《经济学人》时间即将被重新定义！铯原子统治60年的“秒”要被

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P1	《经济学人》时间即将被重新定义！铯原子统治60年的“秒”要被	4:07

P1 · 《经济学人》时间即将被重新定义！铯原子统治60年的“秒”要被光钟取代了 [B2] p01 原声 (P1)

《经济学人》时间即将被重新定义！铯原子统治60年的“秒”要被光钟取代了 [B2] p01 原声 (P1)

发布于 2026-11-02 · 时长 4:07

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:14	It takes about a second to say cesium atoms, and for nearly 60 years cesium atoms have	大约需要一秒钟说铯原子, 和近60年铯原子有
0:21	said how long a second lasts.	说要持续多久
0:24	That is because cesium-133, an isotope of cesium, switches	这是因为铯-133是铯的同位素,开关
0:28	between two energy states when exposed to microwave radiation, at a rate so regular	受微波辐射时,在两个能量状态之间,频率如此之高
0:34	you could set your watch by it.	你可以设置你的表通过它。
0:36	Indeed, atomic clocks use this steady rhythm to measure time.	事实上,原子钟利用这种稳定的节奏来测量时间。
0:41	According to the International System of Units, a second is 9,192,631,770 cycles.	根据国际单位制,第二个为9,192,631,770个周期.
0:46	But not	但是没有
0:53	for much longer.	更长时间。
0:55	On October 13, the world's top metrologists convened in Versailles for	10月13日,世界顶级计量学家在凡尔赛召开.

展开字幕全文（57 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	It takes about a second to say cesium atoms, and for nearly 60 years cesium atoms have	大约需要一秒钟说铯原子, 和近60年铯原子有
2	said how long a second lasts.	说要持续多久
3	That is because cesium-133, an isotope of cesium, switches	这是因为铯-133是铯的同位素,开关
4	between two energy states when exposed to microwave radiation, at a rate so regular	受微波辐射时,在两个能量状态之间,频率如此之高
5	you could set your watch by it.	你可以设置你的表通过它。
6	Indeed, atomic clocks use this steady rhythm to measure time.	事实上,原子钟利用这种稳定的节奏来测量时间。
7	According to the International System of Units, a second is 9,192,631,770 cycles.	根据国际单位制,第二个为9,192,631,770个周期.
8	But not	但是没有
9	for much longer.	更长时间。
10	On October 13, the world's top metrologists convened in Versailles for	10月13日,世界顶级计量学家在凡尔赛召开.
11	the General Conference on Weights and Measures, the CGPM, as they have done roughly once every	重量和措施大会,即妇女问题委员会,正如它们几乎每一次所做的那样,
12	four years since 1889, to discuss the science of measurement.	1889年后的四年,讨论测量学.
13	After three days of debate,	经过三天的辩论
14	they set themselves a deadline.	他们为自己设定了一个期限。
15	By 2030 they will decide how to redefine the second.	到2030年,他们将决定如何重新界定第二个问题。
16	The CGPM oversees the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the BIPM, which sets	CGPM监督国际体重和计量局,即BIPM,它规定:
17	the global standard for the passage of time.	时间流逝的全球标准。
18	It does so by combining measurements from	其方法是结合来自
19	hundreds of atomic clocks, based in laboratories around the world, to account for small fluctuations	数以百计的原子钟, 以世界各地的实验室为基地,
20	which can cause errors in each individual reading.	可以在每次读取中引起错误。
21	The result is a single, standardised	结果是单一的,标准化的
22	time that coordinates everything from financial transactions to satellite navigation.	从财务交易到卫星导航
23	But	不过
24	the BIPM has a problem.	BIPM有一个问题。
25	To check the accuracy of its standardised time, it uses a set of	为了检查标准化时间的准确性,它使用一套
26	newer clocks, based on different chemical elements, which can measure time more precisely	新的时钟,基于不同的化学元素,可以更精确地测量时间
27	than the best cesium clocks can.	比最好的铯钟可以。
28	Checking the accuracy of the newer clocks requires	检查更新时钟的准确性需要
29	a definition of the second itself.	定义第二个本身。
30	Using that from a cesium clock is like trying to	使用从铯钟就像试图
31	measure the width of a hare using a ruler whose divisions are wider than the hare.	使用比兔子更宽的划分尺测量兔子的宽度。
32	To	改为
33	run the clockwork like clockwork, the CGPM needs to untie the second from cesium.	运行时钟工作像时钟工作, CGPM 需要解开第二个与铯.
34	Kyle Arnold, a physicist at the National University of Singapore, is part of a team developing	新加坡国立大学的物理学家凯尔·阿诺德(Kyle Arnold)是开发团队的一部分
35	a clock based on lutetium ions.	一个基于 lu离子的时钟.
36	While cesium clocks use microwave radiation to trigger	铯钟使用微波辐射触发
37	transitions between the atoms' energy states, Dr Arnold's device uses lasers.	原子能量状态之间的过渡,阿诺德博士的装置使用激光.
38	Such optical	这种光学
39	clocks tick more quickly, allowing time to be measured more finely.	计时速度更快,可以更精确地测量时间。
40	Writing in Nature	自然写作
41	in September, Dr Arnold's group reported its lutetium clock had a tick about 1000 times	9月,阿诺德博士的小组报告它的 lu钟有大约1000次
42	more regular than the best cesium devices.	比最好的铯设备更普通
43	Atomic clocks must work reliably in different	原子钟必须在不同的地方可靠工作
44	places around the world.	世界各地的地方。
45	Dr Arnold's device, however, is the size of a room, and yet to	然而,阿诺德博士的装置是一个房间的大小,还没有
46	leave his Singapore lab.	离开他的新加坡实验室
47	Other more portable contenders include optical clocks based on	其他更便捷的竞争者包括基于下列条件的光学钟:
48	ytterbium and strontium atoms suspended by lasers.	y和tron原子被激光悬浮.
49	These come with their own issues.	这些都是他们自己的问题。
50	A study published in Physical Review Letters in July found that measurements comparing	7月在物理评论函上发表的一项研究发现,测量比较
51	optical clocks based on these elements disagreed with earlier results by more than their known	基于这些要素的光学钟比已知的更不赞同先前的结果
52	uncertainties could explain.	不确定性可以解释。
53	Metrologists must now decide which atomic transition is	计量学家现在必须决定哪个原子过渡
54	promoted to the official standard.	晋升到官方标准.
55	That requires consensus among yet another team of time lords,	这需要另外一组时间领主达成共识,
56	the Consultative Committee for Time and Frequency, who are advising the BIPM and CGPM on the	时间和频率协商委员会,向植物检疫和植物检疫局和植物检疫委员会提供
57	With the deadline set for 2030, they have about 100 million seconds to reach an agreement.	随着2030年的最后期限被设定,他们有约1亿秒达成协议.

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