【牛津辩论】体育应脱离政治吗？

发布于 2026-03-23 · 时长 1:12:21

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:07	Without further ado, I invite Felix Hughes to open the open side proposition.	不用多说了,我邀请菲利克斯・休斯打开开放的侧面提议。
0:14	Thank you so much.	非常感谢
0:22	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and thank you to Madam President for extending me the	晚上好,女士们,先生们,谢谢主席女士给我
0:25	honor of speaking this evening.	很荣幸今晚能发言
0:28	I rise today to defend a proposition that my opponents will no doubt characterize as	我今天站出来是为了为一个主张辩护,即我的对手无疑会定性为:
0:33	somewhere between naive and sinister.	在天真和邪恶之间
0:36	The political equivalent, they will suggest, of asking the weather to stay out of Britain.	他们将会建议, 要求天气远离英国。
0:41	Impossible, they will say, undesirable, vaguely fascist.	绝对不可能,他们会说, 不受欢迎,模糊的法西斯主义。
0:45	They are wrong.	他们错了。
0:46	And I shall explain precisely why, starting with one word in the motion before us that	我会解释为什么,从我们面前的动议中的一个字开始

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序号	英文	中文
1	Without further ado, I invite Felix Hughes to open the open side proposition.	不用多说了,我邀请菲利克斯・休斯打开开放的侧面提议。
2	Thank you so much.	非常感谢
3	Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and thank you to Madam President for extending me the	晚上好,女士们,先生们,谢谢主席女士给我
4	honor of speaking this evening.	很荣幸今晚能发言
5	I rise today to defend a proposition that my opponents will no doubt characterize as	我今天站出来是为了为一个主张辩护,即我的对手无疑会定性为:
6	somewhere between naive and sinister.	在天真和邪恶之间
7	The political equivalent, they will suggest, of asking the weather to stay out of Britain.	他们将会建议, 要求天气远离英国。
8	Impossible, they will say, undesirable, vaguely fascist.	绝对不可能,他们会说, 不受欢迎,模糊的法西斯主义。
9	They are wrong.	他们错了。
10	And I shall explain precisely why, starting with one word in the motion before us that	我会解释为什么,从我们面前的动议中的一个字开始
11	my opponents have not, I suspect, read carefully enough.	我怀疑我的对手没有仔细阅读
12	That word is would, not has, not does, would.	这个词是不会的,不是不会的。
13	We are not being asked to describe the world as it is, a world in which, yes, sport has	我们没有被要求描述这个世界的目前状况。
14	always been entangled with power, in which the Greeks suspended wars for the Olympics	总是与权力纠缠在一起希腊人中止了奥运会战争
15	and the Soviets weaponized the long jump and FIFA awarded a World Cup to Qatar in circumstances	苏联将长跳武器化国际足联授予卡塔尔世界杯
16	that have since made many Swiss bank accounts considerably more comfortable.	这使许多瑞士银行账户更加舒适。
17	We know that world.	我们了解这个世界。
18	We live in it.	我们生活在其中。
19	We are being asked whether we would deliberately, structurally, as a matter of considered policy	有人问我们,我们是否打算作为深思熟虑的政策,从结构上考虑。
20	and law, choose to do better.	和法律,选择做更好的。
21	And doing better does not mean perfection.	做得更好并不意味着完美
22	We are not claiming sport can be scrubbed clean of every value judgment, every contested	我们不是说体育可以清除每一个价值判断,每一个有争议的
23	category, every trace of the political world in which it exists.	类别,它存在的每一个政治世界的痕迹。
24	What we are claiming is that there is a meaningful difference between the inescapable condition	我们所声称的是,不可回避的条件之间有着有意义的区别。
25	of all human institutions, that they encode values, that they are never fully neutral	所有人类机构, 他们编码价值, 他们从来没有完全中立
26	and the deliberate weaponization of sport by states for ends that have nothing to do	以及国家蓄意将体育武器化以达到无所事事的目的
27	with sport itself.	与运动本身。
28	The first, it's unavoidable.	第一,这是不可避免的。
29	The second is a choice.	第二是选择.
30	And it is the second and only the second that this motion asks us to address.	这是第二项,也是这项动议要求我们处理的唯一第二项。
31	That is both theoretically and practically achievable.	这在理论上和实际上都是可以实现的。
32	I intend to prove them both.	我打算证明他们两个。
33	But before I properly begin, the honor falls upon me to introduce this evening's speakers	但是在我开始之前我很荣幸能介绍今晚的演讲者
34	for the opposition.	为反对派。
35	Speaking first is my friend Oliver Douglas, a Rhodes scholar.	先是我的朋友奥利弗·道格拉斯罗德学者
36	Oliver is one of the hardest working people I know.	奥利弗是我认识的最难工作的人之一
37	After all, I've never seen a graduate spend so much time getting coffee with first years.	毕竟,我从来没有见过一个毕业生花这么多时间喝咖啡与第一年。
38	He is, of course, an Australian.	他当然是澳大利亚人
39	In Australia, sport is an entertainment.	在澳大利亚,体育是一种娱乐.
40	It's foreign policy.	这是外交政策。
41	Other countries resolve tensions diplomatically.	其他国家以外交方式解决了紧张局势。
42	Australia, they just schedule England.	澳大利亚,他们只是安排英格兰。
43	They abolished the death penalty in 1985.	他们于1985年废除了死刑。
44	But every few years, they still make England tour, which feels unnecessary.	但每隔几年,他们仍然做英格兰巡演,这感觉没有必要.
45	Now, the last time I debated, it was against Winston Peters, a man so politically immortal	上次我辩论时,是针对温斯顿·彼得斯的他在政治上是如此不朽
46	that retirement avoids him out of respect.	退休后为了尊重他而回避他
47	You don't defeat Winston Peters.	你不能打败温斯顿・彼得斯
48	You just survive until the next election cycle.	你只是活到下一个选举周期
49	So I thought nothing could intimidate me.	所以我觉得没有什么能吓唬我
50	And then I realized I'm debating Oliver Douglas, which is different because Winston Peters	然后我意识到我在辩论奥利弗·道格拉斯这不一样因为温斯顿·彼得斯
51	survives entire political eras, but Oliver struggles to survive a second serve.	但奥利弗为了活过第二次服役而挣扎
52	I've seen him argue line calls with the intensity of someone contesting a Supreme Court ruling.	我见过他用有人质疑最高法院裁决的激烈程度来辩论电话
53	And the only difference Hawkeye has a higher approval rating.	而"鹰眼"唯一的区别则获得更高的认可评级.
54	I debated a man who refuses to retire.	我辩论了一个拒绝退休的人。
55	And today I face a man whose backhand didn't retire.	今天我面对的是一个反手没有退休的人
56	It was quietly phased out due to a lack of public support.	由于缺乏公众的支持,它被悄悄地淘汰.
57	Speaking second, our secretary, Harry Aldrich.	说第二,我们的秘书,哈里·奥尔德里希。
58	Harry is not only the diligent custodian of this great society, he is also the co-chair	哈利不仅是这个伟大社会的守护者也是共同主席
59	of the Oxford Labour Club.	牛津劳工俱乐部
60	Now, no one understands mass participation quite like Harry.	现在没人能像哈利那样理解大众参与
61	And I don't just mean electorally.	我不是说选举
62	What really impresses me about Harry is his consistency.	真正让我印象深刻的是哈利的一贯性
63	As co-chair of Labour, he spent the year defending a party famous for U-turns.	作为工党的共同主席,他花了一年时间为一个以U-turns闻名的党辩护.
64	And then he thought, I can do one better.	然后他想,我可以做一个更好的。
65	It's the Union Bull this Saturday.	这是联合公牛这个星期六。
66	Harry campaigned a Minecraft bull and then U-turned on the creepers on the guest list.	哈利宣传了一辆Minecraft公牛,然后在嘉宾名单上的爬行者上转身.
67	Yes, creepers.	是的,爬行者们。
68	Exploding pixelated creatures that look quietly in the background and then detonate unexpectedly.	爆炸的像素生物在背景中安静地看着然后意外地引爆
69	And given recent audio related drama, you'd think that's we might want fewer things that	加上最近与音频相关的剧情, 你会认为,我们可能想要更少的东西,
70	sneak around and blow up.	偷偷摸摸地炸飞
71	But Harry thought, theme it.	但哈利认为,主题。
72	You can question Labour's instincts, but nothing compares to the confidence of a man	你可以质疑工党的本能但没有什么能比起男人的信心
73	with distinguished grey hairs who looks at this society and decided what we truly needed	与杰出的灰色头发谁看这个社会决定我们真正需要什么
74	was more creeps.	更变态
75	And then he couldn't even organise that.	然后他甚至不能组织。
76	And the last speaker in opposition, Miss Nicole Wong.	最后一位反对者是黄妮可小姐
77	She's a second year PPist at Trinity.	她是三一大学的第二年PPist.
78	You might have seen on the Instagram that she gave the best speech at the European	你可能会在Instagram上看到她在欧洲的演讲最好
79	debate championship this year.	今年辩论冠军。
80	That's very impressive.	真让人印象深刻
81	Unfortunately, I'm also told that in the most recent debate she did, she lost to a pair	不幸的是,我还被告知在她最近的辩论, 她输给了一对
82	of Turkish 10th graders.	土耳其10年级学生。
83	I wonder what version of Nicole we will get today.	我想知道我们今天会得到什么版本的妮可。
84	Nicole is definitely not qualified at all to speak on sports because she's an Arsenal	妮可绝对没有资格说体育,因为她是阿森纳人
85	fan.	风扇。
86	Just like Arsenal, I'm sure she will finish second in this debate and act really happy	和阿森纳一样,我相信她会完成这场辩论的第二名表现得很开心
87	about it.	关于它。
88	Madam President, these are your guests and they are most welcome.	主席女士,这是你的客人,非常欢迎。
89	Now, in this house, as in life generally, the person who controls the definition controls	现在,在这个房子里, 和一般的生活一样, 控制定义的人控制
90	the argument.	争论。
91	So let us be precise about what we mean by politics.	因此,让我们确切地说出政治的含义。
92	I don't mean individual athletes expressing individual conscience.	我不是说个人运动员表达个人良心
93	Let me be unambiguous about this, because my opponents will attempt almost certainly	让我毫不含糊地说,因为我的对手几乎肯定会试图
94	in the opening sentence to allow Tommy Smith and John Carlos, fists raised at Mexico City.	允许汤米·史密斯和约翰·卡洛斯在墨西哥城竖起拳头
95	They will, if they're feeling particularly energetic, invoke Mohammed Ali, refusing his	他们会,如果他们感到特别有活力, 引用穆罕默德・阿里,拒绝他的
96	draft papers and paying four years of his career for the privilege.	并支付他四年的职业生涯的特权。
97	Those men were magnificent.	那些人是伟大的。
98	We salute them.	我们向他们致敬。
99	Our motion does not touch them.	我们的动议不碰他们。
100	What we are talking about is the instrumentalization of sports by states and political institution	我们说的是国家和政治机构对体育的工具化
101	for political ends.	为了政治目的。
102	Qatar spending $200 billion on a World Cup to launder its international reputation.	卡塔尔斥资2000亿美元世界杯洗刷国际声誉.
103	Black September choosing the Munich Olympics because 900 million people were watching.	黑九月选择慕尼黑奥运,因为有9亿人在观看.
104	The IOC making de facto foreign policy decisions affecting the lives of millions with all the	国际奥委会作出事实上的外交政策决定,影响数百万人的生活,影响所有人的生活。
105	democratic economy of a Zurich golf club, which now, I think about it, is essentially	苏黎世高尔夫球俱乐部的民主经济,我想现在它基本上是
106	what it is.	何谓.
107	That is Saudi Arabia purchasing Newcastle United, not because His Excellency the Crown	这是沙特阿拉伯购买纽卡斯尔联合, 不是因为王室阁下
108	Prince has developed a passionate attachment to Tyneside, but because the Premier League	王子对泰恩赛德产生了热情的感情但因为首相联盟
109	provides global legitimacy that no amount of oil revenue could simply buy.	提供了任何石油收入都无法简单地购买的全球合法性。
110	That, the deliberate weaponization of sports by external political actors, is what we would	外部政治行为者蓄意将体育武器化,这是我们所希望的。
111	keep out.	别过来
112	And my opponents will say everything's political, you cannot draw the line.	我的对手会说一切都是政治的,你不能划清界限。
113	And I say the difficulty of drawing a line does not mean it does not exist.	我说,划一条线的困难并不意味着它不存在。
114	Hard cases at the margin do not eliminate clear cases at the centre.	边际困难案件并不能消除中心的明确案件。
115	Munich, it's a clear case.	慕尼黑,这是一个明显的案例。
116	Qatar, it's a clear case.	卡塔尔,这是个明显的案例.
117	A 23-year-old weightlifter used as a propaganda pop for state-committing atrocities is a clear	一个23岁的举重者被当做国家暴行的宣传热潮
118	case.	案例。
119	And we start there.	我们从那里开始。
120	Let us go to Munich, September 1972, the Olympic Games.	让我们去慕尼黑,1972年9月,奥运会。
121	Willy Dorm, the West German organizing committee chairman, has designed the Olympic Games as	西德组委会主席威利·多尔姆设计奥运会
122	the antithesis of Berlin 1936.	1936年柏林的反论.
123	Open, welcoming, cheerful, no soldiers, no visible security.	开放,欢迎,高兴,没有士兵,没有明显的安全.
124	The Olympic Village was practically an engraved institution, invitation rather, to the world.	奥林匹克村实际上是一个雕刻的机构,邀请全世界。
125	Come in, all are welcome.	进来吧,欢迎大家
126	Germany has changed.	德国变了
127	Eight members of the Palestinian militant group Black September accepted the invitation.	巴勒斯坦好战团体“黑九月”的八名成员接受了邀请。
128	They scaled the perimeter fence in the small hours of the 5th of September, forced their	他们在9月5日的小小时里放大了周边围栏迫使他们
129	way into the building housing the Israeli delegation, and killed two athletes immediately.	进入以色列代表团的大楼立即杀死了两名运动员
130	Nine more were taken hostage.	又有九人被劫为人质.
131	That evening, as the world watched on live television at an air base, Western Germans	当晚,当全世界在空军基地的电视直播时,西德人
132	sharpshooters, badly positioned, undertrained, and operating without any of the infrastructure	狙击手,位置差,训练不足,没有基础设施
133	of a modern hostage rescue, attempted an ambush.	一个现代人质营救, 试图伏击。
134	It collapsed with spectacular and fatal incompetence.	它以惊人和致命的无能而崩溃。
135	All nine remaining hostages were killed.	其余9名人质全部被杀害。
136	The IOC decided the games would continue.	国际奥委会决定继续比赛.
137	Now Munich, it was not a sport caught in the crossfire of political conflict.	现在慕尼黑,这不是一场陷入政治冲突的运动。
138	Munich was sport being chosen as the theatre for political acts because it was sport.	慕尼黑是体育被选为政治行动的舞台,因为它是体育。
139	Black September's logic was explicit.	黑九月的逻辑是明确的.
140	Conventional confrontation with Israel was unwinnable.	与以色列的常规对抗是无法战胜的。
141	But a spectacular act at the most watched television event in human history, that could	但一场壮观的表演在人类历史上最受关注的电视事件, 它可以
142	not be ignored.	不被忽视。
143	The global audience, a symbolic way to Germany, the openness of the village.	全球观众,象征德国的方式,村落的开放.
144	The very qualities that make the Olympics beautiful were the qualities that made it	使奥运会变得美丽的特质就是它
145	on that morning a target.	那天早上有个目标
146	But sport, it was not a backdrop to Munich.	但体育不是慕尼黑的背景
147	Sport was the weapon.	体育是武器。
148	And my opponents will say that's an outlier.	我的对手会说那是外敌
149	We cannot build policy around the worst case.	我们不能围绕最坏的情况制定政策。
150	To which I say the worst case is precisely what policy is for.	我认为最糟糕的情况正是政策的目的。
151	The Geneva Conventions exist because without hard structural constraints, the worst case	《日内瓦公约》之所以存在,是因为没有严格的结构限制,最坏的情况就是
152	is not an outlier.	不是一个外人。
153	It is a destination.	这是一个目的地。
154	And the only question is who walks in next.	唯一的问题就是下一个是谁
155	Now let me briefly make the legal argument because I study law.	现在让我简要地提出法律论点,因为我学习法律。
156	And as my friends will confirm, I rarely miss an opportunity to mention that.	正如我的朋友将证实的那样,我很少错过提到这一点的机会。
157	Sport operates in a peculiar legal twilight zone.	体育在奇特的法律黄昏区运作。
158	The Court of Arbitration for Sport is a private arbitration body with quasi-judicial authority	体育仲裁法院是一个具有准司法权威的私人仲裁机构。
159	over athletes' careers and livelihoods.	超越运动员的职业和生计。
160	No democratic mandate, not created by any treaty.	没有民主授权,任何条约都没有规定。
161	Designed to govern doping violations and transfer disputes.	旨在治理滥用毒品和转移纠纷。
162	Emphatically not designed to adjudicate the Israel-Palestine conflict.	绝对不是旨在裁定以色列-巴勒斯坦冲突。
163	And yet here we are.	然而我们在这里。
164	The IOC effectively bans Russia collectively for Ukraine.	国际奥委会有效地集体禁止俄罗斯加入乌克兰.
165	Fine, principled.	好吧,原则。
166	Then declines to ban Israel collectively for Gaza.	然后拒绝集体禁止以色列进入加沙。
167	Also a decision.	也是个决定
168	Also political.	亦为政治.
169	But made by whom?	但是谁做的?
170	Subject to what legal challenge?	受到什么法律质疑?
171	Answerable to what constituency?	对哪个选区负责?
172	Nobody.	没人
173	By no process.	没有经过任何过程。
174	Answerable to nobody.	无人可答.
175	And I know what is coming and I want to deal with it before it arrives.	我知道接下来会发生什么我想在它到达之前处理它
176	The opposition will say sport has always been political.	反对派会说体育一直是政治性的。
177	The Greeks suspended wars for Olympics.	希腊人为奥运暂停战争.
178	Berlin 1936.	柏林 1936年.
179	The Cold War medal counts.	冷战时期的奖章算数。
180	The proposition is defending a myth.	这个提议是捍卫一个神话。
181	To which I say you are describing the disease, not the cure.	我说的是你在描述疾病,而不是治愈
182	The fact that the problem has always existed does not mean we should not address it.	问题始终存在的事实并不意味着我们不应该处理这个问题。
183	We do not decline to regulate industrial pollution on the grounds that factories have always reduced smoke.	我们并不以工厂一直减少烟雾为理由拒绝管制工业污染。
184	They will say the apartheid boycotts worked.	他们会说种族隔离抵制行动奏效了
185	And I said yes, because they were states acting collectively through accountable political processes.	我答应了,因为它们是通过负责任的政治进程集体采取行动的国家。
186	Applying a clear legal principle with a specific end point.	适用具有特定终点的明确法律原则。
187	Sport was the expression of a political decision made at the appropriate level.	体育是在适当级别作出的政治决定的体现。
188	And under our model, that still happens.	在我们的模型下,这仍然会发生。
189	And finally, they will raise, and this is the clever one, the transgender debate.	最后,他们会提出, 这是聪明的,变性者的辩论。
190	For example, Leah Thomas, the definition of a woman, after all, is contested.	例如,Leah Thomas,妇女的定义毕竟是有争议的。
191	The categories of sport are political constructs.	体育类别是政治结构。
192	Therefore, our motion is not just impractical, it is coherent.	因此,我们的动议不仅是不切实际的,而且是连贯的。
193	But I want to be honest, the science is genuinely contested.	但我要说实话科学是真正有争议的
194	The values are genuinely in conflict.	这些价值观确实在冲突之中。
195	But notice what my opponents are actually doing.	但请注意我的对手到底在做什么
196	They're taking a genuinely hard question about the internal nature of sport.	他们正在对运动的内部性质提出一个真正难的问题.
197	What fair competition means, how we categorize athletic bodies and using it to smuggle in a defense of something categorically different.	公平竞争意味着什么,我们如何分类运动体,并利用它走私以保卫绝对不同的事物。
198	The external weaponization of sport by states for geopolitical ends.	国家为了地缘政治目的将体育武器化。
199	These are not the same thing, not even close.	这些都是不一样的,甚至没有接近。
200	So let me end where I began with the question, what is sport for?	所以,让我结束我开始的问题, 什么是体育?
201	The idea that human beings from every nation, every culture, every political system can stand in the same arena,	认为来自每个国家的人, 每一种文化,每一种政治制度可以站在同一个舞台上,
202	compete on the same terms, judged by nothing more or less than what they can do with their bodies.	以同样的条件进行竞争,其判断不比他们的身体所能做的多或少。
203	That is not a naive idea, it is a radical one, and it is worth protecting.	这不是一个天真的想法,是一个激进的想法,值得保护。
204	Munich answers the question of what happens when sport becomes a global political stage without constraint.	慕尼黑回答一个问题,当体育成为毫无限制的全球政治舞台时会发生什么.
205	Qatar answers the question of what happens when authoritarian states purchase sporting legitimacy unchecked.	卡塔尔回答专制国家购买体育正当性时会发生什么问题。
206	We know what happens, we have the evidence.	我们知道会发生什么, 我们有证据。
207	The question is whether we would deliberately and structurally choose to do better.	问题是,我们是否有意和从结构上选择做得更好。
208	We would and we should.	我们会的,我们应该的。
209	I commend this motion to the House.	我向众议院推荐这项动议。
210	Thank you.	谢谢
211	I would next like to invite Oliver Douglas to open the side for opposition.	接下来我要邀请奥利弗·道格拉斯向反对派开放
212	Well.
213	It's good to be back, esteemed guests and honorable members of this society at this Dispatch Box.	很高兴能回来尊敬的客人和这个社会上尊敬的成员在这个调度箱里
214	Once again, ready to argue for the opposition once more, a tall order it would appear to be at this moment in time.	再次准备再次为反对派争吵,现在看来,这是一个很高的命令。
215	However, before I do so, I would like to wish the president a vote of thanks for generously conferring this opportunity on me tonight.	然而,在我这样做之前,我祝愿主席今晚慷慨地给我这个机会。
216	That she occupies this high office while others remain on the benches around us may be surprising to some,	她占据了这个崇高的职位而其他人仍然坐在我们身边的长凳上可能会令一些人感到惊讶
217	but not to those with a more astute political sense.	但不是对那些有更敏锐政治感的人
218	After all, Boris Johnson always described his prime ministerial ambitions as being akin to being reincarnated as an olive,	毕竟,鲍里斯·约翰逊总是将他的首相野心描述为类似于被转世作为橄榄,
219	but he ended up in number 10 all the same.	但是他最后还是10号
220	I wish to commend the president, her officers and members of the committee for bringing together another exceptional turn.	我愿赞扬主席、她的官员和委员会成员召集了另一个不同寻常的回合。
221	Now, turning to the debate at hand, I wish to say that we should oppose the idea of keeping politics out of sport here in this House.	现在,关于目前的辩论,我要说,我们应当反对在本大会堂中不让政治参加运动的想法。
222	And given again that once again, I'm backed up by a set of erudite minds on the opposition benches and from the secretary's chair,	再说一次,我又被一群在反对派席上和从秘书的椅子上学过的思想所支持
223	whose argumentative symbiosis tonight will leave members wondering how we could ever not be seen teaming up again in the future.	他们的辩驳共生关系今晚会让成员们怀疑我们如何永远不能被看到未来再次合作。
224	I will advance two arguments to open our case.	我将提出两个论点来审理我们的案件。
225	First, I will argue that politics has long been inseparable from sporting competition and that it is often the political dimension which enriches our relationship with sport.	首先,我要指出,长期以来,政治与体育竞争是不可分割的,而丰富我们与体育关系的往往是政治层面。
226	Second, I will argue that any effort to keep active politics out of sport would be marred by inherently political judgments and attendantly unworkable.	第二,我要指出,任何不让积极政治参与体育运动的努力都将受到固有的政治判断和随之而来的不可行的破坏。
227	But before I begin my case in earnest, I need to introduce side proposition and respond to the strays that I caught six minutes ago.	但是,在我认真地开始我的案件之前,我需要提出附带建议,并对六分钟前我抓住的流浪者作出反应。
228	Beginning with their opening speaker, Felix Hughes, he's a fresh face around the union and he currently serves as a dedicated and hardworking junior appointed member.	从他们的开场演讲人费利克斯·休斯开始,他是工会周围的新面孔,他目前是一位献身和勤奋的初级委任成员.
229	He certainly cuts quite a dash around this place.	他肯定把这地方切得一团糟
230	And as his second paper speech in as many terms reveals, he is clearly deft at flattering all the right people in this place.	正如他的第二次纸质演讲所揭示的那样, 他显然对恭维这里所有正确的人很感兴趣。
231	However, whether he is as effective at flattering large groups of people very much remains to be seen after last term.	然而,他能否有效地向大批民众致意,这在上届之后还有待观察。
232	Now, side proposition's next speaker is Noel Mooney, the chief executive of Welsh Football and a former senior official within UEFA.	现在,副提案的下一个发言人是诺埃尔·穆尼,他是威尔士足球的首席执行官,也是欧足联内一位前高级官员.
233	He is a great patron and promoter of Welsh Football.	他是威尔士足球的伟大赞助者和推动者。
234	Indeed, he places great importance on Welsh teams, campaigns to qualify for the FIFA World Cup and both the women's and men's teams have seen great success.	事实上,他非常重视威尔士队,为获得国际足联世界杯资格而举行的运动,男女队都取得了巨大成功。
235	Surprisingly, though, despite Mr Mooney having been a professional football player, we both have something in common when it comes to football.	令人惊讶的是,尽管穆尼先生是一名职业足球运动员,但我们在足球方面都有共同之处.
236	An impressive career tally of zero professional goals.	职业生涯令人印象深刻的零职业进球记录.
237	We'll gloss over the fact that he's a goalkeeper for just a moment.	我们会掩饰他只是守门员
238	The final speaker is Dr Faisal Mushtaq.	最后一位发言者是费萨尔·穆什塔克博士。
239	He's a professor of cognitive science and the director of the Centre for Immersive Technology at the University of Leeds.	他是认知科学的教授和利兹大学记忆技术中心主任.
240	He's also the founder of the Immersive Cognition Research Group, which specialises in the study of learning and skill acquisition using virtual environments,	他也是Immersive认知研究小组的创始人,该研究小组专门研究利用虚拟环境学习和获得技能,
241	which leads me to say I have no clue what he's going to say about politics or sport this evening.	这让我觉得我不知道他今晚会说什么关于政治或运动
242	In all seriousness, and on behalf of the members of this House, we are deeply grateful for your participation in this debate here tonight.	我们非常认真地并代表本院成员对你参加今晚这里的辩论深表感谢。
243	Madame President, these are your guests and they are most welcome.	总统女士,这是你的客人,欢迎他们
244	Now, to begin with my first argument, that politics is inseparable from sporting competition and that this dimension, in fact, enriches our relationship with it.	现在,从我的第一个论点开始,政治与体育竞赛是不可分割的,事实上,这个层面丰富了我们与体育竞赛的关系.
245	To do so, I want everyone to cast their minds back nearly 90 years ago to the day.	为此,我希望每个人在将近90年前的今天前都回过头来。
246	The location is Berlin and the occasion is the 1936 Summer Olympics.	地点为柏林,举办时间为1936年夏季奥运会.
247	On the start line of the 100 metre sprint stands Jesse Owens, representing the United States of America.	在100米短跑的起点线上,杰西·欧文斯代表美国登场.
248	Owens is just 23 years old.	欧文斯才23岁
249	He's an African-American athlete from Alabama, standing in the literal heart of a racially organised totalitarian regime.	他是来自阿拉巴马州的非裔美国运动员,站在一个种族组织极权主义政权的字面核心.
250	His very presence at that moment in time was a political act and he was about to shatter fascist propaganda.	他当时在场本身就是政治行为,他即将粉碎法西斯主义的宣传.
251	The starting gun fired, the sprinters set off and 10.3 seconds later, over six metres in front of his nearest competition, Owens was victorious.	开始射击的枪,短跑者出发,10.3秒后,在他最近的比赛前超过6米,欧文斯获胜.
252	This was the start of a truly historic Olympic medals haul, which also saw him win in the long jump, the 200 metre sprint and the four by 100 metre sprint relay.	这是一次真正历史性的奥运会奖牌拉力赛的开始,这也使他在长跳,200米短跑和4米100米短跑接力赛中获胜.
253	Today, Owens' performance is held up as being symbolic of athletic prowess, regardless of background, triumphing over racial prejudice,	今天,欧文斯的表演被认为是运动的象征,无论背景如何,战胜种族偏见,
254	and is even read by some as forecasting the triumph of the Allies over the Axis powers in World War II.	有人甚至认为盟军在二战中战胜轴心国
255	Owens' performance in Berlin is symbolic of how politics is inseparable from sporting competition.	欧文斯在柏林的表现象征着政治如何与体育竞赛密不可分.
256	The act of participation by an athlete or a team is significant and so too is their performance within the context of the broader political moment.	运动员或团队的参与行为是重大的,在更广泛的政治时刻,他们的表现也是如此。
257	To illustrate my point, and I hope I know my audience well, if England wins a game in the Football World Cup, that's a significant moment.	为了说明我的观点,我希望我非常了解我的观众,如果英格兰在足球世界杯上赢得一场比赛,那将是一个重大的时刻.
258	But if England wins a World Cup game against France, that's all the more significant indeed.	但是,如果英格兰赢得了一场世界杯对阵法国的比赛,这确实更加重要.
259	But if England were to win the World Cup against France in France, that would be the holy trinity of achievement indeed.	但是如果英格兰在法国对阵法国的世界杯上获胜,那确实是成就的神圣三重性.
260	Now, history is replete with iconic sporting moments that had political significance.	现在,历史充满了具有政治意义的标志性的体育时刻。
261	The United States beating the Soviet Union in men's ice hockey in the epic comeback now described as the miracle on ice.	美国击败苏联在男子冰球在史诗的回归现在描述的奇迹在冰上。
262	The Soviet Union, in turn, beating the United States' men's team in basketball in 1972.	苏联则在1972年篮球比赛中击败美国男子队.
263	A fun fact, the United States men's team never accepted their silver medals and they are held in Switzerland to this day.	一个有趣的事实是,美国男子球队从未接受过他们的银牌,他们一直到今天都在瑞士举行.
264	Arthur Ashe being the first black man to win a tennis Grand Slam singles title.	亚瑟·阿什是第一个赢得网球大赛单曲冠军的黑人.
265	Simone Biles overcoming various hardships to return to elite gymnastics and becoming the most decorated gymnast in Olympic history.	西蒙娜·比莱斯克服各种困难重返精英体操,成为奥运历史上最装饰的体操运动员.
266	And Billie Jean King beating Bobby Riggs 6'4", 6'3", 6'3", in the widely publicised Battle of the Sexes.	而比莉·让·金在广为宣传的"性别之战"中击败了鲍比·里格斯6'4,6'3,6'3".
267	Sport detached and severed from border political narratives is nearly unimaginable and frankly undesirable.	体育脱离和脱离边界政治叙事几乎是难以想象的,坦率地说是不可取的。
268	Now, some people in the audience might counter the above and say that I have only pointed to the passive relationship between sports and politics.	现在,观众中有些人可能会反驳上述说法,说我只指出了体育与政治之间的被动关系.
269	What about the active relationship where athletes and teams raise or speak on political issues?	运动员和球队提出或谈论政治问题的积极关系如何?
270	To that, I move to my second point, and that is that efforts to keep active politics out of sports will be marred by inherently political judgments and be unworkable.	为此,我要谈第二点,那就是,使积极政治退出体育运动的努力将受到内在政治判断的破坏,是行不通的。
271	Now, to keep this argument grounded in the practical, let's focus on the process.	现在,为了把这一论点建立在实际的基础上,让我们集中关注这一进程。
272	Let's imagine an athlete or a team has said or done something deemed to be political in sport.	让我们想象一个运动员或者一个球队在运动中曾说过或者做过被认为是政治的东西.
273	Perhaps it was a statement in a pre or post game media conference or an act on the playing field or the wearing of an article of clothing.	也许是在游戏前或游戏后媒体会议上的言论,或者在游戏场地上的行为,或者穿戴衣物的行为.
274	In a world where politics is kept out of sport, who got to decide what constituted the political act?	在一个政治被排除在体育之外的世界中,谁来决定什么是政治行为?
275	Was it the organising association?	是组织协会吗?
276	If so, I contend that I don't want FIFA, with its well documented history of corruption, making that decision.	如果是这样的话,我主张我不想要国际足联,因为国际足联的腐败历史是有充分记载的,因此作出这一决定。
277	Was it a players association?	是玩家协会吗?
278	If so, what manner of rules are to be employed to protect minority groups?	如果是的话,应采用何种规则来保护少数群体?
279	Would those rules even exist?	这些规则还会存在吗?
280	Was it the commercial sponsors?	是商业赞助商吗?
281	If so, are we really going to let large multinational corporations decide the political parameters of acceptability in sport?	如果是这样,我们是否真的要让大型跨国公司决定体育中可接受性的政治参数?
282	The problems go on and on, and this is just with regard to determining what constitutes a political act.	问题不断发生,这仅仅是在确定什么是政治行为方面。
283	So now, imagining a world where politics is kept out of sport and a world where there is some sort of hypothetical agreement about what politics should be kept out, we must turn to enforcement.	因此,现在,想象一个政治被排除在体育之外的世界,以及一个对什么政治应该不参与有某种假设共识的世界,我们必须转向执行。
284	What if a player speaks out and acts in a political way?	如果玩家以政治方式说话和行为呢?
285	What sanction would they face?	他们会面临什么样的制裁?
286	Would they be banned from playing and competing?	是否禁止他们参加比赛和比赛?
287	If so, for how long?	如果是的话,需要多久?
288	Would they be made to pay a financial fine or to forfeit pay?	是要求他们支付罚款还是没收罚款?
289	Whatever the combination, athletes and teams would be punitively reprimanded for acts of political expression.	无论组合如何,运动员和球队将因政治言论行为而受到惩罚性谴责。
290	This is not a world that we should want, and imagine what we might lose from a sporting perspective if that is the world we had.	这不是我们应当想要的世界,想象一下,如果世界是我们拥有的世界,我们从体育角度可能失去什么。
291	Muhammad Ali lost the best boxing years of his life because of his conscientious objection to the draft grounded in his firm religious convictions.	Muhammad Ali失去了一生中最好的拳击年头,因为他出于良心反对基于他坚定的宗教信仰的草案。
292	This is widely acknowledged as a sporting tragedy to this day.	这至今被广泛视为体育悲剧.
293	However, in a hypothetical world where politics is kept out of sport all the time, his example would be commonplace.	然而,在一个政治一直没有体育的假想世界中,他的榜样是司空见惯的。
294	In closing, and in spirit of author Evelyn Hall, that we may disagree with what people say and do, we should defend their right to say and do it.	最后,本着作者伊夫林·霍尔的精神,我们可能会不同意人们的言行,我们应该捍卫他们的言行权利.
295	I urge everyone to oppose the motion.	我敦促大家反对这项动议。
296	Before inviting our second speaker for side proposition, I would like to look towards the audience members for a floor speech.	在邀请我们的第二位发言者提出附带建议之前,我想请听众发言。
297	Looking for anyone to speak for proposition?	找谁为提议说话?
298	Yes, the member in the back.	是的后面那个成员
299	Hello, ladies and gentlemen of this house.	你好,女士们先生们
300	Historians have pondered when the Cold War ended.	历史学家在冷战结束的时候思考过。
301	Was it when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan?	是苏联入侵阿富汗的时候吗?
302	Was it Glasnost and Perestroika?	是格拉斯诺斯特和佩雷斯特里奥卡吗?
303	I would tell you it was when Rocky Balboa beat the shit out of Ivan Drago in Moscow and everyone started chanting Rocky.	我会告诉你,这是当洛基巴尔博亚在莫斯科击败伊万·德拉戈的狗屎, 每个人都开始高呼洛基。
304	Now you might say, Max, you silly goose, this is a movie.	现在你可以说,马克思,你这个愚蠢的鹅, 这是一部电影。
305	This didn't happen.	这不是真的。
306	And no, it did not happen.	不,它没有发生。
307	This is fiction.	这是虚构的。
308	But it did happen in China.	但在中国确实发生过
309	It did happen when a delegation of American ping pong players went to China and slowly there started to fall between political relations.	当一个美国乒乓球运动员代表团前往中国时,
310	Because it is only when sport is an apolitical process that a black athlete can run in Munich and embarrass the Nazi party.	因为只有当运动是非政治的过程时,黑人运动员才能在慕尼黑跑步,让纳粹党难堪.
311	It is only when sports is a competition of quality, not of ideas, that ideas of freedom can actually prevail.	只有在体育是质量竞争而不是思想竞争的情况下,自由思想才能真正占上风.
312	Four years ago, a man my age, a member of my football club, was brutally murdered, stabbed with a scythe.	四年前,我这个年龄的一个人,我足球俱乐部的成员,被残忍地谋杀,被刀刺伤.
313	The reason for this was rather trivial, which is that my sports club has its roots in left wing anarchism,	之所以如此,是因为我的体育俱乐部根植于左翼无政府主义
314	while the rival sports club has their roots in right wing nationalism.	而对立的体育俱乐部则根植于右翼民族主义.
315	And you might say, what does this have to do with kicking a ball between two goal posts?	你可能会说,这和踢球有关吗?
316	And honestly, I have no idea.	老实说,我不知道
317	But I do know that violence is bad and I do know that causing division in politics, causing division from politics and bringing up division into sports,	但我知道暴力是坏的我确实知道造成政治分裂造成政治分裂将分裂引入体育
318	is a horrible, horrible thing which stops sports from being an honest activity which unites us good people.	这是一个可怕的,可怕的事情阻止体育成为诚实的活动团结我们好的人。
319	I beg you to propose.	我请求你求婚
320	Thank you.	谢谢
321	Any speakers for opposition?	有反对者吗?
322	Yes, the member.	是的,成员。
323	The greatest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world that he did not exist.	魔鬼最厉害的把戏就是让世界相信他不存在
324	The problem with saying, and clearly someone agrees with me, that we should keep politics out of sports,	问题在于说,而且显然有人同意我的观点, 即我们应该防止政治运动,
325	is like saying that we should keep people out of politics.	就像说我们应该让人们远离政治
326	Because for many people around the world, their very existence is a political statement.	因为对于全世界许多人来说,他们的存在本身就是一种政治声明.
327	So here's the real question.	所以,这是真正的问题。
328	What is the non-political option?	非政治选择是什么?
329	Would a non-political option be to allow Russia to enter the Olympics or not?	非政治选择是否允许俄罗斯进入奥运会?.
330	Would silencing Muhammad Ali be the political option or allowing him to speak be not?	沉默默罕默德·阿里是政治选择,还是不允许他说话?
331	We hold deep within ourselves the power to change the world.	我们深藏着改变世界的力量。
332	The question we must ask isn't whether or not we should have politics or sports in politics or whatever,	我们必须问的问题是,我们是否应该有政治或体育在政治或什么,
333	but whether we should have people in sports in the first place.	但是,我们是否应该有人在体育在第一。
334	Because for many people and for many things, sports represents the greatest ideal that we could stand for	因为对许多人和很多事情来说体育代表着我们最伟大的理想
335	and also the brightest platform that they could have.	还有他们能拥有的最亮的平台
336	The ability to have the greatest bits of human achievement cast around the world.	拥有全世界最伟大的人类成就的能力。
337	So when Max says, aha, I don't like politics in sports because sometimes people fight,	所以,当马克思说,啊哈, 我不喜欢政治在体育,因为有时人们打架,
338	I would say that on his side, he makes those people silenced.	我会说,在他身边, 他使那些人沉默。
339	These people have a political statement and those voices are silenced as well.	这些人有一个政治声明,这些声音也被压制。
340	That is a political statement on their side.	这是他们一方的政治声明。
341	So Proposition then needs to ask themselves, what kind of peace do they stand for?	因此,提案需要问自己,他们代表什么和平?
342	Because I would say Proposition stands for negative peace, in the words of Martin Luther King, over positive peace.	因为我要说,用马丁·路德·金的话来说,主张消极和平,而不是积极和平。
343	For the words of the powerful over those of the voiceless.	为强者言胜无声者.
344	It is very clear then which side you should stand for.	很明显你应该站在哪一边
345	Politics in sports is important, not just because politics matter, but because sports matter,	运动中的政治很重要不仅仅是因为政治很重要而是因为运动很重要
346	but because we matter and any intent or purpose to impose upon sports any plausible restriction	但是,因为我们很重要任何意图或目的对体育施加任何可能的限制
347	is another way of keeping people out of sports any more than keeping politics out of sports.	除了不让政治参与运动之外,
348	For all of these reasons, it is far more important that we allow politics in sports	由于所有这些原因,让我们在运动中允许政治更为重要。
349	to protect our dignity and the rights of people.	保护我们的尊严和人民的权利。
350	For all of these reasons, you should oppose.	出于所有这些原因,你应该反对。
351	Next, I would like to invite the second speaker for opposition.	下面,我请第二位发言者表示反对。
352	Thank you, President, members of the House, ladies and gentlemen.	谢谢你,总统,议员们,女士们,先生们
353	Let me begin by acknowledging something important.	首先,我要承认一些重要的事情。
354	This is not a simple motion like the previous speaker who proposed,	这不是一个简单的动议,像前一位发言者提议,
355	I would say that the people opposite us are either naive or maybe even dishonest in what they're saying.	我要说,我们对面的人要么天真,要么甚至不诚实他们所说的。
356	Sport and politics live together.	体育和政治共同生活。
357	They breathe the same air.	他们呼吸同样的空气。
358	They respond to the same events.	他们对同样的事件作出反应。
359	And sometimes, yes, they do collide together.	有时候,是的,它们确实会碰撞在一起。
360	I'm here as the chief executive of the Football Association of Wales to argue that politics,	我在这里作为威尔士足球协会的首席执行官争论政治,
361	meaning partisan agendas, state power struggles and ideological campaigns, have no place in sport.	意思是党派议程,国家权力斗争和意识形态运动,在运动中没有地位.
362	Not because sport is too weak, but to the contrary, because sport is too influential and too powerful.	这并不是因为体育太弱,而是相反的,因为体育太有影响力,力量太强.
363	Sport is one of the few remaining places in modern life where people can just come together,	体育是现代生活中仅剩的几个地方之一人们可以聚集在一起,
364	not to agree, but just to belong.	不是同意,而是归属
365	Rich people, poor people, black, white, people of different religions, men, women,	有钱人穷人黑白人不同宗教的人男人女人
366	people who share nothing except a badge, a shirt or, in our case, in football, 90 minutes of hope.	除了徽章、衬衫或橄榄球赛上90分钟的希望
367	That openness and sense of connection between people is sports' greatest strength.	这种开放和人与人之间的联系是体育的最大力量。
368	We know that not from slogans, but from history.	我们不是从口号,而是从历史中知道这一点。
369	Time and again, sport has reached places politics could never do and spoken to people that politics could not reach.	体育已多次到达政治永远无法做到的地方,对人们说政治无法达到的地方。
370	It has offered dignity without demanding agreement, belonging without ideology.	它提供了尊严,但没有要求达成协议,没有意识形态。
371	In South Africa, as we know, sport helped to heal the wounds that politics alone could not.	正如我们所知,在南非,体育帮助治愈了政治本身无法消除的创伤。
372	In Wales, football has given identity, confidence and joy to generations that have felt invisible elsewhere.	在威尔士,足球为那些感觉在别处看不见的世代赋予了身份,信心和欢乐.
373	And once sport has turned into a political football, if you will, you place all of this at risk.	一旦体育变成了政治足球, 如果你愿意,你就会把这一切置于危险之中。
374	History gives us powerful reminders of just what sport can do.	历史有力地提醒我们,体育能够做些什么。
375	In 1954, West Germany won the FIFA World Cup.	1954年,西德获得国际足联世界杯冠军.
376	They call it the miracle of Bern.	他们称之为伯尔尼的奇迹.
377	It wasn't the government policy.	这不是政府的政策。
378	It wasn't propaganda.	这不是宣传
379	It was just football.	这只是足球。
380	That victory helped to restore dignity to a broken nation.	这一胜利有助于恢复一个崩溃的国家的尊严。
381	It helped to reintegrate Germany back into Europe and it helped the German people to start to believe in themselves again.	它帮助德国重新融入欧洲,帮助德国人民重新开始相信自己。
382	North Korea, one of the most isolated countries on the planet, have played at the FIFA World Cup.	朝鲜是全球最孤立的国家之一,曾在国际足联世界杯上出场.
383	They do.	没错
384	Their female youth teams are very successful in FIFA competitions.	他们的女青年队在国际足联的比赛中非常成功.
385	They play not because the world agreed with their politics,	不是因为世界同意他们的政治
386	but because sport created a rare and neutral space where people could come together.	但因为体育创造了一个难得的中立空间人们可以聚集在一起
387	In 1998 and 2022, Iran played at the FIFA World Cups.	1998年和2022年,伊朗参加了国际足联世界杯.
388	Two nations with profound political hostility.	两国政治敌对深重.
389	No violence, no chaos, no marchers on the streets.	没有暴力,没有混乱,没有游行者在街上。
390	In 1998, this was a powerful moment where the Iranian government told the players not to interact with the American players.	1998年,这是伊朗政府告诉玩家不要与美国玩家互动的有力时刻.
391	And what did they do?	他们做了什么?
392	At enormous personal risks themselves, the Iranian players gave white roses to the American players in front of the whole world as a symbol of solidarity,	在巨大的个人风险中,伊朗球员们将白玫瑰献给全世界面前的美国球员,作为团结的象征,
393	showing they did not agree with the regime.	表明他们不同意该政权。
394	So if we were to have banned Iran, we would have punished the players, not the Iranian government, but the Iranian players who openly were against that regime.	因此如果我们禁止伊朗,我们就会惩罚玩家,而不是伊朗政府,而是公开反对该政权的伊朗玩家.
395	Those same tensions, we were lucky in 2022 to play at the FIFA World Cup against Iran.	同样的紧张,我们在2022年幸运地参加了国际足联世界杯对阵伊朗的比赛.
396	There was loud calls then for Iran to be banned, not because the players had done anything wrong, but because the actions of the state.	当时有人大声呼吁禁止伊朗,不是因为玩家做错任何事,而是因为国家的行动.
397	And again, I say, if you ban Iran, you punish the players and not the Iranian government.	我再说一次,如果你禁止伊朗, 你惩罚玩家,而不是伊朗政府。
398	FIFA's job was not to judge Iranian politics.	国际足联的工作不是评判伊朗政治.
399	It was to recognize a national team, not a state.	而是承认一个国家队,而不是一个国家。
400	That distinction really matters.	这种区别确实很重要。
401	Governments change.	政府改变。
402	Democracies can be overturned.	民主政体是可以推翻的。
403	Regimes fall.	政权倒台.
404	These things happened, but not the national team, because that endures.	这些事情发生了,但不是国家队,因为那样会持久。
405	If sport starts treating national teams as extensions of governments, sport ceases to belong to the people.	如果体育开始将国家队视为政府的延伸,体育就不再属于人民。
406	Sport does not magically erase prejudice.	体育并不能神奇地消除偏见。
407	If it did, racism would not be the stain that it currently is in football, for example, on the pitch, online and in the stands.	如果确实如此,种族主义就不会是目前足球界的污点,例如在球场、网上和看台上。
408	We must be honest about this.	我们必须说实话。
409	But sport can disrupt hatred in ways that politics rarely can.	但是,体育能够以政治很少能够达到的方式破坏仇恨。
410	It can create emotional connections, emotional attachments that sits uncomfortably with prejudice and sometimes weakens that prejudice.	它可以产生情感联系,情感上的依恋,这种依恋与偏见坐在一起不愉快,有时也会削弱这种偏见.
411	When your hero wears your shirt, scores your goals, carries your hopes, they may not look like you,	当你的英雄穿着你的衬衫,打进你的球,带着你的希望, 他们可能不像你,
412	but something shifts within you, not always, but sometimes something small shifts when that person you can connect with.	但有些东西在你的内心中变化, 并非总如此, 但有时有些小的改变, 当你可以联系到的人。
413	These moments do not solve racism, but they humanize people in environments where abstractions hardens into hate.	这些时刻不能解决种族主义问题,但在抽象化成为仇恨的环境中,它们使人们变得人性化。
414	These moments are fragile, but they matter.	这些时刻是脆弱的,但它们很重要。
415	In Northern Ireland, figures like Barry McGuigan and the 1982 Northern Ireland World Cup team,	在北爱尔兰,像Barry McGuigan和1982年北爱尔兰世界杯队这样的人物,
416	they gave people moments where sectarian identity softened.	他们给人们一些教派身份被软化的时刻
417	Even briefly, those moments really mattered.	简而言之,这些时刻确实很重要。
418	They may not have solved the politics, but they certainly humanized it.	他们也许没有解决政治问题,但他们确实将政治人性化。
419	There is another deeper problem with politics in sport, one that is too frequently ignored.	还有另一个更深层次的体育政治问题,这个问题经常被忽视。
420	Politics, whether we like it or not, is a matter of interpretation.	政治,无论我们喜不喜欢,都是一个解释问题.
421	One person's freedom fighter is another person's terrorist.	一个人的自由战士是另一个人的恐怖分子.
422	One nation's active resistance is another nation's active aggression.	一个国家的积极抵抗是另一个国家的积极侵略.
423	When sporting bodies like ourselves are being asked which interpretation is correct, we are no longer governing bodies in sport.	当像我们这样的体育机构被问到哪些解释是正确的时,我们不再是体育领域的管理机构。
424	We are arbitrating global politics.	我们正在仲裁全球政治。
425	This is simply not a role that sports can perform.	这根本不是体育可以发挥的作用。
426	There would never be consensus.	决不会达成共识。
427	There would only be pressure, outrage and accusations of hypocrisy.	只有压力、愤怒和对伪善的指控。
428	And so the entire point of sporting neutrality is not to deny the world's conflicts, but to stand above them.	因此,体育中立的整个要点不是否认世界冲突,而是站在它们之上.
429	That principle matters, not just philosophically, but practically.	这一原则不仅在哲学上,而且在实践上都很重要。
430	One reason sport is trusted is because it's supposed to be fair.	运动被信任的一个原因是因为它应该是公平的.
431	The rules apply to everyone.	规则适用于每个人。
432	Referees are neutral.	被告是中立的。
433	Decisions are transparent, even when we disagree with them.	即便我们不同意,决定也是透明的。
434	Sadly, politics often teaches us the opposite lesson, that power bends rules, that influence matters, that consistency is optional.	可悲的是,政治常常给我们提供相反的教训,权力会弯曲规则,影响重要,一致性是可选的.
435	When politics enters sport too deeply, fans stop believing in fairness.	当政治进入运动太深时,球迷不再相信公平.
436	And once the belief goes, sport becomes just another battlefield.	一旦相信了体育就成了另一个战场
437	Sport has never been completely free from political influence.	体育从未完全不受政治影响。
438	International sport itself was born out of nationhood.	国际体育本身诞生于国家。
439	Flags, banners, anthems.	旗,旗,国歌.
440	They're built into our competitions.	他们已经融入我们的比赛
441	In England, as World War One commenced, Rugby Union stopped playing.	在英国,随着第一次世界大战的开始,橄榄球联盟停止了比赛.
442	They ceased playing to encourage enlistment, whereas association football continued playing to that first year.	他们停止踢球以鼓励入伍,而协会足球则继续踢到第一年。
443	Rugby Union was seen as patriotic football, less so morally questionable.	橄榄球联盟被视为爱国足球,在道德上不那么值得怀疑。
444	However, we saw in December 1914 how sport in all of its glory could look as English and German soldiers left down their weapons,	然而,我们在1914年12月看到, 体育在它的辉煌中如何看起来像英国和德国士兵留下的武器,
445	left their trenches and played the beauty of football together.	离开他们的战壕一起玩橄榄球的美
446	That was a moment that really mattered and was a very beautiful one, not because governments told them to do so,	这是一个真正重要的时刻, 是一个非常美丽的时刻, 不是因为政府告诉他们这样做,
447	but because humanity broke through where politics had failed.	但因为人类突破了政治失败之处
448	That moment still resonates right today because it shows us what sport can do when it is not weaponized.	今天,这一时刻仍然有共鸣,因为它向我们展示了体育在没有武器化的情况下能够做些什么。
449	The IOC or the likes of UEFA or FIFA cannot lead geopolitics.	国际奥委会或欧足联或国际足联的类似组织不能领导地缘政治.
450	They find themselves navigating situations beyond sports control.	他们发现自己在运动控制之外的情况。
451	This is very different to taking political positions proactively.	这与主动采取政治立场截然不同。
452	It is crisis management, not ideology.	这是危机管理,而不是意识形态。
453	There's an important distinction there.	这里有一个重要的区别。
454	These sporting bodies must not become mechanisms to account for exceptional events without turning themselves into permanent political adjudicators.	这些体育机构不能成为对特殊事件负责的机制,而不能成为常设的政治裁决者。
455	We can't do that.	我们不能这样做。
456	At the FAW, we live these tensions every day.	在海外妇女联合会,我们每天都生活在这种紧张之中。
457	Russia, Belarus, Israel, Palestine, attitudes towards equality, diversity, inclusion.	俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、以色列、巴勒斯坦,对平等、多样性、包容的态度。
458	We often have to answer where FIFA hosts their World Cups.	我们经常必须回答国际足联主办世界杯的地方.
459	Even our theme song, a Mao Heed, a celebration of Welsh culture and Welsh identity, has been hijacked by other political movements.	甚至我们的主题曲"毛海德",庆祝威尔士文化和威尔士身份,也被其他政治运动劫持.
460	These issues do not arrive on my desk neatly packaged.	我桌上没有这些问题的包装
461	They come into the consciousness of our fans, of our players, of our staff.	他们进入我们球迷、球员、工作人员的意识。
462	They often arrive fraught with emotion, publicly and often with no perfect answer for us.	他们经常充满情感, 公开,而且常常没有完美的答案给我们。
463	So how do we navigate them?	那么,我们如何导航他们?
464	By asking one simple question, is this political ideology or are they actually core values?	问一个简单的问题,是这种政治意识形态,还是它们实际上是核心价值?
465	FIFA statutes are clear.	国际足联章程明确.
466	Football must be free from political interference.	足球必须不受政治干涉。
467	That exists for a reason, because once governments or ideologies control our sport, sport no longer belongs to the people.	这是有原因的,因为一旦政府或意识形态控制了我们的体育,体育就不再属于人民。
468	Critics may say neutrality can reinforce the status quo.	批评者可能认为中立可以强化现状.
469	But as Desmond Tutu said, if you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor.	但是,正如德斯蒙德·图图所说,如果你在不公正的情况下保持中立,你就选择了压迫者的一方.
470	And this is where we are sometimes accused of taking political positions such as LGBTQ plus rights,	这也是我们有时被指控采取政治立场,如LGBTQ+权利,
471	such as racism, equality, diversity and inclusion, players welfare or fan safety.	例如种族主义、平等、多样性和包容、玩家福利或粉丝安全。
472	These are not partisan political positions.	这些不是党派的政治立场。
473	They're humanitarian principles.	他们是人道主义原则。
474	They are rooted in universal human rights, not party platforms.	它们植根于普遍人权,而不是政党纲领。
475	Protecting people from harm is not politics.	保护人民免受伤害不是政治。
476	Allowing people to participate is not ideology.	允许人们参与不是意识形态。
477	Sport does not take a political stance by defending human dignity.	体育不采取捍卫人的尊严的政治立场。
478	It fulfills its moral duty.	它履行其道德义务。
479	So let me be clear, keeping conventional politics and ideological agendas out of sport does not mean abandoning moral responsibility.	因此,让我明确指出,不让常规政治和意识形态议程参加体育运动并不意味着放弃道德责任。
480	It means refusing to let sport become a megaphone for partisan agendas while defending the human dignity and rights.	这意味着在捍卫人的尊严和权利的同时,拒绝让体育成为党派议程的扩音器。
481	This is not hypocrisy.	这不是虚伪。
482	This is principle.	这是原则。
483	Once sports takes political positions selectively, credibility collapses.	一旦体育有选择地采取政治立场,信誉就会崩溃。
484	Why speak here and not there?	为什么在这里说话而不是在那里?
485	Why speak now and not then?	为什么现在不说话?
486	Sporting bodies are not elected governments.	体育机构不是民选政府。
487	We do not have democratic mandates.	我们没有民主授权。
488	We cannot solve geopolitics and pretending otherwise damages trust.	我们不能解决地缘政治问题,不能假装破坏信任。
489	If every geopolitical conflict becomes a test case for sporting bodies, sports will collapse under the weight of expectation.	如果每个地缘政治冲突成为体育机构的试验案例,体育就会在期望的重压下崩溃。
490	Sporting organisations are not courts.	体育组织不是法院。
491	We are not foreign ministries.	我们不是外交部。
492	We do not have legitimacy or the competency to adjudicate every war, every occupation, every disputed border.	我们没有合法性,也没有权力裁定每场战争、每一次占领、每一有争议的边界。
493	Asking us to do so is not principled.	要求我们这样做是没有原则的。
494	It's unrealistic.	这是不现实的。
495	Sporting bodies must be disciplined about remaining apolitical, otherwise they become inconsistent and inconsistency will destroy trust.	体育机构必须在保持非政治性方面受到纪律约束,否则它们就变得不一致,不一致将破坏信任。
496	So what is the solution?	那么,什么是解决办法?
497	I would suggest this sport stays away from party politics, but cannot avoid moral responsibility.	我建议这个运动远离党政,
498	That means no endorsing political parties or electrical movements acting decisively when safety, equality or basic dignity and rights are at stake.	这意味着,在安全、平等或基本尊严和权利受到威胁时,不赞同政党或电力运动采取果断行动。
499	Using international frameworks, not emotional or commercial pressures.	利用国际框架,而不是情感或商业压力。
500	Being transparent about any decisions that are made and recognizing that sport can overcome many challenges, but not all.	透明地做出任何决定,并认识到体育能够克服许多挑战,但不是所有挑战。
501	In fact, I believe these principles should be clearly written into sporting body statutes and that the intention of sport is to remain apolitical while recognizing that extraordinary events may require proportionate, temporary responses.	事实上,我认为这些原则应明确写入体育章程,体育的意图是保持非政治性,同时认识到非常活动可能需要相称和临时的反应。
502	That is not weakness.	这不是软弱。
503	That is governance in the real world.	这就是现实世界的治理。
504	Complex, fast moving and emotionally attached charged things come at us.	复杂,快速移动和情感上附着充电的东西来到我们。
505	Sport will never be 100 percent free from political influence all of the time.	体育永远无法完全不受政治影响。
506	But we must resist turning it into a political tool.	但是,我们必须抵制把它变成政治工具。
507	Because when sport is captured by politics, it loses the very thing that makes it powerful.	因为当运动被政治抓住时, 它失去了它的力量。
508	Sports should remain the place where enemies can meet without fighting, where strangers can cheer together, where humanity occasionally outpaces ideology.	体育应该仍然是敌人可以不战斗地相遇的地方,陌生人可以一起欢呼,人类偶尔会比意识形态快.
509	As Mandela said, sport has the power to unite people in a way that little else does.	正如曼德拉所言,体育有能力以少之又少的方式团结人民。
510	And that's precisely why politics in its partisan divisive form should have no place in it.	而正因为如此,以党派分裂形式的政治不应该在其中占有一席之地.
511	Sport demands protection from politics where we meet first as human beings.	体育要求我们首先作为人类开会的地方免受政治的保护。
512	That is its healing superpower, not because it ignores the world, but because it refuses to mirror its divisions.	这就是它的愈合超能力,不是因为它无视世界,而是因为它拒绝反映其分裂。
513	Next, I would like to invite our secretary, Harry Albridge, to deliver a speech.	接下来,我请我们的秘书哈里·阿尔布里奇发言。
514	I would like to yield my chair to Marla Donovan, Treasurer-elect, Lincoln College.	我想把我的椅子交给玛拉·多诺万林肯学院当选财务主管
515	Good evening, everyone, and thank you, Madam President, for giving me the opportunity to speak this evening.	晚上好,各位,谢谢你,主席女士,给我机会在今晚发言。
516	This is an important motion because sport occupies a special and a unique place in national life.	这是一个重要动议,因为体育在国家生活中占有特殊和独特的地位。
517	Few things command the same attachment, the same emotional investment, the same loyalty as sports do.	很少有事情会像体育一样得到同样的依恋同样的情感投资同样的忠诚
518	Week after week, millions of people will go along to their football matches.	周而复始,数百万人将参加他们的足球比赛。
519	They'll follow their team with a unique level of devotion, a devotion that political parties could only ever dream of.	他们会以独特的奉献精神跟随他们的团队, 这种奉献精神是各政党所梦想的。
520	And it's precisely because sport matters so much that this motion matters, too,	正是因为运动很重要所以这个运动也很重要
521	because this motion asks us to decide whether the sport can truly be separated from the world around us.	因为这项动议要求我们决定这项运动是否能够真正与我们周围的世界分开。
522	It asks us to imagine that politics is something external, something that arrives from the outside and can be excluded if only we have the determination to do so.	它要求我们想象,政治是外部的东西,是来自外部的东西,只有我们有决心这样做,才能被排除在外.
523	But the difficulty with this motion is not simply that it would be difficult to implement.	但是,这项动议的困难不仅仅是难以执行。
524	The deeper problem is that it misunderstands what sport actually is.	更深层的问题是它误解了运动的本质。
525	The motion rests on a sort of comforting vision.	运动依赖于一种令人安慰的视觉。
526	The idea that sport can exist is a neutral refuge, a space untouched by the arguments and the division of public life.	体育可以存在的想法是一个中立的避难所,一个不受争论和公共生活分裂影响的空间.
527	It's an appealing vision.	这是一个吸引人的视觉。
528	Who wouldn't want sport to unite rather than divide?	谁不希望体育团结而不是分裂?
529	Who wouldn't want friendly competition to replace conflict?	谁不希望友好竞争取代冲突?
530	But appealing ideas are not always realistic ones because sport and politics are not separate worlds that occasionally collide with one another.	但吸引人的想法并不总是现实的,因为体育和政治并不是偶尔相互碰撞的独立世界。
531	They are fundamentally inseparable, not because activists force politics into sport, not because governments meddled with sport.	他们根本上是不可分割的,不是因为积极分子强迫政治进入体育,也不是因为政府插手体育。
532	The same countries, values and conflicts that shape our lives and shape our public life are the very same issues which shape the sporting world.	塑造我们生活和塑造我们公共生活的国家、价值观和冲突正是塑造体育世界的同样问题。
533	Athletes are citizens, teams represent nations, sporting institutions are funded, regulated and governed by public bodies and public decisions.	运动员是公民,代表国家的团队,体育机构由公共机构和公共决定提供资金、管理和管理。
534	Politics is not an intrusion into sport.	政治不是对体育的侵犯。
535	It is a reflection of the society sport belongs to.	这是社会体育的反映。
536	And if sport is part of society, then removing politics from sport is far from realistic.	如果体育是社会的一部分,那么从体育中去除政治就远非现实.
537	And once we recognize that simple fact, the entire premise of this motion begins to unravel.	一旦我们意识到这个简单的事实, 这个运动的整个前提开始崩溃。
538	Because how exactly would politics be removed?	因为怎样才能消除政治?
539	Would there be a sort of VAR review for political statements?	政治言论会接受VAR审查吗?
540	Would we remove public funding from sport, even when it builds the facilities that young athletes depend on?	我们是否会从体育中取消公共资金,即使它建造了年轻运动员依赖的设施?
541	Would we forbid governments from supporting major events, even when those events bring jobs and investment to communities?	我们是否禁止政府支持重大活动,即使这些活动为社区带来工作和投资?
542	Would we prohibit athletes from speaking about the circumstances that shape their lives and shape their careers too?	我们是否禁止运动员谈论决定其生活和事业的环境?
543	Or the most dangerous suggestion of all, would we simply pretend that politics has disappeared while it quietly continues on in the background?	或者说最危险的建议,我们是否只是假装政治已经消失,而政治却悄悄地在背景中继续?
544	The proposition promises you a clean separation, but they cannot tell us where the line would be drawn.	这个提议保证你们可以彻底分离,但他们不能告诉我们该如何划分界限。
545	And the reason they cannot tell us where the line would be drawn is because no such line exists.	他们不能告诉我们该线会划到哪里的原因是,不存在这种线。
546	Politics is already woven into sport at the most fundamental level.	政治已经在最根本的层面上融入体育。
547	Consider international competition, for example.	例如,考虑国际竞争。
548	Athletes do not simply compete as individuals, they compete as representatives of their countries.	运动员并不只是作为个人竞争,而是作为国家的代表竞争。
549	They wear national colours, they stand beneath national flags, they sing national anthems.	他们佩戴民族色彩,站在国旗下,唱国歌.
550	Their victories are described as national triumphs, their defeats as national disappointments.	他们的胜利被描述为民族胜利,他们的失败被描述为民族失望.
551	If sport were truly apolitical, why do we organise it along political lines?	如果体育是真正非政治性的,我们为什么要按照政治路线来组织它呢?
552	Why do we group athletes by assigning them to nations instead of randomly assigning them to teams?	为什么我们把运动员分配到国家而不是随机分配到球队来组队?
553	Why do medal tables rank countries as though sporting success were a measure of national achievement?	为什么奖牌榜上的国家排名似乎体育成功是衡量国家成就的尺度?
554	Why do governments celebrate sporting victories as moments of national pride?	政府为何庆祝体育胜利,
555	To remove politics from sport would require dismantling the system that defines it.	要将政治从体育中移除,就必须拆除界定政治的制度。
556	And even beyond international competition, that connection remains unavoidable.	甚至在国际竞争之外,这种联系仍然是不可避免的。
557	When a council decides to build a sports centre, that's a political decision.	当议会决定建设体育中心时,这是政治决定.
558	When the UK government decided to invest in the 2012 Olympic Games, that was a political decision.	当联合王国政府决定投资2012年奥运会时,这是一个政治决定。
559	When public money supports grassroots participation, that's a political decision.	当公共资金支持基层参与时,这是一个政治决定.
560	And now, when people argue that politics should be kept out of sport,	而现在,当人们争论政治应该避免运动,
561	they often point to moments where athletes or commentators express political views.	他们经常指向运动员或评论员表达政治观点的时刻.
562	For example, when Gary Lineker decides to comment on public issues.	例如,当Gary Lineker决定评论公共问题时.
563	Now, that idea sounds reasonable at first.	一开始这个想法听起来很合理
564	Many professions do have limits on political expression.	许多职业的确对政治表达有限制.
565	Teachers, for example, are forbidden from promoting political views in the classroom.	例如,禁止教师在课堂上宣传政治观点。
566	But sport is not the same kind of environment.	但体育不是那种环境。
567	Teachers are speaking to students in a position of authority.	教师们正与有权威地位的学生交谈。
568	Athletes and commentators, by contrast, are public figures speaking to a voluntary audience.	相比之下,运动员和评论家是向自愿听众说话的公共人物。
569	No one is required to follow a footballer on social media or to listen to a pundit's opinions.	任何人都不需要在社交媒体上跟随足球运动员,也不需要倾听知识分子的意见.
570	And athletes do not stop being citizens simply because they compete.	运动员不会因为竞争而停止做公民。
571	Allowing them to express views does not destroy sports' ability to unite people.	让他们表达观点不会破坏体育组织团结人民的能力.
572	Political expression has not stopped sport from bringing people together.	政治表达并没有阻止体育把人们聚集在一起。
573	The real question is whether we think athletes should have fewer rights to speak than other	真正的问题是,我们是否认为运动员的发言权应该比其他运动员少?
574	citizens simply because they are involved in sport.	公民只是因为他们参与体育运动。
575	Because keeping politics out of sport does not just regulate sport.	因为不让政治参与体育并不只是规范体育。
576	It restricts the athletes within it.	它限制了里面的运动员。
577	But there is an even deeper problem with this motion, which I think we're yet to identify.	但是这个动议还存在更深层的问题,我想我们尚未确定.
578	Because it assumes that politics in sport is something negative, something disruptive,	因为它假设运动中的政治是消极的, 破坏,
579	something that we don't want to see.	我们不想看到的东西
580	Yet history suggests something rather different.	然而,历史表明,情况相当不同。
581	Time and time again, sport has provided a platform through which societies have confronted	体育再次提供了一个社会面对的平台。
582	difficult issues and made progress.	困难的问题和取得的进展。
583	International sporting boycotts helped isolate apartheid South Africa,	国际体育抵制行动帮助南非孤立种族隔离,
584	demonstrating that peaceful pressure could be applied not only through diplomacy,	表明和平压力不仅可以通过外交手段施加,
585	but also through sport and cultural life.	但也通过体育和文化生活。
586	Few today would argue that we should have remained silent.	今天很少有人会争辩说我们应该保持沉默。
587	Few today would suggest that neutrality was the moral choice.	今天很少有人会认为中立是道德选择。
588	And that example reminds us of an important truth.	这个例子提醒我们一个重要的真理。
589	Sometimes the presence of politics in sport reflects the presence of injustice in society.	有时,政治在体育运动中的存在反映了社会上存在的不公正。
590	When inequality exists beyond the stadium, it will inevitably appear within it.	当体育场外存在不平等时,它必然会出现在体育场内。
591	And when this happens, the demand to keep politics out often amounts to a demand for silence.	而当这种情况发生时,要求不搞政治往往等于要求沉默。
592	This is why politics should be involved in sport.	这就是为什么政治应该参与体育。
593	It gives athletes and communities a chance to protest injustice, challenge oppression,	它让运动员和社区有机会抗议不公正,挑战压迫,
594	and draw attention to social issues which would otherwise go unnoticed.	并提请注意社会问题,否则这些问题就会被忽视。
595	From boycotts against apartheid to modern movements for racial and gender equality,	从抵制种族隔离到现代种族和两性平等运动,
596	sport becomes a stage of voices that might otherwise be ignored.	体育成为声音的舞台,否则可能会被忽视。
597	Removing politics from sport is not neutrality.	从体育中消除政治不是中立的。
598	It is silencing those who need to be heard most.	它正在压制那些最需要倾听的人。
599	And is often athletes themselves at the forefront of political and social progress.	运动员本身往往站在政治和社会进步的前沿。
600	Muhammad Ali refused to be drafted to fight in Vietnam.	穆罕默德·阿里拒绝应征参加越战.
601	Billie Jean King used a battle of sexes match in 1973 to fight for gender equality.	Billie Jean King在1973年用一场性别比赛来争取性别平等.
602	And John Carlos and Tommy Smith gave the black power salute in the 1968 Olympics,	约翰·卡洛斯和汤米·史密斯在1968年奥运会上向黑人力量致敬,
603	marking a key and decisive moment in the civil rights movement.	这是民权运动的关键和决定性的时刻。
604	They paid heavily for their acts of defiance and immersed themselves in controversy,	他们为自己的藐视行为付出了沉重的代价,他们争论不休,
605	but ultimately fought for something they believed in.	但最终为了他们相信的东西而斗争
606	A defiance of the status quo.	违抗现状.
607	A step forward in a battle for progress.	为进步而战的一步.
608	And yes, Felix, that is politics.	是的,费利克斯,这就是政治。
609	And they were only able to do this because of the inherently political and publicized nature of sport.	他们之所以能够这样做,只是因为体育本身具有政治性和公开性。
610	The proposition wants to strip sport of its role as a driver of social progress	提议要取消体育作为社会进步动力的作用
611	for the murky promise of neutrality.	为中立的模糊承诺。
612	Now, in this room, I want you to raise your hand if you've ever seen a game of sports,	现在,在这个房间里,我要你举起手如果你曾经见过运动比赛,
613	if you've ever been to a football stadium, any game of sport at all.	如果你去过足球场任何运动场
614	Keep your hand raised if you've yelled at a sports match, cheering for your team.	如果你在一场运动比赛上大喊大叫继续举手为球队欢呼
615	Keep them raised if you've made friends discussing sport,	如果你让朋友讨论运动,就让他们长大
616	met a stranger discussing sport as well.	也遇到一个陌生人在讨论运动
617	I would imagine most of you have.	我想你们大部分人都有
618	And I think that points to something important.	我认为这说明一些重要的事情。
619	That sport is one of the few institutions capable of bringing people together	体育是少数能把人们团结在一起的机构之一
620	across their social differences.	他们的社会差异。
621	It creates shared experiences, shared moments of triumph and disappointment,	它创造了共同的经验、共同的胜利和失望时刻,
622	which transcend religious, racial, economic and ideological lines.	超越宗教、种族、经济和意识形态界限。
623	When England won the 1966 World Cup, we celebrated as one,	当英格兰获得1966年世界杯冠军时我们一起庆祝
624	not as Tories, not as liberals, not as Christians,	不像托里斯也不是自由主义者也不是基督徒
625	not as people from different social backgrounds,	不是作为不同社会背景的人,
626	but as people who collectively wanted our team to succeed.	但作为集体希望团队成功的人
627	Sport allows citizens to connect with one another,	体育可以让公民互相联系,
628	to experience collective pride and to participate in the story of their nation.	体验集体自豪感,并参与他们国家的故事。
629	Because sport derives its meaning not from isolation, but from connection.	因为体育的意义不是来自孤立,而是来自连接。
630	A victory matters because of what it represents.	胜利之所以重要是因为胜利代表着什么
631	A team matters because of who they represent.	一个团队很重要因为他们代表谁。
632	A competition matters because people care about what is at stake.	竞争事关重大,因为人们关心利害关系。
633	Strip sport entirely of its social and political context,	完全脱离体育的社会和政治背景,
634	and it becomes little more than organized exercise.	而且它只是有组织的活动。
635	Politics in sport plays a vital role in nation building,	体育政治在国家建设中发挥着至关重要的作用;
636	in making people believe that their nation is something greater than themselves.	让人们相信他们的民族比自己更大
637	Proposition might criticize this as sort of nationalism,	提案可能会批评这种民族主义,
638	but national identity is essential in keeping a nation together,	但民族认同是团结国家的关键
639	in forming a common ground for people to cooperate with each other,	形成人民相互合作的共同点,
640	in giving people a sense of identity,	赋予人们一种认同感,
641	a sense of comfort that others are looking out for them,	一种安慰感其他人在照顾他们,
642	in strengthening social bonds beyond the boundaries of the playing field,	在加强超越竞技场界限的社会纽带方面,
643	regardless of their religion, race or class.	不论他们的宗教、种族或阶级。
644	Sport and politics may sometimes be uneasy companions,	体育和政治有时可能令人不快,
645	but they are inseparable.	但它们是不可分割的。
646	They share the same institutions, reflect the same values and evolve together.	它们具有同样的机构,反映了同样的价值观,并共同发展。
647	The question is not whether politics should enter sport.	问题不在于政治是否应该进入体育运动。
648	It already has.	已经是了
649	The question is whether we are willing to embrace that reality	问题是我们是否愿意接受这个现实
650	and use sport as a platform for justice and for protest when necessary.	必要时将体育作为正义和抗议的平台。
651	By acknowledging politics in sport,	通过承认体育政治,
652	we empower athletes in communities to challenge oppression,	我们赋予社区运动员挑战压迫的权力,
653	strengthen dialogue and build a shared national identity.	加强对话和建立共同的国家认同。
654	Politics in sports does not weaken competition.	体育运动中的政治并不削弱竞争。
655	It does not harm the game.	它不会伤害游戏。
656	It gives it meaning.	它赋予它意义。
657	It allows sports to reflect society honestly,	它让体育能诚实地反映社会
658	to inspire citizens and to bring people together across differences.	激励公民,使人民在分歧中团结起来。
659	I urge you to oppose this motion.	我敦促你反对这个动议。
660	Thank you.	谢谢
661	Next, I would like to invite the final speaker for side proposition.	接着,我请最后一位发言者提出附带建议。
662	Madam President, members of the House,	主席女士,各位议员,
663	a medal should reflect performance, not a passport.	勋章应反映表现,而不是护照。
664	A podium should reflect excellence, not alignment.	一个讲台应该反映优异的表现,而不是调整。
665	A tournament should reflect competition, not influence.	锦标赛应该反映竞争,而不是影响.
666	The former British Prime Minister, Harold Wilson, in 1960, he said,	1960年英国前首相哈罗德·威尔逊表示,
667	and I rephrase it with some variation and adoption,	我用一些修改和采纳来改写它,
668	24 hours is too long a time for democracy.	24小时对民主来说太长了。
669	By that standard, I think both politics and sport is a day's event.	按照这个标准,我认为政治和体育都是一天的活动。
670	I'm confused on opposition.	我对反对感到困惑
671	Can we take politics out of the sport or can we take sport out of the politics?	我们可以把政治从运动中取出来还是把运动从政治中取出来?
672	If the opposition is framing politicians as players, elections as games,	如果反对派把政客当成玩家,选举当作游戏,
673	voters as the pitch, democracy as the field, media commentary,	选民作为投手民主作为球场媒体评论
674	media as the bypass commentary, then by that standard,	媒体作为绕行评论,然后按照该标准,
675	I would say politics is the best form of sport.	我想说政治是最好的运动形式。
676	After the Franco-Pro-Asian war with the rising European nationalism,	随着欧洲民族主义的兴起,法亚战争爆发后,
677	what we saw that the origin of modern day Olympics was based by a historian,	我们所看到的现代奥运会的起源是一个历史学家,
678	by an educationist, by a philosopher.	一个教育家,一个哲学家。
679	The first Olympic games in 1896 in Athens with 14 nations, 241 athletes.	1896年雅典第一场奥运会,共有14个国家,241名运动员参赛.
680	For him, if nations must compete, they should compete on a field, not on a battlefield.	对于他来说,如果国家必须竞争,它们应该在战场上竞争,而不是在战场上竞争.
681	So rivalry was embedded, flags were raised, medals were counted,	于是竞争被嵌入,旗帜被升起,勋章被计数,
682	but the competition remained rule-bound and control had not yet overtaken merit.	但竞争仍然有章可循,控制权尚未超越优点。
683	The Olympism, a philosophy imbued by blending sport, culture and education,	奥林匹克主义,一种通过混合体育、文化和教育而形成的哲学,
684	it advocated the essential thing in life is to fight well, but not always to win.	它主张生命中最重要的事情是打得好,但并不总是赢。
685	So the genesis of sport has always been in neutrality,	所以运动的起源一直是中立的
686	not political leverage.	不是政治筹码。
687	Madam President, I rise to propose the motion before us tonight.	主席女士,我今晚要提出动议
688	I do not stand here as a professional athlete or a sports person,	我不是作为一个职业运动员或运动员站在这里,
689	nor as a political commentator and strategist,	也不是一个政治评论家和战略家,
690	but as a social entrepreneur and cognitive scientist.	但作为一个社会企业家和认知科学家。
691	I have spent my life studying institutions and how they rise,	我花了一辈子研究机构以及它们是如何崛起的
692	how they endure and how they collapse.	他们是如何忍受的,他们是如何崩溃的。
693	And one lesson stands above all.	一个教训是最重要的。
694	Institutions survive only when they remain trusted,	机构只有保持信任才能生存
695	they remain neutral and they are governed by the principle rather than power.	它们保持中立,受原则而不是权力的支配。
696	Sport is one such institution.	体育就是这样一个机构。
697	It is not merely a recreation.	这不仅仅是一种娱乐。
698	It is discipline, it is restraint, it is formation.	这是纪律,它是克制,它是阵型。
699	It teaches the same rule applies to everyone.	它教导同样的规则适用于每个人。
700	And in divided society, the outcome is revolutionary.	在分裂的社会里,结果是革命性的。
701	It is an equalizer.	这是一个平衡器。
702	It is about inclusion.	它涉及包容。
703	A stopwatch does not recognize religion.	守望台不承认宗教。
704	A goal does not count differently based on ethnicity.	一项目标不因族裔而异。
705	A referee does not consult an ideology.	裁判员不参考意识形态。
706	A scoreboard tells the same story and truth to everyone.	一个记分牌告诉每个人同样的故事和真相.
707	That is fairness, that is neutrality and that is why sport unites.	这是公平、中立,也是体育团结的原因。
708	Now let us be clear, we are not naive.	现在让我们说清楚,我们不是天真。
709	Sports has always reflected politics.	体育始终反映政治.
710	It carries flags, like my colleague said.	正如我同事所说,它带有旗帜。
711	It plays national anthem.	它演奏国歌.
712	It evokes national pride.	这引起了民族自豪感。
713	But reflection is not governance.	但反思不是治理。
714	The question before this house is not whether the politics exist in sport.	摆在我们面前的问题不是政治是否存在于体育领域。
715	The question is whether political power should govern competition and spirit of sport.	问题是,政治权力是否应该支配竞争和体育精神。
716	And history offers us caution.	历史让我们谨慎行事。
717	Politics did not kick down the door of sport.	政治并没有踢倒体育的大门。
718	It walked in gradually.	它逐渐走进来。
719	The modern sport developed alongside the empire.	现代运动与帝国同时发展.
720	By 1900, Britain controlled roughly 25% of the world land mass, nearly 400 million people.	到1900年,英国控制了大约25%的世界陆地群,近4亿人.
721	Football rules were codified in 1863.	足球规则于1863年编纂.
722	Cricket rules were defined by the Marlbone Cricket Club in 1788.	板球规则于1788年由马尔邦板球俱乐部定义.
723	Sport reflected imperial identity but it remained governed by the rule book, not the rulers.	体育反映了帝国主义的特性,但它仍然受规则的支配,而不是统治者。
724	That distinction matters because sport began as a cultural reflection of power,	这种区分很重要,因为体育从文化上反映权力开始,
725	not as an instrument of political punishment.	不是作为政治惩罚的工具。
726	When medals become geopolitical capital, merit becomes negotiable.	当奖章成为地缘政治资本时,功绩便可以谈判。
727	When merit becomes negotiable, the entire foundation of sport collapses.	当功绩可以谈判时,体育的整个基础就会崩溃。
728	The founding idea of sport was beautifully simple.	体育的创始思想非常简单。
729	If nations must compete, then let them do it with stopwatches instead of soldiers.	如果国家必须进行竞争,那么,就让它们用手表而不是士兵来这样做。
730	But history rarely cooperates with idolism.	但历史很少与偶像主义合作.
731	In 1960, the games were cancelled.	1960年,游戏取消.
732	First World Wars, 20 million people lost lives.	第一次世界大战,2000万人丧生.
733	And then politics escalated into war.	之后政治升级为战争.
734	And sport does not debate, it disappeared.	体育不会辩论,它消失了。
735	When Olympics returned in 1920, defeated nations were excluded and politics had entered quietly.	1920年奥运会复会时,战败国家被排除在外,政治悄悄进入.
736	In 1936, it was no longer quite the Berlin Olympics and the games became an ideological theatre.	1936年,它不再是相当的柏林奥运会,比赛成为意识形态剧场.
737	Sport was no longer just a competition, it was choreography, members of the house.	体育不再是一场比赛,而是舞蹈,是家庭的成员。
738	By 1968, sport stood the podium itself.	到1968年,体育站在讲台上。
739	By 1980, with the invasion of Afghanistan, 65 nations	到1980年,随着阿富汗的入侵,65个国家
740	boycotted the Moscow Olympics, affecting 7,000 athletes.	抵制莫斯科奥运会,影响7000名运动员.
741	The war continued anyway.	战争还在继续
742	In 1984, the retaliation happened in the LA Olympics.	1984年,报复事件在洛杉矶奥运会上发生.
743	Sport became a geopolitical choreography.	体育成为地缘政治舞蹈。
744	And by 2014, politicization evolved again, the Suchi Winter Olympics,	而到了2014年,政治化再次演变,苏奇冬奥会,
745	with 50 billion dollars an investment and we saw state implicating 1,000 athletes across	投资500亿美元州里有1000名运动员
746	the doping charges.	注射药费。
747	Some may argue that sport helped dismantle the South African apartheid,	有些人可能认为,体育有助于消除南非种族隔离,
748	where the charter of humanity was violated by the regime.	该政权违反了《人道宪章》。
749	And yes, sporting bands did apply pressure, but apartheid did not fall because of sport alone.	是的,体育乐队的确施压, 但种族隔离并不仅仅因为体育而垮台。
750	Sport mirrored a broader moral coalition.	体育反映了更广泛的道德联盟。
751	It did not independently dismantle the regime.	它没有独立地解散该政权。
752	And here is the danger.	危险在这里
753	If we turn one exceptional case into a general principle,	如果我们把一个例外情况变成一般原则,
754	we institutionalize politicization in sport.	我们把体育的政治化制度化。
755	Since I come from a cricketing nation,	我来自一个板球国家
756	the genesis and on the nexus of cricketing colonialism through capitalism,	以及板球殖民主义通过资本主义的起源和联系,
757	and here is when the balance sheet enters the stadium.	这是资产负债表进入体育场的时候
758	Cricket today is not just a game.	今天的板球不仅仅是一场游戏。
759	It is a civilization scale institution.	这是一个文明规模的机构。
760	The ICC itself describes nearly 2.5 billion audience for the game of cricket,	ICC本身描述近25亿观众参加板球比赛,
761	which is 30% of the humanity and one third of the global population.	占人类的30%,占全球人口的三分之一。
762	Independent Nielsen-backed research suggests 1 billion active cricket fans.	独立尼尔森支持的研究表明有10亿活跃的板球迷.
763	That scale matters.	这个比例很重要。
764	Sport of that magnitude cannot be treated as a private marketplace.	如此规模的体育不能被视为一个私人市场。
765	It has to be governed purely by commercial gravity of cricketing capitalism.	它必须受到板球资本主义的商业重力的支配。
766	Is it not a global public institution in everything but name?	它难道不是名副其实的全球公共机构吗?
767	Yet global cricket increasingly behaves like a concentrated market called crickonomics.	然而,全球板球的行为越来越像一个叫做板球学的集中市场。
768	This is not merely rewarding popularity.	这不仅是对受欢迎者的奖励。
769	It is a structural political dominance.	它是一种结构性政治统治。
770	When one market captures more than one third of the global income,	当一个市场占全球收入的三分之一以上时,
771	it does not simply sell tickets.	它不只是卖门票。
772	It begins shaping the theater.	它开始塑造剧院。
773	When one country holds the largest share of revenue,	当一个国家拥有最大的收入份额时,
774	the largest broadcast rights and occupies the head of the table,	最大的广播权占据了桌子的头,
775	the risk becomes clear.	风险变得很明显。
776	Cricket begins to resemble not a rule-based institution	板球开始像一个没有规则的机构
777	but an economy which, where influence flows from politics,	但经济, 在那里,影响力来自政治,
778	ideology influences the sport and money flows disproportionately,	意识形态对体育和资金流动的影响不成比例,
779	dismantling the equilibrium.	打破平衡。
780	This financial gravity does not remain domestic, it expands.	这种财政重心并不仍然是国内的,而是在扩大。
781	Same happened in England when ECB sold 49% stake in the eight franchises of the hundreds.	当欧洲央行在百家百货的八大特许经营权中出售了49%的股份时,英国也发生了同样的情况。
782	And the private investors, including the IPL-linked ownership groups,	以及私人投资者,包括与IPL有联系的所有权集团,
783	the objective may be financial stability but the structural consequence	目标可以是金融稳定,但结构后果
784	is integration with sports most powerful commercial network.	与体育最强大的商业网络融合
785	This is not just politics, political annexation, it is economic expansion.	这不仅仅是政治,政治兼并,而是经济扩张.
786	Economic expansion reshapes influence just as effectively as political control.	经济扩张与政治控制一样有效地改变了影响。
787	From the contemporary example of politics in play at sport, look at India.	从当代政治在体育比赛中的例子来看印度。
788	It does not just play cricket, it underwrites it.	它不只是玩板球,它支持它。
789	When one nation becomes the banker, the broadcaster, the investor,	当一个国家成为银行家广播商投资者
790	the power center at all, we must at least ask whether the pitch is still perfectly leveled.	我们至少要问一下投球是否完全平稳
791	Capitalism rewards scale, it rewards market size,	资本主义奖励尺度, 它奖励市场规模,
792	it rewards concentration when applied to a global institution,	它奖励集中当应用到全球机构,
793	it creates a political asymmetry.	它造成了政治不对称。
794	This is how politicization re-enters in the modern age.	这就是政治化在现代的再入。
795	It discovered the balance sheet.	它发现了资产负债表。
796	It wasn't always through flags, not always through bycourts, but through dependency.	它并不总是通过旗帜, 并不总是通过法院旁听, 而是通过依赖。
797	Members of the House, let me be clear, this motion is not about silencing athletes.	议员们,让我说清楚,这个动议不是要压制运动员。
798	A player kneeling is an individual conviction.	玩家跪下是个人定罪.
799	A government organizing bycourts is a political leverage.	政府组织旁听是政治筹码.
800	I defend the former, I resist the latter.	我为前者辩护,我反抗后者.
801	Because when governments dictate participation,	因为当政府决定参与,
802	athletes become instruments and sports become a currency.	运动员成为乐器,体育成为货币。
803	Politics distributes power, markets distribute capital,	政治分配权力市场分配资本
804	sports distributes honor based on performance.	体育根据成绩分配荣誉.
805	When power dictates performance, fairness dissolves.	当权力决定表现时,公平就会解体.
806	When capital dictates structure, neutrality weakens,	当资本支配结构,中立减弱,
807	and when neutrality weakens, trust erodes.	当中立减弱时,信任就会削弱。
808	Without trust, sport cannot unify.	没有信任,体育就不能统一。
809	In a world where trade is political, media is political, diplomacy is political,	在一个贸易为政治,媒体为政治,外交为政治,
810	sport remains the last global institution governed primarily by shared rules.	体育仍然是最后一个主要遵循共同规则的全球机构。
811	Her neutrality, her neutrality, her neutrality, her neutrality, her neutrality, her neutrality,	她的中立性她的中立性
812	Nationality is not naive.	国籍并非天真。
813	It is essential.	这一点至关重要。
814	Sports ability to unify across religion, ethnicity, class, gender, nationality depends entirely	不同宗教、族裔、阶级、性别、国籍的体育统一能力完全取决于
815	on the confidence on the integrity of sport.	对体育完整性的信心。
816	If politics become the referee, excellence becomes the ideology.	如果政治成为裁判,卓越就成为意识形态.
817	If markets become the rule book, merit becomes negotiable.	如果市场成为规则书,功绩便可以谈判。
818	And when merit becomes negotiable, universality disappears.	当功绩变得可以谈判时,普遍性就会消失。
819	We must protect neutrality, protect merit, protect the unifying power of sport.	我们必须保护中立、保护功绩、保护体育的统一力量。
820	At the end of the day, before we are citizens of nation, before we are members of party,	最终,在我们成为国民之前, 在成为党员之前,
821	before we are defined by flags, we are human.	在我们被旗帜定义之前我们是人类
822	We share the same breath before a penalty is taken.	在受罚前,我们有同样的呼吸。
823	We share the same silence before the last bowl is bowled.	在最后的碗被保龄之前,我们保持同样的沉默。
824	And we have the same surge of adrenaline when the tape is broken.	磁带破损时,我们也有同样的肾上腺素激增。
825	Our hearts do not beat in different languages.	我们的心不是用不同语言跳动的。
826	Our nerves do not recognize borders and hope does not carry a passport.	我们的神经不承认边界,希望没有护照。
827	In the suspended moment before victory or defeat, we are not ideologies.	在胜利或失败之前的暂停时刻,我们不是意识形态。
828	We are an effort.	我们是一个努力。
829	We are vulnerability.	我们是脆弱的。
830	We are an aspiration.	我们是一个愿望。
831	Different flags may rise, but the struggle to rise is the same.	不同的旗帜可能升起,但升起的斗争是一样的.
832	If there remains one global space where humanity can compete without hate,	如果还存在人类可以无恨地竞争的全球空间,
833	where rivals can fight without dehumanization and victory without vengeance,	竞争者可以战斗,没有非人性化,没有复仇的胜利,
834	that space is worth protecting.	空间值得保护
835	Madam President, members of the House, I beg to propose the motion.	主席女士,各位议员,我恳请提出动议。
836	Thank you all very much.	谢谢大家
837	Are there any speakers that want to speak for the motion?	是否有任何发言者想代表动议发言?
838	One second, Nicole.	等一下,尼科尔。
839	Just two more floor speeches if there are any in the audience.	如果观众有的话就再做两场演讲
840	But seeing none, I invite Nicole Wong to close side opposition.	但是没有,我邀请黄妮可关闭侧面的反对。
841	In October 2005,	2005年10月,农历十月.
842	Ivory Coast qualified for the World Cup in the first time in its history.	象牙海岸在其历史上首次获得世界杯参赛资格.
843	The nation embroiled in a devastating civil war erupted into celebration.	国家陷入一场毁灭性的内战,爆发了庆典。
844	Amidst the fierce roar of the crowd, star striker Didier Drogba took the microphone	在人群的激烈咆哮中,明星罢工者迪迪埃·德罗格巴拿走了麦克风
845	and said, we've proved today that all Aborigines can coexist and	并说,我们已经证明今天所有原住民可以共存,
846	play together with a shared aim, to qualify for the World Cup.	与共同的目标一起比赛,获得世界杯参赛资格.
847	Today, we beg you on our knees, please lay down your weapons and hold elections.	今天,我们恳求你跪下,请放下武器,举行选举。
848	Forgive, forgive, forgive.	原谅,原谅,原谅
849	After, this played repeatedly on television,	之后,这个在电视上反复播放,
850	etched into the mind of the Evorian consciousness.	刻在爱沃利安意识中
851	Months later, a ceasefire was signed.	几个月后,签署了停火协议。
852	A single team had stopped a war.	一支队伍阻止了一场战争。
853	Propositions claim that keeping politics out of sport unifies people is a mockery	提案声称,不让政治参与运动团结人民是一种嘲弄
854	of the human spirit.	人类的精神。
855	What is the spirit of sports if not its people?	如果没有人民,体育的精神是什么?
856	And what are its people if not for their convictions, identities, and struggles?	如果不是因为他们的信念、身份和斗争,那他们的人民又是什么?
857	Proposition claims that we are divisive, but	提案声称我们分裂,但
858	they're the ones stripping people of their humanity.	他们是剥除人性的人
859	I will prove three things in this speech.	我将在本次演讲中证明三件事。
860	First, sports cannot be neutral.	首先,体育不能是中立的。
861	Second, political sports is actually better for the fan and athlete to experience.	第二,政治运动实际上更有利于球迷和运动员体验.
862	Finally, I will show what is most important,	最后,我将展示最重要的,
863	that sports cannot be neutral because it is transformative.	体育不能是中立的,因为它是变革性的。
864	First, our proposition's idea that the spirit of sports should be natural and	首先,我们的建议是,体育精神应该是自然的,
865	unifying.	团结.
866	I reject the idea that sports can be neutral.	我反对体育可以保持中立的想法。
867	Sport is inherently political, because what does international sport look like?	体育本质上是政治性的,因为国际体育是什么样子的?
868	You play another country, waving your national flag,	你玩另一个国家,挥舞你的国旗,
869	wearing your national uniform.	穿着国家制服
870	When you win, your national anthem blares across the speakers.	当你赢了,你的国歌横跨扬声器。
871	Because for many, sport is ritualized war.	因为对许多人来说,体育是仪式化的战争。
872	Victory signifies superiority, and defeat is humiliation.	胜利意味着优越,失败就是耻辱。
873	There is no version of a match between Israel and Iran that is apolitical.	以色列和伊朗之间没有非政治性的对决。
874	Similarly, when your players win, they are beloved patriots.	同样,当你的球员赢了, 他们都是受人爱戴的爱国者。
875	Yet when they lose, they are disgusting traitors.	然而,当他们输了,他们是恶心的叛徒。
876	Mesut Ozil said it best, that when he won, he was a German.	梅苏特·奥齐尔(英语:Mesut Ozil)说得最好,当他获胜时,他是德国人.
877	Yet when he lost, he was a Turk.	然而,当他输了,他是一个土耳其人。
878	These are not things that we can magically stop if we keep politics out of sport.	如果我们不让政治参与运动,这些事情是无法神奇阻止的。
879	They are woven into the fabric of competition.	它们被编织成竞争的结构。
880	Instead, making sports apolitical means that we fail to balance the inherent	相反,使体育非政治性意味着我们无法平衡固有的
881	politics of sport.	体育政治。
882	Because let's define politics.	因为让我们定义政治。
883	It is just a euphemism for change.	这只是一种委婉的变革。
884	Even the most trivial and innocent changes were easily politicized.	甚至最微不足道和无辜的变化也很容易被政治化。
885	The push for more women's sport was seen as political.	推动更多的妇女运动被视为政治。
886	And so was the push towards more black coaches and	推动更多黑人教练和
887	quarterbacks in the NFL.	四分卫在NFL。
888	If we are ever dissatisfied with the status quo, we need to challenge it.	如果我们对现状感到不满,就需要挑战现状。
889	The implication here is that proposition's world is not neutral.	这里的含义是提议的世界不是中立的。
890	It is naive.	这是天真。
891	You cannot separate politics from sports.	你不能把政治与体育分开
892	You can only decide who is allowed to speak.	你只能决定谁可以发言。
893	More importantly, keeping politics out of sport gives power to people who use sport	更重要的是,让政治远离体育给使用体育的人权力
894	for ill without being able to call this out.	因为生病了,却又不能说出来
895	Powerful actors, like they say,	强大的演员,就像他们说,
896	have increasingly started to use sports as a way to mitigate reputation damage.	越来越多的人开始利用体育作为减轻名誉损害的手段。
897	Why?	为什么?
898	Because they understand its emotional power.	因为他们理解它的情感力量
899	Think about the ownership of famous football clubs.	考虑一下著名足球俱乐部的所有权.
900	Saudi Arabia with Newcastle United or the UAE with Manchester City.	沙特阿拉伯与纽卡斯尔联合或阿联酋与曼彻斯特市.
901	When PSG won the Champions League wearing Qatar Airways across their chests,	当PSG赢得冠军联盟时穿着卡塔尔航空公司的胸罩
902	fans reveled in glory, forgetting the exploitation of millions of women and	粉丝在荣耀中荣耀, 忘记剥削数百万女人和
903	migrant workers.	移徙工人。
904	Or that states with dubious human rights records have hosted major sporting events	或有可疑人权记录的国家举办大型体育活动
905	to launder their public image.	清洗他们的公众形象。
906	The Sochi Winter Olympics and Saudi Arabian F1 Grand Prix,	索契冬奥会和沙特阿拉伯F1大奖赛,
907	just to name a few.	说说而已
908	When cameras turn towards the pitch, they turn away from the prisons.	当摄像头转向投球场时,他们就会离开监狱.
909	We need to be allowed to speak out against this to force people to remember.	我们需要被允许大声疾呼,迫使人们记住这一点。
910	Because allowing politics is allowing Lewis Hamilton to condemn LGBTQ laws in	因为允许政治让刘易斯·汉密尔顿谴责LGBTQ法律
911	Saudi Arabia and express his unwillingness to race in a dangerous state.	沙特阿拉伯和表示不愿意在危险状态下进行比赛.
912	Keeping politics away from sports is not just banning political gestures in game.	让政治远离体育不仅仅是在游戏中禁止政治姿态。
913	It is sacking commentators who speak out against political issues and	是解雇评论员公开反对政治问题
914	banning sports players about speaking in political interviews.	禁止体育选手在政治采访中演讲.
915	This creates a culture of silence and	这创造了一种沉默的文化
916	hostility that only benefits the privileged.	敌意只会使特权者受益。
917	This is hardly neutrality.	这不是中立
918	And so ultimately, proposition promises unity through silence.	最终,提议通过沉默保证团结。
919	But unity built on suppression is not unity.	但建立在镇压之上的团结不是团结。
920	Because a sport can move us to tears, to pride, even hope.	因为运动可以让我们流泪骄傲甚至希望
921	It should also move us to justice.	它还应使我们伸张正义。
922	Now let's confront the idea that politics and sports ruins the fan experience.	现在,让我们正视政治和体育破坏粉丝体验的想法.
923	Response one, this is not true.	答复一,这不是真的。
924	Many fans do care about political issues, and	许多球迷关心政治问题,
925	silencing politics ruins their experience.	沉默的政治破坏了他们的经验。
926	When Kyrie Irving wears pro-Palestine jewelry and un-shirts, or	Kyrie Irving穿着亲巴勒斯坦的首饰和无衬衫时,
927	when Neil Williamson talks about female discrimination in sports.	当尼尔·威廉森(英语:Neil Williamson)谈到体育运动中女性歧视时.
928	Fans who face the same struggle be represented through the idols.	面对同样斗争的粉丝通过偶像代表.
929	And I am the only woman in this debate.	我是这场辩论的唯一女性。
930	This debate is about me.	这次辩论是关于我的。
931	But more importantly, response two, keeping politics in sports is worse for	但更重要的是,第二反应, 保持政治运动是更糟糕的
932	athletes as it silences their identity.	运动员们都默不作声
933	Athletes are not objects for our entertainment.	运动员不是我们娱乐的对象
934	Just recently, Ukrainian athlete Vladislav Heruskevich was disqualified for	就在最近,乌克兰运动员弗拉迪斯拉夫·赫鲁斯凯维奇被取消资格
935	the Winter Olympics.	冬季奥运会
936	What did he do?	他做了什麽?
937	He simply wore a helmet with photos of fellow Ukrainian athletes who had died in	他只是戴着头盔上面有乌克兰运动员的照片
938	the war.	战争
939	He showed, on the international stage,	他展示,在国际舞台上,
940	the grief of families who have buried their children, and	埋葬子女家庭的悲痛,以及
941	the reminder that silence would bury them twice.	提醒说沉默会埋葬他们两次
942	On the rules against political messaging,	关于反对政治信息的规则,
943	even that simple act of remembrance was deemed unacceptable.	甚至这种简单的纪念行为也被认为是不可接受的。
944	Vladislav is human too.	弗拉迪斯拉夫也是人类
945	You cannot ask athletes to leave their humanity in the locker room.	你不能要求运动员把他们的人性留在更衣室。
946	You cannot demand their bodies on the field, but deny their voices of it.	你不能要求他们的身体在野外,但否认他们的声音。
947	Response three, even if you believe it is slightly worse for the fan experience,	回答三,即使你相信这对粉丝的体验更糟糕
948	I ask you to ask proposition, at what cost?	我问你要问提议,要多少钱?
949	Because if it comes at the expense of the cauterization of the human soul, or	因为如果它牺牲了人类灵魂的烧灼,
950	the forgotten deaths of millions suffering at the hands of oppression,	在压迫下被遗忘的数百万人的死亡,
951	I'd wager that it isn't worth it.	我敢打赌,这不值得。
952	But even if proposition were right, this leads me to the final part of my speech.	但是,即使命题是正确的,这让我想到我发言的最后部分。
953	Even if politics could somehow be extracted from sport, why would we want to?	即使政治可以在某种程度上从体育中汲取出来,我们为什么要这样做?
954	Because sport is not really political by accident.	因为体育并不是偶然的政治性的。
955	It is politically powerful by design.	它通过设计在政治上是强大的。
956	Why?	为什么?
957	One, sport commands attention in a way that parliaments never will.	其一,体育得到人们的注意,而议会永远不会注意到。
958	It reaches people who will never read policy papers.	它惠及那些永远不会阅读政策文件的人。
959	In this sense, it is a uniquely powerful platform for	在这个意义上,它是一个独特的强大平台
960	change because sports transcend party lines.	改变是因为运动超越了党的界限。
961	Stadiums are one of the last places where class,	体育场是最后的一个地方阶级,
962	race, and ideology gather in the same space.	种族,意识形态聚集在同一空间。
963	It also redistributes voice.	也可以重新分配语音.
964	Genetics and talent are randomly distributed, and	遗传学和人才随机分布,
965	so we hear voices who would otherwise never have a platform.	因此,我们听到的声音谁否则永远不会有一个平台。
966	Let's look at India, like cricket, as Prop says.	让我们看看印度, 像板球,如Prop所说。
967	Some of the most famous cricketers are Sikh or Muslim.	一些最著名的板球运动员是锡克教或穆斯林.
968	Harbhajan Singh, Mohammed Shami, Zaheer Khan, just to name a few.	哈布哈詹·辛格,穆罕默德·沙米,扎希尔汗,仅举几个例子.
969	And so when racial minorities become cult-like revered figures in a deeply	所以当少数种族成为邪教一样受人尊敬的人物
970	religiously tense country, prejudice becomes harder to sustain.	宗教紧张的国家,偏见越来越难以维持。
971	And when these sports players speak about their disenfranchisement, and	当这些运动员谈到他们被剥夺权利时,
972	their struggles, and their hopes, people listen.	他们的斗争和他们的希望, 人们听。
973	After Mohammed Salah signed for	穆罕默德·萨拉赫签署
974	Liverpool, tweets from Liverpool fans, islamophobic ones, fell significantly.	利物浦,利物浦粉丝的微博,仇视伊斯兰者,大幅下降.
975	And hate crimes in the region dropped.	该地区的仇恨犯罪减少。
976	This is measurable change.	这是可衡量的变化。
977	It is not just empty symbolism.	这不仅仅是空洞的象征。
978	But two, sport can achieve important political outcomes on a policy level.	但第二,体育可以在政策层面取得重要的政治成果。
979	These sporting boycotts on apartheid South Africa were a very effective	南非对种族隔离的体育抵制非常有效。
980	pressure tool on the state.	压力工具对状态。
981	It internationally isolated them.	它在国际上孤立他们。
982	It highlighted the nature of apartheid's cruelty and uniqueness, and	它强调了种族隔离的残酷性和独特性,
983	put internal pressure on the government to succeed, to concede.	给政府施加内部压力,让政府成功,让步.
984	And so all this meant that you got more political change, more tangible outcomes,	所以这一切意味着你得到了更多的政治变革, 更具体的结果,
985	less suffering from the millions of people who die under the hands of the regime.	在政权统治下死去的数百万人民的痛苦减少。
986	And the inverse is true.	而反之则真.
987	The uniquely human and	独特的人类和人类
988	common nature of sport makes it a political olive branch.	运动的共性使它成为政治橄榄枝.
989	Consider ping pong diplomacy in the 1970s, where a simple table tennis exchange	想想1970年代的乒乓外交简单的乒乓球交流
990	between American and Chinese players thawed decades of Cold War hostility.	美国和中国玩家之间解冻几十年的冷战敌意。
991	This paved the way for Nixon's visit to Beijing.	这为尼克松访问北京铺平了道路.
992	A paddle on a net succeeded where formal diplomacy had failed.	在正式外交失败的情况下,在网络上划桨成功。
993	When Pyeongchang hosted the Olympics in 2018,	2018年平昌主办奥运时,
994	North and South Korea marched together and fielded a joint women's ice hockey team.	南北韩携手进军,出战女子冰球联合队.
995	This was not empty theater.	这不是空的剧院。
996	It led to renewed diplomatic negotiations and military de-escalation.	这导致外交谈判的恢复和军事缓和。
997	The average North Korean and South Korean felt its impact.	朝鲜人和南朝鲜人平均感受到其影响.
998	None of this happens in propositions world.	这一切都没有发生在命题世界。
999	If you silo sport from politics, you amputate diplomacy's most flexible	如果你把运动从政治中分离出来, 你截肢外交最灵活
1000	human tools.	人类工具。
1001	So what have I proven to you?	我向你证明了什么?
1002	It's very simple.	很简单
1003	Not only is that sports cannot be neutral, but more importantly,	不仅体育不能中立更重要的是
1004	it should not be neutral.	它不应该是中立的。
1005	This catalyzes the most important human change that we see in society.	这催化了我们在社会中看到的最重要的人类变化。
1006	And so I conclude with this, why do we care about sport?	最后,为什么我们关心运动?
1007	Sport matters not because of the score or the tactics.	体育不是因为得分或战术而重要。
1008	We care about sport because it is one of the few things that can make heroes out	我们关心运动,因为它是少数能让英雄出来的东西之一
1009	of ordinary men and women.	男人和女人一样
1010	And so I ask you, what makes a hero?	所以我问你,什么是英雄?
1011	A hero is one who stands up for what is right by putting themselves on the line.	英雄是站在线上捍卫正确事物的人
1012	It's one who protects the innocent.	是名护净者.
1013	It's one who does what they think is correct.	是人作其以为正者.
1014	It makes no sense to keep politics out of sport, to keep the most decisive and	让政治脱离运动保持最果断的
1015	intimate struggles of our species away from the very celebration of our greatness.	我们人类的亲密斗争远离我们伟大的庆典
1016	It's people who are all of us.	是诸众生.
1017	People who have race struggles, class struggles, gender struggles,	有种族斗争,阶级斗争,性别斗争的人,
1018	all the people who are not represented in ordinary society.	在普通社会中没有代表的所有人。
1019	As we should not trade the fire of civilization for	我们不应该用文明的火来换取
1020	the cold sterile peace that this proposition would have you take.	冷漠无果的和平这个提议会得到你。
1021	Thank you.	谢谢
1022	With that, I close our debate for week six.	因此,我结束我们六周的辩论。
1023	Just a reminder to stay seated while the guest speakers and	只是提醒一下,在客场演讲时请坐
1024	the dinner guests make their way out, and a reminder to vote as you leave.	晚餐宾客们走出去提醒大家在离开时投票
1025	Thank you very much for coming.	非常感谢你们能来

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