《经济学人》哪怕只呼吸都会暴露：空气中的“环境DNA”正在终
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剧集目录
| 集 | 标题 | 时长 |
|---|---|---|
| P1 | 《经济学人》哪怕只呼吸都会暴露：空气中的“环境DNA”正在终 | 5:12 |
P1 · 《经济学人》哪怕只呼吸都会暴露：空气中的“环境DNA”正在终结完美犯罪 [C1] p01 原声 (P1)
![《经济学人》哪怕只呼吸都会暴露：空气中的“环境DNA”正在终结完美犯罪 [C1] p01 原声 (P1)](https://1zimu.com/subtitle/imgs/20261020/nbd9ogvrtpe2537xwrsos095_1792457465462.jpg)
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | Science and Technology | 科学和技术 |
| 0:06 | Forensics. | 法证. |
| 0:08 | Something in the air. | 有东西在空中。 |
| 0:10 | Burglars leave DNA floating behind them. | 盗贼会留下DNA |
| 0:15 | Burglars have been steadily running out of things they can safely leave behind at a crime scene. | 盗贼在犯罪现场安全地留下的东西 已经用完了 |
| 0:20 | First came footprints, then fingerprints and stray fibers. | 首先是脚印,然后是指纹和流浪纤维。 |
| 0:25 | Even microscopic strands of DNA left on tools and surfaces have been used to catch the incautious. | 即使是遗留在工具和表面的微缩DNA链,也被用来捕捉粗糙的生物。 |
| 0:33 | Now they have something else to worry about. | 现在他们还有别的事要担心 |
| 0:36 | Fragments of genetic material in the air. | 空气中遗传物质的碎片. |
| 0:40 | All people, criminals and non-criminals alike, shed tiny traces of themselves wherever they go. | 所有人,无论是罪犯还是非罪犯,无论他们到哪里,都会留下微小的痕迹。 |
展开字幕全文（41 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Science and Technology | 科学和技术 |
| 2 | Forensics. | 法证. |
| 3 | Something in the air. | 有东西在空中。 |
| 4 | Burglars leave DNA floating behind them. | 盗贼会留下DNA |
| 5 | Burglars have been steadily running out of things they can safely leave behind at a crime scene. | 盗贼在犯罪现场安全地留下的东西 已经用完了 |
| 6 | First came footprints, then fingerprints and stray fibers. | 首先是脚印,然后是指纹和流浪纤维。 |
| 7 | Even microscopic strands of DNA left on tools and surfaces have been used to catch the incautious. | 即使是遗留在工具和表面的微缩DNA链,也被用来捕捉粗糙的生物。 |
| 8 | Now they have something else to worry about. | 现在他们还有别的事要担心 |
| 9 | Fragments of genetic material in the air. | 空气中遗传物质的碎片. |
| 10 | All people, criminals and non-criminals alike, shed tiny traces of themselves wherever they go. | 所有人,无论是罪犯还是非罪犯,无论他们到哪里,都会留下微小的痕迹。 |
| 11 | Some of this material, mainly skin cells, dandruff and saliva, ends up suspended as a personal debris cloud that can hang around after the person is gone. | 其中一些材料,主要是皮肤细胞,dandruff和唾液,最后被悬浮为个人碎片云,在人消失后可以徘徊. |
| 12 | A new study published in Forensic Science International, Genetics, a journal, shows that volunteers who pretended to ransack houses in controlled tests could be identified from DNA pulled from the air 30 minutes after they scarpered. | 在《法医科学国际》杂志《遗传学》上发表的一项新研究表明,在受控测试中假装洗劫房屋的志愿者,在被刮伤30分钟后可以从空气中提取的DNA中辨认出来。 |
| 13 | As with most forensic evidence, it alone is not proof of wrongdoing, but it could raise some awkward questions for someone without a good reason to be there. | 与大多数法医证据一样,它本身并不是错失行为的证据,但它可能对没有正当理由在场的人提出一些尴尬的问题. |
| 14 | Carried out by a team led by Chiara Fantinato at Oslo University Hospital, the study is an impressive application of methods to capture and analyze what is known as environmental DNA, or eDNA, the genetic traces left by an organism in its surroundings. | 该研究由奥斯陆大学医院的Chiara Fantinato带领的团队进行,是对一种方法的令人印象深刻的应用,以捕捉和分析所谓的环境DNA,即一种生物在其周围留下的基因痕迹EDNA. |
| 15 | For more than two decades, ecologists have used eDNA from water, soil and atmosphere to detect creatures without needing to see or capture them. | 20多年来,生态学家利用水、土壤和大气中的电子DNA来探测生物,而无需看到或捕捉它们。 |
| 16 | The technique has been used to track elusive Burmese pythons in the Florida Everglades and to audit the inhabitants of Loch Ness. | 该技术被用于追踪佛罗里达Everglades地区难以捉摸的缅甸蟒蛇,并审计尼斯湖的居民. |
| 17 | Fish and plenty of eels. | 鱼和丰富的鳗鱼。 |
| 18 | No plesiosaurs. | 不许说脏话 |
| 19 | In 2022, the Oslo Group showed that enough eDNA could be collected from indoor air to construct genetic profiles of its occupants. | 2022年,奥斯陆小组表明,可以从室内空气中收集足够的电子DNA,以构建其居住者的基因特征。 |
| 20 | In a separate test, they analyzed office air to identify workers who had recently occupied the space. | 在一次单独的测试中,他们分析了办公室空气,以查明最近占用空间的工人。 |
| 21 | That led them to wonder if the same techniques could be used for forensic purposes. | 这使他们怀疑同样的技术是否可用于法医目的。 |
| 22 | Working with a group in Australia, the researchers found 22 households split evenly between Oslo and Adelaide, who were willing to allow into their homes first a mock burglar and then a forensics team in full protective gear to run an air sampling device | 研究人员与澳大利亚的一个小组合作,发现奥斯陆和阿德莱德之间有22户家庭平分,他们愿意先允许一个模拟盗窃犯进入他们的家中,然后让一个配备全套保护装备的法医小组在厨房里运行一个空气取样装置,长达几个小时. |
| 23 | The intruders were people who had never previously visited the houses. | 入侵者是以前从未参观过房屋的人。 |
| 24 | They were asked to spend 15 minutes inside, opening drawers and cupboards as a burglar might. | 他们被要求在里面呆15分钟,打开抽屉和橱柜,作为盗窃犯。 |
| 25 | After they fled the scene, the scientists waited 30 minutes to simulate the delay before investigators might arrive and then turned on what Dr. Fantinato says was basically a vacuum cleaner. | 在他们逃离现场后,科学家们等了30分钟来模拟延迟,然后调查人员可能赶到,然后打开范蒂纳托博士所说的基本上是一个吸尘器. |
| 26 | They sifted the material collected for DNA and analyzed it in the usual way. | 他们筛选了为DNA收集的材料,并以通常的方式加以分析。 |
| 27 | As airborne DNA falls to the ground, where it contributes to surface dust, the researchers also collected sweeps to build their forensic profiles. | 随着空气中的DNA坠落到地上,在地表尘埃中,研究人员还收集了扫描资料,以建立他们的法医特征。 |
| 28 | The results offered better news for housebreakers in Australia than Norway. | 结果为澳大利亚的破门而入提供了比挪威更好的消息。 |
| 29 | Whereas the samples collected in Oslo could be matched to intruders, in 82% of cases the success rate dropped to 36% for Adelaide. | 在奥斯陆收集的样品可以与入侵者匹配,但在82%的案例中,阿德莱德的成功率下降到36%。 |
| 30 | The reasons for the difference are unclear, but could be due to such factors as environmental conditions, the number of people living in the house, and how well the various rooms had been cleaned. | 造成差异的原因不明,但可能是由于环境条件,住家人数,以及各个房间的清理情况等因素. |
| 31 | There are other complications to note. | 还有其他复杂问题需要注意。 |
| 32 | DNA found in the air does not always have to be from a recent visit, for example. | 例如,在空气中发现的DNA并不总是来自最近的一次访问。 |
| 33 | Movement can stir DNA carrying dust into the air, or DNA from people who have never set foot inside could be carried in on people's clothes. | 运动可以把携带尘埃的DNA搅动到空气中,或者从未踏入过内部的人的DNA可以被携带到人们的衣服上. |
| 34 | The researchers themselves were surprised by how sensitive their technique was. | 研究者们对自己的技术多么敏感感到惊讶。 |
| 35 | Despite the efforts they put in to prevent their own DNA leaking into the crime scenes, some was vacuumed up and identified anyway. | 尽管他们努力防止自己的DNA泄露到犯罪现场,但有些人还是被吸尘并辨认出来。 |
| 36 | It is unlikely, Dr. Fentonato says, that air samples would ever prove reliable enough to provide the clinching evidence of someone's guilt. | Fentonato博士说 空气样本不可能可靠到 足以证明某人有罪 |
| 37 | It's an investigative tool, she says. | 她说这是一个调查工具。 |
| 38 | Like other types of DNA evidence, it's just part of the puzzle. | 和其他类型的DNA证据一样,它只是谜题的一部分. |
| 39 | It is still too early to apply the method to real cases. | 将这种方法应用于实际案件还为时尚早。 |
| 40 | That will require understanding such nuances as why different people shed different amounts of DNA and standardizing techniques between labs. | 这就需要了解各种细微差别,例如为什么不同的人会留下不同数量的DNA,并将实验室之间的技术标准化。 |
| 41 | But her team has spoken to police forces about one day helping them with their inquiries. | 但是她的团队已经跟警方谈过 一天左右帮助他们调查 |
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