102 | generates immense electrical currents. | 产生巨大的电流。 |
| 103 | These currents create a gigantic magnetic field | 这些电流会产生巨大的磁场 |
| 104 | that stretches deep into space, a magnetosphere. | 它伸展到太空深处 一个磁层 |
| 105 | We don't even notice it, unless we're looking at the northern or the southern lights, | 我们甚至没有注意到它, 除非我们看着北部或南部的灯, |
| 106 | but it protects Earth from radiation, solar wind and cosmic rays. | 但是它保护地球免受辐射 太阳风和宇宙射线的影响 |
| 107 | And it's protected our atmosphere from being stripped away by solar radiation | 它保护了我们的大气层 不被太阳辐射夺走 |
| 108 | for billions of years. | 数十亿年。 |
| 109 | Again, the fact that systems like this run without fail, | 再说一遍 像这样的系统运转顺利 |
| 110 | it seems a little too perfect. | 看起来太完美了 |
| 111 | You know what else doesn't happen twice? | 你知道还有什么不发生两次? |
| 112 | The perfect conditions for life. | 完美的生活环境 |
| 113 | So far, we haven't found any other civilizations in the Universe. | 迄今为止,我们还没有在宇宙中找到任何其他文明。 |
| 114 | Life, as far as we can see, is truly special. | 生活,就我们所知,是真正的特殊。 |
| 115 | Now, we happen to live on a planet that's just the perfect distance from a star, | 现在,我们恰好生活在一个 与恒星相距最近的星球上, |
| 116 | with the perfect moon and the perfect core, | 以完美的月亮和完美的核心盟誓, |
| 117 | the perfect magnetosphere, | 完美的磁层, |
| 118 | which coincidentally allowed for the creation of the perfect atmosphere. | 巧巧地创造了完美的氛围 |
| 119 | Now, the other thing that's perfect? | 现在,另一件事是完美的? |
| 120 | Our size. | 我们的大小。 |
| 121 | If we were smaller, our atmosphere would have just floated away, | 如果我们更小,我们的大气就会飘散 |
| 122 | because gravity wouldn't keep all the gases on board. | 因为重力不会把气体都留在船上 |
| 123 | Like airless old Mars. | 就像没有空气的老火星 |
| 124 | And our atmosphere, full of nitrogen and oxygen, 100 kilometers thick, | 我们的大气充满了氮气和氧气 厚达100公里 |
| 125 | protects life on Earth from meteoroids, causing them to burn up when they strike us. | 保护地球上的生命免受流星体的侵袭 当它们袭击我们时它们会燃烧 |
| 126 | Yet another perfect shield for life to take root. | 又一个完美的盾牌 让生命生根 |
| 127 | But none of it would have taken root if it weren't for the actual chemistry of the planet. | 但是如果没有这个星球的实际化学作用,它就不会生根. |
| 128 | Now, fortunately, Earth is loaded with the big six life essential elements. | 现在,幸运的是,地球充满了六大生命的基本要素。 |
| 129 | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. | 碳,氢,氧,氮,磷,硫. |
| 130 | It's a pretty normal combo on most planets, | 在大多数星球上都是很正常的组合 |
| 131 | but here's the thing scientists have discovered in just the last year. | 但科学家在去年发现了这个 |
| 132 | There's not just a Goldilocks zone where the water is liquid and the living is easy. | 不仅有一个金锁区,水是液态的,活的容易. |
| 133 | There's also a chemical Goldilocks zone. | 还有化学金锁区. |
| 134 | And if there's not enough oxygen available during the planet's formation, | 如果在行星形成期间没有足够的氧气, |
| 135 | the phosphorus will fuse with heavy metals and sink to the core with it, | 磷会与重金属融化 并沉入核心, |
| 136 | and the nitrogen will escape into the atmosphere. | 氮气会逃入大气层 |
| 137 | So then, neither element winds up in the mantle or the crust | 所以,无论元素在地幔里还是地壳里都不存在 |
| 138 | in the outer layers of the planet where it's available for life. | 在地球的外层中 它可以生存 |
| 139 | No phosphorus equals no DNA. | 无磷等于无DNA. |
| 140 | No nitrogen, no proteins, and zero life. | 没有氮,没有蛋白质, 和零生命。 |
| 141 | But Earth, it seems, had just the right balance of oxygen in the earliest days | 但是,地球,它似乎, 只是正确的平衡 氧气在早期 |
| 142 | to keep those critical elements around near the surface | 让这些关键元素靠近表面 |
| 143 | where they could release nutrients to the environment. | 他们可以释放养分到环境中。 |
| 144 | In short, life's nutrients come from the mantle, and ours is full of the good stuff. | 简而言之,生命的营养来源于地幔,我们的营养充满了好的东西. |
| 145 | But there's also got to be a system of melting and delivering that good stuff to the surface. | 但是,也必须有一个系统 融化和把好的东西送到表面。 |
| 146 | No problem on our perfect planet. | 我们完美星球上没问题 |
| 147 | You see, Earth's hot, dense core and the lighter mantle have created the perfect delivery system. | 你看,地球的热,稠密的核心 和更轻的地幔 创造了完美的送货系统。 |
| 148 | There's a continual upwelling of hot magma pushing through to the surface and mixing with water. | 热岩浆不断上升 冲到地表 与水混合 |
| 149 | Volcanoes and lava? | 火山和熔岩吗? |
| 150 | We got them. | 我们抓到他们了 |
| 151 | That's led to ever-shifting tectonic plates, creating continents, shallow seas. | 这导致了不断变化的构造板块, 创造了大陆,浅海。 |
| 152 | It's also created deep-sea smokers. | 也创造了深海吸烟者. |
| 153 | Hydrothermal vents, where life likely started, | 热液喷口,生命可能开始的地方, |
| 154 | are the perfect combination of energy, water, and essential chemicals all swirling together. | 是能量,水, 和基本化学物质的完美结合 一起旋转。 |
| 155 | This led to the first complicated biomolecule reproducing itself, | 这导致了第一个复杂的生物分子再生, |
| 156 | becoming active as a result of chemical reactions. | 由于化学反应而变得活跃. |
| 157 | Life, forming in the most basic single-celled extremophile around four billion years ago. | 生命,形成于40亿年前最基础的单细胞超人体内。 |
| 158 | Only one billion years later, those cyanobacteria we mentioned | 仅仅10亿年后,我们提到的青霉菌 |
| 159 | evolved and started turning sunlight and carbon dioxide into oxygen. | 进化并开始将阳光和二氧化碳转化为氧气. |
| 160 | And then everything changed. | 然后一切都变了 |
| 161 | 530 million years ago, the first multi-celled organisms took off, and life thrived. | 5.3亿年前,第一个多细胞生物起飞,生命蓬勃发展. |
| 162 | 65 million years ago, a certain meteorite got rid of our main competition, the dinosaurs. | 6500万年前,有一颗陨石摆脱了我们的主要竞争对手恐龙. |
| 163 | And zero million years ago, here we are. | 和0百万年前,我们在这里。 |
| 164 | Life on our planet survived everything the Sun and the Universe could throw at us. | 我们星球上的生命 幸存下来 太阳和宇宙可以向我们投射的一切 |
| 165 | I mean, we did have the perfect location, the perfect moon, and the perfect core. | 我的意思是,我们确实有 完美的位置,完美的月亮,和完美的核心。 |
| 166 | Heck, we even had the perfect big brother watching our backs. | 哦,我们甚至有一个完美的哥哥 看着我们的背。 |
| 167 | Jupiter, often called the solar system's vacuum cleaner. | 木星,常称为太阳系的真空清除器. |
| 168 | While everything was slowly evolving in the inner planets, Jupiter was standing guard in the outer planets. | 虽然内行星中的一切在缓慢演化,但木星却在外行星中处于警戒状态. |
| 169 | Its immense gravity drew in dangerous comets and asteroids, | 它的巨大引力 吸引了危险的彗星和小行星 |
| 170 | keeping them from nuking us during our many fragile transition periods. | 让他们在很多脆弱的过渡期里不让我们失望。 |
| 171 | We just saw it shred comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, pulling it into its depths, | 我们刚刚看到它粉碎彗星Shoemaker-Levy 9,把它拉进它的深处, |
| 172 | instead of allowing it to hurtle into the inner solar system. | 而不是让它进入内太阳系 |
| 173 | All these elements, from phosphorus to the magnetosphere to Big Bro Jupiter, | 所有这些元素,从磷到磁层到木星大兄弟 |
| 174 | there are so many Goldilocks that they're hard to keep track of. | 有这么多的金锁 他们很难跟踪。 |
| 175 | So if that many things had to line up, could this really just be luck? | 所以,如果这么多事情必须排队, 这真的只是运气? |
| 176 | An enormous cosmic coincidence? | 一个巨大的宇宙巧合? |
| 177 | The only spot in the Universe where this happened? | 宇宙中唯一发生这种情况的地方? |
| 178 | Or is it all just a bit too perfect? | 还是一切都太完美了? |
| 179 | As far as we can see, we're the only sign of life in the Universe. | 就我们所知,我们是宇宙中生命的唯一标志。 |
| 180 | With hundreds of billions of stars in our galaxy and trillions of galaxies in the Universe, | 我们银河系有数千亿的恒星 宇宙有数万亿的恒星 |
| 181 | it's gotta be really hard for life to take root. | 生命得很难扎根 |
| 182 | If life is so unlikely, why did it take root here? | 如果生命如此渺茫,它为什么在这里扎根? |
| 183 | Well, what else could explain it? | 还有什么可以解释的? |
| 184 | Is there a great designer, a hyper-intelligent force | 是否有一个伟大的设计师, 一个超智能的力量 |
| 185 | that assembled all these unlikely elements, | 集合了所有这些不可能的元素, |
| 186 | like a series of dominoes and set them in motion? | 像一连串的多米诺 并使它们运动? |
| 187 | Or maybe this planet is too good of a reality to really be real. | 也许这个星球是太好的 现实是真实的。 |
| 188 | Maybe we're living in a simulation on a sentient AI being's home server, a Matrix. | 也许我们生活在一个模拟中 一个有灵敏感知的AI 是主服务器,一个母体。 |
| 189 | Or there's a Kardashev Level 3 civilization coaxing us along, | 或者有卡尔达舍夫三级文明 给我们带来麻烦 |
| 190 | developing life on Earth from afar, | 从远处发展地球上的生命, |
| 191 | like a kid with a petri dish seeding it with just the right mix of basic RNA | 就像一个孩子用Petri菜来播种 配上合适的RNA |
| 192 | in order to build a tiny zoo. | 为了建立一个小动物园。 |
| 193 | Maybe we're an interstellar ant colony. | 也许我们是星际蚁群 |
| 194 | The thing is, there's no proof of any of that stuff. | 问题是,没有任何证据 |
| 195 | No glitch in the Matrix, no monolith on Earth, on the Moon, | 母体里没有漏洞 地球上没有单石 月球上也没有 |
| 196 | no fingerprints from altruistic alien tentacles. | 没有异形异形触角的指纹 |
| 197 | As far as we can tell, we're here because we're the luckiest species | 据我们所知,我们在这里 因为我们是最幸运的物种 |
| 198 | to be living on the one planet that has everything needed for life. | 生活在一个拥有生命所需一切的星球上 |
| 199 | And we must be, because as we look out into the Universe, | 我们必须这样做,因为我们看着宇宙, |
| 200 | we don't see any other civilizations. | 我们看不到其他文明 |
| 201 | We are, as far as we can tell, alone. | 就我们所知,我们是孤独的。 |
| 202 | So, in an empty Universe, we alone are the proof | 因此,在虚空的宇宙中,我们是唯一的证明 |
| 203 | that the coincidences just stacked up ever so perfectly | 巧合如此完美地堆积起来 |
| 204 | and the house of cards somehow never toppled. | 和牌屋 不知何故从来没有被推翻。 |
| 205 | Except, I mean, we're assuming Earth and the life on it are rare. | 除了,我的意思是,我们假设地球 和它的生命是罕见的。 |
| 206 | But here's a thought. | 但有一个想法。 |
| 207 | What if that assumption is a mistake? | 如果这个假设是错的呢? |
| 208 | Look, any sentient creature that's able to list the conditions that produced it | 听着 任何能列出生产条件的 灵敏生物 |
| 209 | will always call those conditions a necessity. | 将永远认为这些条件是必要的。 |
| 210 | Because if they'd been different, that sentient creature wouldn't exist. | 因为如果它们不同了,那灵异生物就不会存在. |
| 211 | Take Jupiter as a necessity for life on Earth, | 把木星当作地球上生命的必备条件 |
| 212 | a space vacuum shielding us from asteroid destruction. | 太空真空挡住了小行星的破坏 |
| 213 | There are actually recent studies showcasing now that | 最近的研究表明 |
| 214 | Jupiter may have caused just as many asteroid impacts as it saved. | 木星可能已经造成了同样多的小行星撞击 因为它救了。 |
| 215 | So, if Jupiter isn't a necessity, | 如果木星不是必需的 |
| 216 | how many on that long list of coincidences are actually necessary? | 那长长的巧合名单上有多少是真正必要的? |
| 217 | Is a moon that causes tides important? | 引起潮汐的月亮很重要吗? |
| 218 | Or is a tideless Earth equally capable of producing complex life? | 还是没有潮汐的地球同样能够产生复杂的生命? |
| 219 | What is and isn't a deal breaker? | 什么是不是交易断路器? |
| 220 | If we look inward, we only see the example we know, life on Earth. | 如果我们向内看,我们只看到我们所知道的例子,地球上的生命。 |
| 221 | But what happens if we look elsewhere? | 但如果我们找别的地方怎么办? |
| 222 | With quadrillions of planets out there, | 外面有四亿颗行星 |
| 223 | how can we be the only one? | 我们怎么能是唯一一个? |
| 224 | Yeah, there's a long list of requirements to produce life here, | 是的,这里有很多生产生命的要求 |
| 225 | but how many of those stacked together truly limit life's creation? | 但有多少堆积在一起 真正限制了生命的创造? |
| 226 | Certainly, with the multitude of planets out there, | 当然, 有很多行星在那里, |
| 227 | a similar setup has occurred already. | 类似设置已经发生 。 |
| 228 | It's called the Fermi paradox, named after Enrico Fermi, | 它被称为费米悖论,以恩里科·费米命名, |
| 229 | who cooked the idea up in the 1950s. | 他在20世纪50年代做了这个想法 |
| 230 | It's the idea that if there are trillions of galaxies, | 这个想法是,如果有万亿星系, |
| 231 | each with trillions of planets, | 各有数万亿行星, |
| 232 | there should be loads of civilizations out there. | 外面应该有很多文明 |
| 233 | So, why haven't we spotted at least one sign of civilization? | 那么,为什么我们没有看到 至少一个文明的迹象? |
| 234 | Well, forgetting about time, | 好吧,忘了时间, |
| 235 | that other ingredient that made life possible on Earth. | 使地球上的生命成为可能的其他成分 |
| 236 | It's taken a long time for this planet to go from | 这个星球需要很长的时间 |
| 237 | seething liquid iron to people with cell phones. | 有手机的人身上有液体铁 |
| 238 | Four and a half billion years, stable years, relatively. | 45亿年,稳定年,相对而言. |
| 239 | And our civilization really has only existed for 10,000 years. | 我们的文明只存在了一万年。 |
| 240 | That's one 450,000th of the planet's existence. | 这是地球存在的45万分之一。 |
| 241 | Now, if you consider the time when we had the technological ability | 现在,如果你考虑 我们拥有技术能力的时间 |
| 242 | to look out and find signs of life, | 寻找生命的迹象, |
| 243 | it's like one 17 millionth of the planet's existence. | 这就像地球存在的1700万分之一 |
| 244 | It's literally nothingness cosmologically. | 从宇宙学上来说,其实没什么 |
| 245 | And it's very possible that civilizations rise and fall all the time | 文明的兴起和衰落是很有可能的 |
| 246 | and blink out of existence | 并闪烁出存在 |
| 247 | before they can even spot each other over the billions of light years. | 在数十亿光年里 他们甚至可以互相发现对方 |
| 248 | It's also possible that we just don't have the gear yet to find anyone else. | 可能我们还没找到其他人 |
| 249 | Despite the quintillions or more exoplanets out there, | 尽管那里有五千万或更多外行星 |
| 250 | we've only discovered 6,300 of them. | 我们只发现了6300个 |
| 251 | So, we're still trying to figure out what the conditions for life are | 所以,我们仍在试图 找出生活的条件是什么 |
| 252 | and where to look. | 和在哪里寻找。 |
| 253 | Because we're mostly working from what happened on our planet, | 因为我们大部分时间都在研究我们星球上发生的事 |
| 254 | we might be looking at it all wrong. | 我们可能看错了 |
| 255 | Look, the conditions for life only look like requirements | 你看,生活的条件 只是看起来像要求 |
| 256 | because they're the ones that produced us. | 因为他们是产生我们的人。 |
| 257 | Change any of those conditions and a different creature, | 改变其中的任何条件 和一个不同的生物, |
| 258 | say an evolved dinosaur or a different kind of human, | 说进化的恐龙 或另一种人类, |
| 259 | might be telling the same story. | 可能也是这么说的 |
| 260 | So, regarding the suspiciously perfect conditions for life on Earth, | 因此,关于地球上令人怀疑的完美生命条件, |
| 261 | is perfect the right word? | 是完美的词吗? |
| 262 | Or is it just perfect to produce us? | 或只是完美的生产我们? |
| 263 | That seems more likely. | 这似乎更可能。 |
| 264 | Now, maybe eventually we'll figure it all out | 现在,也许我们最终会想通的 |
| 265 | and get bored and become one of those galaxy-spanning civilizations out there, | 变得无聊 成为那些星系扩张的文明之一 |
| 266 | planting interstellar ant colonies. | 种植星际蚁群 |
| 267 | But that's a story for another WHAT IF. | 但这是另一个故事。 |
该视频共有字幕 267 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格