经济学家解释为什么当今美国人越来越极端化 | 2025.4.
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | There is no topic where economics doesn't have some unique twist on the subject. | 经济学对这个主题没有任何独特的曲折。 |
| 0:15 | It probably won't surprise anyone, but Americans are becoming more and more polarized. | 这可能不会令任何人惊讶,但美国人正变得越来越两极分化. |
| 0:20 | The difference between Democrats and Republicans in 2003 versus 2023, the polarization has increased 30 percent. | 2003年民主党和共和党的差别相对于2023年,两极分化增加了30%. |
| 0:31 | Some early economic theories told us if you and I disagree and we both get lots and lots of information, | 一些早期的经济理论告诉我们,如果你和我不同意, 我们都得到很多很多信息, |
| 0:38 | and we see the same information, that soon enough our differences should decrease. | 而我们看到同样的信息, 我们的分歧很快就会减少。 |
| 0:45 | And so I always thought as a young economist that the key to battling polarization was more information. | 所以我作为一位年轻的经济学家,一直认为 对抗两极分化的关键是更多的信息。 |
| 0:52 | Until I started commuting with my wife. | 直到我开始和我妻子通勤 |
| 0:56 | We're driving down this main stretch of road and someone veers but doesn't quite touch the white dashed lines, | 我们正开着这条大路 和某人的车 但没碰到白线 |
| 1:03 | and she gives them a good solid honk. | 她给了他们一个很好的坚实的喇叭。 |
| 1:05 | And I said, sweetheart, what are you, that was completely unnecessary. | 我说,亲爱的,你是什么, 这是完全不必要的。 |
展开字幕全文（36 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | There is no topic where economics doesn't have some unique twist on the subject. | 经济学对这个主题没有任何独特的曲折。 |
| 2 | It probably won't surprise anyone, but Americans are becoming more and more polarized. | 这可能不会令任何人惊讶,但美国人正变得越来越两极分化. |
| 3 | The difference between Democrats and Republicans in 2003 versus 2023, the polarization has increased 30 percent. | 2003年民主党和共和党的差别相对于2023年,两极分化增加了30%. |
| 4 | Some early economic theories told us if you and I disagree and we both get lots and lots of information, | 一些早期的经济理论告诉我们,如果你和我不同意, 我们都得到很多很多信息, |
| 5 | and we see the same information, that soon enough our differences should decrease. | 而我们看到同样的信息, 我们的分歧很快就会减少。 |
| 6 | And so I always thought as a young economist that the key to battling polarization was more information. | 所以我作为一位年轻的经济学家,一直认为 对抗两极分化的关键是更多的信息。 |
| 7 | Until I started commuting with my wife. | 直到我开始和我妻子通勤 |
| 8 | We're driving down this main stretch of road and someone veers but doesn't quite touch the white dashed lines, | 我们正开着这条大路 和某人的车 但没碰到白线 |
| 9 | and she gives them a good solid honk. | 她给了他们一个很好的坚实的喇叭。 |
| 10 | And I said, sweetheart, what are you, that was completely unnecessary. | 我说,亲爱的,你是什么, 这是完全不必要的。 |
| 11 | And she responded, what are you talking about? | 她回答,你在说什么? |
| 12 | I've prevented more than 20 accidents because of my preemptive honking. | 我防止了20多起事故 因为我先发制人 |
| 13 | We saw the same observation and had two very different interpretations of what happened. | 我们看到同样的看法,对所发生的事情有两种截然不同的解释。 |
| 14 | What do you do when the information you observe is unclear? | 当你观察到的信息不明时 你会怎么做? |
| 15 | We actually ran some experiments. | 我们做了一些实验。 |
| 16 | We asked people questions about the deterrence effect of the death penalty. | 我们向人们询问了死刑的威慑作用。 |
| 17 | We asked them a bunch of questions about their own beliefs, | 我们问过他们一些关于自己信仰的问题, |
| 18 | and so we could categorize people into kind of pro or con when it comes to the effects of death penalty on current crime. | 这样我们可以把人们分为赞成或反对 死刑对当前犯罪的影响 |
| 19 | And then we gave everyone a series of abstracts from scientific papers to read. | 然后,我们给大家 一系列科学论文摘要 来阅读。 |
| 20 | Some of them were purposely ambiguous. | 其中有些是故意含糊不清的。 |
| 21 | And as our theory would predict, they came in this far apart, | 正如我们的理论所预言的, 他们来到了如此遥远的地方, |
| 22 | they were given the same exact information, | 他们得到了同样的确切信息, |
| 23 | and they left the experiment further apart than when they came in. | 他们把实验分开了 比他们进来的时候还要远 |
| 24 | When we gave people ambiguous information, I don't think they realized it was ambiguous. | 当我们向人们提供模棱两可的信息时,我不认为他们意识到这是模棱两可的. |
| 25 | They just coded it as fitting their own view. | 他们只是把它编成适合自己观点的 |
| 26 | The pro people all interpreted the ambiguous evidence as pro. | 亲民都把模棱两可的证据解释为亲民. |
| 27 | The con people interpreted the ambiguous evidence as con. | 骗子将模棱两可的证据解释为骗子。 |
| 28 | And with access to more and more biased sources of information, | 随着越来越多的信息来源的获取, |
| 29 | I can only expect that our polarization will grow, not shrink. | 我只能期望我们的两极分化会扩大,而不是缩小. |
| 30 | I want people to understand we're actually not as far apart as you might imagine. | 我希望大家明白 我们实际上没有你想象的那么远 |
| 31 | People with very, very similar views can be pushed away from each other. | 有非常非常相似观点的人可以被推开. |
| 32 | Yes, you're constantly bombarded with information online and otherwise, | 是的,你经常被 网上信息轰炸,否则, |
| 33 | and it's really hard to take a step back and say, how much of that information was unclear? | 很难退一步说 有多少信息不清楚? |
| 34 | But I do believe celebrating our common humanity | 但我相信庆祝我们共同的人性 |
| 35 | and sit with people and understand their views, | 你应当与众人同坐,你应当了解他们的意见, |
| 36 | you might figure out that they're not as far from you as you might imagine. | 你可能会发现他们离你没有你想的那么远 |
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