《经济学人》中国留学生：选北大，而非普林斯顿 [C1]
![《经济学人》中国留学生：选北大，而非普林斯顿 [C1]](https://1zimu.com/subtitle/imgs/20260903/d4jkm16gu4wzmcrapwg456i0_1788403869464.jpg)
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:06 | Chinese studying abroad. | 中国留学. |
| 0:08 | Peking, not Princeton. | 北京,不是普林斯顿 |
| 0:12 | Ever fewer young Chinese are studying abroad, and more are returning home afterwards. | 在国外学习的年轻华人越来越少,此后有更多的华人回国。 |
| 0:19 | When Yang Fan, a consultant in Beijing advising students and their parents on overseas education, | 当北京的顾问杨帆 向学生及其父母提供海外教育的咨询 |
| 0:25 | first joined the industry 15 years ago, those who studied abroad were held in high regard. | 15年前,那些出国留学的人 受到很高的尊敬。 |
| 0:31 | Parents wanted their children to see the world, hoping they would pick up valuable experience and skills along the way. | 父母希望他们的孩子能看到世界,希望他们能够从中汲取宝贵的经验和技能. |
| 0:38 | That is much less the case today. | 今天的情况则更是如此。 |
| 0:41 | Parents, Ms Yang says, feel that the quality of domestic universities isn't so bad, | 家长 杨小姐说,觉得 国内大学的质量没那么差 |
| 0:47 | so they ask, why should I spend so much money to go abroad? | 他们问我为什么要花这么多钱出国? |
| 0:51 | The number of students a country has abroad, in part, reflects its engagement with the world. | 一个国家在国外的学生人数部分反映了它与世界的合作。 |
展开字幕全文（109 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chinese studying abroad. | 中国留学. |
| 2 | Peking, not Princeton. | 北京,不是普林斯顿 |
| 3 | Ever fewer young Chinese are studying abroad, and more are returning home afterwards. | 在国外学习的年轻华人越来越少,此后有更多的华人回国。 |
| 4 | When Yang Fan, a consultant in Beijing advising students and their parents on overseas education, | 当北京的顾问杨帆 向学生及其父母提供海外教育的咨询 |
| 5 | first joined the industry 15 years ago, those who studied abroad were held in high regard. | 15年前,那些出国留学的人 受到很高的尊敬。 |
| 6 | Parents wanted their children to see the world, hoping they would pick up valuable experience and skills along the way. | 父母希望他们的孩子能看到世界,希望他们能够从中汲取宝贵的经验和技能. |
| 7 | That is much less the case today. | 今天的情况则更是如此。 |
| 8 | Parents, Ms Yang says, feel that the quality of domestic universities isn't so bad, | 家长 杨小姐说,觉得 国内大学的质量没那么差 |
| 9 | so they ask, why should I spend so much money to go abroad? | 他们问我为什么要花这么多钱出国? |
| 10 | The number of students a country has abroad, in part, reflects its engagement with the world. | 一个国家在国外的学生人数部分反映了它与世界的合作。 |
| 11 | After 2001, when China joined the World Trade Organisation, Chinese exports to the world boomed. | 2001年中国加入世界贸易组织后,中国对世界的出口蓬勃发展. |
| 12 | So too did the number studying overseas. | 留学人数也一样 |
| 13 | At first, only exceptional or privileged students tended to make the move. | 起初,只有特殊或特权学生倾向于采取行动。 |
| 14 | Many then stayed, taking up positions in academia and industry. | 许多人随后留下,在学术界和工业界任职。 |
| 15 | Those who returned to China enjoyed high status and offers of plum jobs. | 回到中国的人享有很高的地位,并提供梅花工作。 |
| 16 | Later, as general incomes rose, increasing numbers of young men and women | 后来,随着一般收入的增加,青年男女人数不断增加。 |
| 17 | set off in search of a Western education in the hope of a brighter future. | 开始寻找西方的教育 希望有一个更光明的未来。 |
| 18 | Yet since 2019, the pandemic, trade wars and rising geopolitical friction | 然而,自2019年以来,该大流行病、贸易战争和不断上升的地缘政治摩擦 |
| 19 | have driven a wedge between China and the rest of the world. | 导致中国与世界的隔阂 |
| 20 | Partly as a consequence, the number of students going abroad has fallen. | 部分由于这个原因,出国的学生人数已经下降。 |
| 21 | In 2025, some 570,000 young Chinese went to study overseas, | 2025年,约57万中国青年到海外留学, |
| 22 | down from a peak of 700,000 in 2019. | 从2019年的70万峰值下降. |
| 23 | That was the lowest level since 2016. | 这是自2016年以来的最低水平。 |
| 24 | Studying abroad has been made harder by some receiving countries. | 一些接受国使出国学习变得更加困难。 |
| 25 | In 2025, the administration of President Donald Trump announced | 2025年,唐纳德·特朗普总统的政府宣布 |
| 26 | that it would aggressively revoke visas for Chinese studying in unspecified critical fields. | 将大力吊销在未指明的重要领域学习的中国人的签证。 |
| 27 | It has also tied the lottery for the H1B visa, the main path for skilled workers, | H1B签证是技术工人的主要途径, |
| 28 | including new graduates to remain in America, to salaries, | 包括留在美国的新毕业生,工资, |
| 29 | which disfavors entry-level workers. | 不喜欢初级工人。 |
| 30 | Anecdotally, Chinese workers are hurt more than most. | 传闻中华工人受伤害甚于多数. |
| 31 | Ms Hao, a 25-year-old Chinese woman, was working for a start-up in America, | 郝女士,25岁的中国女性, 正在美国创业, |
| 32 | but recently chose to return to China because her visa status | 但最近因为她的签证身份而选择返回中国 |
| 33 | made it almost impossible to switch employers. | 几乎不可能换雇主。 |
| 34 | The ballooning cost of a foreign education has not helped either. | 外国教育的气球成本也没有帮助。 |
| 35 | The average cost of foreign study is 605,000 yuan, that's $89,600 this year, | 外国留学的平均费用为60.5万元,即今年的89,600元. |
| 36 | nearly a fifth higher than in 2023, according to a survey by New Oriental, | 根据新东方的一项调查, 比2023年高出近五分之一, |
| 37 | a big tutoring company. | 一个大的辅导公司。 |
| 38 | A weak economy at home has forced families to watch their spending | 国内经济疲软,迫使家庭监督开支 |
| 39 | and has made students more cost-conscious. | 也让学生们更有成本意识 |
| 40 | Of those still heading overseas, more are going to places that deliver better perceived value for money. | 在仍然前往海外的人中,更多的人将前往那些能产生更明显货币价值的地方。 |
| 41 | Though official Chinese statistics do not break down where the country's international students go, | 虽然中国官方的统计没有分解国内国际学生去的地方, |
| 42 | data published by other countries show that their numbers are falling in Britain, America and Canada | 其他国家公布的数据表明,它们的数量在英国、美国和加拿大正在下降。 |
| 43 | while rising in Hong Kong, Japan and Australia. | 在香港、日本和澳大利亚不断上升 |
| 44 | Hong Kong in particular has emerged as a top choice among prospective students, | 香港尤其成为未来学生的首选 |
| 45 | says Ms Yang, because of its highly ranked schools and closeness to home. | 杨小姐说,因为学校地位高 离家很近 |
| 46 | As many as four out of five of her clients inquire about studying there. | 她的客户中多达五分之四的客户 询问在那里学习。 |
| 47 | Cheaper destinations such as Malaysia, | 便宜的目的地,如马来西亚, |
| 48 | where students can budget just 100,000 yuan for a degree also appeal. | 学生只能花10万元的学费 也可以申请 |
| 49 | It is not just that more Chinese students are staying home. | 不只是更多的中国学生留在家里。 |
| 50 | A record 10.7 million entered tertiary education in China last year. | 去年中国有创纪录的1 070万人进入高等教育。 |
| 51 | Of those who do go abroad, more and more choose to come back to China after their studies. | 在确实出国的人中,越来越多的选择在学习后回到中国. |
| 52 | Last year, the proportion of returnees who are known as Haigui or sea turtles | 去年,被称为海贵或海龟的回返者比例 |
| 53 | was 94% of outbound students, an all-time high. | 94%的外出学生,创历史新高。 |
| 54 | Between 2015 and 2025, 5.2 million Haigui graduates returned to China, official statistics show. | 2015年至2025年,520万海贵毕业生返回中国,官方统计显示. |
| 55 | This sizeable wave means that an overseas education no longer carries the same cachet that it once did. | 这股巨大的浪潮意味着,海外教育不再象以前那样具有同样的潜力。 |
| 56 | On job markets as well as on dating sites, people are much less likely to be impressed by a foreign education. | 在就业市场和约会网站上,人们不太可能对外国教育留下深刻印象。 |
| 57 | Today, the average returnee from abroad gets a starting salary of about 12,800 yuan a month, | 今天,平均从国外返回的人每月的起薪约为12,800元人民币。 |
| 58 | only marginally higher than the 10,700 yuan for local graduates, according to New Orientals data. | 根据新东方人的数据,仅略高于当地毕业生的10 700元人民币。 |
| 59 | Many Haigui do far worse, with some taking on delivery gigs. | 许多海贵做的更糟糕, |
| 60 | On one Chinese television show, a young woman claimed that her parents spent over 2 million yuan | 在一档中国电视节目中,一位年轻女子声称她的父母花了200多万元人民币 |
| 61 | to send her abroad, only for her to get a job that paid just 4,000 yuan a month. | 送她去国外 只为她找份月薪四千元的工作 |
| 62 | It would take her a century to save that much, she rued. | 她要花一个世纪才能省下这么多钱,她很不高兴 |
| 63 | One Chinese student, Muzhou, pursuing a chemistry master's degree at University College London, | 一位中国留学生穆州,在伦敦大学学院攻读化学硕士学位, |
| 64 | chose study abroad because she wanted to see the world, | 因为她想看世界 |
| 65 | but she does not expect to gain an upper hand over homegrown graduates when she returns to China | 但是她回中国后 并不会对本土毕业生占上风 |
| 66 | seeking a job in the chip-making industry. | 在芯片制造行业找工作 |
| 67 | Domestically educated graduates will have studied for three years to get their masters, | 在国内受过教育的毕业生 要学习三年才能获得主人 |
| 68 | compared with just one year for her. | 比起她只有一年的时间 |
| 69 | Students from China make up some 40% of Muzhou's class. | 中国学生约占穆州班的40%. |
| 70 | Elsewhere, the proportion can reach nine-tenths, which somewhat undermines the point | 在其他地方,这个比例可以达到十分之九,这在一定程度上破坏了这一点。 |
| 71 | that foreign universities are meant to be different from China's. | 外国大学与中国不同 |
| 72 | Among employers, foreign degrees no longer confer the same advantage. | 在雇主中,外国学位不再具有同样的优势。 |
| 73 | Short study durations and fairly low entry requirements mean that companies increasingly question | 短期学习和入职要求相当低,意味着公司越来越多地质疑 |
| 74 | the once-guilt-edged reputation of a foreign education. | 曾经被欺骗的外国教育声誉。 |
| 75 | Studying abroad does not automatically translate into an ability to fit into the workplace. | 在国外学习不会自动转化为适应工作场所的能力。 |
| 76 | Moreover, human resource departments may also think that domestic graduates are more obedient, | 此外,人力资源部门也可能认为国内毕业生更服从。 |
| 77 | says Muzhou, since they are untainted by Western liberal influence. | 穆州说,因为他们不受西方自由主义的影响。 |
| 78 | Some provincial governments make it harder for overseas graduates to become civil servants. | 一些省级政府使得海外毕业生更难成为公务员. |
| 79 | In 2024, the boss of GREE, an electronics conglomerate, | 2024年,GREE的老板, 一个电子集团, |
| 80 | said she didn't hire a highway because they could be spies. | 说她没有雇高速公路 因为他们可能是间谍 |
| 81 | Meanwhile, home universities look increasingly attractive. | 与此同时,家庭大学看起来越来越有吸引力。 |
| 82 | Chinese universities have shot up the international leaderboards. | 中国高校射入国际领先点. |
| 83 | Peking University and Tsinghua University, the country's two top schools, | 北京大学和清华大学,全国两高校, |
| 84 | now rank 13th and 14th respectively in the QS World University Rankings. | 现在在QS世界大学排名中分别排名第13位和第14位. |
| 85 | Universities belonging to the 985 and 211 monikers for an elite handful of Chinese universities | 985年和211年的大学 为少数中国精英大学 |
| 86 | are seen as stronger than many overseas institutions, though big names like Oxford, | 尽管牛津等大名鼎鼎的大名 |
| 87 | Cambridge and America's Ivy League are still viewed as superior. | 剑桥和美国的常春藤联盟仍然被视为优越. |
| 88 | In areas such as science and engineering, Chinese research excels. | 在科学与工程等领域,中国的研究表现突出. |
| 89 | Tuition, typically a few thousand yuan per year at a public university, is substantially cheaper. | 公立大学的学费一般为每年几千元人民币,费用低得多。 |
| 90 | A broad shrinking enrolment is now hurting some universities | 招生人数普遍减少,现在正在伤害一些大学。 |
| 91 | that had become overly reliant on Chinese students. | 已经过分依赖中国学生。 |
| 92 | In the 2024-25 academic year, Chinese made up more than two-fifths of international students | 2024-25学年度,华侨占国际学生的五分之二以上. |
| 93 | at the Russell Group of 24 top British universities. | 在英国24所顶尖大学的罗素集团 |
| 94 | Many of them expanded masters programmes to attract students from China, | 他们中许多人为了吸引来自中国的学生,扩展了硕士课程, |
| 95 | charging them fees far above those of home students. | 收费远远高于家庭学生。 |
| 96 | Faculties grew and new facilities were built. | 学校不断壮大,新建设施. |
| 97 | Filippo Boeri说, | |
| 98 | at City St George's University of London. | 在伦敦圣乔治大学 |
| 99 | But now universities are closing courses and laying off staff | 但是现在大学正在关闭课程和裁员 |
| 100 | or asking them to take voluntary redundancy. | 或者要求他们自愿裁员。 |
| 101 | Chinese students drying up will deprive the West of valuable talent. | 中国留学生干涸将剥夺西方宝贵人才. |
| 102 | It may also do no good for China. | 这可能也不利于中国。 |
| 103 | As the country opened up to the world, | 随着国家向世界开放, |
| 104 | Haigui brought home skills and knowledge acquired overseas. | 海贵将获得的海外技能和知识带回家. |
| 105 | The group were key in helping the country to modernise and the economy to catch up. | 该集团是帮助国家现代化和经济赶上的关键。 |
| 106 | Eight of the 21 current members of the Communist Party's ruling Politburo studied abroad. | 中共21名现任执政的波利特布罗成员中有8人出国留学. |
| 107 | The international experience of Haigui has also helped Chinese firms | 海贵的国际经验也帮助了中国企业 |
| 108 | seeking a foothold in foreign markets. | 在外国市场寻找立足点。 |
| 109 | When fewer turtles swim the seas, China will surely suffer too. | 少龟游海,中国必受苦. |
该视频共有字幕 109 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格