【牛津辩论】大英帝国的太阳，是否永远不该落下？

发布于 2026-03-23 · 时长 1:36:18

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:13	Mr. President, my Lords, ladies and gentlemen, most distinguished members of the House, it	总统先生,阁下,女士们,先生们,最杰出的议员们,
0:20	is with a profound sense of shared inheritance that I stand before you today, not to chant	今天我站在你们面前的是深厚的共同继承感而不是高呼
0:28	the tired litanies of guilt and grievance, but to recognise the unyielding truth written	罪孽累累怨愤累累但还是要承认写着的不屈服的真相
0:36	into the very soil of history that made us all.	进入了历史的土壤成为了我们所有人
0:42	I do not speak as a romantic, nor as a moralist clutching guilt like a rosary, but as one	我不是说浪漫也不是说道德主义者像玫瑰一样抓住内疚
0:50	who recognises that empire is the inevitable architect of the modern world.	他们承认帝国是现代世界不可避免的建筑师。
0:58	I rise in proposition of the motion.	我提出动议
1:01	This House believes that the sun should never have set on the British Empire.	本院认为,太阳不应该落在大英帝国身上.
1:08	Somewhere in each ancestry of you all is conquest or submission, dominion or defiance.	你们每一个祖先的某处都是征服或屈服、统治或藐视。
1:18	Empire is not an aberration in human history.	帝国不是人类历史上的错。

展开字幕全文（1297 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Mr. President, my Lords, ladies and gentlemen, most distinguished members of the House, it	总统先生,阁下,女士们,先生们,最杰出的议员们,
2	is with a profound sense of shared inheritance that I stand before you today, not to chant	今天我站在你们面前的是深厚的共同继承感而不是高呼
3	the tired litanies of guilt and grievance, but to recognise the unyielding truth written	罪孽累累怨愤累累但还是要承认写着的不屈服的真相
4	into the very soil of history that made us all.	进入了历史的土壤成为了我们所有人
5	I do not speak as a romantic, nor as a moralist clutching guilt like a rosary, but as one	我不是说浪漫也不是说道德主义者像玫瑰一样抓住内疚
6	who recognises that empire is the inevitable architect of the modern world.	他们承认帝国是现代世界不可避免的建筑师。
7	I rise in proposition of the motion.	我提出动议
8	This House believes that the sun should never have set on the British Empire.	本院认为,太阳不应该落在大英帝国身上.
9	Somewhere in each ancestry of you all is conquest or submission, dominion or defiance.	你们每一个祖先的某处都是征服或屈服、统治或藐视。
10	Empire is not an aberration in human history.	帝国不是人类历史上的错。
11	It is the cement that has bound the stones of civilisation into form.	正是水泥将文明的石头捆绑成形。
12	We have since mistaken the collapse of this stone for progress and its rubble for equality	我们从此把石碑的倒塌和石碑的瓦砾误认为是进步
13	By the plain record of history, by reason rather than resentment, it becomes clear that	从历史的简单记录来看,通过理性而不是怨恨,显然
14	the final setting of the British imperial sun was not the toppling of a tyrant, but	英国帝国太阳的末日并不是暴君所为
15	the last setting moment of a cement connecting the world.	水泥连接世界的最后时刻
16	But before I proceed, it is my pleasure to pause that we may tip our hats to President	但是,在我开始之前,我很高兴停下来, 我们可以把帽子给总统。
17	Musa Haraj, whose Michaelmas term card is nothing short of a triumph, a gathering of	Musa Haraj, 他的迈克尔马斯名词牌只不过是一个胜利,
18	minds so various and so distinguished that any Mughal emperor would have envied his court.	莫卧儿皇帝会羡慕他的宫廷
19	He kept the prow steady, dodging the Union's near death, invoking democracy's triumphant	他保持了平稳躲过了联邦的死亡引用了民主的胜利
20	ballot – as we know, death is no laughing matter – proving that Belial can still mint	投票 — — 正如我们所知,死亡不是笑柄 — — 证明Belial仍然可以薄荷
21	Prime Ministers, minus the mop, the mendaciousness and the marooned voters.	总理,减去拖把, 虚伪和被废黜的选民。
22	The sun should certainly never set on President Haraj.	太阳当然不应该落在哈拉伊总统身上。
23	Furthermore, it falls on me to introduce Ms Zahra Saeed, who will open the case for the	此外,我还要介绍扎赫拉·赛义德女士,她将就此案为
24	opposition this evening.	今晚反对
25	Ms Saeed is reading computer science and philosophy at Belial College.	Saeed女士正在Belial学院读计算机科学和哲学。
26	When not buried in algorithms, she is the familiar face of the Oxford University Conservative	没有被算法埋没她就是牛津大学保守党的熟悉面孔
27	Association.	协会.
28	She brings to our debate the clarity of a logician and the conviction of a campaigner.	她给我们的辩论带来了逻辑学家的清晰度和竞选者的信念。
29	Perhaps she does not believe in this empire, but when it comes to colonising the societies	也许她不相信这个帝国但当涉及到殖民社会的时候
30	of Oxford, she does not shy away.	在牛津,她不会害羞。
31	下一个是Dheerj Kumar先生
32	Kumar or rather D.K., as he is known, also described to me as Drift King, is reading	Kumar或者说D. K. 也被称为"漂流王"
33	a defil in applied mathematics and specialises in economics.	应用数学和经济学专业的解析。
34	A keen reader and born of Indian heritage, D.K.	敏锐的读者,生于印度传统,D.K.
35	describes that he is more comfortable	说他比较舒服
36	with maths formulas than with the English language, which he despises, making his decision	数学公式而不是英语他鄙视英语做出他的决定
37	to give a speech at the Oxford Union an act of either great bravery or deep confusion.	在牛津联盟发表演讲要么是伟大的勇敢要么是深刻的困惑
38	Our next speaker in opposition is the Honourable Marama Davidson, co-leader of New Zealand's	我们的下一位反对者是新西兰联合领导人、尊敬的Marama Davidson。
39	Green Party since 2018.	2018年起参加绿党.
40	She entered parliament in 2015 as an MP, championing Maori rights, environmentalism and decolonisation.	她于2015年以议员身份进入议会,倡导毛利人权利、环境主义和非殖民化。
41	In other words, the full contemporary catechism.	换句话说,完整的当代天主教.
42	She has stood for women's safety, for indigenous voices and for the good health of the planet	她代表着妇女的安全代表着土著的声音也代表着地球的健康
43	itself, yet in raising Maori voices above colonial noise, one cannot ignore those same	但是,在使毛利人的声音高于殖民地的噪音时,人们不能忽视这些声音。
44	signs traced back to clashes with peaceful Moriori, proving no nation was born without	迹象可追溯到与和平的莫里奥里的冲突,证明没有国家诞生,
45	conquest.	征服
46	The only question is what is built thereafter.	唯一的问题就是以后会建造什么。
47	Six children, two ministerial portfolios and an electorate that never stops arguing.	六名儿童,两个部长职位和一个从未停止辩论的选民。
48	She has juggled all three with rather admirable serenity.	她以相当令人钦佩的宁静将三者混为一谈
49	We are delighted to have her with us this evening.	我们很高兴她今晚能来
50	Completing the opposition's case is the distinguished Dr Donald Brash, who will oppose the motion.	杰出的唐纳德·布拉什博士将反对这项动议,他完成了反对党的案子。
51	A banker, an economist, a member of parliament and twice a party leader.	一名银行家,一名经济学家,一名议员和两次党领袖.
52	For over a decade he ran the Reserve Bank.	十几年来他经营储备银行
53	Tonight he brings to our debate the eye of an historian and the steadiness of a man who	今晚他给我们的争论带来了历史学家的眼光以及一个男人的毅力
54	has managed both the markets and the men who make them, and women less so.	既管理市场,管理男子,管理妇女。
55	Dr Brash comes to us from New Zealand, where a land where the sun rises first, the sheep	布拉什博士从新西兰来到我们这里在那里太阳首先升起的地方绵羊
56	outnumber the voters, and the flag still carries a quarter of the Union Jack, proof that even	超过选民人数,国旗上还挂着四分之一的联盟杰克,证明甚至
57	at the far edge of the world the connection holds, though not, it seems, for him.	在遥远的世界边缘, 联系虽然没有, 似乎,对他来说。
58	He will speak in opposition to the motion.	他将发言反对动议。
59	Please welcome Dr Donald Brash.	欢迎唐纳德·布拉什博士
60	President Haraj, these are your speakers and they are most welcome.	哈拉伊总统,这是你的演讲者,他们非常受欢迎。
61	And so, with our brief time already waning, let us turn to the question before us.	因此,随着我们短暂时间的减少,让我们来谈谈我们面前的问题。
62	What it meant that the sun once rose and ruled in British skies.	它意味着太阳曾经升起统治英国的天空
63	And what manner of light it yet casts upon our own age.	以及它对我们这个时代的光线
64	For the sun has set, but it is twilight that reveals who bears a torch of their own.	因为太阳已经落下,但暮光照亮了谁带着自己的火炬。
65	What have the Romans ever done for us?	罗马人为我们做了什么?
66	Apart from the sanitation, the medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, the	除了卫生,医药,教育,葡萄酒,公共秩序,灌溉,道路,
67	fresh water system and public health, what has Rome ever done for us?	淡水系统和公共卫生罗马为我们做了什么?
68	This immortal line from Monty Python distills with classic irony the monumental weight of	这不朽的线从蒙蒂·皮森蒸馏经典讽刺巨大的重量
69	Roman rule's contribution to what was then known as Britannia.	罗马统治对当时被称为不列颠的贡献.
70	Indeed, when the Roman legions withdrew their banners in Britannia around 410 A.D., there	事实上,当罗马军团在公元410年左右撤回了在不列颠的旗帜时,
71	was a 1400 year hiatus in the construction of sewers, not resumed until the Victorian	在下水道的建造中中断了1400年直到维多利亚河才恢复
72	era.	时代。
73	The fashionable view of our day paints the British Empire as a machine of plunder and	我们这个时代的时尚风光把大英帝国描绘成掠夺机器
74	its former subjects as the bruised children of history, their every failure a relic of	曾经的臣民是历史上的伤痕累累的子民他们的失败
75	some ancestral wrong.	一些祖传错误。
76	This is the common thread in the creed of post-colonialism, this instinct to infantilise	这是后殖民主义信条中的共通线这种幼稚的本能
77	countries by insisting that the world is rigged against them and that their only protection	要求世界对他们进行操纵,并保护他们
78	is allegiance to the left.	效忠于左边。
79	Nevertheless, my view is another.	然而,我的看法是另一种。
80	Let us take Tanzania, where Samia Sulu-Hussein has just rigged and bludgeoned her way to	让我们把坦桑尼亚,在那里,萨米亚苏鲁-侯赛因刚刚操纵和打击她的方式
81	victory in a fraudulent election, or Cameroon, where the world's oldest head of state, Paul	喀麦隆是世界上最年长的国家元首保罗
82	Beer, was re-elected last month at the age of 92, no less than 43 years in power.	啤酒,上月当选连任,享年92岁,执政不少于43年.
83	It is not conservatism that infantilises ex-colonies, it is progressivism that does, and then sells	不是保守主义幼稚的前殖民者, 是进步主义做,然后卖
84	this infantilisation as liberation.	这种婴儿化作为解放。
85	As an historian at Christchurch who has studied the British Empire and its intellectual forebears,	作为克赖斯特彻奇历史学家他研究了大英帝国及其知识分子的前身
86	I would argue in an essay that this question is wrong.	我想在一篇论文中说这个问题是错误的。
87	The sun rises and sets by God's hand, not man's motion.	太阳升起并靠上帝的手落下,而不是人的运动.
88	No empire has ever held back the dusk.	没有哪个帝国能阻挡黄昏
89	Babylon burned, Rome broke, Byzantium lay buried beneath its own gold.	巴比伦被焚毁,罗马解体,拜占庭被埋在自己的黄金之下.
90	The question then is not that the sun should set, but why the world stares so fiercely	那么问题不在于太阳应该落下, 而是为什么世界如此凶猛地凝视着
91	at this one sunset, to the point of scorching its own sight.	在夕阳的这一刻, 达到烧焦自己视线的程度。
92	For there have been others, older, bloodier, less apologetic.	因为还有其他人,年长,更血腥,更不沉闷.
93	But the British Empire was the last major world empire.	但大英帝国是最后一个世界大帝国.
94	Most uniquely, every empire before it fell to sword, schism or starvation.	最独特的是,每一个帝国在它跌落到剑,分裂或饥饿之前。
95	The British were signed away by fountain pens.	英国人被喷泉笔签走.
96	Its institutions remained intact throughout decolonisation.	其机构在整个非殖民化期间都完好无损。
97	In the words of Niall Ferguson, it was an empire dismantled under duress, not decay.	用尼尔·弗格森的话来说,这是一个在胁迫下被摧毁的帝国,而不是衰败.
98	The only empire ever given up with its political culture surviving its territorial end, wound	唯一一个以政治文化为生的帝国
99	down by clerks in Whitehall.	由白厅的职员负责
100	The largest empire in history which had conquered by steel and by sail was the only one to fold	历史上最大的帝国被钢铁和帆船征服是唯一可以折叠的帝国
101	itself by statute.	根据法规,
102	Its ships came home, its flag was lowered, but its laws, language and habits remained.	其舰艇返航,旗舰降级,但其法律,语言和习惯依然存在.
103	The British bequeathed not just vast territory, but the institutional architecture capable	英国人不仅继承了广阔的领土而且还继承了体制架构
104	of sustaining modernity.	保持现代化。
105	Parliaments, ports, post and property.	议会、港口、邮政和财产。
106	That I think is the wound.	我认为是伤口。
107	The empire is blamed not for what it took, but for what it left behind.	帝国不为所取,而为所遗.
108	It was in the end the last empire because it was the first to complete its mission.	它最后是最后一个帝国,因为它是第一个完成任务的帝国.
109	The sun, Mr. President, has set, but it has set on a world drawn to one scale, and still	主席先生,太阳已经落下,但它已经落到一个规模的世界上,而且仍然
110	unwittingly it moves by British time.	不知不觉地,它被英国时代所移动.
111	Thank you.	谢谢
112	I thank the Member for her speech.	我感谢安理会成员的发言。
113	I now look to Zahra Sayeed, the Member of the Secretary's Committee, to open the case	我现在期待秘书委员会成员扎赫拉·赛义德开始审理此案。
114	for side opposition.	对方反对。
115	Good evening, my Lords, Ladies and Gentlemen.	晚上好,大人,女士们,先生们
116	Thank you for joining us here today, and thank you, Mr. President, for kindly giving me the	主席先生,感谢你今天同我们一起出席会议,并感谢你慷慨地给我
117	opportunity to speak in tonight's debate.	有机会在今晚的辩论中发言
118	This motion is not about whether we think the empire was good for Britain or the world	这个动议不是说帝国对英国还是世界都有好处
119	hundreds of years ago.	数百年前
120	This motion asks, would the empire be good if it existed today?	这个动议问,如果今天存在,帝国会好起来吗?
121	The answer is clear.	答案是明确的。
122	It would be infeasible.	这将是不可行的。
123	It would be a disaster.	这将是一场灾难。
124	Here in Britain, we would face economic strain and governance challenges, a millstone around	在英国,我们将面临经济压力和治理挑战,这是一块磨石
125	our neck.	我们的脖子。
126	Across the globe, it would flare fury, fuel famine and foster frustration.	在全球范围,它将引发愤怒,助长饥荒,并造成挫折感。
127	Both Britain and the world are better off without the empire.	没有帝国,英国和世界都更美好
128	But before we expand on this, the honour falls upon me to introduce the speakers of the proposition.	但在我们进一步阐述这个问题之前,我荣幸地向大家介绍这项提议。
129	You have just heard from Miss Olivia Knight-Catalinet of Christchurch and Chief Curator here at	你刚刚听说了克里斯蒂奇的奥利维亚·奈特 -卡塔利内特小姐和首席监制
130	the Union.	联盟。
131	Reading history, she says that she views the word progress as a threat.	阅读历史,她说她把进步一词视为一种威胁.
132	I can't imagine why.	我无法想象为什么。
133	Well, with the ferocity with which she has just argued for side proposition, one begins	有了她刚刚为副命题争吵的凶猛开始
134	to suspect what her main motive really is.	怀疑她的主要动机是什么
135	Like some other people in this chamber, it is to annex the Oxford Union for herself.	与本会议厅中的其他一些人一样,这是为自己吞并牛津联盟。
136	Next, you shall hear from Mr Henry Nicholls of Lady Margaret Hall, one of our lovely press	接下来是玛格丽特·霍尔夫人的亨利·尼科尔斯先生我们可爱的媒体之一
137	officers.	警官们
138	Now, Lady Margaret Hall has a slightly complicated relationship with this university.	现在,玛格丽特·霍尔夫人与这所大学的关系略为复杂.
139	It's less a college, as the name suggests, and more a loyal colony of the grander ones.	更是壮族的忠诚殖民地
140	Perhaps that is why he feels so passionately about empire, because he actually lives under one.	也许这就是为什么他对帝国如此热情, 因为他实际上生活在一个之下。
141	But he is also captain of a football team, and I'm told that he is actually missing	但他也是足球队队长我听说他失踪了
142	a crew date in order to come and debate here tonight.	今晚来参加辩论
143	But he hasn't had much luck winning in football, and hopefully not much luck today either.	但他在足球比赛中没有多少运气,希望今天也没有多少运气.
144	And after a loss to St Hilda's, with not even a full team, it seems to me that he should	在失去圣希尔达后连一支完整的球队都没有
145	focus on winning in football, rather than trying to win over colonies.	专注于在足球中获胜,而不是试图战胜殖民地.
146	Then you shall hear from Mr Richard Ashworth.	那你得听理查德·阿什沃斯先生的话
147	Mr Ashworth was a member of the European Parliament.	Ashworth先生是欧洲议会成员。
148	He was at first a Conservative, later jumping ship to change UK, but he still didn't make	他起初是保守党人,后来跳船去改变英国,但是他仍然没有做到
149	it back to Brussels, losing the European Parliamentary election in 2019.	它回到了布鲁塞尔,在2019年欧洲议会选举中失利.
150	So if there's anyone who has truly mastered the art of being dethroned, like the British	所以,如果有谁真正掌握了被解冻的艺术,像英国人
151	Empire, it's him.	帝国,是他。
152	Finally, you shall hear from Mr Ben Habib.	最后,将听取本·哈比卜先生的发言。
153	Mr Habib was co-deputy leader of Reform UK, though why he's actually arguing for Britain	哈比卜先生是英国改革党的副领袖,
154	to regain an empire is slightly less clear when he could barely control his own party.	当他几乎无法控制自己的政党时,恢复一个帝国就不那么清楚了。
155	He was, after all, forced out, rather like Britain was from its colonies.	他毕竟是被迫离开的,就像英国来自它的殖民地一样.
156	He went on to found Advance UK, but as it's clear from the name, all he really wants to	他继续寻找Advance UK, 但从名字上看,他真正想要的
157	do is advance his own career.	做是推进自己的事业。
158	But despite the website of Advance UK bragging that it's the 7th largest party in the UK,	但尽管英国进步组织的网站吹嘘它是英国第七大党,
159	he needn't worry, for he is nowhere close to governing this country, let alone an empire.	他不必担心,因为他离治理这个国家不远,更不用说帝国了.
160	But despite all that, thank you for taking the time to come and speak to us today.	但是,尽管如此,谢谢你抽出时间今天与我们交谈。
161	Mr President, these are your speakers, and they are most welcome.	主席先生,这是你的发言者,他们非常受欢迎。
162	The empire was expensive, a burden too heavy to bear after the Second World War, especially	帝国很昂贵, 二战后负担太重
163	when taxpayers were already feeling the strain.	当纳税人已经感受到压力的时候
164	We were broke, bombed, and borrowing billions from the United States.	我们破产了,被轰炸了,并向美国借款数十亿。
165	It was clearly not the time to go around shopping for new countries.	现在显然不是为新国家购物的时候。
166	Being at the mercy of a former colony is hardly a position in which one can continue on an	任由前殖民地摆布,很难继续维持
167	empire.	帝国
168	With the government in the red and wrestling to recover from the ruins of the war, how	与政府在红色和摔跤从战争的废墟中恢复,如何
169	could we have maintained the empire when we didn't even have the resources to maintain	我们能维持帝国吗?
170	our own nation?	我们自己的国家?
171	The empire would have been nothing more than a hole in all of our pockets.	帝国只是我们所有口袋中的一个洞
172	We would have to have pulled precious resources away from where they were needed the most,	我们不得不把宝贵的资源调离最需要它们的地方,
173	recovering over here.	恢复到这里。
174	Every pound spent on controlling colonies would have been a pound stolen from rebuilding	用来控制殖民地的每一磅钱都会是重建过程中偷来的一磅钱
175	London, from feeding the people of Manchester.	伦敦,从给曼彻斯特人民喂食。
176	We needed schools, houses, and hospitals, not governors, generals, and grand offices	我们需要学校、房屋和医院,而不是省长、将军和大办公室
177	abroad.	在国外。
178	Would it really have been right to pour money into a crumbling empire when our own country	当我们自己的国家把钱倒进崩溃的帝国里是否真的是对的
179	lay in rubble, to keep up a realm abroad whilst our own people queued for Russian food?	埋在瓦砾中,在我们的人民排队寻找俄罗斯食物的同时维持一个海外王国?
180	In fact, if there had been no Great Britain, how could we have had a British empire?	事实上,如果没有大不列颠,我们怎么能有一个大英帝国呢?
181	But even if we could afford an empire, could we even actually have kept up governing one?	但是,即使我们有能力负担一个帝国, 我们甚至可以一直控制一个帝国吗?
182	Because it's not just about whether the British Empire would benefit Britain, it's	因为不光是大英帝国是否会让英国受益
183	about whether the British Empire would benefit the world.	大英帝国是否会为世界带来好处
184	And let's be honest here, these days we can hardly govern our own country.	老实说,现在我们几乎无法管理自己的国家。
185	We can't build a railway from London to Birmingham without spiralling costs and endless	我们无法建造一条从伦敦到伯明翰的铁路没有螺旋上升的成本和无休止
186	delays, never mind build transport from one colony to the next.	延迟,不要介意建造运输从一个殖民地到下一个殖民地。
187	Our politicians can't even agree on how to fund the NHS, let alone on how to run	我们的政客甚至不能同意如何资助NHS, 更不用说如何运行
188	India.	印地语。
189	We can't even fill potholes here.	我们甚至不能填满这里的坑洞。
190	I mean, every local election seems to be about	我的意思是,每次地方选举似乎都是为了
191	potholes.	坑洞s.
192	There's no chance we're able to be rule abroad.	我们不可能在国外统治
193	If the sun hadn't have set on the British Empire, we would have been burnt out.	如果太阳没有落到大英帝国,我们就会被烧死.
194	If we could barely manage the colonies then, what makes you think we'd be able to manage	如果我们几乎不能管理殖民地那么,是什么让你认为我们能够管理
195	it now?	现在?
196	How could we advocate for an empire today in good conscience when we couldn't	我们怎能在今天以诚意倡导一个帝国呢?
197	even manage the empire before?	甚至以前管理过帝国?
198	And that failure had human consequences.	这种失败造成了人类的后果。
199	Not even a hundred years ago, in 1943, the empire was directly responsible for the Bengal	一百年前的1943年帝国对孟加拉人负有直接责任
200	famine.	饥荒。
201	The terror of starvation was in the eyes of children.	饥饿的恐怖在儿童眼中。
202	Whole families had to live	整个家庭必须生活
203	with their stomachs half empty.	他们的胃半空。
204	People were forced to loot in search of food, whilst others	人们被迫抢掠寻找食物,而其他人则被迫抢掠。
205	collapsed on the side of a road, dying in the very city they thought would help them.	死在他们以为会帮助他们的城市里
206	The empire was responsible for malnutrition.	帝国对营养不良负有责任。
207	The empire was responsible for disease.	帝国对疾病负有责任。
208	The	那个
209	empire they defend was responsible, in only just this one instance alone, for three million	他们所捍卫的帝国只为三百万人负责
210	deaths.	死伤。
211	How could we possibly advocate for an empire today when the people who suffered the	今天我们怎么能拥护一个帝国当那些受苦受难的人
212	most are the people it claimed to protect?	大部分是它声称要保护的人?
213	Resistance would be inevitable.	抵抗是不可避免的。
214	And the lament	和哀叹
215	would not remain local for long.	它不会长期留在当地。
216	In the age of social media and digital news, every scandal,	在社交媒体和数字新闻的时代每一次丑闻
217	every failure, every injustice would reach the masses within minutes.	每一次失败,每一次不公正都会在几分钟内到达大众。
218	Dissatisfaction would spread.	不满情绪会蔓延。
219	Protests would ignite.	抗议会点燃。
220	And when that happens, the world will	当它发生,世界会
221	be watching.	看着
222	In such an age, no empire could hide its mistakes.	在这样一个时代,没有哪个帝国可以掩盖自己的错误.
223	It would tarnish Britain	这会玷污英国
224	to have an empire in this day and age.	在这个时代有一个帝国。
225	It would all be destined to come crashing down like a house	这一切注定会像房子一样坠落
226	of cards.	纸牌。
227	People argue that Britain lost power when it lost the empire.	人们争论说,英国在失去帝国时失去了权力.
228	But this couldn't be	但是这不可能
229	further from the truth.	离事实更远
230	Whilst the empire did have some positive effects on the colonies,	虽然帝国确实对殖民地产生了一些积极的影响,
231	I mean in India, for instance, bringing the English language meant that tribes that couldn't	比如说在印度带来英语意味着那些不能
232	communicate with one another now had a common language.	互相交流现在有共同的语言。
233	But we now live in an age of soft power,	但我们现在生活在一个软实力的时代,
234	a world where British ideas, culture, and values travel further than the empire ever did.	一个英国思想、文化和价值观比帝国更深入的世界。
235	It is better for Britain and better for the whole world that our strength be felt not through	对英国和整个世界来说,我们的力量不是通过
236	the British Empire.	大英帝国
237	May it never arise again.	愿它永远不再出现.
238	Thank you.	谢谢
239	I thank the Member for her speech.	我感谢安理会成员的发言。
240	I now look to Henry Nicholls, Lady Margaret Hall,	我现在仰望亨利·尼科尔斯玛格丽特·霍尔夫人
241	to continue the case for side proposition.	继续做副提议
242	Thank you, Mr. President.	谢谢你,总统先生。
243	And thank you once	谢谢你
244	again for giving me the honour to speak on such a meaningful motion concerning a subject whose	再次表示,我荣幸地就这样一个有意义的动议发言。
245	history can be so closely tied to this institution and our university.	历史可以如此紧密地与这个机构和我们的大学联系在一起。
246	Now, straight away,	现在,马上走
247	let's address what many of you are probably thinking right now.	让我们谈谈你们中许多人现在可能在想什么。
248	What a surprise.	真是个惊喜
249	We're	我们是
250	seeing another posh, white, public schoolboy who has been asked to speak to defend the empire,	看到另一个白白的公共的男生谁被要求说话捍卫帝国,
251	probably defending his ancestor's legacy, trying to whitewash history once again,	可能是为了捍卫祖先的遗产试图再次洗刷历史
252	something I'm sure this Chamber has seen many times before.	我敢肯定,这个会议厅见过很多次了。
253	But no, I'm not here, Mr. President,	但我不在这里,总统先生
254	to condone or even to ignore atrocities committed by the empire's colonisers across the globe.	宽恕甚至无视帝国殖民者在全球各地犯下的暴行。
255	I'm not here to argue that the ends justify the means.	我不是来争辩目的为手段辩护的
256	我不是来保卫Settle Road的
257	racist exploitation, nor Captain Cook's ruthless ambition.	也是库克队长无情的野心
258	But this motion is not a poll concerning	但是这个动议不是关于
259	whether we condone all of the actions of the empire, nor is it a motion concerning the	我们是否容忍帝国的一切行动,也不是关于
260	empire's morality.	帝国道德.
261	It is asking us to consider whether the world it left behind is better off	它要求我们考虑它留下的世界是否更好
262	without it and what role such an empire would take in today's world.	没有它,这个帝国将扮演什么角色在当今世界。
263	I believe in this motion	我相信这个动议
264	for three reasons.	有三个原因。
265	Firstly, for the reasons that you've largely heard already, the empire	首先,基于你已经听说的原因,帝国
266	led to the spread of the trade networks, language and legal framework that have enabled the	导致贸易网络、语言和法律框架的扩大,使这些网络、语言和法律框架得以实现。
267	globalisation that we have today.	今天的全球化。
268	Secondly, that in today's world, given the current geopolitical	第二,鉴于当今世界的地缘政治,
269	climate, an international union between the likes of the UK, India, Pakistan and Canada would	英国、印度、巴基斯坦和加拿大等国之间的一个国际联盟
270	lead to an increased level of global stability and security.	导致全球稳定与安全水平的提高。
271	And finally, that the sun setting	最后,太阳落下
272	on the British empire did lead to destruction and devastation, leaving behind some of the world's	在大英帝国的统治下造成了破坏和毁灭留下了世界的一部分
273	most fraught relationships.	最充满感情的关系。
274	But would this be the case if the empire hadn't ended?	但如果帝国没有灭亡,情况会是这样吗?
275	Firstly,	首先,我们...
276	it is vitally important to recognise what the empire produced across the globe, without which	必须认识到帝国在全球生产的东西,没有这些东西,
277	the world would be materially worse off today.	今天的世界将更加糟糕。
278	The British empire created the world's first truly	大英帝国创造了世界上第一个真正
279	global trade network, weaving together trading hubs across the globe involving nearly 100 cities	全球贸易网络,将全球各地的贸易中心连成一体,涉及近100个城市
280	in South America and numerous established settlements in India and Australasia.	分布于南美洲以及印度和澳洲众多已建定居点.
281	At its	A. 其时
282	and iron came from Britain and her colonies.	铁来自英国和她的殖民地
283	That economic engine powered the industrial age	经济引擎为工业时代提供了动力
284	and still drives the modern world.	仍然在推动着现代世界
285	The English common law system is still used by around 80	英国的普通法体系仍然被大约80种
286	jurisdictions, including major legal hubs such as Singapore.	管辖权,包括新加坡等主要法律中心。
287	The infrastructure built by the empire	帝国建造的基础设施
288	was utterly unparalleled for its time, with projects such as the Indian railway network of	与印度铁路网等项目相比,
289	66,000 kilometres of track and the Ganges canal that irrigated more than one and a half million	66,000公里的轨道和恒河渠灌溉超过150万条
290	acres of land still playing key roles today.	这片土地今天仍然在发挥关键的作用。
291	To completely ignore these developments would be a	完全无视这些事态发展将会是
292	mistake.	错误
293	However, this is not the main reason why you should vote in favour of this motion.	然而,这不是你对这项动议投赞成票的主要原因。
294	In today's geopolitical climate, the world is being dominated by two competing empires,	在今天的地缘政治气候下,世界被两个相互竞争的帝国所支配,
295	with both America and China seeking to establish a global hegemony.	美国和中国都试图建立全球霸权。
296	We have seen international	我们已经看到国际
297	organisations such as NATO and the International Criminal Courts be consistently undermined	北约和国际刑事法院等组织不断受到破坏
298	by an array of leaders who have prioritised national interest over the collective.	将国家利益置于集体利益之上的各种领导人。
299	This	这个
300	has left nations that are absolutely essential to global security and economic deals for the sake of	使那些对于全球安全和经济交易绝对必要的国家,
301	could look like today as a way to combat these issues.	今天可能看起来是解决这些问题的一种方式。
302	An economic union focused on prosperity,	一个专注于繁荣的经济联盟,
303	peace and potential, uniting many of the world's most influential nations.	和平与潜力,使世界上许多最有影响力的国家团结起来。
304	Imagine the UK,	想象一下英国,
305	Canada, India, Pakistan, Egypt, Australia, Qatar and others united to achieve these common goals.	加拿大、印度、巴基斯坦、埃及、澳大利亚、卡塔尔和其他国家联合起来实现这些共同目标。
306	The fragmented lack of world order that we have today certainly would not be present in the same	我们今天所存在的零散的世界秩序的缺乏,肯定不会存在于同样的情况下。
307	way.	就是这样
308	I am not imagining a returned colonial rule.	我没有想象回到殖民统治。
309	What I am imagining is a re-energised network,	我想象的是一个重新激活的网络,
310	a voluntary union of equals, something more ambitious than today's Commonwealth,	一个平等的自愿联盟, 比今天的联邦更雄心勃勃,
311	a partnership, not a tyranny possessing a culture of harassment, fear and intimidation.	而不是拥有骚扰、恐惧和恐吓文化的暴政。
312	Such a union	这样的结合
313	would surely trump the isolationism that we are seeing become increasingly prevalent,	必定战胜我们所看到的日益盛行的孤立主义,
314	as such conglomerates would surely have diplomatic sway to be able to avoid any potential issue.	因为这些集团肯定有外交上的摇摆,可以避免任何潜在的问题。
315	The empire's collapse may not have caused these problems, but its presence could certainly have	帝国的崩溃可能没有引起这些问题,但是它的存在肯定可以造成
316	averted them, allowing these nations to collaborate without requiring the involvement of other	避免了它们,允许这些国家在不需要其他国家参与的情况下进行合作。
317	volatile nations whose foreign policy are at the mercy of the whims of erratic oligarchs.	动荡不安的国家的外交政策受无常寡头的随意支配。
318	This is the reason why I believe so strongly in favour of this motion.	因此,我强烈赞成这项动议。
319	The sunsets prevented	夕阳被阻止
320	and denied us of a Britain that did not have to rely upon European or American partners,	并否认我们拥有一个不需要依赖欧洲或美国伙伴的英国,
321	but instead could stand alongside nations that worked together for centuries previously.	却可以和几个世纪前合作的国家站在一起。
322	Finally, let us not forget the impact that the sun setting on the empire has had around the world.	最后,让我们不要忘记太阳对帝国在世界各地的影响。
323	Leaving unions never fares particularly well.	离开工会的情况并不特别好。
324	Myanmar became a military dictatorship,	缅甸成为军事独裁者,
325	Uganda saw Idi Amin, Zimbabwe had Mugabe, Nigeria descended into the Biafran civil war,	乌干达看到伊迪·阿明津巴布韦让穆加贝尼日利亚陷入比亚夫兰内战
326	killing over a million, and no one needs a reminder of what has happened with partition.	并且没有人需要提醒分治发生了什么
327	Again, I am not condoning in any way the atrocities done by the British empire,	同样,我绝不容忍大英帝国的暴行,
328	but the disasters I have listed may not have happened had the sun never set on the British	但是,我列出的灾难可能没有发生如果太阳没有落到英国人身上
329	empire.	帝国
330	This is not to say that being a part of the empire was what was best for any of these	这并不是说,作为帝国的一部分才是最好的
331	nations.	国家。
332	I am simply suggesting that these atrocities themselves may have been avoided	我只是表示,这些暴行本身可能已经避免了
333	had the sun never set.	太阳没有落下。
334	To conclude, I urge you all to consider these arguments and to vote in favour	最后,我敦促各位考虑这些论点并投赞成票。
335	of the motion.	动议。
336	To vote in favour is not to condone any of the horrific acts committed by the empire,	投票支持是不会容忍帝国犯下的任何可怕行为,
337	it is instead to take a pragmatic approach given today's geopolitical climate and to see the ways	相反,鉴于今天的地缘政治气候,应该采取务实的做法,并找出办法。
338	in which a union that would resemble today's Commonwealth but would involve far greater	在其中,一个类似于今天的联邦,但涉及更大范围的联盟
339	economic and diplomatic collaboration would benefit every former colony as a collective.	经济和外交合作将有益于每一个前殖民地作为一个集体。
340	I am glad that the sun has set on the empire's oppression, arrogance and racism, but a reimagined	我很高兴太阳落下帝国的压迫、傲慢和种族主义,
341	version, one of voluntary union and mutual strength, could be precisely the stabilising	自愿结合和相互力量的版本可能是稳定
342	force our fractured world needs today.	迫使我们分裂的世界需要今天。
343	Thank you.	谢谢
344	I now look to the urge Member	我现在期待会员国的敦促。
345	or Secretary's Committee from New College to continue the case for side opposition.	或来自新学院的秘书委员会继续为侧面反对派辩护
346	Amazing speech Henry, am I too loud?	很棒的演讲 Henry 我是不是太大声了?
347	Yeah, I was told that the sun never sets on the British	是啊,我被告知太阳从来没有落到英国人身上
348	Empire, perhaps because even the God couldn't figure out a single time zone where the British	帝国,也许因为连上帝也找不到一个英国人
349	never looted.	从来没有洗劫。
350	But ladies and gentlemen, from the perspective of those who lived under the sun	但女士们先生们从那些生活在太阳下的人的角度来看
351	like myself, it was little like the gentle warm of dawn and more like being roasted	就像我一样,就像黎明的温暖更像是被烤熟
352	alive at the high noon.	高午时生.
353	Now, before we dive into the so-called glories of the British Empire,	在进入大英帝国的所谓荣耀之前
354	allow me to express my deepest sympathies to the proposition bench led by Mr. Henry Nichols	请允许我对亨利·尼科尔斯先生主持的提议表示最深切的同情。
355	and Olivia Knight-Catalinet.	还有奥利维亚·奈特·卡塔利内特
356	It took me an hour to learn your name or as she likes to go by	我花了一小时才知道你的名字或者她喜欢去
357	OKC (英语).
358	So you're studying intellectual history.	所以你在研究知识史
359	Funny, right?	很有趣,对吧?
360	Because she spends her days	因为她过日子
361	examining the mistakes of the past, yet here she's defending the worst mistake of all time.	检查过去的错误, 但她在这里捍卫有史以来最严重的错误。
362	Henry,	亨利,你好吗?
363	of course, he's a cricket player.	当然,他是一个板球运动员。
364	Lovely.	可爱
365	It means he spends his life swinging for the boundary,	这意味着他一生都在争夺边界
366	missing most of the time and hoping that the history doesn't notice.	并且希望历史不会注意到
367	The last time he tried to score a big in the Oxford Union elections, let's just say it ended	上次他试图在牛津联盟的选举中得分大, 就当是结束了
368	disastrous, just like the British Empire.	灾难性的,就像大英帝国。
369	Together, they promised to convince us that the British	他们一起答应让我们相信英国人
370	Empire was a gift to humanity.	帝国是对人类的礼物
371	It's like saying Thanos loved Avengers.	就像说塔诺斯爱复仇者
372	My gosh.	天呐
373	But in the spirit	不过在精神上
374	of fair debate, I'm going to indulge them.	公平辩论,我要放纵他们
375	I will talk about all the gifts that the British Empire	我会谈大英帝国的一切礼物
376	has generally gave us.	通常都给了我们
377	Gifts that we, of course, have improved on, perfected and sometimes	当然,我们改进、完善和有时
378	mercifully corrected.	慈悲改正.
379	You know, they say that when life gives you lemonade,	你知道,他们说当生活给你柠檬水,
380	make when life gives you lemon, make a lemonade out of it.	当生命给你柠檬, 做柠檬水出来。
381	The British gave us tea and we made	英国人给我们茶,我们做了
382	a chai out of it.	开个玩笑
383	They gave us cricket.	他们给了我们板球。
384	We built a better team.	我们建立了一个更好的团队。
385	Come on, Henry, admit it.	亨利,承认吧
386	We got a	我们得到了一个
387	team.	团队。
388	Yeah.	对
389	The last time England lifted a World Cup, half their team was drafted in IPL.	英格兰最后一次举起世界杯,他们的球队有一半在IPL被征召.
390	You're welcome.	不用谢
391	They gave us the English language and we used it to write The God of Small Things,	他们给了我们英语我们用它来写《小事之神》
392	Midnight Children and Why Am I Arguing With You Right Now.	午夜的孩子和为什么我和你争论现在。
393	Meanwhile, they're still figuring out	同时,他们还在想
394	what prepone means.	这是什么意思?
395	Now, they also say that they built railways.	现在,他们也说他们建造了铁路.
396	Yes, they built, but to transport	是的,他们建造,但运输
397	lutes, troops and cotton.	卢特斯,军队和棉花。
398	But today, those same railways carry 23 million Indians on a daily basis.	但今天,这些铁路每天运送2 300万印度人。
399	So in the end, they left us trains and we left them standing on the platform of history.	最后,他们把我们的火车留在了历史平台上。
400	They gave us English education to produce clerks and peons.	他们给了我们英语教育生产书记员和豌豆。
401	We used it to produce noble laureates,	我确已用它来创造优美的、
402	CEOs and one very angry Shashi Tharoor.	首席执行官和一位非常生气的沙希·塔鲁尔
403	They came to trade spices and left us with fish and chips.	他们来交换香料给我们留下鱼和薯片
404	They said that they taught us democracy right after ruling us without one for 200 years.	他们说,他们在统治我们200年之后就教我们民主。
405	Can	可以吗?
406	you believe it?	你相信吗?
407	That's like a burglar claiming to have taught the value of home security.	这就像一个窃贼声称教授了家庭安全的价值。
408	And finally,	终于
409	they gave us civilization and we responded with Bollywood, which now has more followers	他们给我们文明,我们用宝莱坞回应,宝莱坞现在有更多的追随者
410	than the British monarchy itself.	比英国的君主国本身。
411	And of course, ladies and gentlemen, there's always this one	当然,女士们先生们, 总是有这个
412	argument, right?	争吵,对不对?
413	Ah, but the British gave you such beautiful architecture.	但英国人给了你这么漂亮的建筑
414	Yes, thank you.	是的,谢谢你。
415	We are so	我们是如此
416	grateful for being given our own stones back to us in different shape.	感谢大家以不同的方式给我们自己的石头
417	Folks, there's a famous	伙计们,有一个著名的
418	American journalist who goes by the name Tucker Carlson, who believes colonization to India was	名叫塔克·卡尔森的美国记者相信印度的殖民化
419	good.	不错
420	And he says, when was the last time India built something as beautiful as the Bombay railway	他说,印度最后一次建造与孟买铁路一样美丽的东西是什么时候?
421	station?	车站?
422	Well, Tucker, since you seem to be watching colonial history between rants about	塔克,你好像在看殖民历史
423	woke coffee cups, let me ask you directly, who then built the Taj Mahal?	醒来的咖啡杯,让我直接问你, 谁建造了泰姬陵?
424	Who then carved the	然后谁雕刻了
425	Ajanta and Ellora caves?	阿扬塔和埃洛拉洞穴?
426	Rejected?	拒绝?
427	I've just begun.	我刚刚开始。
428	Who built the Padmanabh Swami temple,	谁建造了帕德马纳布斯瓦米神庙,
429	whose architecture predates the British itself?	谁的建筑比英国人早?
430	And if you want something modern, Tucker, come	如果你想要现代的东西,塔克,来吧
431	visit the Akshardham temple in Delhi.	参观德里的阿克沙德姆神庙.
432	I'm going to buy the tickets for you myself.	我自己去买票给你
433	And then of course, there's this classic defense, but the British gave you railways.	当然,还有一种典型的防御, 但英国给了你们铁路。
434	Yes, they did.	是的,他们做到了。
435	They built them for themselves.	他们自己造的
436	They weren't exactly thinking like, okay, let's have the	他们不是在想,好吧,我们来想
437	Indian villager visit his grandmother faster.	印度村民更快地拜访他的祖母.
438	They were actually thinking, let's move cotton,	他们实际上在想,让我们移动棉花,
439	coal, soldiers from the interior to ports more efficiently so we can loot the place before	煤,从内地到港口的士兵效率更高这样我们就可以抢掠之前的地方
440	lunchtime.	午餐时间。
441	To say without the British, we'd still be walking barefoot, like saying that if	没有英国人的话我们还是赤脚走路就像说如果
442	Oxford hadn't accepted Henry, he'd still be illiterate.	牛津没有接受亨利,他还是文盲.
443	Now let's be clear.	现在让我们说清楚。
444	They did not	他们没有
445	build the railways for our benefit any more than they built the East India Company for charity.	建造铁路是为了我们的利益比建造东印度公司更有利
446	The trains weren't the symbol of progress.	火车不是进步的象征
447	They were mediums of plunder and loot.	他们是掠夺和掠夺的媒介。
448	And you know	而且你知道吗
449	even our vocabulary wasn't safe.	甚至我们的词汇也不安全
450	The British didn't just take our wealth.	英国人不仅夺走了我们的财富
451	They took our word	他们接受了我们的承诺
452	for taking it.	因为它拿它。
453	Now, ladies and gentlemen, since my esteemed friends in the proposition are so keen	现在,女士们,先生们, 因为我的受人尊敬的朋友在提议如此热衷
454	to celebrate the British Empire, let me do them a favor and let me list some of the greatest	为了庆祝大英帝国让我帮他们个忙让我列举一些最伟大的
455	achievements of the British Empire.	大英帝国的成就.
456	After all, this was an empire that claimed to bring progress,	毕竟,这是一个帝国声称带来进步,
457	and it did.	它确实如此。
458	Progress in starvation, dispossession, and in the fine art of turning prosperity	饥饿、剥夺和繁荣的艺术进步
459	into poverty.	陷入贫困。
460	So here's a list.	这是名单
461	British ran detention camps in Kenya where torture, starvation,	英国人在肯尼亚的拘留营里施以酷刑饥饿
462	and executions were routine.	处决是例行公事
463	Women raped, men castrated, villages burnt, 20,000 to 100,000	妇女被强奸,男子被阉割,村庄被烧毁,20 000至100 000人
464	Kenyans dead.	肯尼亚人死了。
465	Governor, hold on, Governor Irie in Jamaica crushed a small protest against injustice	州长,坚持住,牙买加州长伊利粉碎了一场反对不公正的小抗议
466	with mass killings and hangings.	大屠杀和绞刑
467	He was later recalled to Britain amidst outrage.	他后来在愤怒中被召回英国.
468	439 executed,	439人被处决,
469	600 flogged, thousands home burnt.	600鞭,数千家被烧。
470	One-sided slaughter, Maxim guns mowed down, Sudanese soldiers	单方屠杀马克西姆枪被砍下来苏丹士兵
471	and civilians in minutes.	和平民在几分钟内。
472	10,000 Sudanese killed.	1万苏丹人被杀.
473	And you know what Winston Churchill said?	你知道温斯顿·丘吉尔说什么吗?
474	He said	他说
475	it's magnificent.	它的壮观。
476	10,000 Sudanese were killed.	1万苏丹人死亡.
477	Now let's come to the crown jewel, India.	现在,让我们来到王冠珠宝,印度。
478	British	英国
479	crowd trapped inside an unclosed garden, 400 dead officially.	人群被困在一个未关闭的花园里,400人正式死亡.
480	After recapturing Delhi,	在夺回德里之后,
481	the British slaughtered civilians indiscriminately for days in retribution for uprising,	英国人滥杀平民数日来报复起义,
482	thousands dead.	成千上万人死亡。
483	After the British retook the city of Kanpur, they executed prisoners and civilians	英国人重新占领坎普尔城后他们处决了囚犯和平民
484	en masse, several thousands dead.	大批死亡数千人
485	Entire neighborhoods in Lucknow were razed, countless were	勒克瑙所有的街区都被夷为平地,无数
486	hanged from roadside streets as examples, several thousand civilians dead.	例如在路边街上被绞死,数千名平民死亡。
487	Suspected rebels in	被怀疑的叛军
488	Ranchi were summarily executed, often without trial, to restore order, hundreds dead.	兰奇被草率处决,往往不经过审判,以恢复秩序,数百人死亡.
489	British	英国
490	troops and loyalist forces shot and burnt down entire Mapila villages.	军队和忠心部队开枪烧毁了整个马皮拉村庄。
491	After the rebellion,	叛乱之后,
492	2,500 to 10,000 people dead.	2500到10,000人死亡.
493	British troops opened fire on nonviolent protesters in Khilafat,	英国军队在希拉法特向非暴力抗议者开火,
494	an independent movement.	独立运动。
495	The streets ran with blood, 400 killed.	街道上血流成河,400人被杀.
496	Police fired on unarmed	警察朝手无寸铁的人开枪
497	demonstrators in Bombay demanding independence, thousands dead.	孟买示威者要求独立,数千人死亡.
498	In Assam, workers were demanding	在阿萨姆,工人要求
499	fair wages, were fired upon by the planter's police, dozens dead.	公平的工资, 被伐木工的警察开火, 数十人死亡。
500	Now let's talk about the	现在让我们谈谈
501	famines that were caused due to the colonial rule.	由于殖民统治造成的饥荒。
502	160,000 to 200,000 dead due to famines and flu in	16万到20万死于饥荒和流感
503	the British East India in 1917.	1917年英国东印度.
504	1.5 to 2 million dead in Sub-Saharan Africa due to Spanish flu and	150万至200万人死于撒哈拉以南非洲的西班牙流感和
505	famines.	饥荒。
506	Up to 50 to 90 percent of some regional populations in Kenya were wiped out due to famines.	由于饥荒,肯尼亚一些地区人口的50%至90%被消灭。
507	Almost 20 percent of the population in some parts of the East Africa were lost,	东非部分地区将近20%的人口失踪,
508	wiped out due to famines and food shortages.	因饥荒和粮食短缺而消灭。
509	Okay, coming back to India, 1 to 10 million	好吧,回到印度,100万到1000万
510	dead in the Great Bengal famine, 11 million dead in Chalice famine, 11 million dead in Doji Bara	孟加拉大饥荒中死亡 1100万人死于沙利斯饥荒 1100万人死于多吉巴拉
511	famine, 800,000 dead in Agra famine, 2 million dead in Upper Duwab famine, 1 million dead in	饥荒,80万人死于阿格拉饥荒,200万人死于上杜瓦布饥荒,100万人死于
512	Orissa famine, 1.5 million dead in Rajputana famine, 5.6 to 9.6 million dead in the Great	奥里萨饥荒,150万人死于拉杰普塔纳饥荒,560万至960万人死于大饥荒
513	Bengal famine of 1876, 5 million dead in the Indian famine of 1896, 1.1 to 4.5 million dead	1876年孟加拉饥荒,1896年印度饥荒中死亡500万人,死亡110万至450万人.
514	in the Indian famine of 1899, 3.8 million dead in the Bengal famine of 1943.	在1899年的印度饥荒中,380万人死于1943年的孟加拉饥荒.
515	I can go on and on.	我可以继续下去。
516	Friends, I can go on and on.	朋友们,我可以继续
517	My hands would fall off but the list would never end.	我的手会掉下来但名单永远不会结束
518	My tongue would	我的舌头会
519	dry listing the body counts yet the list would never end.	将尸体清点干净名单却永远不会结束
520	And not only that, their actions are	不仅如此,他们的行动
521	today.	今时.
522	Look at India and Pakistan.	看看印度和巴基斯坦。
523	They drew a line, left, and called it order.	他们画了一条线,左,并称它为命令。
524	Look at Israel	看着以色列
525	and Palestine.	联合国
526	They planted kiosks, called it mandate, and sailed home for tea.	他们种了亭子,称之为任务,并航行回家喝茶.
527	Look at the	看这个
528	Middle East and Africa.	中东和非洲。
529	Entire region still burning from maps they drew on a ruler and a hungover.	整个地区仍然从他们绘制的地图上燃烧着,这些地图上画着一个尺子和宿醉.
530	Imagine if this was the world after the sunset on the British Empire.	想象一下如果这是大英帝国日落之后的世界.
531	Imagine the darkness had it	想象一下,黑暗有它
532	never set.	从来没有设定。
533	Unimaginable.	不可思议.
534	From famines to massacres, from colonies far and near, the sun of the British	从饥荒到屠杀从远近的殖民地英国人的太阳
535	Empire rose on sorrow and fear.	帝国在悲伤和恐惧中崛起.
536	If the sun had never set, let me be blunt.	如果太阳没有落下让我直说吧
537	Let me be frank.	让我坦率地说。
538	It	这个
539	would have engulfed humanity, leaving the world in eternal darkness.	会吞噬人类让世界陷入永恒的黑暗
540	Yes, the sun had to set.	是的,太阳必须落下。
541	Mercy,	怜悯
542	not pride, decreed the day for no empire can shine while the world burns away.	不是骄傲, 命令一天没有一个帝国可以闪耀世界燃烧的消失。
543	Thank you.	谢谢
544	I thank the member for his speech.	我感谢该成员的发言。
545	We are now opening two speeches from the floor.	我们现在在会场开始两场发言。
546	If you wish	如果你愿意的话
547	to make a speech, please raise your hand with your membership card.	发表演讲请举起手来
548	The prize for the floor is a free	地板奖是免费的
549	ticket to the ball.	罚球。
550	I look for now a speaker in proposition of the motion.	我现在找一位发言人来提出动议。
551	Please make a speech	请发言
552	for just two minutes.	就两分钟
553	I recognize the member in the fourth row.	我认得第四行的成员。
554	Can the house please come to order?	房子能点菜吗?
555	Please can the house come to order?	请你把房子叫来好吗?
556	This is not an interval.	这不是间隔。
557	This is not a film.	这不是一部电影。
558	The debate continues.	辩论仍在继续。
559	Please can the honorable	尊贵的人可以吗?
560	member continue with his speech?	成员继续他的演讲?
561	Thank you.	谢谢
562	Thank you, Mr. President.	谢谢你,总统先生。
563	You're probably wondering why	你可能想知道为什么
564	an American is arguing that the sun should never have set on the British Empire.	一个美国人在争论太阳不应该落到大英帝国身上
565	And that's not	这不是
566	because I think that the British Empire was amazing, but because there is a flaw in the	因为我认为大英帝国是惊人的, 但因为有一个缺陷
567	question itself.	质疑自己。
568	We keep talking of this metaphorical sunset.	我们不停地谈论这个比喻性的日落。
569	I'm here to argue about a literal	我是来争辩一个字的
570	sunset.	夕阳
571	The sun has not yet set on the British Empire.	太阳还没有落到大英帝国。
572	We are in the tail end of the long sunset,	我们正处在漫长日落的尾声中
573	but we haven't quite hit sunset.	但我们还没有完全落日。
574	Now, based on the locations of Britain's 14 overseas territories,	现在,根据英国14个海外领土的位置,
575	there is always daylight somewhere.	总是有阳光的地方。
576	And I'm not including the Antarctic territory, given that it's	我并不包括南极地区,因为它是
577	currently daytime there all the time.	目前白天总是在那里。
578	Did I somewhat pointlessly make an Excel sheet with	我是不是做了些无意义的 Excel床单
579	all of today's sunrises and sunsets for the 14 territories?	今天所有的日出和日落 14个领地?
580	Yeah, I did.	是的,我做到了。我做到了。
581	I was too lazy to	我懒得说
582	manually do it for the other 364 days, and I don't know how to code a bot to do that.	手动做其他364天, 我不知道如何编码一个机器人这样做。
583	But if you guys	但如果你们
584	want to do that, please be my guest.	想这样做,请做我的客人。
585	There's two key territories to my argument here, and that is	我的论点有两个关键方面那就是
586	the Pitcair islands in the Pacific time zone, UTC minus eight, and the British Indian Ocean territories,	太平洋时区的皮特凯岛, UTC减8, 以及英属印度洋领土,
587	better known as the Chagos islands, which are in UTC plus six.	更名为查戈斯群岛,它们位于协调世界时加六。
588	Now, you're probably wondering, wait,	现在,你可能想知道,等等,
589	didn't Britain just sign over the Chagos islands to Mauritius?	英国不是刚在查戈斯群岛上签到毛里求斯吗?
590	And while you will be correct,	虽然你是对的,
591	there is a treaty to turn over the Chagos islands to Mauritius.	有一项将查戈斯群岛移交给毛里求斯的条约。
592	It has not yet officially gone into	它还没有正式进入
593	place.	地点。
594	The Chagos islands remain part of the British Empire, which means the sun has not yet	查戈斯群岛仍然是大英帝国的一部分这意味着太阳还没有
595	set.	设置。
596	The empire remains intact.	帝国依然完好无损.
597	The sun will not set until the Chagos islands are turned over to	直到查戈斯群岛被转移到
598	Mauritius.	毛里求斯。
599	Now, whether Antarctica plays a role in that, I don't know.	现在,无论南极洲在这方面扮演什么角色,我不知道.
600	I'm too lazy to look up	我懒得抬头看
601	Antarctic sunrises and sunsets.	南极日出与日落.
602	But the point remains, the literal sun has not yet set on the	但重点仍然是, 字面上的太阳还没有落到
603	British Empire, therefore the opposition cannot be considered.	大英帝国,因此不能考虑反对派.
604	As such, I propose that we put a hold	因此,我建议我们先暂停
605	on this debate and reconvene it at some point in the future once the legal transfer has happened	并在未来某个时候重开辩论一旦合法移交发生
606	and the Chagos islands are no longer part of the empire, therefore allowing the literal sun to	查戈斯群岛不再是帝国的一部分了因此让字面上的太阳
607	finally set on the British Empire.	终于踏上了大英帝国
608	Sure, even better for my argument.	当然,更适合我的论点。
609	Thank you very much.	谢谢
610	Thank you, we got Mr. President.	谢谢总统先生来了
611	I thank the member for his speech.	我感谢该成员的发言。
612	I encourage him to apply	我鼓励他申请
613	to be a returning officer.	成为一名返回的军官。
614	You have a great future there.	你有一个伟大的未来在那里。
615	I now look for a speaker in opposition of	我现在找一位反对
616	the motion.	动议。
617	Oh, can I have the member in the back there in the jacket?	哦,我可以有成员在后面的夹克?
618	You, yes you, yes you.	你,对,对,对
619	Thank you.	谢谢
620	Like the speaker that just spoke on side proposition, I'd like to begin by	就像刚才边发言的发言者一样,我想首先说
621	reclarifying what the motion actually means.	澄清运动的实际含义.
622	Today we're not really discussing whether the	今天我们不是在讨论
623	empire itself was good or not historically, though I would certainly as someone from Canada	帝国本身是好的或不是历史上的, 虽然我肯定会作为一个来自加拿大的人
624	and China side on decide that it was not.	而中方则决定它不是。
625	What we are talking about is whether empire should have	我们说的是帝国是否应该拥有
626	ended and my take on that is that if we draw out the logical conclusion and ask ourselves what	我的结论是如果我们得出逻辑结论
627	empire would look like today, empire today would not be feasible and regardless of whether or not	帝国会看起来像今天,今天的帝国是不可行的,无论是否
628	we think it should have ended or not, it would have ended anyways.	我们想它应该结束了与否, 它无论如何都会结束。
629	And there's two main points	有两个要点
630	that I want to draw on that.	我想利用这一点。
631	In the 50s and 60s, the logical conclusion at the time for empire was	50年代和60年代,当时帝国的逻辑结论是:
632	that empire would have to be a bit more democratic, a bit more equal, extending citizenship.	帝国必须更加民主更加平等扩大公民权
633	There's	还有
634	no more citizen and subject.	没有更多的公民和主题。
635	We're all subjects or we're all citizens.	我们都是臣民还是公民
636	But what would that actually	但实际上会是什么
637	look like democratically in Westminster right now where India has a population of 1.4 billion people	看上去像现在威斯敏斯特的民主印度有14亿人口
638	and this country has a population of 70 million people?	这个国家有七千万人口?
639	Do we really think that people in this	我们真的认为人在这个
640	country will be happy if they get 30 MPs and the remaining 600 come from places all over the world?	如果有30名议员, 其余的600人来自世界各地,
641	Secondly, my other point is on migration.	第二,我的另一点是移徙。
642	If this is actually one political entity in this country	如果这是这个国家的一个政治实体
643	right now where last summer we had some race riots and reform is currently leading to the polls,	去年夏天我们发生了一些种族暴动改革正在导致民调
644	would we be really happy with people from all over the empire being able to come here in the	我们是否真的很高兴帝国各地的人能够来到这里
645	wherever they want?	他们要去哪儿?
646	And there's actually a really good quote from Charles de Gaulle,	并有一个非常好的引文从查尔斯戴高乐,
647	who was the president that put an end to the French empire in Algeria about extending equal	他就是结束阿尔及利亚法兰西帝国的总统,
648	rights to Algeria.	对阿尔及利亚的权利。
649	And this is what he said.	这就是他说的。
650	If we integrate them, if all the Arabs and the	如果我们融合他们,如果所有阿拉伯人和
651	Berbers of Algeria were considered French, how could they be prevented from settling in France	阿尔及利亚的柏柏尔人被视为法国人,如何阻止他们在法国定居
652	where the living standard is so much higher?	哪里的生活水平这么高?
653	My village would no longer be called	我的村子再也不会叫了
654	Columbia, which means Columbia, the two churches.	哥伦比亚(Columbia),指哥伦比亚,两座教堂.
655	It would instead be called Columbia, the two mosques,	改为哥伦比亚,两座清真寺
656	Columbia, the two mosques.	哥伦比亚,两座清真寺.
657	So based on those two factors, I think empire would not survive as a	因此,基于这两个因素,我认为帝国不可能作为一个
658	political entity right now.	现在的政治实体。
659	The British empire, even if it should not have ended, would have ended	大英帝国即使不应该结束,也会结束
660	anyways.	无论如何。
661	And yes, as Mr. Henry Nichols had said earlier, what if we had some nice voluntary union	是的,正如亨利·尼科尔斯先生早些时候所说, 如果我们有一些良好的自愿结合,
662	akin to Kansas, but with all the other colonies, ex colonies.	堪萨斯州,但与所有其他殖民地,前殖民地。
663	And I'd say that's great.	我会说这是伟大的。
664	Actually,	其实
665	I would love greater international collaboration and cooperation.	我希望能加强国际协作与合作。
666	But at the end of the day,	但到头来,
667	that type of political entity is not an empire.	这种类型的政治实体不是一个帝国。
668	That isn't an entity akin to the EU or something,	这不是一个类似于欧盟的实体什么的,
669	whatever you want, or however you envision it.	随便你怎么想随便你怎么想
670	And at the end of the day, even if we,	最终即使我们
671	even if we did implement that kind of political entity, that type of quality, empire would have	即使我们真的执行了这种政治实体, 那种质量,帝国会有
672	ended.	结束。
673	So regardless of whether we think empire should have ended or not, whether the sun should	所以不管我们是否认为帝国应该终结太阳是否应该结束
674	have set on empire or not, at the end of the day, at this point in time, right now today,	不管有没有帝国, 最终,此时此刻,今天,
675	empire would have ended anyways.	无论如何帝国都会终结的
676	Thank you.	谢谢
677	I thank the member for his speech.	我感谢该成员的发言。
678	I now look	我现在看
679	Ashworth先生继续辩护
680	So the motion, this house believes	所以这个动议这个房子相信
681	the sun should never have set on the British empire.	太阳不应该落在大英帝国身上
682	I know what you're thinking.	我知道你在想什麽
683	All those	所有这些
684	great empires the world has seen, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and even the British empire,	伟大的帝国世界上看到的,埃及,希腊,罗马,拜占庭,甚至大英帝国,
685	all of them swept away by the tide of history.	他们全都被历史潮流冲走。
686	So if you believe that it could be any different,	所以,如果你相信它可能有任何不同,
687	you have to be romantic, sentimental, or just plain mad.	你必须是浪漫的,多愁善感的, 或者只是普通的疯狂。
688	Maybe you're right,	也许你是对的
689	but perhaps you're not.	也许你不是
690	Because when those great empires faded away, they, almost all of them,	因为当那些伟大的帝国消亡, 他们,几乎全部,
691	left a legacy.	留下了遗产
692	In the case of the British empire, it was a legacy of values, freedom, democracy,	就大英帝国而言,这是价值、自由、民主的遗产。
693	human rights, the rule of law, and so often those values bound together by a political and	人权、法治,以及常常由政治、经济、社会、文化权利委员会
694	illegal system, which was invariably united by a common language.	非法制度,它总是由一种共同语言统一起来。
695	So it might well be true	所以这很可能是真的
696	that the British empire faded away, but it is absolutely not true to say that those values	大英帝国已经消亡了但是说这些价值是完全不正确的
697	have gone.	已经走了。
698	It is not true to say the language is gone.	说此语言已灭是非.
699	In its wake, the British empire left	之后,大英帝国离开了
700	a legacy of an English-speaking alliance around the world, an alliance of nations bound together	全世界英语联盟的遗存国家联盟的结合
701	by those shared values, bound together by common goals, and bound together by common language.	由这些共同的价值观,共同的目标结合在一起,共同的语言结合在一起。
702	And that's important, because just think about the world we know it today.	这很重要因为想想我们今天所了解的世界
703	We see enormous	我们看到巨大的
704	change going on before our very eyes.	改变在我们眼前。
705	True, there would never be, could never be,	没错,永远不可能,永远不可能
706	another empire, but what we do see instead is other organisations and powers increasing influence	但我们所看到的是其他组织和权力增加影响力
707	and power in the world today.	和权力在当今世界。
708	We see the rise and rise of autocracies, theocracies,	我们看到专制主义的兴起和兴起,
709	and communism.	和共产主义。
710	Just think today, Russia, a greatest threat to European	想想今天俄罗斯对欧洲最大的威胁
711	peace since the 1930s.	从1930年代开始和平
712	Iran, destabilised.	伊朗不稳定
713	Sorry, no recording in the chamber.	对不起,没有录音室。
714	Please,	请
715	I've pointed out multiple times, no recording of any sort in the chamber.	我指出过很多次了房间里没有任何录音
716	And China with aggressive global expansion.	以及全球扩张的中国。
717	None of those powers respect the values	这些力量都没有尊重价值
718	of freedom, democracy, rule of law, and human rights.	自由、民主、法治和人权。
719	All of those powers pose a threat	所有这些权力都构成威胁
720	to the values of the values-based peoples of this world.	以价值为基础的世界人民的价值观。
721	So I suggest	所以我建议
722	the need for cohesion in those values-based nations has never been greater.	在这些以价值观为基础的国家中,更加需要团结。
723	It's true, the British Empire has gone the way of all other empires, but it is also true	是真的大英帝国已经跟所有其他帝国一样了但也是一样
724	that the alliance of English-speaking nations is very much alive and well.	说英语国家的联盟非常活跃和良好。
725	But I ask the question, who today should be the standard bearer for those values?	但我问,今天谁应该成为这些价值观的标准持有者?
726	Who do we look for?	我们要找谁?
727	Commercial, diplomatic, and military leadership?	商业、外交和军事领导?
728	The fact is that for the past	事实上,对于过去
729	hundred years, it's been the United States of America and through them, NATO, who have been	一百年来,是美利坚合众国并通过他们,北约
730	the strength and shield of the British and English-speaking world.	英国和英语世界的力量和盾牌。
731	But today, the messages	但今天,这些讯息
732	coming from the United States are very different.	从美国来的不一样
733	And that begs the question, is the US still willing	问题是,美国仍然愿意
734	to fill that role?	来填补这个角色?
735	US currently, and in my view rightly, is becoming increasingly Pacific-centric.	美国目前,而且在我看来是正确的,正日益以太平洋为中心。
736	The US currently, and in my view quite rightly, demanding the rest of the English-speaking world	美国目前,我认为非常正确地要求其他英语世界
737	do their own heavy lifting in the future.	将来自己举重
738	So in answer to the question, are they willing	所以为了回答问题他们愿意吗?
739	to fill that role?	来填补这个角色?
740	Currently, I wouldn't count on it.	目前,我不会指望它。
741	Longer term, I suspect that ultimately,	更长时间,我怀疑最终,
742	the ties of language and values would be too great, and they would do so.	语言和价值观的关系会太大,他们也会这样做。
743	That I suggest, Chairman, is a subject for conversation on another day.	主席先生,我建议改天再谈这个问题。
744	But then there's a second question.	但后有二问.
745	What about Europe?	欧洲呢?
746	600 million people, all of whom	6亿人,他们全部
747	share those same values.	分享同样的价值。
748	And it isn't a coincidence that freedom, democracy,	自由,民主,这不是巧合
749	human rights, and rule of law are the essential so-called Copenhagen criteria	人权和法治是所谓的哥本哈根基本标准
750	that all European Union nations are legally bound to respect.	所有欧洲联盟国家在法律上都有义务尊重。
751	And furthermore,	此外,
752	may I suggest that Europe is more commonly spoken as a second language in Europe as any other part	我建议欧洲作为第二语言在欧洲比其他任何部分更为普遍。
753	of the world today?	今天的世界吗?
754	So in conclusion, I suggest that the sun may very well have set on the British	最后,我建议太阳很可能已经落在英国人身上
755	Empire, but I also suggest that the sun never has set on the alliance of English-speaking peoples,	帝国,但我同时也认为太阳从来没有落到英语民族的联盟,
756	and that alliance is as strong and relevant as it is today.	这种联盟与今天一样强大和重要。
757	But I do leave you with two caveats.	但我给你留了两个警告
758	First, for far too many years, those English-speaking people have been in denial	首先,多年来,那些说英语的人一直否认
759	of the commercial, diplomatic, and military threats going around them.	他们周围的商业、外交和军事威胁。
760	They have deluded	他们欺骗了我
761	themselves that they're living in a security which was not to be.	他们自己的生活在一个安全本来不是。
762	And my second point,	还有我的第二点
763	at this very critical and dangerous moment in time, very sadly, Britain has chosen to relinquish	英国选择放弃
764	her seat and thereby her influence at the top table.	她的座位, 从而她的影响力在上座。
765	Thank you.	谢谢
766	I thank Mr. Ashford for his	我感谢阿什福德先生
767	speech.	说话
768	I now look to Mr. John Brash to continue the case for side opposition.	我现在期待约翰·布拉什先生继续提出反对意见。
769	Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, I speak in opposition to the motion,	主席先生,女士们先生们,我发言反对这项动议,
770	but I also want to say at the beginning that the British Empire did more good things for more people	我还想说大英帝国为更多人做了更多好事
771	than in any other empire in human history.	而不是人类历史上任何其他帝国
772	The British Empire introduced the rule of law	大英帝国实行法治
773	and the benefits of Magna Carta to millions of people because the Industrial Revolution	以及《大宪章》给数百万人民带来的惠益,因为工业革命
774	began in this country.	开始于这个国家。
775	The British Empire took the benefits of industrial technology	大英帝国从工业技术中获益
776	and railways to many parts of the world.	以及通往世界许多地方的铁路。
777	The British Empire made English the only truly	大英帝国使英语成为唯一真正的
778	international language.	国际语言。
779	English is a language of science, of diplomacy, of the internet,	英语是科学外交互联网的一种语言
780	and of finance.	和资金。
781	I attended meetings of central bankers all over the world for 14 years.	我参加了14年世界各国中央银行家的会议.
782	Every meeting was conducted in English.	每次会议都以英语进行。
783	No interpreters were provided.	没有提供口译。
784	They were not	他们不是
785	needed.	需要帮助。
786	The British Empire was also the first empire in the world to abolish slavery,	大英帝国也是世界上第一个废除奴隶制的帝国,
787	long before it was abolished in many other parts of the world, and not only abolished slavery,	早在世界其他许多地方废除奴隶制之前, 不仅废除了奴隶制,
788	but used the Royal Navy to hunt down slave ships.	但利用皇家海军追捕奴隶船.
789	So let me acknowledge the British Empire	让我承认大英帝国
790	conferred many benefits on the world, but it also did some truly horrific things, as my colleague	给世界带来了很多好处,但它也做了一些真正可怕的事情,就像我的同事一样
791	pointed out.	说明。
792	There were typically a great many empires before.	之前通常有很多帝国
793	It's hard to excuse some of the	很难原谅一些
794	appalling atrocities which took place in the Indian subcontinent and in Africa.	印度次大陆和非洲发生的骇人听闻的暴行。
795	The foisting	欢呼
796	opium on China must be one of the most evil events conducted by any civilization, any empire	中国的鸦片一定是任何文明任何帝国最邪恶的事件之一
797	in human history.	在人类历史上。
798	Of course, all empires, by definition, involve the suppression of freedom	当然,所有帝国,顾名思义, 都涉及到压制自由
799	of the people who form part of that empire.	成为帝国一部分的人民。
800	What of my own country, New Zealand?	我的国家新西兰呢?
801	By any objective	任何目标
802	measure, we gained more by being part of the British Empire than we lost.	我们成为大英帝国的一部分比我们失去的还多
803	Prior to 1840,	在1840年之前,
804	the date from which Britain gradually asserted some authority over that country,	英国逐渐对该国行使某种权力的日期,
805	New Zealand was populated by a Polynesian people now known as Maori.	新西兰的人口为波利尼西亚人,现在称为毛利人。
806	They were not indigenous in	他们不是本地人
807	the sense that Australian Aborigines were indigenous, having arrived in New Zealand	认为澳大利亚原住民是土著人,已抵达新西兰
808	about seven centuries before 1840.	大概在1840年以前的7个世纪左右.
809	But they were primitive people in the dictionary meaning of the	但他们是原始人字典的意义
810	word.	词
811	They had no written language, had not emitted the wheel, and practiced both slavery	他们没有书面语言,没有发射轮子, 并练习两种奴役
812	and cannibalism.	还有食人族
813	The arrival of British authority and the settlers who followed,	英国当局和随后的定居者的到来,
814	overwhelmingly from the United Kingdom, though some from other parts of Europe,	绝大多数来自联合王国,虽然有些来自欧洲其他地区,
815	changed all that.	改变了这一切。
816	The rule of law was gradually established in New Zealand,	新西兰逐步建立了法治,
817	slavery and cannibalism abolished, and inter-tribal warfare, which had in the	废除了奴隶制和食人主义以及部落间战争。
818	three or four decades prior to 1840, killed more Maori people than all the New Zealanders	在1840年前的三四十年里,毛利人被杀害的人数比所有新西兰人多
819	who had been killed in subsequent wars, came to an end.	在后来的战争中被杀死的人结束了
820	Yes, there were wars between government	是的,政府之间的战争
821	forces and some Maori tribes after 1840, but compared with the appalling carnage in the years	1840年之后的军队和一些毛利部落,但与这些年来骇人听闻的屠杀相比
822	prior to 1840, the loss of life in those wars was relatively minor.	1840年以前,在这些战争中丧生的人数相对较少。
823	British settlers brought new	英国定居者带来了新的
824	forms of protein, sheep and cattle, and the horses and dogs with which to farm them.	蛋白质羊和牛以及养殖它们的马和狗
825	Settlers brought	定居者带来
826	metal tools with which to build homes, and other buildings which, though primitive by modern	建造房屋和其他建筑的金属工具,虽然是现代建筑的原始工具。
827	standards, were a vast improvement on what had been known before.	标准,比以前已知的要大得多。
828	The settlers brought the tools	定居者带来了工具
829	and the technology to build roads and ports, some of the most important building blocks	以及建设道路和港口的技术,一些最重要的构件
830	of a modern society.	现代社会。
831	Some Maori New Zealanders today look back on the 19th century arrival of British authority and British settlers with resentment and	一些毛利族新西兰人今天回顾英国当局和英国定居者在19世纪的到来时怀有不满和不满。
832	point to the loss of land.	说明土地的损失。
833	Most of it to sale, but some of it to confiscation, which followed 1840.	大部分要出售,但部分要没收,这跟随了1840年.
834	They point to the fact that Maori life expectancy is still a little short of the life expectancy	他们指出,毛利人的预期寿命仍然略低于预期寿命。
835	of other New Zealanders and claim racial discrimination in the health system.	并声称在卫生系统中存在种族歧视。
836	They fail to note that life expectancy for Maori New Zealanders has increased hugely over the last	他们没有注意到,毛利人新西兰人的预期寿命在过去一年里大大增加了。
837	185 years	185岁
838	with the gap to other New Zealanders steadily closing.	与其他新西兰人的差距稳步缩小。
839	They fail to note that Maori are now well represented in all walks of New Zealand life.	他们没有注意到毛利人现在在新西兰各行各业都有充分的代表。
840	A Maori who writes under the pseudonym of Matua Kahurangi	一位用马图亚·卡胡兰吉的假名写作的毛利人
841	recently posted an article satirically calling for a colonizer day.	最近有篇文章讽刺地呼吁殖民者日。
842	Colonization in New Zealand, he wrote, was not oppression, it was liberation.	他写道,新西兰的殖民不是压迫,而是解放。
843	It ended tribal warfare,	结束了部落战争
844	brought medicine, built homes and safeguarded species from extinction,	带来了药物,建造了家园,保护了物种免于灭绝,
845	provided education,	提供教育;
846	law and health systems.	法律和卫生系统。
847	It gave Maori the tools to thrive in a modern world.	它为毛利人提供了在现代世界中蓬勃发展的工具。
848	In early years, New Zealand was clearly part of the British Empire depending on a British armed force	早年新西兰显然是大英帝国的一部分依靠英国的军队
849	to suppress the occasional	镇压不定期的
850	tribal rebellion	部落叛乱
851	with explicit acknowledgement that a head of state was Queen Victoria and with a parliament modeled on the House of Commons.	明确承认一位国家元首是维多利亚女王,议会以下议院为模式。
852	When the forces of the Empire were engaged in the Boer War, we automatically sent troops in support.	当帝国军队参与布尔战争时,我们自动派兵支援.
853	There was not the slightest doubt on which side we would fight in the First World War and the Second.	在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中,我们毫不怀疑会战到哪一边。
854	And these are some suggestion that New Zealand actually declared war on Germany	这些是新西兰向德国宣战的暗示
855	fractionally before the United Kingdom did.	在英国之前,
856	And just a day or so later in a radio address to the New Zealand public, the Prime Minister said, where she goes, we go.	就在一天左右之后,总理在给新西兰公众的广播讲话中说,她去哪里,我们去哪。
857	Where she stands, we stand.	她站在哪我们站在哪
858	Nobody was in any doubt	没有人怀疑
859	what she meant.	種
860	When New Zealand's central bank was established in 1936, it was closely modeled on the Bank of England.	1936年新西兰中央银行成立时,在英国银行上建立了紧密的模型.
861	For generations, indeed until quite recently,	几代人,实际上直到最近
862	New Zealand has referred to going home	新西兰提到要回家
863	when they've been traveling to the UK	他们去英国时
864	by sea, typically by the Panama Canal,	在巴拿马运河附近
865	bypassing most of the rest of the world.	绕过大部分世界。
866	Our highest court remained at the Privy Council until 2003.	我们的最高法院一直设在枢密院,直到2003年。
867	A portrait of Queen Elizabeth was on all our banknotes until the middle of the 1990s	伊丽莎白女王的画像一直印在我们所有的钞票上直到1990年代中期
868	and the monarch remains on our five banknotes.	和君主留在我们的五张纸币。
869	But the sun has been setting on the British Empire for years, and that's a good thing for many countries,	但太阳已经落下大英帝国多年了这对许多国家来说都是件好事
870	including New Zealand.	包括新西兰。
871	It's been a gradual process.	这是一个渐进的过程。
872	Perhaps it began when Britain was forced to withdraw from Singapore in February 1942,	也许从1942年2月英国被迫撤出新加坡开始
873	what Winston Churchill called the worst disaster in British military history.	温斯顿·丘吉尔称之为英国军事史上最严重的灾难.
874	And that was followed just five years later by independence for the entire South Asian continent,	紧接着五年,整个南亚大陆独立,
875	India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.	印度、巴基斯坦和斯里兰卡。
876	Gradually, most of the rest of what had been the largest empire in human history	渐渐地,人类历史上最大的帝国剩下的大部分
877	shrank, until now almost nothing remains.	收缩,直到现在几乎什么都没有了。
878	There is a clearly and there would have vast number of people to be responsible of their own destiny,	显然,有许多人要对自己的命运负责,
879	surely an overwhelmingly	确是超绝的,
880	important net benefit.	重要的净收益。
881	New Zealand retains many of the benefits of having been part of that empire.	新西兰保留了成为该帝国一部分的许多好处。
882	We're a democratic society where every person, regardless of ancestry, has an equal vote.	我们是一个民主社会,在这个社会中,每个人,无论祖先如何,都有平等的投票权.
883	Maori New Zealanders are now present in every one of the six parties in Parliament,	毛利族新西兰人现在参加议会的六个政党中的每一个政党,
884	with 35% of the current cabinet having some Maori ancestry.	35%的现任内阁中有一些毛利人血统。
885	Common law remains fundamental.	普通法仍然是根本。
886	English is the unofficial official language, the language in which virtually all social interaction occurs.	英语是非官方的官方语言,几乎所有社会互动都使用英语。
887	But ever since Britain entered the common market in the early 1970s,	但自从英国在1970年代初进入共同市场后
888	our ties to the UK have necessarily become more distant.	我们和英国的关系必然变得更加遥远。
889	In 1950, two-thirds of our exports went to the UK.	1950年,我国出口的三分之二出口到英国.
890	In 1970, with the common market looming, only 35% went here.	1970年,随着共同市场的临近,只有35%的人到过这里.
891	Now,	现在,
892	2.6% of New Zealand's exports come to this country.	新西兰出口的2.6%来自这个国家。
893	China takes 26%,	中国占26%
894	almost precisely 10 times as much.	几乎是10倍多。
895	Even Singapore takes more of our exports than Britain does.	连新加坡也比英国要多
896	This reflects an increasing focus on Asia,	这反映出日益重视亚洲,
897	where once virtually all post-1840 immigration to New Zealand came from the UK with a few other immigrants from other parts of Europe,	曾经几乎所有1840年后移居新西兰的移民都来自英国,其他少数移民来自欧洲其他地区,
898	now the great majority of immigrants come from Asia, mainly from India and China.	现在绝大多数移民来自亚洲,主要来自印度和中国.
899	While we retain the monarchy with King Charles as our head of state,	虽然我们保留了君主制国王查尔斯作为我们的国家元首,
900	for an increasing number of New Zealanders, even those with British ancestors,	对于越来越多的新西兰人,甚至那些有英国祖先的人,
901	the monarchy has no relevance to their daily lives.	君主制与他们的日常生活无关
902	The Bank of England now operates within a framework copied from the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, rather than vice versa.	英格兰银行现在在新西兰储备银行复制的框架范围内运作,而不是反之亦然。
903	When we travel abroad, we travel to Australia, to the US, to Singapore, Japan and China, and yes, to the UK.	当我们出国旅行时,我们到澳大利亚,美国, 新加坡,日本和中国, 是的,去英国。
904	We retain much of what being part of the British Empire gave us,	我们保留了大英帝国给予我们的大部分东西
905	but we are surely better to now stand independently on our own two feet.	但我们现在最好独立地站在一起。
906	Thank you.	谢谢
907	Thank you so much for your speech, Mr.	非常感谢您的演讲,先生。
908	Brash.	废话
909	We now have our two final speeches	我们现在有两个最后的演讲
910	To close the case for side proposition, I invite Mr. Ben Habib to the stage, please.	为了结束这一次要提议,我请本·哈比卜先生登台。
911	Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. President, thank you very much for giving me this opportunity to defend not just our legacy,	女士们,先生们,主席先生,非常感谢你们给我这个机会来捍卫我们的遗产,
912	but to explain why that legacy is so important,	但为了解释为什么遗产如此重要
913	and why actually if we had any opportunity to prevent the sun setting on the British Empire, we should take that opportunity.	如果我们有机会阻止大英帝国的日落我们为什么要利用这个机会呢?
914	There has never been a greater empire in history.	历史上从未有过一个更大的帝国.
915	There has never been a greater empire, a greater force for good,	从来没有一个更大的帝国, 更大的力量为善,
916	that has collectively galvanised people from across the globe for the benefit of mankind.	它使世界各地的人民共同受益。
917	DK is smiling at me.	DK对我笑了
918	He reeled off a litany of	他从一整串
919	abuses that had taken place against people, but there is no evidence that there was a causal link, for example,	但是没有证据表明存在因果关系,例如,
920	between the British Empire and the killing of a million people at partition.	在大英帝国和一百万人在分治时被杀之间
921	It was Pakistani Muslims killing Hindu Indians, and it was Hindu Indians killing Pakistani Muslims.	是巴基斯坦穆斯林杀死印度教印度教徒,是印度教印度教徒杀死巴基斯坦穆斯林.
922	It was not the British perpetrating those killings.	不是英国人干的
923	I'm not taking any interruptions.	我不会中断的
924	To put the blame	说到做到
925	at the British Empire is to absolutely hijack the causal link between	在大英帝国绝对是劫持因果关系
926	events that have taken place in the past and to fundamentally misrepresent them.	并从根本上歪曲过去发生的事件。
927	Now, let me just tell you something.	现在,让我告诉你一件事。
928	I have not a unique position in this debate, but I have an extraordinarily	我在这次辩论中没有独到的地位,但我有一个非常
929	special position.	特别职位
930	Because I am half Pakistani, my father is a Pakistani Muslim,	因为我一半是巴基斯坦人我父亲是巴基斯坦穆斯林
931	and my mother is an Anglo-Saxon, blonde, blue-eyed Christian.	我妈妈是盎格鲁-撒克逊人金发碧眼的基督徒
932	She married my father, and I was born in	她嫁给了我父亲我出生在
933	1965 in Karachi.	1965年在卡拉奇。
934	When I was born in Karachi,	当我出生在卡拉奇,
935	we were still benefiting from the tailwinds of the British Empire.	我们仍在受益于大英帝国的尾风
936	And let me describe for you what Karachi was like as a child for me.	让我描述一下卡拉奇对我小时候的感受
937	It was a peaceable city.	那是个平静的城市
938	It was a city in which actually the railways worked,	这是一个城市,实际上铁路工作,
939	where irrigation worked, where the legal system worked, where corruption was largely absent,	在灌溉起作用的地方,在法律制度起作用的地方,在基本上不存在腐败的地方,
940	where I could go for a run when I was 10 or 12 years old	我10岁或12岁时可以去跑步
941	without fearing being stoned because I was showing my legs.	不怕被石头砸因为我在展示我的腿。
942	It was a country that was at peace.	这是一个和平的国家。
943	And I had to leave Pakistan in 1979 because after years of governance	1979年我不得不离开巴基斯坦因为经过多年的治理
944	by Pakistanis themselves, after the British had left, Pakistan had began to sink.	英国人离开后,巴基斯坦开始沉没。
945	And it was Benazir Bhutto's father	是贝娜齐尔·布托的父亲
946	who was the subject of a coup	曾经是政变对象
947	in 1977,	1977年,参加全国妇女理事会
948	which yielded a new form of Pakistan, a Pakistan that had no influence from the benefits and tailwinds	它产生了一种新的形式巴基斯坦, 一个没有影响从好处和尾风
949	of the British Empire, but a Pakistan that was founded on fundamental Muslim tenants,	但是一个建立在穆斯林租户之上的巴基斯坦
950	Wahhabi, fundamentalist Muslim tenants.	瓦哈比,原教旨主义穆斯林租户.
951	And those tenants have rendered Pakistan now	那些租户现在让巴基斯坦
952	a shadow of its former self.	其前身的阴影
953	And if D.K.	而若D. K. 则.
954	thinks that there are no	认为没有
955	atrocities now taking place in India simply because the British Empire is no longer present in India,	现在发生在印度的暴行仅仅是因为大英帝国不再存在于印度
956	he is fundamentally wrong.	他根本错了
957	There are human rights abuses going on in India and Pakistan all the time at the moment.	目前,印度和巴基斯坦一直在发生侵犯人权的行为。
958	Now,	现在,
959	now that I've got that off my chest,	现在,我得到了我的胸口,
960	let me start where I would have started.	让我先从我开始
961	When I left Pakistan, when I was growing up,	当我离开巴基斯坦, 当我长大的时候,
962	the chat had always been about what a fantastic	聊天一直以来都是关于多么奇妙的
963	association we had with the United Kingdom, how proud we were to have been part of the British Empire.	我们与英国有联系, 多么自豪我们曾经是大英帝国的一部分。
964	There was no	没有
965	criticism, no looking over our shoulders and thinking, God, we were abused by these white overlords for so long.	我们被白人统治者虐待了这么久
966	I can tell you it simply wasn't there.	我可以告诉你,它根本不存在。
967	And when my brother, my sister and I had to leave Karachi in	当我的哥哥,我妹妹和我不得不离开卡拉奇
968	1979 because of what was going on with Ziyal Haq and the hanging of her father,	1979年因为Ziyal Haq的事和她父亲的绞刑
969	Benazir Bhutto's father, when we had to leave, I was sat down by my	贝娜齐尔·布托的父亲,当我们不得不离开时,我坐在我身边
970	father's cook who was about, I think, in his late 70s at the time.	父亲的厨师,我想, 大约70多岁的时候。
971	And he said, my son, I'm going to speak in Urdu.	他说,我的儿子,我要在乌尔都语。
972	I'm going to try and speak in Urdu.	试以乌尔都语.
973	He said, my son, sit with me.	他说,我儿子,跟我坐
974	I am very happy that you are going to England.	我很高兴你能去英国
975	This is the best country in the world.	这是世界上最好的国家
976	And Queen Victoria,	还有维多利亚女王
977	她说,印度斯坦 ki sabse baighreen baatshah Hai。
978	And roughly translated, what that means is,	和大致的翻译, 这意味着,
979	beta, son, come and sit next to me.	贝塔,儿子,过来坐在我旁边
980	I'm absolutely delighted you're going to England.	我很高兴你能去英国
981	England is the best country in the world and Queen Victoria was the best	英国是世界上最好的国家维多利亚女王是最棒的
982	ruler that Hindustan, India, in its broader context, has.	印度印度斯坦的统治者在其更广泛的背景下
983	And I said to him, his name was Yaseen, I said, Yaseen,	我对他说他叫雅森我说雅森
984	she's dead.	她已经死了。
985	She's gone.	她不见了。
986	And he said, she will never die.	他说她永远不会死
987	She lives on in our hearts.	她活在我们心中
988	And this was a man	这个人
989	who worked	工作过的人
990	humbly as a cook for my father.	谦卑地为我父亲做厨师
991	And he carried the flame.	他带着火焰
992	He was probably born at about the time that she died.	他大概是在她死的时候出生的
993	He carried the flame of Queen Victoria in his heart.	他心中怀着维多利亚女王的火焰.
994	He loved the British Empire.	他热爱大英帝国.
995	That love doesn't come out of abuse by the British.	这种爱不是英国人滥用的
996	It comes out of something patrician.	它出自某种古老的东西
997	And then I had the great	然后我有了伟大的
998	privilege	特权
999	of leaving Pakistan, as I mentioned,	正如我所提到的,
1000	and	和
1001	that had the effect	产生了效果
1002	of burnishing in my mind these memories without being sullied by the rewriting of history,	在我脑海中燃烧着这些记忆却没有被历史重写所玷污
1003	which has taken place since then.	从那时起就发生了
1004	And I'm able to go back to the 70s and capture these memories and hold them dear and see the empire for what it was.	我能够回到70年代抓住这些记忆抓住它们亲眼目睹帝国的历史
1005	But then I had another great privilege, which was to go to rugby school.	但后来我又获得了另一个伟大的特权,那就是去橄榄球学校.
1006	Now we all talk, those of us who've had the great	现在大家都在谈论,我们中的那些曾经有过伟大的
1007	privilege of going to public schools in this country, we all kind of jocularly talk about the provenance of our various schools.	我们有幸来到这个国家的公立学校, 我们都在谈论我们各种学校的来源。
1008	My son went to Winchester.	我的儿子去了温彻斯特。
1009	He claims his school has a greater claim to	他声称他的学校有更大的要求
1010	the heritage of the United Kingdom because it's marginally older than rugby.	英国的遗产因为它比橄榄球要老一点
1011	And Eton, I think, claims the biggest privilege.	我认为,伊顿拥有最大的特权
1012	But,	不过
1013	and be utterly clear on this point, the entire educational establishment, which all of you are here for today,	说清楚一点,你们今天在这里的教育机构
1014	was started in the 19th century, including rugby, including Winchester, including Eton, including Oxford, including Oriole College,	始于19世纪,包括橄榄球,包括温彻斯特,包括伊顿,包括牛津,包括奥里奥勒学院,
1015	including this union.	包括这个工会。
1016	All of that owes its existence to the British Empire.	所有这些都归功于大英帝国的存在。
1017	The ability to speak freely, the ability to debate without fear of mortal attack—I'm not taking any interruptions—	自由说话的能力辩论的能力不必担心致命的攻击... 我不会中断...
1018	the ability to speak without fear of mortal threat	能够说话而不害怕致命的威胁
1019	was a British-born concept.	是英国出生的概念
1020	And it was through that concept, Mr	这是通过这个概念,先生。
1021	Ashworth spoke so brilliantly about the values of the British Empire, at the heart of those was the ability to debate	阿什沃斯如此辉煌地谈到大英帝国的价值观,这些价值观的核心是辩论的能力.
1022	without fear.	没有恐惧。
1023	We saw also, and I'm just going to go back to the patrician aspect of the British Empire, William Wilberforce, an evangelical Christian	威廉·威尔伯福斯福音派基督徒
1024	who, at the zenith of British power—and no empire in history has ever done this—at the zenith of British power,	他,在英国权力的顶端——历史上从来没有一个帝国这样做过——在英国权力的顶端,
1025	when there was no need to do it,	当没有必要这样做的时候,
1026	he abolished the slave trade.	他废除了奴隶贸易。
1027	He campaigned for and succeeded in abolishing the slave trade in 1807, and then in 1833,	他在1807年发起并成功废除了奴隶贸易,后来在1833年,
1028	the owning of slaves was made illegal.	奴隶的拥有被定为非法
1029	And as Mr	作为先生
1030	Ashworth rightly pointed out, or I think you pointed out,	Ashworth正确地指出, 或者我认为你指出,
1031	we then spent the next 60 years as a country policing the high seas,	然后我们花了60年时间在公海维持治安
1032	making sure that that trade was shut down at vast cost to this country.	确保这个贸易被关闭以巨大的代价这个国家。
1033	And yet, when I meet students from across the United Kingdom now, so traduced	然而,当我遇到来自英国各地的学生时,
1034	has our history become that I get told repeatedly that we made our money on the slave trade.	历史是否已经变成,我一再被告知,我们为贩卖奴隶赚钱。
1035	No, ladies and gentlemen, we did not make our money on the slave trade.	不,女士们先生们,我们没有赚到奴隶交易的钱。
1036	We made our wealth, our heritage, by being good global citizens.	我们通过成为良好的全球公民来创造我们的财富和遗产。
1037	We abolished the slave trade.	我们废除了奴隶贸易。
1038	No empire in history has ever done that.	历史上没有哪个帝国这样做过.
1039	And it was—I'm not taking any interruptions—and it was	它... 我不会中断的...
1040	William Wilberforce's son, third son, Samuel Wilberforce,	威廉·威尔伯福斯的儿子,第三子塞缪尔·威尔伯福斯,
1041	who, not so far from here, was able, as a bishop in the Christian church, to debate with Thomas Huxley	他作为基督教会的主教能够和托马斯·赫克斯利辩论
1042	over the issue of evolution and whether or not mankind was descended from apes,	对于进化的问题, 以及人类是否从人猿中诞生,
1043	was able to debate that at a time when Christianity was powerful, at a time when Christianity could	在基督教强大的时候,在基督教可以
1044	have shut down Thomas Huxley, at a time when Christianity could have done to Thomas Huxley	已经关闭托马斯・赫克斯利, 此时基督教可以做托马斯・赫克斯利
1045	what so many people in this chamber, in this university, wish to do to voices of dissent,	在这个会议厅里,在这个大学里,这么多人都想对异见的声音做什么,
1046	cancel them.	取消他们。
1047	But they didn't.	但他们没有。
1048	They had a civil debate in 1860 about the theory of evolution,	他们于1860年就进化论进行了民间辩论,
1049	and that ended in good spirits, and they had supper together afterwards.	然后他们一起吃晚餐
1050	That was in 1860.	这是在1860年。
1051	I'm going to defend Cecil Rhodes, I'm afraid.	恐怕我要为塞西尔·罗兹辩护
1052	Cecil Rhodes was not a racist.	塞西尔·罗兹不是种族主义者
1053	The concept is	概念是
1054	fundamentally flawed.	根本有缺陷。
1055	Cecil Rhodes was one of our Great Britons.	塞西尔·罗兹是我们的大不列颠人之一
1056	Cecil Rhodes came to this university	塞西尔·罗兹来这所大学
1057	in 1873, to Oriel College, no less, to which he bequeathed after he left, having set up a diamond	1873年,奥瑞尔学院,同样地, 他离开后遗赠, 建立了钻石
1058	business, one of the greatest businesses, still going, having been Prime Minister, having expanded	商业,最伟大的企业之一, 仍然去,曾经是总理, 扩大了
1059	the extent of the empire, having had his grave, by the way, attended for decades by the Matabele,	帝国的范围, 有了他的坟墓,顺便说一句, 数十年的马塔贝勒人出席,
1060	who he was ostensibly accused of having oppressed.	他显然被指控为受压迫者。
1061	Cecil Rhodes was a hero, and I want to read—yeah,	塞西尔·罗兹是个英雄我想读...
1062	you lot need to listen to this—I want to read what he actually said in his last will and testament.	你们需要听听这个我想看看他在遗愿和遗嘱中所说的话
1063	It may come as a shock to some of you, but it shouldn't.	这可能令你们中的一些人感到震惊,但不应该这样。
1064	What he said in his last will and	他在遗书中说的话
1065	testament is in respect of the Rhodes Scholarship.	证词涉及罗兹奖学金。
1066	No student shall be qualified or disqualified for	任何学生不得具备或取消其资格
1067	election on account of his race or religious opinion.	由于他的种族或宗教见解而当选。
1068	That is fundamentally unprejudiced and	这根本上是没有偏见的,而且
1069	not racist, and if you can't get that through your heads, you really are not getting a very good	不是种族主义,如果你不能通过你的头, 你真的没有得到一个很好
1070	education at Oxford anymore.	牛津大学的教育
1071	I find it frankly barbaric that those of you in 2016, I think it was,	我坦率地说,你们在2016年,我觉得是,
1072	that made the case, not against Cecil Rhodes—fine, we can debate Cecil Rhodes if you really want to,	我们不是针对塞西尔·罗兹的如果你真的想的话我们可以辩论塞西尔·罗兹
1073	you'll lose that debate—but those of you in this university who made the case to tear down	你会输掉这场辩论... ...但是你们大学里那些提出诉讼的人
1074	his statue.	他的雕像。他的雕像。
1075	That is barbaric.	这是野蛮的。
1076	That is near-list.	这是近乎清单。
1077	That is turning your back on the very values that	这让你背弃那些价值
1078	Mr Ashworth was talking about.	阿什沃斯先生在谈论。
1079	And then the last Great Britain that I want to talk about,	然后,最后的大不列颠我想谈论,
1080	who has been also introduced during this debate, is Winston Churchill.	温斯顿·丘吉尔也是在辩论中被介绍的。
1081	Make no mistake that without	不要犯错,没有
1082	Winston Churchill none of you would be here.	温斯顿・丘吉尔,你们不会在这里。
1083	It is on the shoulders of people like William	它在威廉这样的人的肩上
1084	Wilderforce, Samuel Wilberforce, Thomas Huxley, Cecil Rhodes, Nelson and of course Winston Churchill	维尔德福斯塞缪尔·威尔伯福斯托马斯·赫克斯利塞西尔·罗兹纳尔逊当然还有温斯顿·丘吉尔
1085	that we have the great benefit of being in this chamber today.	我们今天在这个会议厅里有巨大的好处。
1086	The reason we had to give up the	我们不得不放弃的原因
1087	British Empire is because we, this country, the United Kingdom, Britain, Winston Churchill sacrificed	大英帝国是因为我们,这个国家,英国, 温斯顿·丘吉尔牺牲了
1088	our wealth in pursuing and protecting our civil liberties, our way of life, our democracy, so that	我们在追求和保护公民自由、生活方式、民主方面的财富
1089	the world could be saved from Nazi Germany.	世界可以从纳粹德国手中拯救出来
1090	And if you think—I don't care—if you think that isn't	如果你认为... 我不在乎... 如果你认为不是...
1091	enough evidence of why the sun should never have set on the British Empire, let me just leave you	足够证明为什么太阳不该落到大英帝国的地上让我离开你
1092	this last point.	最后一点
1093	Though I've got a bit more to say after this last point.	虽然我还有话要说
1094	Let me leave you with	让我离开你
1095	this last point.	最后一点
1096	When the Empire was beginning to be brought to a close we set up the Commonwealth.	当帝国开始关闭的时候我们建立了联邦
1097	Virtually every single member of the Empire joined the Commonwealth.	几乎每个帝国成员都加入了英联邦.
1098	You are all coming	你们都来了
1099	from far reaches of the British Empire, many of you coming from far reaches of the British Empire,	很多人来自大英帝国的远方
1100	to Oxford and you're welcomed here and yet you come here and you produce our history and you tell	到牛津,你在这里受到欢迎, 但你来到这里,你制作我们的历史,你告诉
1101	lies about our history and that is not acceptable.	谎言我们的历史,这是不可接受的。
1102	And I am sick and tired of hearing people in the	我厌倦了听到人们在
1103	pursuit of, I think you touched on it Olivia, progressive discrimination which is nothing	追求,我想你碰了它奥利维亚, 进步性歧视,这没什么
1104	other than racism and prejudice.	种族主义和偏见除外。
1105	I'm sick and tired of sacrificing our values, the values about	我厌倦了牺牲我们的价值观和价值
1106	which Mr Ashworth spoke, on the altar of this failed progressive discrimination.	Ashworth先生所说的, 这场失败的渐进歧视的祭坛上。
1107	This is	这是
1108	the greatest country in the world.	世界上最伟大的国家。
1109	It had the greatest empire in the world.	它拥有世界上最伟大的帝国。
1110	That empire delivered	那个帝国送来了
1111	unbelievable good for the world and it is a tragedy that the sun has set or is setting.	对世界来说,这是令人难以置信的好,这是太阳已经或正在降临的悲剧。
1112	I	一、导言
1113	think as you rightly pointed out we do still have the Falklands and a few other islands.	正如你正确指出的我们还有福克兰群岛和其他几个岛屿
1114	It is a tragedy that that is not recognized and it is to your detriment that it's not recognized	悲剧是不被承认的也不利于你
1115	because if you were to recognize it and take your lead from these very great forefathers that we	因为如果你认识它并且从这些伟大的祖先那里领头我们
1116	had we would you would be better off and we as a country and the world generally would be much	狦穦 и琌瓣產 常穦
1117	better off.	最好别这样
1118	Thank you very much ladies and gentlemen.	非常感谢女士们先生们
1119	Thank you.	谢谢
1120	Thank you Ken.	谢谢你肯
1121	I now look to Ms Davidson to close the case for side opposition.	我现在指望戴维森女士结束对侧反对派的指控。
1122	Thank you so much.	非常感谢
1123	Mr President, I began my contribution tonight by wrapping around me my	总统先生,我今晚开始投稿时, 将我的作品包在我身上
1124	indigenous language.	土著语言。
1125	In my indigenous language I refer to my ancestral mountains, my sacred rivers,	在我的土著语言中,我指的是我的祖先山,我的神圣河流,
1126	my collective peoples.	我的集体人民。
1127	我属于Te Rarawa、Ngapuhi、Ngati Porou和Ngati的亲属团体。
1128	Tahinga.	塔兴嘎.
1129	This is how my people introduce ourselves.	这就是我国人民自我介绍的方式。
1130	Sometimes we don't even get to our names.	有时候我们甚至连名字都不知道
1131	Anything we have to say cannot stand without first saying who we are and where we are from	我们不得不说的一切,不能不先说出我们是谁,我们来自哪里
1132	and that is the point I assure you when speaking against empire.	这才是我向你们保证反对帝国的要点
1133	So thank you for coming with me	所以谢谢你跟我来
1134	on this.	这个
1135	You will know me first by the waters and soils that hold the blood and dreams of my elders.	你将首先认识我水和土壤持有我的长者血液和梦想。
1136	This introduction is not just a metaphorical anchor to place.	这一介绍不仅仅是一个隐喻性的锚。
1137	Those mountains really are	这些山真的是
1138	my ancient elders.	吾古长者.
1139	We have a saying.	我们有句谚语
1140	I am the river and the river is me.	我是河流,河流就是我。
1141	She flows through our	她流经我们这里
1142	veins as life force.	血管作为生命力。
1143	Now in a traditional setting you would also hear the name of my waterfalls,	现在在一个传统的环境中,你也会听到我瀑布的名字,
1144	my marae or traditional meeting houses, my waka or sea voyaging vessels, my rangatira,	我的玛拉或传统聚会室我的醒悟或海上游艇我的兰加蒂拉
1145	my chiefs and my burial grounds.	我的酋长和我的墓地
1146	But the short version that I instead offered lets you all off	但是,我提供的短版本让大家离开
1147	the hook tonight.	钩子今晚。
1148	What this introduction still signals is eons of connection my people have	这个介绍的信号仍然连接着我的人
1149	as tangata whenua, people of the land to Aotearoa which you know as New Zealand.	以丹加塔(英语:Tangata yeua)为国人,至奥特亚罗阿(英语:Aotearoa),你们称为新西兰。
1150	It signals a	它表示一个
1151	relationship with our living systems rather than dominance over them.	与我们的生活系统的关系,而不是对它们的支配。
1152	It signals centuries of	它象征着几个世纪
1153	indigenous expertise that is critical to the challenges our world faces.	对世界面临的挑战至关重要的本地专门知识。
1154	It highlights the	它突出了
1155	responsibility I have to many generations of grandparents, likewise to my many generations	我对几代祖父母也有责任,对几代人也有责任
1156	of grandchildren.	孙子
1157	Mr President, I did not travel all this way from my homelands to the motherland	总统先生,我没有从祖国一路走来
1158	of British Empire to academicise my people.	大英帝国将我的人学术化
1159	I came to tell our story.	我来讲我们的故事。
1160	I was born to teenage	我出生在十几岁
1161	parents who met on the steps of parliament speaking truth to power about the theft of our land and our	父母在议会的阶梯上相遇向权力说出我们的土地和我们的土地被盗的真相
1162	language through colonial violence.	语言通过殖民暴力。
1163	I am a product of what we all know as a very ordinary occurrence	我是一个我们都知道的产物作为一个非常普通的事件
1164	in Hāti activism when the passion of the streets takes to the sheets.	在Hāti运动中当街道的激情进入床单。
1165	Okay, if there were a few laughs I was supposed to say that that gratuitous sex line was my first	好吧,如果有几个笑,我应该说, 那无缘无故的性线是我的第一个
1166	blatant grab for a laugh.	明目张胆地抓着笑
1167	So I'm not a comedian but I am a citizen of the world, granted a	所以我不是喜剧演员但我是世界公民被授予
1168	privileged platform as a political leader.	作为政治领导人的特权纲领。
1169	My parents gifted me with a responsibility to support	我父母送我一个支持的责任
1170	our collective relationship building work for a world that puts our shared dignity first.	我们的集体关系建设为一个把共同尊严放在首位的世界而努力。
1171	For a	对于a
1172	world passionately focused on the well-being of our oceans and forests and threatened species and	世界热衷于我们海洋和森林以及受威胁物种和
1173	climate.	气候。
1174	For a world that is accountable to injustice.	为了一个对不公正负责的世界。
1175	My parents were part of an uprising	我父母是起义的一部分
1176	of young Māori in the 1970s who had been dislocated to urban centres from their rural homelands.	20世纪70年代离开农村家园前往城市中心的年轻毛利人。
1177	They questioned why their elders had denied them the poetry of their indigenous tongue.	他们问,为什么他们的长辈拒绝给他们讲土著语言的诗歌。
1178	Why did they not know their mountains and waters?	他们怎么不知道自己的山水呢?
1179	Why were they disconnected from their	為什麼他們會與他們的
1180	kinspeople?	亲戚?
1181	Why are generations of our people driven into poverty while our stolen pristine	为什么我们这几代人被困在贫困之中而我们被偷走的原始
1182	lands built generations of wealth for non-Māori farmers?	土地为非毛利人农民创造了几代人的财富?
1183	The brutality of empire and colonisation	帝国和殖民的残暴
1184	stole my land and my language and defiled our knowledge.	偷走了我的土地和语言玷污了我们的知识
1185	就像Don Breached一样,我是
1186	far too self-righteous for your point of order.	太自以为是了
1187	Indigenous resistance is bringing it back.	土著的抵抗正在把它带回来。
1188	Decolonising structures of power plants seed for change.	电厂种子的去殖民结构换代.
1189	Re-indigenising the world embeds	使世界重新植根
1190	justice for the many and not just for the few.	为许多人伸张正义,而不只是少数人。
1191	So Mr President I have come to the other side of the	总统先生,我来到了另一边
1192	with my colonised ancestors and communities in size 16 font to oppose the notion that the	与我的殖民祖先和社区大小16字体反对的概念
1193	house believes the sun should have never set on the British Empire.	房子认为太阳不应该落到大英帝国的头上
1194	My proposition instead is that	我的提议是
1195	empires in a broader sense have yet to face nightfall.	更广义的帝国还没有面对夜幕降临.
1196	But the sooner the sun goes down	但太阳越早下山
1197	on empire the better because its gluttony has left generational ruin around the world.	在帝国越好因为它的奢侈已经给世界带来了世代的毁灭
1198	There needs to be accountability and redress for this wrongdoing and it is in this pathway to	需要追究这一不法行为的责任,并对此进行补救。
1199	justice that we repair our relationships to each other and to our planet.	正义,我们修复我们彼此的关系和我们的星球。
1200	Through relational work	通过关系工作
1201	we forge a future together where power is shared instead of weaponised.	我们一起打造一个共享力量而不是武器化的未来。
1202	Now we can all see that	现在我们都能看见了
1203	the sun threatens to set on imperial lust for the wealth of others which is why it is digging even	太阳威胁着帝国对他人财富的贪婪所以它正在挖平
1204	deeper right now.	现在更深
1205	I see you peoples of Palestine and Sudan, Congo and West Papua, Myanmar and Ukraine	我看到你们巴勒斯坦和苏丹、刚果和西巴布亚、缅甸和乌克兰的人民。
1206	and so many more current atrocities sharing the foundation of colonisation.	以及许多现在的暴行都与殖民有关
1207	I see your dignity as	我看你的尊严
1208	empires shred their own.	帝国自残
1209	From my own country I bring to this debate my grandmother Patricia Charlotte	我从我自己的国家带我的祖母帕特里夏·夏洛特参加这次辩论
1210	and the trauma she took to her grave after being in colonial schools beaten for speaking the only	在殖民地的学校里被殴打后她被送入坟墓的创伤
1211	language she knew.	她知道的语言。
1212	This silenced the Māori language in our family for the next three generations.	这使我们家的毛利语在后三代都沉默了下来.
1213	Returning to a contemporary context I see my Green MP colleagues fighting right now in our	回到当代背景我看见我的绿色议员同事正在战斗中
1214	parliament against laws that remove the obligation for schools to teach our native language and	议会反对取消学校教授本族语言和
1215	history.	历史
1216	I see them fighting a bill right now that threatens the ability for Māori to challenge	我看见他们现在在打一个法案威胁到毛利人挑战的能力
1217	corporate infringement of indigenous rights.	公司侵犯土著权利。
1218	These are legislative attacks against my people,	这些是针对我国人民的立法攻击,
1219	our culture and our sovereignty.	我们的文化和主权。
1220	It makes mockery of the goodwill and relationships that Māori	它嘲笑毛利人的善意和关系。
1221	and non-Māori have built up over many generations despite the divisive and false rhetoric	尽管存在分裂和虚假的言论,但非毛利人已几代人积聚起来。
1222	claiming Māori have extra privileges.	声称毛利人享有额外特权。
1223	Instead of privilege the impact of empire today is ongoing	帝国今天的影响是持续的
1224	injustice.	不公正。
1225	It means that Māori are three times more likely to be prosecuted than non-Māori for	这意味着毛利人被起诉的可能性是非毛利人的三倍。
1226	committing the same offences.	犯下同样罪行。
1227	It means that Māori are disproportionately without housing,	这意味着毛利人不成比例地没有住房,
1228	are disproportionately living in material hardship and are unfairly denied basic services	不成比例地生活在物质困难中,并不公平地被剥夺基本服务;
1229	compared to non-Māori.	与非毛利人相比。
1230	But as we have seen tonight the arguments of those normalizing the	但是,正如我们今晚所看到的那样, 那些使...
1231	supremacy and exploitation of empire are stale and unimaginative, peddling superiority with their	霸权主义和对帝国的剥削是一种虚构的毫无想象力的
1232	throats and without irony.	喉咙和没有讽刺。
1233	And I get why it is hard to relinquish this empire fantasy.	我知道为什么放弃这个帝国的幻想是很难的
1234	The project of colonisation has rather successfully been a vessel to carry out the cruelty of	殖民化项目相当成功地成为了进行残酷屠杀的工具。
1235	capitalism.	资本主义.
1236	When an economic system exploits people and our environment to hoard wealth	当一个经济体系利用人民和我们的环境来囤积财富
1237	for the few, it leaves those least responsible to bear the most harm from climate change,	对于少数人来说,它让那些对气候变化承担最大损害的责任最小的人,
1238	inequity and environmental destruction.	不公平和环境破坏。
1239	This is the mission of empire.	这是帝国的使命
1240	A path of	路径
1241	destruction is left behind for my people to clean up while wealth was shipped back here to this land	在财富被运回这片土地的时候毁灭就留给我国人民清理
1242	but as Zara said not for everybody.	但正如扎拉说的不是为每个人。
1243	As this mission ran out of people and land to exploit and steal	由于这次任务耗尽了人命和土地来剥削和偷窃
1244	the hardships fall not just on my people but all those now struggling to access housing	困难不仅落在我国人民身上,而且落在了所有那些正在争取住房的人身上。
1245	and health care, fair pay and working conditions and the means to support their families.	保健、公平薪酬和工作条件以及养家糊口的手段。
1246	There lies the solidarity.	团结是存在的。
1247	While empires try to turn regular folk just trying to survive	当帝国试图改变普通的民俗只是为了生存
1248	against each other, people still show up in community to support each other and reject	对抗对方,人们仍然出现在社区里互相支持,拒绝
1249	the proposed division.	提议师
1250	This is where the hope is.	即是所愿处.
1251	In my country, hope looks like having a brand new	在我国,希望似乎有全新的
1252	public holiday, Matariki, the Māori New Year, as a day for remembering all of our ancestors.	公共节日,Matariki,毛利新年,作为纪念我们所有祖先的一天.
1253	It looks like diverse peoples of Aotearoa standing together against racism and corporate greed	它看起来像不同民族奥特亚罗亚团结在一起反对种族主义和公司贪婪
1254	in the largest protests we have ever seen in my country.	在我国发生的最大规模的抗议中
1255	看起来像Puke Mokimoki Marae,
1256	a meeting house in Hawke's Bay, becoming a crucial welfare hub for locals of all backgrounds	霍克湾的会馆成为所有背景的当地人的重要福利中心
1257	following disastrous flooding.	在灾难性的洪水之后
1258	It looks like record numbers of people, not just Māori,	看起来是创纪录的人数, 不只是毛利人,
1259	embracing and honouring the Māori language.	接受并尊重毛利语。
1260	These are the stories of how empire falls.	这些是帝国如何衰落的故事。
1261	Mr President, it is daunting to stand here as the first Māori woman to take part in the Oxford	总统先生,作为第一位参加牛津大学的毛利妇女站在这里令人望而生畏。
1262	debates.	辩论。
1263	我想承认 Te Arawa人的Makariti Papakura, 第一个土著
1264	and Māori woman to study at Oxford over 100 years ago who was last month posthumously awarded a	以及100多年前在牛津学习的毛利妇女上个月被授予
1265	Master's degree.	硕士学位.
1266	I also want to acknowledge the late Georgina Bayer, the first Wāhine Māori,	我还要感谢已故的乔治娜·拜尔, 第一个Wāhine毛利人,
1267	to address the Oxford Union.	向牛津大学联合会致辞。
1268	She came to share her experiences as a phenomenal politician	她来分享她作为政治家的经验
1269	who also happened to be a trans woman.	也碰巧是个越野女人
1270	Makariti and Georgina were relentlessly focused on their	马卡里蒂和乔治娜无情地专注于他们的
1271	stories of home.	回家的故事。
1272	I am humbled to stand with them in our unique truth as Indigenous women poised	我谦卑地站在他们面前我们独特的真理当土著妇女准备好
1273	despite the patriarchy.	尽管父权制。
1274	I began my contribution with language.	我以语言开始我的贡献。
1275	I will end it with my language	我会用我的语言结束它
1276	also.	还有
1277	Throughout my delivery, I cite the significance of my grandmother tongue through	在整个分娩过程中,我引用我祖母舌头的重要性
1278	our stories of loss and reclamation.	我们的损失和开垦的故事。
1279	Empires understand the power of language as the threat	帝国将语言的力量理解为威胁
1280	to their cause, which is why they target it incessantly.	他们的事业,正因为如此,他们不断把它当作目标。
1281	This very Oxford Union was founded	牛津邦联成立
1282	on the idea of freedom of speech.	关于言论自由的想法。
1283	While you all would have loved my nana, I dare hope that you	你们都会喜欢我奶奶的我敢希望你们
1284	would have been the first, especially you, Ben, to protect her right not just to speak but to do it	本来是第一个,特别是你,本,保护她的权利不只是说话,而是做
1285	in her own language.	在她自己的语言。
1286	Mr. President, I declare in the shadows of my ancestors that the sun must	总统先生,我在我的祖先的阴影下宣布,太阳必须
1287	set not just on the British Empire but the whole project of empire and that accountability,	不仅仅是大英帝国而是整个帝国计划以及责任
1288	redress and a reset of power back to the collective of peoples is the only way that we will repair	恢复人民集体的力量是我们修复
1289	our connections back to each other and for our collective grandchildren.	我们彼此间的联系以及我们集体的孙子
1290	Now I don't know how	现在,我不知道如何
1291	my ancestors somehow set me next to Don Brash tonight, but I implore you to vote if your	我的祖先今晚不知何故把我放在唐·布拉什旁边但我恳求你投票如果你的
1292	heart can find it for humanity and I will take that win even if it means sharing it with someone	心可以找到它的人性,我会赢,即使它意味着分享它的人
1293	who stood here and devalued my people.	他们站在这里贬低我的人的价值
1294	Mr. President, thank you for having me here tonight.	主席先生,谢谢你让我今晚来到这里。
1295	Thanks to all of you for receiving my story.	感谢你们收到我的故事
1296	It really is a significant honour for my family and I.	这真是我和我的家人的荣耀
1297	ē(学名:Tênā koutou)为out科ia属下的一个种.

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