How I Studied to a Perfect Aca
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | These are the principles I followed to get a perfect academic record. | 这些都是我遵循的原则 为了获得完美的学术记录。 |
| 0:02 | If you're new to my channel, my name's Francis. | 如果你是新来我的频道的 我叫弗朗西斯 |
| 0:04 | I'm a doctorate student in clinical psychology at Oxford University. | 我是牛津大学临床心理学博士生. |
| 0:08 | Over the course of my life, I've ended up with low self-esteem, | 在我一生中,我一直 以低自卑的自尊, |
| 0:13 | but also a good academic record. | 也有良好的学术记录。 |
| 0:14 | At GCSE, I got 12 A stars. | 在GCSE,我得到了12 A星。 |
| 0:16 | At A level, I got four A stars. | 在A级,我有四颗A星. |
| 0:18 | In undergrad at Cambridge, I got a first. | 在剑桥大学的本科生,我得到了第一个。 |
| 0:20 | I got a first in every year. | 我每年都有第一个 |
| 0:21 | And in my masters at UCL, which I've just finished, | 在我的UCL的大师, 我刚刚完成, |
展开字幕全文（340 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | These are the principles I followed to get a perfect academic record. | 这些都是我遵循的原则 为了获得完美的学术记录。 |
| 2 | If you're new to my channel, my name's Francis. | 如果你是新来我的频道的 我叫弗朗西斯 |
| 3 | I'm a doctorate student in clinical psychology at Oxford University. | 我是牛津大学临床心理学博士生. |
| 4 | Over the course of my life, I've ended up with low self-esteem, | 在我一生中,我一直 以低自卑的自尊, |
| 5 | but also a good academic record. | 也有良好的学术记录。 |
| 6 | At GCSE, I got 12 A stars. | 在GCSE,我得到了12 A星。 |
| 7 | At A level, I got four A stars. | 在A级,我有四颗A星. |
| 8 | In undergrad at Cambridge, I got a first. | 在剑桥大学的本科生,我得到了第一个。 |
| 9 | I got a first in every year. | 我每年都有第一个 |
| 10 | And in my masters at UCL, which I've just finished, | 在我的UCL的大师, 我刚刚完成, |
| 11 | I've been on track for a distinction pending the results of my dissertation, | 在论文结果出来之前 我一直很出色 |
| 12 | which I've actually just got back now. | 其实我刚刚回来 |
| 13 | So let's open them. | 所以让我们打开它们。 |
| 14 | Oh, this is awful. | 哦,这是可怕的。 |
| 15 | This is awful. | 这是可怕的。 |
| 16 | Why am I doing this? | 我为什么要这么做? |
| 17 | Why am I recording this? | 我为什么要录这个? |
| 18 | OK. | 摆 |
| 19 | In a masters, 50 is a pass, 60 is a merit and 70 is a distinction. | 在大师中,50是传,60是功绩,70是区别. |
| 20 | So anything above 70 is ideal. | 因此,任何超过70的都是理想的. |
| 21 | Just going to open it. | 只是要打开它。 |
| 22 | OK. OK. | 摆 摆 |
| 23 | We'll take those. | 我们来拿 |
| 24 | Oh, we take those. | 哦,我们拿那些。 |
| 25 | I can still make this video. | 我还能拍这个视频 |
| 26 | OK, let's begin. | 好了,开始吧 |
| 27 | The first half of this video is about concentration and motivation, | 这段视频的前半部分是关于集中和动机, |
| 28 | because that is most of the battle. | 因为这是战斗的大部分。 |
| 29 | And the second half is about the practicalities of studying once you get down to it. | 下半段是关于学习的实用性, 一旦你开始学习。 |
| 30 | The first principle of my motivation is the panic calendar. | 我动机的第一条原则是恐慌日历. |
| 31 | I found that when it comes to work, I'm at my best when motivated by fear. | 我发现,在工作上,我是最好的, 当出于恐惧的动机。 |
| 32 | There's nothing like a deadline the following day to generate that | 第二天没有比这更晚的了 |
| 33 | to motivate you to work. | 激励你工作 |
| 34 | Given this, I've thought if I can create that sense of threat and fear earlier, | 有了这个,我想 如果我能创造这种威胁感和恐惧感, |
| 35 | I could switch into a productive mode with more time to spare | 我可以用更多的时间 转换成生产模式 |
| 36 | between me and a deadline or exam. | 我和最后期限或考试之间 |
| 37 | That is where the panic calendar comes in. | 恐慌日历就是从那里来的。 |
| 38 | 作者Tim Urban在博客上说: | |
| 39 | wrote an article called Your Life in Weeks. | 写了一篇名为"你周日的生活"的文章. |
| 40 | This set of boxes shows the amount of weeks you get in a 90 year life. | 这组盒子显示了90年生命中你得到的周数. |
| 41 | It's like, is that it, bro? | 就像,是吗,兄弟? |
| 42 | OK, I'm going to die soon. | 好,我马上要死了 |
| 43 | Existential crisis aside, I came away thinking there's no time to lose. | 除了现在的危机,我还以为没有时间可以浪费 |
| 44 | And the panic calendar is like a condensed version of this. | 而惊慌的日历就像这个缩合的版本. |
| 45 | I open a Word document and draw boxes between today's date | 我打开一个Word文档,在今天的日期之间画框 |
| 46 | and the date of my exams. | 还有我考试的日期 |
| 47 | The exams go in a darker colour, just so I know when they are. | 考试的颜色比较暗, 让我知道什么时候是。 |
| 48 | I print this off, put it on my wall. | 我把这个印下来,放在墙上 |
| 49 | I don't write anything that I need to do on this calendar. | 我不写任何我需要做的事 在这个日历上。 |
| 50 | It's entirely there to cross out a box every day and stoke that fear within me. | 它完全在那里 每天跨出一个盒子 和吸我内心的恐惧。 |
| 51 | And with that fear, the idea is that the practicalities work out themselves. | 有了这种恐惧,这个想法就是,实用性能够发挥出来。 |
| 52 | More on that later. | 晚点再说 |
| 53 | Overall, my philosophy has become one where I try and bend with the wind. | 总的来说,我的哲学已经变成了一个 我试图与风弯曲。 |
| 54 | I accepting my sources of motivation being probably a bit unhealthy. | 我接受我的动机来源 可能有点不健康。 |
| 55 | It'd be healthier if I was motivated by reward rather than fear of punishment | 如果我是为了奖励而不是害怕惩罚,那会更健康 |
| 56 | or ridicule or embarrassment. | 或嘲笑或尴尬。 |
| 57 | But this is just who I am. | 但这就是我是谁。 |
| 58 | So that is one way I work with it. | 因此,这就是我的工作方式之一。 |
| 59 | The second is brown and pink noise. | 第二个是棕色和粉红色的噪音。 |
| 60 | I find that studying in silence, it's quite hard to get into the zone of working. | 我发现在沉默中学习, 很难进入工作区。 |
| 61 | I've tried to apply at least some of what I've learned | 我试着应用我学到的一些东西 |
| 62 | studying psychology for the past five years, which is conditioning. | 研究心理学 过去五年,这是有条件的。 |
| 63 | Just the idea that you can associate a particular sound, | 只是一个想法,你可以 联系一个特定的声音, |
| 64 | sight, smell with a certain activity. | 以某种活动闻起来 |
| 65 | Then being given that sensory input will kind of wire your brain | 然后被赋予感官输入 会有点电线你的大脑 |
| 66 | into the mode for the activity you've linked it with. | 输入您所链接的活动模式 。 |
| 67 | Does that make sense? | 这有道理吗? |
| 68 | I feel like it doesn't, but we're going to move on because it's 2am. | 我觉得它没有, 但我们要继续前进 因为它是2: 00。 |
| 69 | Basically for studying, I think conditioning should be about finding a particular location. | 基本上对于研究来说,我认为条件应该是找到一个特定的地点。 |
| 70 | If that's a library, sound or sight that you just associate with studying. | 如果那是图书馆,声音或视觉 你只是联系学习。 |
| 71 | And whenever you are there or listening to it, your brain kind of knows | 当你在那里或听它, 你的大脑那种知道 |
| 72 | that it's time to sit down and work. | 是时候坐下来工作了 |
| 73 | I'm aware not everyone has access to a library, but I would hope | 我知道不是每个人都可以访问图书馆 但我希望 |
| 74 | if you're watching this video, you have access to the Internet. | 如果你在看这段视频 你可以上网 |
| 75 | I found that if I listen to music with lyrics, then I just concentrate on the lyrics | 我发现,如果我听 音乐与歌词, 然后我只是专注于歌词 |
| 76 | instead of the studying. | 而不是学习。 |
| 77 | And I've also tried instrumental music, lo-fi beats being a particular go-to of mine. | 我也尝试过器乐,Lo-fi节拍 是一个特别的我。 |
| 78 | But I think I've actually worked at my best when I used this site | 但我想我用这个网站时 已经尽力了 |
| 79 | back in the day called Noisely. | 以前叫"噪音"的 |
| 80 | It's basically a collection of a range of different nature sounds. | 基本是一系列不同性质的声音的集合. |
| 81 | You can kind of layer these on top of each other, like rain, wind, fire, | 你可以在彼此的顶上分层, 如雨,风,火, |
| 82 | and then a kind of coffee shop ambience. | 然后一种咖啡店的氛围。 |
| 83 | It's really relaxing. | 这真的很放松。 |
| 84 | This worked pretty well for me. | 这对我很好 |
| 85 | But what worked the best was actually to use these sounds down here, | 但最好的办法就是用这些声音 |
| 86 | which are white noise, pink noise and brown noise. | 白噪声 粉红噪声 棕褐噪声 |
| 87 | The colors basically just denote different frequencies of sound. | 颜色基本上表示不同频率的声音。 |
| 88 | This is white noise. | 这是白色的噪音。 |
| 89 | This is pink noise. | 这是粉红色的噪音。 |
| 90 | And this is brown noise. | 这是棕色的噪音。 |
| 91 | Beautiful tunes. | 美丽的曲调。 |
| 92 | My favorite, which is brown noise, is the integral of white noise. | 我最喜欢的棕色噪音是白色噪音的组成部分。 |
| 93 | I don't know why that matters, but basically, I just think it sounds really nice. | 我不知道为什么这很重要, 但基本上,我只是觉得这听起来真的很好。 |
| 94 | I put headphones on and I'm just immersed in this kind of like static. | 我戴着耳机,我就像静态一样沉浸其中 |
| 95 | It really drowns out surrounding noise. | 它真的淹没了周围的噪音。 |
| 96 | But also, I can't really describe it. | 但同样,我无法真正描述它。 |
| 97 | It makes my brain feel quieter. | 这让我的大脑更安静。 |
| 98 | You're never going to encounter that sound in other areas of your life. | 你永远不会在生活中的其他方面遇到这种声音. |
| 99 | So it can be entirely associated with your studying mode. | 所以它可以完全与你的学习模式联系起来. |
| 100 | Even now, I hear it and part of my brain is like, oh, it's time to study now. | 即使现在,我听到它 和我的大脑的一部分 是喜欢,哦,它的时间 现在学习。 |
| 101 | So find a sound that works for you, whatever it may be, and stick with it | 所以,找到一个声音 为你工作,无论它是什么, 并坚持它 |
| 102 | so you can create a link in your brain. | 这样你就可以在你的大脑里创建链接。 |
| 103 | Motivation tip number three, dealing with distraction. | 动机点三,处理分心. |
| 104 | Distraction is inevitable. | 分心是不可避免的。 |
| 105 | We get tempted to go on Netflix or to pick up our phone and go on social media. | 我们被诱惑上Netflix 或者拿起我们的手机,去社交媒体。 |
| 106 | Most of us will always have this urge. | 我们大多数人都会有这种冲动。 |
| 107 | Even just a little bit. | 乃至略说. |
| 108 | So my advice, once again, is to work with this. | 所以,我的建议, 再次,是合作。 |
| 109 | I accept who you are. | 我接受你是谁。 |
| 110 | Stop striving to be someone who does not get distracted at all. | 别再想成为 完全不会分心的人了 |
| 111 | Firstly, when it comes to your phone, I find that if I leave my phone on my desk | 首先,关于你的电话,我发现 如果我把手机放在我桌上 |
| 112 | or even in a drawer in my desk, then whenever I get the urge to go on my phone, | 或者在我的书桌上的抽屉里, 然后每当我得到的冲动去我的电话, |
| 113 | because it's in arm's reach, I'm just like, go on then. | 因为它是伸手的,我只是喜欢,继续。 |
| 114 | Whereas if I put my phone on the other side of the house or in the shed, | 如果我把手机放在房子的另一边或小屋里 |
| 115 | then I get the urge to go on my phone. | 然后,我得到的冲动去 我的手机。 |
| 116 | But it's far enough away that I can't be bothered to follow the urge | 但是这已经够远了,我无法忍受跟随冲动 |
| 117 | and go and get it. | 并去获得它。 |
| 118 | An even better alternative, if you live with other people, | 一个更好的选择 如果你和别人住在一起 |
| 119 | is to give your phone to one of them and ask them to hide it for you. | 把你的手机交给他们 让他们帮你藏起来 |
| 120 | And that way the barrier between you and your phone is going to find them | 这样你和手机之间的屏障就会找到它们 |
| 121 | and persuading them that actually you do need your phone and you're totally | 说服他们你确实需要你的手机 而你完全 |
| 122 | not just asking for it because you want to distract yourself from the work | 不只是因为你想分散对工作的注意力 |
| 123 | you actually need to do. | 你确实需要这样做。 |
| 124 | But what about your computer? | 你的电脑呢? |
| 125 | Because revising on the computer, you could just open a new tab on Chrome | 因为计算机上的修订,你可以打开 Chrome 的新标签 |
| 126 | and type in any distracting website you want. | 并输入任何您想要的分散注意力的网站。 |
| 127 | And that is where the program called Turkey Blocker comes in. | 这就是叫做土耳其布洛克的程序。 |
| 128 | It's got a free version with all the features you need. | 它有一个免费版本,包含所有你需要的特性. |
| 129 | The premise is that it can block distracting websites for you. | 前提是它能屏蔽你分散注意力的网站 |
| 130 | But unlike most website blockers, for example, if you get a Chrome extension, | 但与大多数网站封锁器不同,例如,如果你得到Chrome扩展, |
| 131 | these normal blocking extensions are equivalent to just leaving | 这些普通的屏蔽扩展相当于刚刚离开 |
| 132 | your phone in your drawer. | 你的手机在你的抽屉里。 |
| 133 | Because if you want to get around these blocks, you can just open another browser | 因为如果你想绕过这些块,你可以打开另一个浏览器 |
| 134 | or uninstall the extension. | 或解开扩展。 |
| 135 | I was told about Cold Turkey Blocker while I was at Cambridge | 我在剑桥的时候 听说了冷火鸡 |
| 136 | and four years later, I still use it. | 四年后,我仍然使用它。 |
| 137 | You download the program. | 你下载程序。 |
| 138 | It gets you to install the extension on all your browsers. | 它可以让你在所有浏览器上安装扩展. |
| 139 | You block a website in Cold Turkey for a certain amount of time. | 你在寒冷的土耳其封锁了网站一段时间 |
| 140 | What happens? | 发生了什么事? |
| 141 | You can't access it in any browser because it's got you to install | 你不能在浏览器中访问它,因为它让你安装 |
| 142 | it in every single one. | 每一次都这样 |
| 143 | If you exit Cold Turkey in Task Manager, it still works somehow. | 如果你离开Cold Turkey 在任务管理器里,它仍然有些作用。 |
| 144 | And then if you uninstall Cold Turkey while you've got an active block, | 然后,如果你解开冷火鸡 当你有一个活动块, |
| 145 | it just won't let you. | 它只是不会让你。 |
| 146 | Basically, Cold Turkey Blocker is equivalent to putting your phone | 基本上,冷火鸡块 相当于把你的手机 |
| 147 | in a waterproof bag and checking it in your nearest lake slash | 装在防水袋里 在你最近的湖边检查 |
| 148 | river slash geographical water feature. | 河岸地理水特征. |
| 149 | So with these three components, you can tame your monkey mind | 所以用这三种成分,你可以驯服你的猴脑 |
| 150 | to get into work mode. | 进入工作模式。 |
| 151 | But what you actually do once you are in work mode. | 但一旦你进入工作模式,你就会做什么。 |
| 152 | Now on to the second half of the video, which is about | 现在播放下半段的视频,这是关于 |
| 153 | the practicalities of studying. | 学习的实用性。 |
| 154 | My first tip is to turn studying into a video game. | 我的第一个提示是把学习变成电子游戏. |
| 155 | The way I studied at first was to write out my notes, write them out again, | 我最初的学习方式是写出我的笔记,再写出来, |
| 156 | a bit more condensed, write them out again, more condensed and so on. | 更凝结,再写出来,更凝结等. |
| 157 | Until I had a very condensed sheet of notes. | 直到我有一个非常凝结的纸条。 |
| 158 | Then I'd highlight whatever I thought was important. | 然后我会强调我认为很重要的事 |
| 159 | This kind of worked. | 这种工作。 |
| 160 | I remembered a decent amount of content for some exams. | 我还记得一些考试有相当多内容 |
| 161 | I was just sat there thinking I have completely forgotten my notes. | 我只是坐在那里 认为我已经完全忘了我的笔记。 |
| 162 | The idea behind turning studying into a video game is that we don't want | 将学习变成电子游戏的理念是 我们不想 |
| 163 | to leave this memorization up to chance. | 把记忆留给机会 |
| 164 | You can create essentially a video game, a systematic way | 您可以在本质上创建电子游戏, 系统化的方式 |
| 165 | of memorizing everything. | 以记忆一切。 |
| 166 | The scientific evidence about memorization shows that rather than | 关于记忆的科学证据表明, |
| 167 | copying out notes and highlighting, you are much better off doing active recall. | 复制笔记和强调,你最好积极召回。 |
| 168 | Every time you sit down to study, you need to test whether you can recall | 每次你坐下来学习,你需要测试你是否记得 |
| 169 | the information because this is the muscle that you exercise in an exam after all. | 信息,因为这是你锻炼的肌肉 在考试中毕竟。 |
| 170 | But you don't want to just do this recall at random. | 但你不想随便回忆一下 |
| 171 | The way memory works is that it declines exponentially. | 记忆的作用是指数下降。 |
| 172 | So for a given fact that you've just learned, it might fall out of your memory | 所以对于你刚刚学到的事实, 它可能会从你的记忆中掉下来 |
| 173 | after a couple of hours or even a few minutes. | 过了几个小时甚至几分钟 |
| 174 | If you do a successful recall before this happens, the memory might stick | 如果你在这件事发生之前成功召回的话 记忆就可能粘住了 |
| 175 | in your brain for a bit longer, say a day. | 在你的大脑里呆久一点,说一天。 |
| 176 | If you do it again a day later, then it will stick in your brain for a week. | 如果你再做一次,一天后, 它会粘在你的大脑一个星期。 |
| 177 | Over time, you can embed a fact into your long term memory by leaving | 随着时间的推移,你可以把一个事实 嵌入你的长期记忆 通过离开 |
| 178 | increasingly large gaps between your recalls. | 你们的回忆之间差距越来越大。 |
| 179 | And that is how this graph, the forgetting curve works. | 这就是这个图,遗忘的曲线是如何工作的。 |
| 180 | Starting from A levels where I first learned about this program, | 从我第一次得知这个节目的A级开始 |
| 181 | I began to use Anki. | 我开始使用安琪 |
| 182 | Anki is a free flashcard program that lets you create flashcards | 安琪是一个免费的闪卡程序,可以让你创建闪卡 |
| 183 | and then go through them in the way that's optimal for your memory. | 然后用最适合你记忆的方式通过它们 |
| 184 | So using this forgetting curve. | 所以用这个遗忘的曲线。 |
| 185 | For any new flashcard, you'll try and remember what's on the other side. | 对于任何新的闪卡,你会尝试并记住对方的东西. |
| 186 | You'll do that again after about 10 minutes. | 十分钟后你再做一次 |
| 187 | Then your next review will be in a day, then three days, then a week, | 然后,你的下一次审查 将在一天,然后三天,然后一个星期, |
| 188 | then two weeks and so on until the flashcard is so embedded in your long term | 然后两个星期等等 直到闪存卡被长期嵌入为止 |
| 189 | memory that your next review will say it's in like one and a half years time. | 记住,你的下一次评论会说 它在一年半的时间。 |
| 190 | And you'll be recalling the card like you can recall your own name. | 你会像记得自己的名字一样回忆那张卡片 |
| 191 | The best thing about Anki is that because of its scheduling algorithm, | 安琪的最好之处是 由于其排程算法 |
| 192 | no matter how many cards you make, it'll be just as easy to remember them. | 无论你赚了多少牌 都很容易记住 |
| 193 | Whether that's 500, a thousand or multiple thousand cards, | 不管是500张,一千张还是千张 |
| 194 | you can actually learn them as well as if you just learned 10. | 你也可以学它们,就像你刚刚学了10个一样 |
| 195 | And when you see that it does work, | 当你看到它的工作, |
| 196 | when it comes to your next little test or exam, you'll just feel so much confidence | 接下来的考试或考试 你就会觉得很自信 |
| 197 | making new cards, knowing that you can't remember this right now. | 制作新牌,知道你现在不记得了 |
| 198 | But by making the card, you're essentially | 但通过制作卡片,你基本上 |
| 199 | committing it to your long term memory eventually, which is what makes it feel | 最终将它献给你的长期记忆,这就是它的感觉 |
| 200 | like a video game for me, just seeing the number of flashcards you have to do | 就像我玩的电子游戏一样, 只是看到一些你必须做的闪卡 |
| 201 | every day go down in the run up to exams. | 每天都在考试前 |
| 202 | I do my Anki cards every day, religiously for hours a day. | 我每天做我的安琪卡, 宗教上每天几个小时。 |
| 203 | And then when you're doing the exam, | 然后,当你做考试, |
| 204 | instead of trying to remember the notes you condensed and highlighted, | 而不是试图记住 你凝聚和突出的音符, |
| 205 | you're actually just doing more of the same thing, like recalling flashcards | 其实你只是做 更多的相同的事情, 像回忆闪卡 |
| 206 | that are prompted by the questions you're asked in the exam. | 是因为考试中你问的问题 |
| 207 | I do this to remember short answers, | 我这样做是为了记住简短的答案, |
| 208 | but also long answers where I'd memorized essays by breaking them down into flashcards. | 也有很长的答案,我记得那些散文 把它们拆成闪卡 |
| 209 | I genuinely think this made some of my exams enjoyable because it just turned it | 我真心觉得这让我的考试很愉快 因为它刚刚改变了 |
| 210 | into a flashcard recalling game rather than using actual intellect and thinking | 使用闪卡提醒游戏,而不是使用实际智能和思维 |
| 211 | on your feet. | 站起来 |
| 212 | The second principle is that the work has already been done before. | 第二项原则是,这项工作以前就已经完成。 |
| 213 | This advice applies to coursework assignments and forms of work where you | 此项建议适用于课程任务和工作形式。 |
| 214 | need to show evidence of original thinking to get good marks. | 需要显示原始思维的证据 以获得良好的标记。 |
| 215 | What I've learned is for most academic qualifications, | 我学到的就是大多数学历 |
| 216 | maybe excluding PhD level, you don't really need to come up with something | 可能不包括博士级,你不需要想出什么 |
| 217 | original and groundbreaking to change the game, change the field you are working in, | 原创和开创性 改变游戏,改变你的工作领域, |
| 218 | because so many people have been in your position doing A levels or undergrad or | 因为有这么多人在你的位置上 做A级或低年级 |
| 219 | even master's degrees. | 甚至是硕士学位 |
| 220 | They've seen everything before. | 他们以前见过一切 |
| 221 | And it's very rare that you come up with something brand, brand new. | 并且非常罕见的是你想出了新的品牌。 |
| 222 | I realized in Cambridge undergrad, | 我在剑桥大学深造时发现 |
| 223 | they just recycled the same essay questions year after year, | 他们年复一年地重复同样的论文问题, |
| 224 | probably even longer than academic specifications for GCSEs and A levels stay | 可能比普通教育证书和A级的学术规格更长 |
| 225 | the same. | 一样 |
| 226 | So you can get advice from people who have done the same course as you | 这样你就可以从做同样课程的人那里得到建议 |
| 227 | and literally answered the same questions even 10 years ago. | 就连十年前 也回答过同样的问题 |
| 228 | More on that shortly in terms of standing out and trying to distinguish yourself | 更多关于这一点,从站出来 并试图区分自己 |
| 229 | to get better marks at uni. | 在uni得到更好的标记。 |
| 230 | One way is by critiquing studies. | 一种方法就是通过挖苦学习. |
| 231 | If you're like me, you won't be able to understand most of the academic papers | 如果你像我一样, 你将无法理解大部分学术论文 |
| 232 | you read. | 你读。 |
| 233 | And it's like, if I can't understand it, | 这就像,如果我不明白它, |
| 234 | how on earth am I going to criticize it? | 我该怎么批评呢? |
| 235 | There are two cheaty ways I've found to critique studies. | 有两种欺骗的方法 我发现批评研究。 |
| 236 | The first is that every study has a limitation section where the author or | 第一,每项研究都有一个限制部分,作者或 |
| 237 | authors highlight the shortcomings of their study. | 作者强调其研究的缺点。 |
| 238 | And I would just lift those and put them in my essays as critiques of that study. | 我将举起这些东西,把它们放在我的论文中,作为对该研究的批评。 |
| 239 | You can also draw inspiration from the future direction section of these papers | 您也可以从这些文件的未来方向部分获得灵感 |
| 240 | where the authors speculate where the research might benefit from going in the | 作者们推测研究可能从 |
| 241 | future. | 未来 |
| 242 | By including future directions in your essays, you can show that you're | 通过在你的论文中加入未来的方向, 你可以显示你 |
| 243 | aware of the holes in the studies that exist already and where the field might be | 了解研究中已经存在的漏洞和领域可能在哪里 |
| 244 | advancing in the future. | 未来前进。 |
| 245 | The second way of critiquing studies is to use Google Scholar and find other | 研究的第二种方式是使用Google Scholar并找到其他 |
| 246 | papers that have cited the paper you're reading. | 引用你读的论文的论文 |
| 247 | And there's a chance that some of them will have written critiques of your paper. | 有可能有些人会写下对你论文的评论 |
| 248 | And so you can even cite them in your essay, which shows that your critiques are | 这样你甚至可以在你的论文中引用它们 这表明你的批评是 |
| 249 | actually backed by these people, even though that's where you got them from. | 实际上是由这些人支撑的, 即使这就是你从那里得到的。 |
| 250 | And that brings me on to the second way of showing originality, which is by doing | 这让我想到了第二种展示独创性的方式, 就是通过做 |
| 251 | wider reading and going beyond your reading list. | 更宽的阅读范围 并超越您的阅读列表。 |
| 252 | If you follow this trail of finding papers that cite papers in your reading list, | 如果你跟随这个线索 找到在阅读列表中引用论文的论文 |
| 253 | you can pretty quickly create an impression that you've done very wide and | 你可以很快地给人一种印象 你做了非常宽的, |
| 254 | extensive reading of the literature. | 广泛阅读文献。 |
| 255 | On Google Scholar, you can also refine your search by data publications. | 在Google Scholar上,您也可以通过数据出版物来完善您的搜索. |
| 256 | So if you limit your search to the last five years, then you'll only see papers | 所以,如果你把搜索限制在过去五年, 那你只会看到文件 |
| 257 | that are the most modern that will have probably reviewed much of the literature | 最现代的 可能已经审查了很多文献 |
| 258 | already. | 已经。 |
| 259 | And so you can claim that you have an understanding of the literature in | 所以,你可以声称 你对文学的理解 |
| 260 | its latest form, therefore basically completing science. | 其最新形式,因此基本完成科学. |
| 261 | These principles took me fairly far. | 这些原则让我走得很远。 |
| 262 | But what really helped me was to get advice from people one step ahead of me. | 但真正帮助我的是 从人们那里得到建议 比我提前一步。 |
| 263 | These would be people one or two years above me or even people in my year who have | 这些人比我高一两年 甚至比我高一两年 |
| 264 | done a given assignment. | 做了一个指定的任务。 |
| 265 | I found that these are actually the best kinds of people to get advice from in | 我发现他们其实是 最好的人 从里面得到建议 |
| 266 | general, because if you ask, say, a lecturer or just someone much older than you, | 将军,因为如果你问,比如说,一个讲师或只是一个比你大得多的人, |
| 267 | who's got loads of experience, they can know all there is to know about your | 他们知道所有关于你的事 |
| 268 | subject, but they almost know too much because over time, a lot of their skills | 他们几乎知道太多 因为随着时间的推移 他们的很多技能 |
| 269 | have become unconscious competence, like knowing how to ride a bike. | 已经变得无意识的能力, 就像知道如何骑自行车。 |
| 270 | People who are one step ahead of you may have less expertise than older people | 比你先走一步的人 可能比老人更缺乏专业知识 |
| 271 | with loads of experience, but they still remember what it was like to be you and | 有很多经验,但他们仍然记得 你是什么感觉 |
| 272 | are still in touch with that. | 仍然与它保持联系。 |
| 273 | I've actually found their advice to be more effective. | 我发现他们的建议更有效 |
| 274 | Of course, I'm here to give my generic advice. | 当然,我在这里 给出我的通用建议。 |
| 275 | But if you combine this with people who have much more specific advice for you | 但如果你把这件事 和有更具体的建议的人结合起来 |
| 276 | one or two years above you, for example, then I really think you're on to a | 比起你高一两年,那么我真的认为你正在寻找 |
| 277 | winning combo. | 赢了组合。 |
| 278 | If you want a further helping hand with specifically learning STEM subjects, | 如果你想进一步帮助 专门学习STEM课程, |
| 279 | then you should check out Brilliant, the sponsor of today's video. | 那你应该看看今天的视频赞助商 |
| 280 | Brilliant is a website offering a number of online courses in maths, science and | 聪明的是一个网站,提供数学、科学和 |
| 281 | computer science. | 计算机科学. |
| 282 | From trying it myself, I love how Brilliant constantly keeps me | 从我自己尝试,我爱 多么聪明的不断让我 |
| 283 | focused through hands-on activities like literally testing code within a lesson, | 专注于实践活动 比如在课程中测试代码 |
| 284 | which also helps me to remember what I've learned. | 这也帮助我记住我学到了什么。 |
| 285 | There are so many courses to choose from that can help anyone brush up on the | 有很多课程可以选择 它可以帮助任何人刷刷 |
| 286 | STEM知识. | |
| 287 | Perhaps you're looking for a foundational understanding of algorithms or calculus, | 也许你是在寻找对算法或微积分的基本理解, |
| 288 | or you might want to dip your toes into more advanced content like the introduction | 或者你可能想把脚趾 浸入更高级的内容 像导言 |
| 289 | to neural networks. | 到神经网络。 |
| 290 | Across the site, they have thousands of lessons with new exclusive content | 在整个网站,他们有上千个课程 新的独家内容 |
| 291 | added every month. | 每个月增加。 |
| 292 | Learning just a little every day can have a massive impact. | 每天只学习一点就能产生巨大的影响。 |
| 293 | 要免费开始,请访问 brilly.org slash Francis Madden 或者点击链接 | |
| 294 | in the description where you will also get 20% off an annual premium membership. | 在描述中,您还将获得20%的年度保费会员资格。 |
| 295 | Final principle I followed is the magic pill. | 我遵循的最后原则是魔药 |
| 296 | I wish there was a magic pill for studying and there isn't one, but maybe the | 我希望有一个神奇的药丸 学习 没有,但也许 |
| 297 | closest thing I found to a magic pill for studying is this. | 我发现最接近魔法药丸的研究就是这个 |
| 298 | I've been taking fish oil since I was about 10. | 我从十岁开始就吃鱼油 |
| 299 | I've never been off it since I started, so technically I don't actually know | 我从开始就从没离开过 所以从技术上讲我不知道 |
| 300 | whether it's responsible for anything in my life. | 无论它是否对我的生活负责。 |
| 301 | I've read a lot of good things about it, nonetheless. | 我读了很多关于它的好东西, 尽管如此。 |
| 302 | Fish oil supplements contain omega-3 fatty acids called EPA and DHA, both of | 鱼油补充剂中含有称为EPA和DHA的omega-3脂肪酸,这两种物质都含有: |
| 303 | which are very present in the human brain but cannot be created by human cells, | 它们存在于人的大脑中 但不能由人的细胞产生 |
| 304 | which is why it's very important to consume a healthy amount of fish or just take | 所以必须吃一头健康的鱼 或者只吃一头 |
| 305 | a supplement if you don't like fish. | 如果你不喜欢鱼的话,就做补充 |
| 306 | The scientific literature has linked EPA and DHA levels to improved cognitive | 科学文献将环保局和DHA水平与提高认知性联系起来。 |
| 307 | development as well as neuroprotective effects over the lifespan. | 发育以及生命期的神经保护作用。 |
| 308 | So don't take this as medical advice or whatsoever. | 所以不要把这当成医疗建议或任何东西 |
| 309 | Like I do psychology, I'm not a scientist, but I've just found that fish oil is | 像我做心理学,我不是科学家, 但我刚刚发现鱼油是 |
| 310 | something that I've taken over this time frame, across which I've been decently | 我接管了这个时间框架 一直以来我都很诚实 |
| 311 | successful. | 已经成功。 |
| 312 | Make of that what you will. | 随你便 |
| 313 | A final thing to round up this video is I want to comment on how perfection is a lie | 最后一件事情是,我想评论 完美是多么的谎言 |
| 314 | and perfectionism, seeking perfection, can be quite toxic. | 和完美主义,寻求完美, 可以是相当有毒的。 |
| 315 | Despite the title and thumbnail of this video, my academic record is not | 尽管这段视频的标题和缩略语, 我的学术记录不是 |
| 316 | technically perfect. | 技术上是完美的。 |
| 317 | I got a C in general studies. | 我得到一个C 在普通学习。 |
| 318 | I got a D in further pure maths of my A level and I got like 50% in an assignment | 我得到一个D 更纯粹的数学 我的A级 我得到了像50% 在任务 |
| 319 | on my masters about planning clinical interventions. | 关于我的主人 关于规划临床干预。 |
| 320 | So you don't actually need to be perfect in order to look perfect. | 所以,你实际上不需要完美 才能看起来完美。 |
| 321 | I don't even think a perfect academic record is something you should aim for either. | 我甚至不认为完美的学术记录 也是你应该追求的 |
| 322 | The relationship between work and output as in grades, you get diminishing returns | 工作与产出的关系,如在等级上,得到的回报减少 |
| 323 | over time. | 随着时间的推移。 |
| 324 | So to go from like 50 to 60% might take a certain amount of work, but | 所以从50%到60% 可能需要一定的工作,但 |
| 325 | to go from 90 to 100% is basically an obscene amount of work in comparison. | 从90%到100%基本上是一种肮脏的工作。 |
| 326 | The time you could spend creating absolute academic perfection is 100% better off | 你可以花时间创造 绝对的学术完美 是100%更好 |
| 327 | spent going outside, touching grass and making friends, because that is what you | 花在外边,摸草 交朋友,因为这就是你 |
| 328 | will look back on when you look back on your school days and your uni days. | 当你回想起你的学校生活和独处生活时 会回头看的 |
| 329 | Why do we seek a perfect academic record in the first place? | 为什么我们一开始就要寻找完美的学术记录? |
| 330 | Is it so that we can finally get our parents validation, approval and love? | 这样我们才能最终得到父母的认可,认可和爱? |
| 331 | It can feel like we need to meet certain conditions in order to receive those. | 它可以感到我们需要满足某些条件才能接受这些条件。 |
| 332 | But as a general concept, we want the perfect academic record so we can have a | 但是作为一个一般的概念,我们想要完美的学术记录,以便我们能够有一个 |
| 333 | greater chance of success and happiness in life. | 生命中更大的成功和幸福的机会。 |
| 334 | That is why it is worth spending time finding happiness more directly by finding | 这就是为什么它值得花时间 通过寻找更直接的幸福 |
| 335 | people you enjoy spending time with. | 与你共度时光的人 |
| 336 | So bear that in mind while trying to get a perfect academic record. | 所以在试图获得完美的学术记录时要记住这一点。 |
| 337 | Don't lose sight of the more important things in life. | 别忘了生活中更重要的事 |
| 338 | Thanks again to Brilliant for sponsoring this video. | 再次感谢辉煌的赞助 这段视频。 |
| 339 | Stay tuned if you're interested in more vids about my academic journey so far, | 如果你对我的学术之旅有兴趣的话 请继续听 |
| 340 | like this vlog of UCL, and I'll see you very soon with another video. | 就像UCL的VLO, 很快会看到另一个视频。 |
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