《经济学人》为何我们“看不懂”印度？ [C1] 原声
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剧集目录
| 集 | 标题 | 时长 |
|---|---|---|
| P1 | 《经济学人》为何我们“看不懂”印度？ [C1] 原声 | 6:03 |
P1 · 《经济学人》为何我们“看不懂”印度？ [C1] p01 原声 (P1)
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字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:08 | Why India baffles China Chinese scholarship on India has grown in | 为什么印度华人在印度的奖学金增长 |
| 0:14 | breadth but not depth. | 广而不深. |
| 0:17 | In the seventh century, a Chinese monk named Xuanzang undertook a journey to the west. | 7世纪时,一位中国僧人名叫X桑,曾到西域旅行. |
| 0:24 | His destination was India, which China then held in high regard as the birthplace of Buddhism. | 他的目的地是印度,后来中国高度评价印度是佛教的发源地. |
| 0:30 | When Xuanzang returned home after 16 years, it was with dozens of scriptures, | 万历十六年(1660年)许安增回国时,曾与数十部经文并列. |
| 0:37 | whose translation would profoundly influence the religion's development in China. | 其翻译将深刻影响中国宗教的发展. |
| 0:42 | But he came back with other useful knowledge too, including about Indian politics, economics, | 但是他回来时也掌握了其他有用的知识,包括印度政治,经济, |
| 0:49 | and geography. | 和地理状况。 |
| 0:50 | This he set down in his records of the western regions. | 他在西域的记载中对此作了阐述. |
| 0:54 | The Buddhist monk was, perhaps inadvertently, also an early scholar of India. | 佛教僧侣或许无意中也是印度的早期学者. |
展开字幕全文（72 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why India baffles China Chinese scholarship on India has grown in | 为什么印度华人在印度的奖学金增长 |
| 2 | breadth but not depth. | 广而不深. |
| 3 | In the seventh century, a Chinese monk named Xuanzang undertook a journey to the west. | 7世纪时,一位中国僧人名叫X桑,曾到西域旅行. |
| 4 | His destination was India, which China then held in high regard as the birthplace of Buddhism. | 他的目的地是印度,后来中国高度评价印度是佛教的发源地. |
| 5 | When Xuanzang returned home after 16 years, it was with dozens of scriptures, | 万历十六年(1660年)许安增回国时,曾与数十部经文并列. |
| 6 | whose translation would profoundly influence the religion's development in China. | 其翻译将深刻影响中国宗教的发展. |
| 7 | But he came back with other useful knowledge too, including about Indian politics, economics, | 但是他回来时也掌握了其他有用的知识,包括印度政治,经济, |
| 8 | and geography. | 和地理状况。 |
| 9 | This he set down in his records of the western regions. | 他在西域的记载中对此作了阐述. |
| 10 | The Buddhist monk was, perhaps inadvertently, also an early scholar of India. | 佛教僧侣或许无意中也是印度的早期学者. |
| 11 | Much has changed in the 14 centuries since then, not least China's view of its neighbour, | 从那以后的14个世纪里 发生了很大变化 特别是中国对邻国的看法 |
| 12 | which these days is rather less rosy. | 这几天的美景已经不太美了 |
| 13 | Another big difference is in how China builds up expertise about the outside world. | 另一个巨大的区别在于中国如何积累对外界的专业知识. |
| 14 | Until 2022, research about a country or region was spread across disciplines. | 直到2022年,对一个国家或地区的研究都跨越学科. |
| 15 | A scholar might study India in the Department of History | 一个学者可能在历史系研究印度 |
| 16 | before taking a doctorate in political science. | 在攻读政治学博士学位之前 |
| 17 | That year, China's education ministry accorded first-level status to area studies, | 当年,中国教育部给予地区研究一等地位, |
| 18 | allowing universities to create interdisciplinary departments | 允许大学设立跨学科部门 |
| 19 | and award degrees focused on particular bits of the world. | 和学位 专注于世界的特定位点。 |
| 20 | The restructuring reflected China's need to better understand the world it seeks to influence. | 改组反映出中国需要更好地了解它所寻求影响的世界。 |
| 21 | India has long been an important place for China to study. | 印度长期以来一直是中国学习的重要场所. |
| 22 | It is a neighbour, a potential rival, and the only other member of the billion-plus club. | 它是邻居,潜在竞争对手,也是十亿加俱乐部的唯一其他成员. |
| 23 | It is also a fellow member of many international forums, including the BRICS, | 它也是包括金砖国家在内的许多国际论坛的成员。 |
| 24 | whose summit Narendra Modi will host in Delhi on September 12th and 13th. | 他们的高峰纳伦德拉·莫迪将于9月12日和13日在德里主办. |
| 25 | Narendra Modi is expected to attend on his first trip to India since 2019. | 预计纳伦德拉·莫迪将出席他自2019年以来的首次印度之旅. |
| 26 | As India's economy, global heft and bilateral relations with China have grown, | 随着印度经济,全球heft和与中国的双边关系的发展, |
| 27 | so have the ranks of researchers dedicated to studying it. | 致力于研究的研究人员也一样。 |
| 28 | For all that, the quality of much of this research is poor. | 对所有这些来说,这些研究的质量都很差。 |
| 29 | Rising interest has also exposed clear shortcomings – note Lin Mingwong of Fudan | 关注度上升也暴露了明显的缺点 — — 富丹的林明荣 |
| 30 | University in Shanghai and Mao Kejie, a doctoral candidate at Tsinghua University in Beijing. | 上海大学与北京清华大学博士生候选人毛克杰. |
| 31 | In a survey of the field published last year, many of the viewpoints lack sufficient depth, | 在去年发表的实地调查中,许多观点不够深入, |
| 32 | historical perspective and the necessary intellectual grounding, they write. | 他们写着历史视角和必要的智力基础。 |
| 33 | Indian analysts who look at China have reached much the same conclusion. | 观察中国的印度分析家得出了同样的结论。 |
| 34 | Raj Verma, a political scientist who spent 11 years in China | Raj Verma,一位在中国度过了11年的政治学家 |
| 35 | and has published papers exploring Chinese scholars' attitudes towards India, | 并发表论文探讨中国学者对印度的态度, |
| 36 | says that while older researchers are sensible and moderate, | 说虽然年长的研究人员是理智和温和的, |
| 37 | younger ones can be aggressive and hubristic. | 年轻人可能具有侵略性和傲慢性。 |
| 38 | Even as China produces more research about India, it seems to understand it less. | 虽然中国对印度的研究较多,但似乎不太了解. |
| 39 | Why? | 为什么? |
| 40 | Many Chinese scholars point to a lack of access. | 许多中国学者指出缺乏访问途径. |
| 41 | India has always been cagey about granting visas to researchers and journalists of any | 印度一直对向研究人员和记者发放签证持缄默态度。 |
| 42 | nationality, but ever since a lethal high-altitude clash between the two countries' troops in Ladakh | 但自从两国军队在拉达赫发生致命的高空冲突以来 |
| 43 | in 2020, Chinese researchers have been barred from India. | 2020年,中国研究人员被禁止进入印度. |
| 44 | A thaw in relations in recent months | 近几个月来关系融化 |
| 45 | has seen the issuance of tourist visas resume and there is talk that the pair might even allow back | 已经恢复了旅游签证的发放,而且有人说对夫妇甚至可能允许返回。 |
| 46 | each other's journalists. | 彼此的记者 |
| 47 | Perhaps scholars will follow. | 也许学者会跟随. |
| 48 | Opening up the borders may help, | 开放边境可能有所帮助, |
| 49 | but it will not change the historical attitudes Chinese scholars come loaded with. | 但是这不会改变中国学者们所持的历史态度。 |
| 50 | Since at least | 因为至少 |
| 51 | the late Qing era, more than a century ago, China's elites have looked down on India for | 一个多世纪前的晚清时代,中国的精英们一直对印度视而不见 |
| 52 | allowing itself to be colonised for so long. | 让自己被殖民了这么久 |
| 53 | China's revolutionary leaders were unimpressed | 中国的革命领袖们没有印象 |
| 54 | by India's non-violent freedom struggle. | 印度非暴力的自由斗争。 |
| 55 | India's precocious democracy, too, is seen as a weakness | 印度的预科民主也被视为一个弱点 |
| 56 | that holds it back. | 那会拖住它。 |
| 57 | Upon that foundation of condescension, younger researchers now | 有了这种光荣的基础 现在年轻的研究人员 |
| 58 | encounter a country much poorer and less militarily capable, but which likes to talk a big game. | 遇到一个更穷、军事能力更弱的国家, |
| 59 | No wonder they are dismissive of India's ambitions. | 难怪他们无视印度的野心。 |
| 60 | A lack of introspection also plays a part. | 缺乏反思也起到了一定的作用。 |
| 61 | Indian analysts publish extensively on their country's policy missteps towards China. | 印度分析家广泛发表本国对华政策失误. |
| 62 | Writing in his newsletter earlier this year, Anant Krishnan of The Hindu, a newspaper, | 他今年早些时候的通讯里写道,印度教的阿南特·克里希南,一份报纸, |
| 63 | noted the lack of similar self-reflection in Chinese analysis of India. | 注意到中国对印度的分析缺乏类似的自我反省。 |
| 64 | A conversation | 谈话 |
| 65 | can't go very far if the basic premise is that every problem in the relationship is because of | 如果基本前提是 关系中的所有问题都是因为 |
| 66 | other side's insecurities, which is what I increasingly hear and read in Beijing. | 对方的不安全感,这就是我在北京日益听到和阅读的. |
| 67 | India is admittedly a baffling place. | 印度确实是一个令人困惑的地方。 |
| 68 | Not even those who have lived in it their entire lives | 甚至连一辈子都活在其中的人 |
| 69 | can claim to understand it. | 可以声称理解它。 |
| 70 | Yet a good way to approach it is with humility. | 然而,处理该问题的好办法却是谦逊。 |
| 71 | Xuanzang walked thousands of miles to partake in its treasures. | X赞行数千里 参其珍宝. |
| 72 | Foreign researchers can start the journey simply by opening their minds. | 外国研究者可以简单地通过打开他们的头脑来开始旅程. |
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