《经济学人》有闲阶级论：中国人学会放松了吗？ [B2] 原声
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剧集目录
| 集 | 标题 | 时长 |
|---|---|---|
| P1 | 《经济学人》有闲阶级论：中国人学会放松了吗？ [B2] 原声 | 10:22 |
P1 · 《经济学人》有闲阶级论：中国人学会放松了吗？ [B2] p01 原声 (P1)
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字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | China | 中国 |
| 0:05 | A theory of the leisure class. | 休闲课理论. |
| 0:08 | Can China finally relax? | 中国终于可以放松了吗? |
| 0:12 | Not crazy rich Asians, but contemplative affluent Chinese. | 不是疯狂的富有亚洲人,而是富有的中国人。 |
| 0:17 | Near Bei Daihe, the seaside resort where China's leaders gather for their summer conclave, | 在北戴河附近,海边度假胜地 中国领导人聚集于此 |
| 0:23 | sits Aranya, a gated complex known as a middle-class utopia. | 座落着阿兰雅,一座门楼建筑群,被称为中产阶级乌托邦. |
| 0:29 | Visitors kitesurf, meditate and stroll down manicured streets where many have second homes. | 游客风筝,冥想和漫步在杂乱无章的街道上,许多人有第二套住房。 |
| 0:36 | More than 4.6 million tourists visited last year, up from 3.4 million in 2024. | 去年游客超过460万人次,比2024年的340万人次有所增加. |
| 0:45 | They queue for the minimalist canteens, attend theatre, music and film festivals, | 他们排队去最小的食堂 参加戏剧、音乐和电影节 |
| 0:50 | and admire the brutalist library. | 并欣赏残暴的图书馆。 |
展开字幕全文（110 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 中国 |
| 2 | A theory of the leisure class. | 休闲课理论. |
| 3 | Can China finally relax? | 中国终于可以放松了吗? |
| 4 | Not crazy rich Asians, but contemplative affluent Chinese. | 不是疯狂的富有亚洲人,而是富有的中国人。 |
| 5 | Near Bei Daihe, the seaside resort where China's leaders gather for their summer conclave, | 在北戴河附近,海边度假胜地 中国领导人聚集于此 |
| 6 | sits Aranya, a gated complex known as a middle-class utopia. | 座落着阿兰雅,一座门楼建筑群,被称为中产阶级乌托邦. |
| 7 | Visitors kitesurf, meditate and stroll down manicured streets where many have second homes. | 游客风筝,冥想和漫步在杂乱无章的街道上,许多人有第二套住房。 |
| 8 | More than 4.6 million tourists visited last year, up from 3.4 million in 2024. | 去年游客超过460万人次,比2024年的340万人次有所增加. |
| 9 | They queue for the minimalist canteens, attend theatre, music and film festivals, | 他们排队去最小的食堂 参加戏剧、音乐和电影节 |
| 10 | and admire the brutalist library. | 并欣赏残暴的图书馆。 |
| 11 | The emergence in China of a bourgeoisie has not led to democracy, as many hoped, | 中国出现资产阶级并没有像许多人所希望的那样走向民主, |
| 12 | but it has fuelled a leisure industry, catering to affluent overworked people in search of personal fulfilment. | 但它刺激了一个休闲产业, 迎合富裕的过度工作的人 寻求个人的满足。 |
| 13 | Aranya is so popular because it embodies the way people were meant to live, | Aranya很受欢迎 因为它体现了人们的生活方式 |
| 14 | says Gao Pei, a teacher from Beijing, who bought a holiday home there this year. | 高培说,从北京来的老师,今年在那里买了度假住宅. |
| 15 | The leisure class, defined by Torstein Veblen, an American economist, in the late 19th century, | 19世纪后期美国经济学家托尔斯泰因·维布伦定义的休闲课, |
| 16 | is made up of people showing off how little they need to work. | 由显示自己需要工作的人组成。 |
| 17 | In China, it is still small, but a much broader swathe of society values leisure. | 在中国,它仍然很小,但社会范围更广,重视休闲。 |
| 18 | By 2025, more than half of urban Chinese households, around 200 million of them, | 到2025年,超过一半的城市华人家庭,约2亿户, |
| 19 | counted as upper middle class or above, making at least 165,000 yuan, | 计算为中上层或以上,至少人民币16.5万元, |
| 20 | that's about $23,000 a year, reckons McKinsey a consultancy. | 每年约23000美元 麦肯锡是顾问 |
| 21 | Discussions of China's work culture stress two extremes. | 关于中国工作文化的讨论强调两个极端. |
| 22 | 996, working nine to nine, six days a week, and lying flat, quitting the rat race altogether. | 996,每周工作9到9天,6天,躺平,完全退出老鼠比赛. |
| 23 | But most of China's middle class lies in between. | 但中国的中产阶级大多处于两者之间. |
| 24 | They want to work a bit less and they want to get more out of their free time. | 他们想工作少一点,想从空闲时间得到更多. |
| 25 | Spending on culture, sport and other leisure is a bright spot in a gloomy retail sector. | 花在文化、体育和其他休闲上,是一个暗淡的零售部门的一个亮点。 |
| 26 | Some hiking guides, who previously counted only foreigners as clients, | 一些徒步指南,他们以前只算外国人的客户, |
| 27 | now serve Chinese customers decked out in new gear as more take to the hills for the first time. | 现在为中国顾客服务 换成新装备 第一次登山 |
| 28 | The Communist Party seems happy for people to enjoy leisure, | 共产党似乎很高兴 人们享受休闲, |
| 29 | which can open their wallets and recharge them for work, | 可以打开钱包,并充电工作, |
| 30 | so long as they do not drop out in disillusionment or rise up in disaffection. | 只要他们不因为幻觉而辍学 也不因为不满而上升 |
| 31 | In a bookshop in Aranya, a visitor photographs a fridge magnet proclaiming, | 在Aranya的一家书店,一位访客拍下了冰箱磁铁, |
| 32 | it's legal to take a break. | 休息是正当的 |
| 33 | China long needed that reminder. | 中国早就需要这种提醒。 |
| 34 | Its work ethic is deeply entrenched. | 它的工作道德根深蒂固。 |
| 35 | The proverb, one wu sung ju, warns that indulgence in play ruins ambition. | 一句谚语,一个wu sung ju, 警告说,玩耍的放纵会破坏野心。 |
| 36 | Attitudes began to shift after Deng Xiaoping spearheaded radical market oriented economic reforms in the late 1970s. | 1970年代末邓小平率先进行激进的面向市场的经济改革后,态度开始转变. |
| 37 | Then in 1995, the government introduced a two day weekend, laxly enforced, | 之后在1995年,政府引入了两天的周末,放松执行, |
| 38 | and in 1999, three week long holidays called golden weeks. | 在1999年,3周的假期称为黄金周。 |
| 39 | As China got richer, working hours declined. | 随着中国日益富裕,工作时间下降。 |
| 40 | Leisure became a standard feature of life, as a recent report by a government think tank put it. | 休闲成为了生活的一个标准特征,正如一个政府智囊团最近的报告所说. |
| 41 | Wang Qiyan of Runmin University, who has for decades surveyed how people in China spend their time, | 鲁能大学的王纪燕 几十年来一直在调查中国人是如何度过的 |
| 42 | points to 2017 to 2018 as when they started living like real humans and were happiest, | 指2017年到2018年,当他们开始像真正的人类一样生活,并且最快乐的时候, |
| 43 | sleeping enough, playing more and making decent money. | 睡够了,玩得更多,赚得像样 |
| 44 | Slower economic growth has recently cut urban residents leisure time from 5.91 hours on weekdays in 2024 | 最近经济增长较慢,使城市居民的休闲时间从2024年的5.91小时缩短。 |
| 45 | to just 3.66 hours in 2025, according to the think tank survey. | 根据智囊团的调查 2025年只有3.66小时 |
| 46 | But that bucks an upward trend. | 但这个钱呈上升趋势。 |
| 47 | Mr. Wang, a government advisor, advocates a four day working week. | 政府顾问王先生主张每周工作四天. |
| 48 | Shenhui Shan, a 24 year old working in e-commerce, says her generation works to live, not the other way around. | 沈辉 24岁从事电子商务的山说,她这一代人努力生活,而不是相反。 |
| 49 | She recently took three days off, unpaid, to explore Puer, a city in southwestern China, | 她最近请了三天假,没工资,去探索浦尔,中国西南部的一座城市, |
| 50 | famous for its tea and coffee. | 以茶和咖啡闻名. |
| 51 | At a local roastery, she and 50 other rapt tourists listened to a barista explain the bean to cup cycle. | 在当地一家烤肉店里,她和其他50名猛禽游客听了一位酒保解释豆子到杯循环. |
| 52 | Her parents were baffled by why she would throw away wages to travel. | 她的父母对为什么她要放弃旅行工资感到困惑。 |
| 53 | Many in China complain that effort is no longer rewarded. | 中国许多人抱怨说,这种努力不再得到奖励。 |
| 54 | Only a few young people have jumped off the treadmill altogether, | 只有几个年轻人跳下跑步机 |
| 55 | but most have lost faith in China's traditional work culture, | 但大多数人对中国的传统工作文化失去了信心, |
| 56 | says Sheng Biao of the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology in Germany. | 说德国马克斯·普朗克社会人类学研究所的盛彪. |
| 57 | Many long to slow down, even as a weak economy and the threat to jobs from AI oblige them to speed up. | 许多人渴望放慢速度,即使经济疲软和AI对工作的威胁也迫使他们加快速度。 |
| 58 | Mr. Sheng argues that leisure soothes this intensifying tension, | 盛先生认为 闲暇会缓解紧张 |
| 59 | as unhappy workers turn to the gym, micro dramas and games. | 当不快乐的工人转向健身房, 微型剧和游戏。 |
| 60 | Chun Chun of One Way Space, a bookshop chain with a branch in Aranya, | 单道空间的春春 书店连锁店 在阿兰雅有分店 |
| 61 | notes how book displays have shifted from management studies towards self-reflection and time allocation. | 注意到图书展示如何从管理研究转向自我反思和时间分配。 |
| 62 | In the past, people just wanted to know how to succeed, he says. | 他说,过去人们只是想知道如何成功。 |
| 63 | Now it's more about how to cultivate self-awareness, how to relax, how to rest. | 现在更多的是如何培养自我意识,如何放松,如何休息. |
| 64 | Catering to this, the shop hosts bookshop sleepovers and tipsy reading nights. | 店里有书店的店铺 过夜和醉酒的读书夜 |
| 65 | The party knows that leisure helps boost consumption and keep workers happy. | 该党知道,休闲有助于刺激消费,使工人幸福. |
| 66 | It is trying to promote holidays and curb overtime. | 它正在努力促进节假日和限制加班。 |
| 67 | In August, a notice from Hernan's provincial government asking bosses to simplify leave | 8月,河南省政府通知老板简化休假手续 |
| 68 | approvals and set an example by using all their own holiday went viral. | 批准和树立榜样 利用他们所有的节日都变得充满了病毒 |
| 69 | Other provinces also attacked the unhealthy work culture in which many dare not take leave. | 其他省份也攻击了不健康的工作文化,许多人不敢休假。 |
| 70 | But the party fears workers taking it too easy. | 但党怕工人太过容易. |
| 71 | The cyberspace regulator has censored excessively pessimistic emotions like | 网络空间监管者审查过度悲观的情绪,比如 |
| 72 | lying flat, which the Ministry of State Security this year blamed on foreign brainwashing. | 躺着,这是国家安全部今年 指责外国洗脑。 |
| 73 | For many embracing leisure, politics feels far away. | 对许多人来说,政治是遥远的。 |
| 74 | Party does most things well, so we just let them handle it, | 党做大多数事情好, 所以我们只是让他们处理它, |
| 75 | says Jason Ji, an engineer from Shanghai, at a show at the Aranya Art Centre. | 说杰森智,上海工程师,在阿兰雅艺术中心演出. |
| 76 | That leaves more time for pursuing personal interests, he says, | 他说,这给追求个人利益留下了更多的时间, |
| 77 | such as high rocks, a German fitness competition that has caught on in China, | 比如高石头,德国健身比赛 在中国上演, |
| 78 | or family staycations in architect-designed hotels. | 或住进建筑师设计的旅馆 |
| 79 | Puer has now become a popular destination for hobbyists. | 普尔现已成为爱好者热门的目的地. |
| 80 | Tourists come to the unhurried city to reset before returning to work, says Wang Yan, | 游客来无急市重设后再复工,王 Yan说: |
| 81 | a 27-year-old local burned out from her solar industry job. | 一个27岁的当地人 被她太阳能工业的工作烧掉了 |
| 82 | She opened one of the many handicrafts workshops around town. | 她在城里开设了许多手工业车间之一。 |
| 83 | Adults deprived of play by an intense education system can finally cut loose. | 被密集的教育制度剥夺了游戏权的成年人最终可以松懈. |
| 84 | It's all about making it up to your younger self, she says, | 这都是为了补偿你年轻的自我 她说 |
| 85 | as patrons hammer flower prints onto bags and tie-dye clothing. | 作为赞助商 锤子花印 在袋和领带干衣。 |
| 86 | Meanwhile, a foraging guide identifies mushrooms resembling trumpets and brooms for city folk. | 同时,一个饲料指南为城市居民识别出类似小号的蘑菇和扫帚. |
| 87 | I feel like I'm still alive, says 26-year-old Wang Ke Yi as she scans the forest floor. | 我觉得自己还活着,说26岁的王克仪在扫描森林地板时. |
| 88 | At a cafe in Aranya, Zheng Ling attributes her life of leisure to graft and luck. | 在阿兰雅的一家咖啡馆,郑玲将她的闲暇生活归结为风采和幸运. |
| 89 | The 42-year-old and her husband started a gaming company as the industry was taking off two decades | 42岁和她丈夫创办了一家游戏公司 20年的行业正在起飞 |
| 90 | ago. | 刚才 |
| 91 | Work swallowed everything as they saved for a house, a car, and Beijing residency permits. | 工作吞噬了一切,他们节省了房子、汽车和北京居住证。 |
| 92 | They benefited from China's boom years and now think less about work. | 他们从中国的繁荣岁月中获益,现在对工作思考较少. |
| 93 | After six weeks driving through the mountainous northwest with their seven-year-old, | 和他们的七岁小孩在西北部的山上行驶了六周后 |
| 94 | they ended the summer in Aranya. | 他们结束了在阿兰雅的夏天。 |
| 95 | They don't buy handbags or jewellery and spend most on education | 他们不买手提包或珠宝 花在教育上的钱最多 |
| 96 | and going out to play, she says. | 她说要出去玩 |
| 97 | Her lifestyle will be harder for the next generation to achieve, | 她的生活方式会更难 下一代实现, |
| 98 | she reckons, noting a divide among her young employees. | 她认为,注意到她的年轻雇员之间存在差距。 |
| 99 | Those from Beijing are very free | 从北京来的人很自由 |
| 100 | because their richer families support their far-flung holidays, while the migrants, | 因为他们的富裕家庭 支持他们漫长的假期, 而移民, |
| 101 | like their parents' generation, work to save, not to play. | 就像他们父母的一代, 努力拯救,而不是玩耍。 |
| 102 | But it is the relaxed Beijingers | 但是,这是放松的北京人 |
| 103 | who represent the future. | 他们代表着未来 |
| 104 | China's reassessment of leisure is a reflection of the changing nature | 中国对闲暇的重新评估,是自然变化的反映. |
| 105 | of the tacit deal between the party and the people. | 党和人民之间的默认交易。 |
| 106 | The social contract can no longer be | 社会契约不再 |
| 107 | Gavkal龙体学的Arthur Krober说,你可以赚多少钱。 | |
| 108 | a research firm. | 一个研究公司。 |
| 109 | It has shifted to you will have an okay life and we will keep you secure | 它已经转向你,会有一个好的生活 我们将保持你的安全 |
| 110 | and give free rein for personal activities, so long, of course, as they are not political. | 自由支配个人活动,当然是长久的,因为它们不是政治性的。 |
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