实战练英文 | 堕胎 = 谋杀⁉️能否堕胎在于有无灵魂、意识
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | Our next question is from Kai Bevan at Trinity Hall. | 下一个问题来自三一大厅的凯·贝万 |
| 0:13 | So thank you for coming, Charlie. | 谢谢你能来 查理 |
| 0:15 | My question to you, I mean, I'm a medical student and I'm going to throw out the big A word. | 我问你,我是医科生,我要抛出一个大字 |
| 0:19 | I know you get asked about it a lot, but I want to hear from you. | 我知道你被问了很多, 但我想听到你的消息。 |
| 0:22 | Your opinion is on abortion. | 你的看法是堕胎 |
| 0:26 | Life begins at conception. | 生命从受孕开始 |
| 0:28 | But about abortion specifically. | 但是关于堕胎 |
| 0:30 | Why do you think abortion is wrong specifically? | 为什么你认为堕胎是错的? |
| 0:33 | Well, you agree murder is wrong. | 你同意谋杀是错的 |
| 0:35 | Okay, so this is where we get to the question, right? | 好吧,所以这就是 我们得到的问题,对不对? |
展开字幕全文（206 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Our next question is from Kai Bevan at Trinity Hall. | 下一个问题来自三一大厅的凯·贝万 |
| 2 | So thank you for coming, Charlie. | 谢谢你能来 查理 |
| 3 | My question to you, I mean, I'm a medical student and I'm going to throw out the big A word. | 我问你,我是医科生,我要抛出一个大字 |
| 4 | I know you get asked about it a lot, but I want to hear from you. | 我知道你被问了很多, 但我想听到你的消息。 |
| 5 | Your opinion is on abortion. | 你的看法是堕胎 |
| 6 | Life begins at conception. | 生命从受孕开始 |
| 7 | But about abortion specifically. | 但是关于堕胎 |
| 8 | Why do you think abortion is wrong specifically? | 为什么你认为堕胎是错的? |
| 9 | Well, you agree murder is wrong. | 你同意谋杀是错的 |
| 10 | Okay, so this is where we get to the question, right? | 好吧,所以这就是 我们得到的问题,对不对? |
| 11 | Because what is it about murder you say is wrong? | 因为你所说的谋杀是错的? |
| 12 | Why is murder wrong? | 为什么谋杀是错误的? |
| 13 | Well, because it's a human being, not just because it has consciousness or because it's of a certain age, because it's a human. | 因为它是一个人,不仅仅是因为它有意识,或者因为它有一定年龄,因为它是一个人. |
| 14 | And what is it that gives human being this moral worth? | 是什么给了人类这种道德价值? |
| 15 | Not its consciousness necessarily. | 不一定是意识 |
| 16 | I didn't say it's consciousness. | 我没说这是意识 |
| 17 | I know. | 我知道,我记得 |
| 18 | I can imagine. | 我能想象出来 |
| 19 | It's because it is a human being because that is a soul. | 因为它是人 因为那是灵魂 |
| 20 | And what is this soul? | 这是什么灵魂? |
| 21 | Where does this come from? | 这是从哪里来的? |
| 22 | This idea that it's... | 这个想法是... |
| 23 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 24 | I mean, again, the Greeks postulated that it is the entirety of your being. | 我的意思是,再次,希腊人假设 这是你的全部存在。 |
| 25 | Okay, you guys can laugh. | 好吧,你们可以笑。 |
| 26 | I mean, it's true. | 我的意思是,这是真的。 |
| 27 | I mean, every civilization has had a different belief. | 我的意思是,每个文明都有一个不同的信仰。 |
| 28 | But agreed upon ethical monotheism, which is the creed of the West and what the birth certificate of my country articulates, | 但同意道德一神论,这是西方的信仰,也是我国出生证所阐明的, |
| 29 | that every human being is more than just matter. | 每个人不仅仅是一个问题 |
| 30 | It's more than just a clump of cells. | 不只是一团细胞 |
| 31 | But it also has an invisible element to you that will live beyond you. | 但它也有一个无形的元素 对你来说,它将活在你之外。 |
| 32 | Fine. | 还好 |
| 33 | So, I mean, can you say that comes from the Bible or where else do you get that from? | 所以,我的意思是,你能说,这是从圣经 或者你从哪里得到的? |
| 34 | The Bible mentions God four times. | 圣经提到神四次. |
| 35 | The founders were explicitly believed, not in a secular morality, but a divinely given one, | 创始人被明确相信 不是世俗的道德 而是神授的道德 |
| 36 | of at least this idea that there is a God and you are not him. | 至少这个想法,有上帝 而你不是他。 |
| 37 | And let me ask you, what is the first stage of human development? | 让我问你,人类发展的第一阶段是什么? |
| 38 | So the first... | 所以第一个... |
| 39 | I mean, this is the thing, right? | 我的意思是,这是事情,对不对? |
| 40 | We can take it from the sperm being generated in the father and the oocyte being generated in the mother. | 我们可以从父亲体内产生的精子和母亲体内产生的卵细胞中取出. |
| 41 | They fuse at birth. | 他们一出生就融化了 |
| 42 | Conception, sorry. | 概念,对不起。 |
| 43 | The only thing that happens at conception is these two cells fuse. | 受孕时唯一发生的是这两个细胞的引信. |
| 44 | No, DNA is created. | 不,DNA是创建的。 |
| 45 | 一个Zygote。 | |
| 46 | No, that's not true. | 不,这不是真的。 |
| 47 | DNA编码在Zygote... | |
| 48 | Hold on, time out. | 等等,暂停 |
| 49 | Does a zygote have a unique marker? | zygote有一个独特的标记? |
| 50 | 查理, DNA... ... DNA... ... | |
| 51 | Does a zygote have a unique marker? | zygote有一个独特的标记? |
| 52 | You have to let me speak. | 你必须让我说。 |
| 53 | Answer it, yes or no. | 回答,是还是否? |
| 54 | Does a zygote have a unique marker? | zygote有一个独特的标记? |
| 55 | Define a unique marker. | 定义一个独特的标记 。 |
| 56 | Meaning, can you differentiate the DNA coding between the mother and the zygote | 意思是,你能区分 DNA编码的母亲和Zygote |
| 57 | if you examine it under a deoxyribonucleic acid analysis, can you? | 如果你在脱氧核糖核酸分析下检查,可以吗? |
| 58 | Only purely because the addition comes from the father. | 只是纯粹因为添加来自父亲. |
| 59 | Oh, so it is something different. | 哦,所以这是不同的东西。 |
| 60 | Charlie, DNA is not created. | 查理,DNA不是创造出来的 |
| 61 | DNA is not created. | DNA不是创建的。 |
| 62 | The father has his own genome, the mother has her own genome. | 父亲有自己的基因组,母亲有自己的基因组. |
| 63 | They fuse. | 它们会引爆的 |
| 64 | This is why you have the same characteristics. | 这就是为什么你有同样的特性。 |
| 65 | Similar ones to your mother, similar ones to your father. | 与你母亲相似 与你父亲相似 |
| 66 | That's why you have similar characteristics to your siblings. | 这就是为什么你和兄弟姐妹有相似的特征. |
| 67 | DNA is not created, right? | DNA不是创造出来的 对吧? |
| 68 | So when you ask me, where does a human being come from, I can say to you it starts at conception. | 所以,当你问我,一个人类从哪里来, 我可以说它从孕育开始。 |
| 69 | But all conception is these two cells joining, right? | 但是,所有的概念 是这两个细胞结合,对不对? |
| 70 | These two cells were created... | 这两个细胞是... |
| 71 | The mother cells were created long before... | 母细胞是很久以前创建的... |
| 72 | So there's none of this DNA being produced, right? | 所以没有这些DNA被产生,对不对? |
| 73 | So we can't... | 所以我们不能... |
| 74 | The only thing that happens at conception is these two cells fuse. | 受孕时唯一发生的是这两个细胞的引信. |
| 75 | Now this idea that that means that for some reason suddenly that moral worth comes in, | 现在这个想法意味着,出于某种原因, 道德价值突然出现, |
| 76 | but it wasn't there before when you had these two cells who had half the DNA, | 但之前你有两个细胞 拥有一半的DNA |
| 77 | but suddenly there's a... | 但突然间... |
| 78 | Correct, something magical happens at that point. | 没错 那时发生了奇迹 |
| 79 | It's not magical, Charlie. | 这不是魔法 查理 |
| 80 | We know about this. | 我们知道这一点。 |
| 81 | Hold on, hold on. | 坚持住,坚持住。 |
| 82 | (原始内容存档于2017-03-09). Charlie, Charlie. | |
| 83 | Time out. | 暂停 |
| 84 | I promise you, I'm not trying to score points. | 我向你保证,我不是想得分 |
| 85 | I'm not trying to score points on you. | 我不是想给你打分 |
| 86 | We call it the miracle of life for a reason. | 我们称之为生命的奇迹是有原因的。 |
| 87 | We've not been able to yet replicate human life development outside of the womb. | 我们还无法在子宫外复制人类生命的发展. |
| 88 | We call it the miracle of life because yes, it's something beautiful. | 我们称它为生命的奇迹 因为它是美丽的东西 |
| 89 | The ability to... | 能够... |
| 90 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 91 | It's magical. | 这是神奇的。 |
| 92 | It's not... You say magical, is it, oh, it's beautiful. | 这不是... 你说魔力,是,哦,这是美丽的。 |
| 93 | It's an incredible thing that happens, of course. | 当然,这是一件不可思议的事情。 |
| 94 | But it's not incredible in the sense we don't know what's going on. | 但从我们不知道发生什么的意义上来说,这并不不可思议. |
| 95 | There's no new DNA coming out of nowhere. | 没有新的DNA从哪里冒出来。 |
| 96 | Hold on, but time out. | 坚持住,但暂停。 |
| 97 | Isn't there a separate DNA though than the mother? | 难道没有比母亲独立的DNA吗? |
| 98 | Yes, from the father. | 是的,从父亲。 |
| 99 | Okay, yes, but it's not the father's DNA either. | 好吧,是的,但它不是父亲的DNA。 |
| 100 | A new coding is created. | 创建了新的编码 。 |
| 101 | You are a blend of the two. | 你是两者的混合体 |
| 102 | So when did your life begin? | 你的生活什么时候开始的? |
| 103 | When did your life begin? | 你什么时候开始的? |
| 104 | I mean, again, this comes from what you define as where life starts. | 我的意思是,再次,这是从 你定义的生命开始。 |
| 105 | You can say life starts at conception, but I'm telling you, | 你可以说生命从孕期开始 但我告诉你 |
| 106 | I believe that's just an arbitrary point, right? | 我认为这只是一个任意的观点,对不对? |
| 107 | That's just the moment these two cells fuse. | 就在那一刻 这两个细胞的引信。 |
| 108 | Now you say about this mother thing, so the way DNA is arranged in a cell | 现在,你说这个母亲的事情, 所以DNA的方式安排在细胞 |
| 109 | is it's arranged in chromosomes. | 是用染色体排列的 |
| 110 | Chromosomes are paired up, so you have one from the mother, | 染色体是成对的,所以你有一个来自母亲, |
| 111 | one from the father typically in a healthy individual, right? | 从父亲那里得到的 典型的健康个人,对不对? |
| 112 | Now you can take those maternal chromosomes out, | 现在你可以把这些母染色体拿出来了 |
| 113 | and you can find that this is who the person's mother is, | 你可以发现这个人的母亲是谁, |
| 114 | and you can do the same with the father. | 你可以和父亲一样 |
| 115 | Now the reason you are different to your mother and father | 现在你和父母不同了 |
| 116 | is because some of those chromosomes express genes | 因为有些染色体表达基因 |
| 117 | that are different from each other, and so those genes interact, | 这些基因相互作用, |
| 118 | and that's what gives rise to you, right? | 而这就是你产生的原因,对不对? |
| 119 | There's no space for any kind of moral framework to come into that | 任何道德框架都无从谈起 |
| 120 | until you consider that a human being is capable of consciousness and of suffering. | 直到你认为一个人有能力 意识和痛苦。 |
| 121 | But unless you, if you take that out of the equation, | 但除非你,如果你从方程式中取出, |
| 122 | the fact that these two DNA molecules are fusing, | 这两个DNA分子在发酵, |
| 123 | that does not suddenly flip a switch that attributes moral worth to that individual. | 它不会突然翻转一个开关 将道德价值归结于个人 |
| 124 | I'm just saying, I'm not trying to score points. | 我只是说,我不是想得分 |
| 125 | By what moral standard do you believe that? | 你相信什么道德标准? |
| 126 | I believe that if an individual is capable of suffering, then it's wrong. | 我相信,如果一个人有能力受苦,那就是错误的. |
| 127 | Now, can I explain my opinion on abortion, just so you can understand? | 现在,我能解释一下我对堕胎的看法吗? |
| 128 | I would agree, as many reasonable people would, | 我同意,像很多理性的人会, |
| 129 | that at nine months, it's unreasonable to expect someone to get an abortion, right? | 在9个月里 期望有人堕胎是不合理的 对吧? |
| 130 | Unless you have some extreme circumstances, | 除非你有些极端的情况 |
| 131 | but for an elective abortion seems a bit radical to me. | 但对于选择性堕胎 对我来说似乎有点激进。 |
| 132 | But it also seems radical to say that a woman who has just, | 但是说一个女人... |
| 133 | you know, those cells have just fused to deny her of an abortion | 你知道,那些细胞刚刚融化 拒绝她堕胎 |
| 134 | also seems wrong to me, because that zygote is not capable of suffering, as far as we know. | 在我看来也是错的,因为据我们所知,那个Zygote不可能受苦。 |
| 135 | So again, by what moral standard? | 再说一遍,什么道德标准? |
| 136 | Is that just your opinion? | 那是你的意见吗? |
| 137 | Where did you get that moral standard from? | 你从哪里得到的道德标准? |
| 138 | Because suffering is a bad thing. | 因为受苦是坏事 |
| 139 | We all know suffering is a bad thing. | 我们都知道痛苦是坏事 |
| 140 | That's an objective fact, right? | 这是一个客观的事实,对不对? |
| 141 | Okay, so you do believe in objective morality. | 好吧,所以你确实相信 客观的道德。 |
| 142 | I believe that suffering is an objectively negative feeling. | 我认为,痛苦是一种客观的负面感觉。 |
| 143 | So if you can't feel it, is it okay? | 所以如果你感觉不到,好吗? |
| 144 | What do you mean, if you can't feel the pain, is it okay to inflict the pain? | 你什么意思,如果你感觉不到痛苦, 造成痛苦是没关系的? |
| 145 | In the sense that if no one's suffering from it, | 意思是如果没人受苦 |
| 146 | if you have a scenario when nobody is suffering from something, then yes, of course. | 如果你有一个情景 当没有人在受苦, 那么,当然是的。 |
| 147 | Something is only a moral question if it affects someone's well-being. | 如果某件事影响到某人的福祉,它只是一个道德问题. |
| 148 | So let me just make sure I understand this correctly. | 让我确保我正确理解这一点。 |
| 149 | That if it doesn't affect their well-being, | 如果它不影响他们的福祉, |
| 150 | so dementia patients that don't know who they are or where they're from, | 痴呆症患者不知道自己是谁 也不知道他们来自哪里 |
| 151 | can we execute dementia patients because they're confused about their well-being? | 我们能否处决痴呆症患者 因为他们对自身福祉感到困惑? |
| 152 | Can you imagine a scenario... | 你能想象一个情景... |
| 153 | Or Alzheimer's patients. | 或阿兹海默症患者. |
| 154 | Alzheimer's patients don't really know much about anything. | 阿尔茨海默症患者对任何事都不太了解. |
| 155 | Can we schedule them for execution because they can't technically suffer? | 因为他们不能在技术上受苦 我们能否安排他们执行死刑? |
| 156 | No response. | 无回应。 |
| 157 | So can you imagine a scenario where we lived in a society where we killed people | 你能想象一个情景 我们生活在一个社会 我们杀了人 |
| 158 | when they underwent, they suffered from dementia, were incapable of suffering, | 当他们受难的时候,他们患有痴呆症,而且不能忍受。 |
| 159 | and we killed them, right? | 我们杀了他们,对吧? |
| 160 | That would not, that does not... | 不会,不会... |
| 161 | It's not a scenario that involves an absence of suffering. | 这不是一个没有痛苦的情景。 |
| 162 | There's still suffering involved. | 仍然有痛苦涉及。 |
| 163 | People's fa... | 大众的... |
| 164 | Imagine you grow up thinking, | 想象你长大后想, |
| 165 | my dad could be killed at any moment because he's going to get dementia. | 我爸爸随时可能被杀 因为他会发疯 |
| 166 | Imagine living your life thinking, | 想象一下,你的生活思考, |
| 167 | I could get dementia and suddenly I'd be killed by my state. | 我可能得了痴呆症 然后突然被国家杀死 |
| 168 | Imagine a world where you slaughter a million babies every year in America. | 想象一个你每年在美国屠杀一百万婴儿的世界。 |
| 169 | Charlie, Charlie, it's not slaughter. | 查理,查理,这不是屠杀。 |
| 170 | That's the problem. | 这就是问题所在。 |
| 171 | Hold on. | 坚持住。 |
| 172 | It's a forcible removal from the umbilical cord of another human life. | 强制除去另一个人的生命的脐带. |
| 173 | Again, we have clarity but not agreement. | 同样,我们有明确性,但没有达成一致。 |
| 174 | Biologically, you know that your entire coding began at conception. | 从生物学上讲,你知道你的编码是从受孕开始的。 |
| 175 | Your coding. | 你的编码。 |
| 176 | Your uniqueness. | 你的独有性 |
| 177 | That's what I'm denying. | 亦复如是否认. |
| 178 | I disagree with that. | 我不同意这一点。 |
| 179 | When those two cells fused together to use your terminology, | 当这两个细胞结合在一起 用你的术语, |
| 180 | that is where the process of human... | 这就是人类的过程... |
| 181 | The scientifically accepted terminology. | 科学上接受的术语。 |
| 182 | In the interest of time, can we bring this question to a close? | 为了时间考虑,我们能否结束这个问题? |
| 183 | The process of human development objectively begins at that moment. | 人类发展进程从那时开始。 |
| 184 | Therefore, those human beings are deserving of human rights. | 因此,这些人理应享有人权。 |
| 185 | Would you keep going or do you want to... | 你继续走还是你想... |
| 186 | No, thank you. | 不 谢谢 |
| 187 | Can I finish? | 我能说完吗? |
| 188 | Yeah, you can finish. | 是的,你可以结束。 |
| 189 | The process of development begins from the moment the sperm is being generated in the father, | 发育过程从精子在父亲身上产生开始 |
| 190 | the moment the eggs are being generated in the mother. | 当卵子在母亲体内产生时 |
| 191 | To say that suddenly the moral worth switches on when they fuse doesn't make any sense. | 说到道德价值 突然打开 当它们引信没有任何意义。 |
| 192 | That's just a point you've taken... | 你只是拿了一点... |
| 193 | It makes perfect sense because that is when your journey as a human being. | 这很合理,因为这就是你作为一个人的旅程。 |
| 194 | When the sperm and egg were separate, you were not yet a fused human being. | 当精子和卵子分开的时候,你还不是被熔化的人。 |
| 195 | You were not created uniquely... | 你并不是独创的... |
| 196 | DNA existed. | DNA已经存在。 |
| 197 | Your DNA existed. | 你的DNA已经存在了 |
| 198 | I thought... | 我以为... |
| 199 | Well, no, the parts of your DNA existed. | 不 你的DNA部分已经存在了 |
| 200 | Your DNA did not exist. | 你的DNA没有存在。 |
| 201 | It's like saying that we have a full car just because we have all the parts. | 这就像说,我们有一整辆车 只是因为我们有所有的零件。 |
| 202 | It was not yet put together until conception happens and the zygote was formed. | 直到孕期和zy形成后,它还没有被组合起来. |
| 203 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 204 | Can we move on to the next question, please? | 我们能继续下个问题吗? |
| 205 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 206 | Question tonight is from Rudy Ellis-Jones from Emanuel College. | 今晚的提问来自伊曼纽尔学院的鲁迪·埃利斯 -琼斯 |
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