耶鲁世界学者负责人对话中方环保领军者：世界能从中国学到什么？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:10 | Good afternoon everyone, welcome to the Yale Center Beijing and especially to our speakers | 下午好,欢迎来到耶鲁中心 北京,特别是我们的演讲者 |
| 0:18 | and guests, Emma, Yu Bao, Ma Jun, Wang Yunlin, and Diao Niu Shi. | 及宾客,艾玛,余宝,马俊,王云林,及萧牛史. |
| 0:26 | Welcome to the Yale Center Beijing, which is Yale University's home here in China. | 欢迎来到耶鲁中心 北京是耶鲁大学在中国的家 |
| 0:32 | We were founded back in 2014 as almost like an embassy of Yale University here in China | 我们创建于2014年 就像耶鲁大学驻华大使馆一样 |
| 0:41 | and an activity center representing all our 14 schools. | 一个代表我们14所学校的活动中心 |
| 0:47 | Throughout the year, | 一整年里, |
| 0:48 | as some of you may know, we convene thought leaders such as the ones we have today on | 你们中有些人可能知道,我们召集了像今天这样有思想的领导人 |
| 0:55 | pressing issues facing our world. | 我们的世界所面临的紧迫问题。 |
| 0:58 | We have something going on every two to three days | 我们每两三天都有事情发生 |
| 1:00 | and you're more than welcome to look at our social media accounts to follow our latest | 更欢迎你看看我们的社交媒体账号 |
展开字幕全文（1085 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Good afternoon everyone, welcome to the Yale Center Beijing and especially to our speakers | 下午好,欢迎来到耶鲁中心 北京,特别是我们的演讲者 |
| 2 | and guests, Emma, Yu Bao, Ma Jun, Wang Yunlin, and Diao Niu Shi. | 及宾客,艾玛,余宝,马俊,王云林,及萧牛史. |
| 3 | Welcome to the Yale Center Beijing, which is Yale University's home here in China. | 欢迎来到耶鲁中心 北京是耶鲁大学在中国的家 |
| 4 | We were founded back in 2014 as almost like an embassy of Yale University here in China | 我们创建于2014年 就像耶鲁大学驻华大使馆一样 |
| 5 | and an activity center representing all our 14 schools. | 一个代表我们14所学校的活动中心 |
| 6 | Throughout the year, | 一整年里, |
| 7 | as some of you may know, we convene thought leaders such as the ones we have today on | 你们中有些人可能知道,我们召集了像今天这样有思想的领导人 |
| 8 | pressing issues facing our world. | 我们的世界所面临的紧迫问题。 |
| 9 | We have something going on every two to three days | 我们每两三天都有事情发生 |
| 10 | and you're more than welcome to look at our social media accounts to follow our latest | 更欢迎你看看我们的社交媒体账号 |
| 11 | events. | 事件。 |
| 12 | As many of you know, climate change is one of the most pressing and critical topics | 很多人都知道,气候变化是最紧迫和关键的主题之一 |
| 13 | that all of us face around the world. | 我们所有人都面对世界。 |
| 14 | So I think there can't be a more timely topic than today's, | 所以,我认为没有比今天更及时的话题了, |
| 15 | which is cooperating for climate, the view from China, where we'll discuss how China's experience | 我们讨论中国的经验 |
| 16 | can be a model and can be useful to the world in terms of climate action and environmental | 在气候行动和环境方面可以成为一种模式,对世界有用。 |
| 17 | governance. | 治理。 |
| 18 | And today I'm so delighted and honored to welcome back and welcome | 今天我非常高兴和荣幸 欢迎回来和欢迎 |
| 19 | our esteemed speakers and moderator. | 我们尊敬的发言者和主持人。 |
| 20 | Well, first of all, I want to thank our co-hosts, | 首先,我想感谢我们的联合主办人 |
| 21 | which are the International Leadership Center at Yale and the Institute of Carbon Neutrology | 以及碳神经学研究所 |
| 22 | at Peking University. | 北京大学. |
| 23 | The International Leadership Center is actually a place | 国际领导中心其实是一个地方 |
| 24 | within the Jackson School of Global Affairs that house many leadership fellowship programs, | 在杰克逊全球事务学院 拥有许多领导奖学金方案, |
| 25 | including the prestigious Greenberg World Fellows Program and the Emerging Climate Change Fellows | 包括著名的格林伯格世界研究员方案和新出现的气候变化研究员 |
| 26 | Program. | 节目 |
| 27 | I am honored and delighted to welcome Emma Skye back to Yale Center Beijing. | 我很荣幸和高兴地欢迎艾玛·斯凯回到耶鲁中心北京。 |
| 28 | She's to me as well as to our many world fellows and Yale faculty and students, | 她对我和我们许多世界的同学 以及耶鲁教职员和学生来说都是如此 |
| 29 | one of the most inspiring figures in history to me. | 历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一 |
| 30 | Emma is a founding director of Yale's | 艾玛是耶鲁大学的创始人 |
| 31 | International Leadership Center and a lecturer at Yale Jackson School of Global Affairs, | 国际领导中心,耶鲁·杰克逊全球事务学院讲师 |
| 32 | where she teaches great power competition, cooperation, global affairs, grand strategy, | 在那里,她教伟大的权力竞争, 合作,全球事务,伟大的战略, |
| 33 | and refugees, and Middle East politics. | 和中东政治。 |
| 34 | And I am missing the book from my room, | 我想念书 从我的房间, |
| 35 | if Peng Xiao can grab her two books from the room that I was going to show. | 如果彭小能从我打算展示的房间拿两本书给她 |
| 36 | She is the author of the highly acclaimed The Unraveling, High Hopes and Missed Opportunities | 她是被高度赞誉的"无畏,高望和错失的机会"的作者. |
| 37 | in Iraq. | 在伊拉克境内。 |
| 38 | And it's because Ms. Skye spent a lot of her years in her career | 因为斯凯女士在事业中度过了很多年 |
| 39 | in the Middle East, including as a, how do I pronounce this role, Governorate Coordinator | 中东,包括作为一个问题,我如何宣布这一作用,省协调员 |
| 40 | of Kirkuk for the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq, when the UK and the US were in Iraq | 联合王国和美国在伊拉克时 基尔库克代表联军伊拉克临时权力机构 |
| 41 | in those days. | 在那段日子里,你应该知道 |
| 42 | Earlier in her career, Emma served as a political advisor to the commanding general | 在她的职业生涯中,艾玛担任了将军的政治顾问 |
| 43 | of US forces in Iraq, as development advisor to the commander of NATO's International Security | 作为北约国际安全指挥官的发展顾问 |
| 44 | Assistant Force in Afghanistan, as political advisor to the US security coordinator for the | 驻阿富汗部队助理,作为美国安全协调员的政治顾问 |
| 45 | Middle East peace process. | 中东和平进程。 |
| 46 | And there have been many other exceptional experiences and accolades. | 并且还有其他许多不同寻常的经历和成就。 |
| 47 | But to me, foremost, I think Emma is a peacemaker, and that's something that we all need more of | 但对我来说,最重要的是, 我认为艾玛是一个和平缔造者, 这是我们大家都需要更多的东西 |
| 48 | today. | 今时. |
| 49 | I'm also honored and delighted to welcome World Fellows Ma Jun and Wang Binbin back to Yale | 我也很荣幸欢迎马俊和王彬彬回到耶鲁 |
| 50 | Center Beijing. | 北京中心报. |
| 51 | I know Emma will be giving a fuller introduction of all of our speakers today, | 我知道艾玛今天会更充分地介绍所有发言者 |
| 52 | but many of you know that Ms. Tamar is a renowned environmentalist who has ignited critical | 但你们中许多人都知道塔玛女士是一位著名的环保主义者,他点燃了批判性 |
| 53 | conversations and changes across China as the Director of the Institute of Public and Environmental | 中国各地作为公共与环境研究所所长的对话与变化 |
| 54 | Affairs. | 事务。 |
| 55 | Ms. Wang has become a great friend, and she is a celebrated climate activist and social | 王女士成为了一位好朋友 她是一位著名的气候活动家和社会人士 |
| 56 | scientist in China, and has played a crucial role in China's participation in international | 中国的科学家,在中国参与国际事务方面发挥了关键作用。 |
| 57 | climate change conversations and summits. | 气候变化对话和首脑会议。 |
| 58 | And she's now the Associate Dean and Research Professor | 她现在是副院长兼研究教授 |
| 59 | of the Institute of Carbon Neutrality at Beijing University. | 北京大学碳中立研究所. |
| 60 | I'm also delighted to welcome Climate | 我也很高兴欢迎气候 |
| 61 | (原始内容存档于2017-09-21). Fellow dao Zhou Wei. | |
| 62 | Ms. Diao is currently the Network Strategy Execution Manager of BP Pulse, | Diao女士现任BP Pulse网络战略执行经理 |
| 63 | and she has had a decade of experience in the energy sector and is a Yale School of the | 她有十年的能源部门经验 并且是耶鲁大学的 |
| 64 | Environment graduate. | 环境毕业。 |
| 65 | And of course, we have Yuval Van David, a Yale College graduate like myself, | 当然,我们有尤瓦尔・范・大卫, 一个耶鲁大学毕业生像我一样, |
| 66 | but of a much later vintage, and also instrumental in the programs at the International Leadership | 也为国际领导班子提供了帮助 |
| 67 | Center. | 中间. |
| 68 | I'd also like to very quickly welcome some of our award recipients from our collaboration | 我也要很快欢迎我们合作的获奖者 |
| 69 | with Taixin Global, which is called the Smart Talks on Climate Change, where Ms. Tamar and Ms. Wang | 与Taixin Global合作,称为气候变化智能会谈,塔玛尔女士和王女士参加 |
| 70 | have participated in previous years, where we're trying to groom the younger generation | 曾经参与过前些年 我们试图培养年轻一代 |
| 71 | for climate action and climate communications across the world. | 气候行动和气候通信。 |
| 72 | And after this talk, | 在这次谈话之后 |
| 73 | we'll have a mini ceremony for them to get together and receive their award certificates. | 我们将举行一个小型仪式 让他们聚在一起 并获得他们的颁奖证书。 |
| 74 | So without further ado, let's welcome Ms. Emma Scott. | 所以,不做更多, 让我们欢迎艾玛・斯科特女士。 |
| 75 | Carol, thank you very much for that warm introduction. | 卡罗尔,非常感谢你的热情介绍。 |
| 76 | And it's a great honor to be | 我很荣幸 |
| 77 | at Yale Center Beijing. | 在北京耶鲁中心 |
| 78 | The first time I spoke here was on the 2nd of February 2016. | 我第一次在这里讲话是在2016年2月2日. |
| 79 | And I remember | 我记得 |
| 80 | it well because it was my birthday. | 因为它是我的生日。 |
| 81 | And at the end of my talk, everyone sang happy birthday to me. | 在我发言结束时,每个人都为我唱生日快乐。 |
| 82 | And I remember thinking, you know, how lovely, how lovely that is. | 我记得我想,你知道, 多么可爱,多么可爱。 |
| 83 | So even on the other side | 所以即使在另一边 |
| 84 | of the world, far from my family and my friends, and with complete strangers, | 远离我家人和朋友 和陌生人 |
| 85 | people were making the effort to make me feel special on my birthday. | 人们都在努力让我在生日时感到特别 |
| 86 | So it's a real pleasure | 痷蔼砍 |
| 87 | to be back here because I have such fond memories of that time. | 回来是因为我对那段时间有美好的回忆 |
| 88 | So this is now my second ever | 所以这是我第二次了 |
| 89 | visit to China. | 访问中国。 |
| 90 | And last time I was here in 2016, I spoke about the Arab Spring and ISIS. | 上次我在这里是在2016年, 我谈到了阿拉伯之春和伊斯兰国。 |
| 91 | Now, occasionally wondering whether you're in the right room or not. | 现在,偶尔在想 你是否在正确的房间。 |
| 92 | Today, I'm not going to speak about the Middle East. | 今天,我不会谈论中东。 |
| 93 | It's still a mess, unfortunately. | 可惜还是一团糟 |
| 94 | But what | 但怎样 |
| 95 | we are here today for is to talk about climate action and getting to net zero. | 我们今天在这里是为了谈论气候行动 和得到净零。 |
| 96 | Our planet | 我们的星球 |
| 97 | is warming at a dangerous rate. | 以危险的速度变暖 |
| 98 | And if we don't act more effectively, | 如果我们不采取更有效的行动, |
| 99 | Earth will become uninhabitable. | 地球将变得无法居住。 |
| 100 | Now, according to the IPCC, which is the definitive report on | 根据气候专委会,这是关于 |
| 101 | the science of climate change, to keep within the 1.5 degree centigrade limit, we need to reduce | 为了在1.5摄氏度的限度内,我们需要减少 |
| 102 | carbon emissions by 43% by 2030 and 60% by 2035. | 到2030年碳排放量增加43%,到2035年达到60%. |
| 103 | But global emissions are still rising. | 但全球排放量仍在上升。 |
| 104 | Emissions reached a record level last year. | 去年排放量达到创纪录水平。 |
| 105 | And I was struck to read that one of the reasons | 我被击中读到 原因之一 |
| 106 | for this was exceptional droughts hit hydro power production, forcing more countries | 由于特别干旱,水力发电受到冲击,迫使更多的国家 |
| 107 | to turn to fossil fuels. | 转向化石燃料。 |
| 108 | So our global water crisis, which is inextricably linked to the | 所以,我们的全球水危机, 这与人类的 |
| 109 | consequences of climate change, is also hindering our response to climate change. | 气候变化的后果也阻碍我们应对气候变化。 |
| 110 | We are in fact | 我们其实是 |
| 111 | dealing with a full blown planetary crisis, climate change, pollution, biodiversity. | 应对全球危机、气候变化、污染、生物多样性。 |
| 112 | And I recently heard the term carbon tunnel. | 我最近听到碳隧道这个词。 |
| 113 | It was a new term to me. | 这对我来说是一个新词。 |
| 114 | And carbon tunnel | 还有碳隧道 |
| 115 | means a sort of tunnel vision, where we focus on carbon dioxide, where we should be thinking | 意味着某种隧道的愿景, 在那里,我们专注于二氧化碳, 我们应该思考 |
| 116 | more broadly about all greenhouse gases, and on net zero to the exclusion of the environment, | 更广泛地涉及所有温室气体,在净零至排除环境的情况下, |
| 117 | jobs, justice, equity. | 工作、正义、平等。 |
| 118 | And so sometimes we need to reframe the issues to see the bigger picture. | 因此,我们有时需要重新定义问题,以便看到大局。 |
| 119 | Climate change is such a complex issue, and bundled up with so many dilemmas and trade-offs | 气候变化是一个如此复杂的问题,与如此众多的两难处境和权衡搭配在一起 |
| 120 | that sometimes it feels like too big a challenge, too daunting a challenge. | 有时,它觉得 是一个太大的挑战, 太艰巨的挑战。 |
| 121 | The good that we see in one place, rapidly deploying solar panels or electric vehicles, | 我们在一个地方看到的好, 迅速部署太阳能电池板或电动车辆, |
| 122 | might actually be contingent on harm caused elsewhere. | 可能实际上取决于在其他地方造成的伤害。 |
| 123 | Exploitative labor conditions, | 剥削性劳动条件, |
| 124 | in for instance, cobalt mines in the Congo. | 例如,刚果的钴矿。 |
| 125 | And all this complexity can be paralyzing. | 而所有这些复杂性都可能瘫痪. |
| 126 | And to top it off, climate change itself is not fair. | 最重要的是,气候变化本身是不公平的。 |
| 127 | The places that have contributed the least | 那些贡献最小的地方 |
| 128 | to global warming are facing the worst of its consequences. | 全球变暖的后果最为严重。 |
| 129 | And many emerging economies | 许多新兴经济体 |
| 130 | are feeling rushed into an expensive, socially disruptive energy transition that hampers | 感觉匆忙进入了昂贵的 社会破坏性的能源过渡 阻碍 |
| 131 | what they believe as their right to development. | 他们认为自己的发展权。 |
| 132 | And often before, people there even have basic | 以前,人们甚至有基础 |
| 133 | energy access. | 能源获取。 |
| 134 | So the question we need to ask ourselves is can we prosper without doing | 所以,我们需要问自己的问题是, 我们可以繁荣,不做 |
| 135 | irreparable damage to our planet? | 对地球造成无法弥补的破坏? |
| 136 | Now it's not politically feasible to ask people living in rich | 现在问富人的政治不可行 |
| 137 | countries to give up what they have. | 国家将放弃它们所拥有的一切。 |
| 138 | And it's not fair to ask people in poorer countries | 问贫穷国家的人不公平 |
| 139 | to sacrifice their development. | 牺牲他们的发展。 |
| 140 | So we need to think of how we power our lives with clean energy | 所以我们需要思考我们如何用清洁的能源 来推动我们的生活 |
| 141 | and how we feed ourselves in a more sustainable way on less land. | 我们如何在更少的土地上 以更可持续的方式养活自己 |
| 142 | If we do this right, | 如果我们这样做是对的, |
| 143 | it can also bring us the added benefits of less air pollution. | 它还可以给我们带来减少空气污染的额外好处。 |
| 144 | And we're better to see less air | 我们最好少一点空气 |
| 145 | pollution than in Beijing. | 比北京还污染 |
| 146 | Extraordinary improvements there. | 那边有非凡的改善 |
| 147 | And it can also bring us | 也能带给我们 |
| 148 | healthier diets. | 健康饮食. |
| 149 | Now humans have been burning things to generate energy ever since we lived in | 自从我们生活以来 人类就一直在燃烧能量 |
| 150 | caves. | 洞穴(s). |
| 151 | But now there are new energy technologies that enable us to avoid high emissions and high | 但是现在有了新的能源技术 使我们能够避免高排放和高排放 |
| 152 | pollution. | 污染问题。 |
| 153 | In the last five years, low carbon technologies have become competitive, or | 在过去五年中,低碳技术变得具有竞争力,或者 |
| 154 | undercutting the cost of fossil fuels. | 减少矿物燃料的成本。 |
| 155 | The cost of solar, wind and batteries have all come down. | 太阳能、风能和电池的成本都下降了。 |
| 156 | Nuclear power is the most efficient source of electricity. | 核能是最有效的电力来源。 |
| 157 | And it uses little land and is low | 它用的土地很少,又低 |
| 158 | carbon. | 碳元素 碳元素 碳元素 |
| 159 | We can ensure energy security by establishing more localized energy systems. | 我们可以通过建立更本地化的能源系统来确保能源安全。 |
| 160 | We also need to change what we eat. | 我们还需要改变我们的食物。 |
| 161 | Farming uses around 50% of the habitable land in the world. | 农业使用全世界约50%的宜居土地. |
| 162 | And we produce around double the calories that every individual human needs to consume each day. | 我们生产的热量是每个人每天需要消耗的两倍左右。 |
| 163 | So there are massive losses in the supply chain and in waste. | 因此,供应链和废物都存在巨大损失。 |
| 164 | But also in that we feed a lot of | 但同样,我们喂了很多 |
| 165 | those crops to animals who convert it to meat, and often in a very inefficient manner. | 这些作物变成动物,它们将其转化为肉类,而且往往效率很低。 |
| 166 | And also | 还有 |
| 167 | using land to grow biofuels. | 利用土地种植生物燃料。 |
| 168 | Food production is the biggest driver of biodiversity loss. | 粮食生产是生物多样性丧失的最大驱动因素。 |
| 169 | We cut down a lot of forests and use the land in order to raise cattle. | 我们砍伐了许多森林,利用土地养牛. |
| 170 | Cattle ranching is the | 畜牧业是 |
| 171 | leading driver of deforestation globally. | 全球森林砍伐的主要驱动因素。 |
| 172 | And cows are the greatest agricultural source of methane. | 奶牛是甲烷最大的农业来源。 |
| 173 | If we don't change the way we eat, then emissions just from agriculture alone will take us over | 如果我们不改变我们的饮食方式,那么光靠农业的排放就占了我们 |
| 174 | 1.5 degrees. | 1.5度 风度 |
| 175 | So there are technological solutions to address some problems, | 因此,有一些技术解决方案来解决一些问题, |
| 176 | but others require behavioral and cultural change, which is more difficult. | 但另一些则需要行为和文化上的改变,这更为困难。 |
| 177 | Some people | 有些人 |
| 178 | don't want to stop eating those beef steaks. | 不想停止吃那些牛肉牛排。 |
| 179 | So the transition will require technological genius, | 所以过渡需要技术天才 |
| 180 | radically unorthodox policy ideas, and creative solutions for financing the overhaul | 根本非正统的政策思想,以及创新的筹资办法 |
| 181 | of entire systems. | 整个系统。 |
| 182 | Now when the US and China cooperate on climate, the global agenda advances. | 现在,当美国和中国在气候问题上进行合作时,全球议程将取得进展。 |
| 183 | Chinese manufacturing, American innovation are essential for decarbonization at speed | 中国制造业,美国创新对快速去碳化至关重要 |
| 184 | and scale. | 和规模。 |
| 185 | Now ahead of the last climate summit, COP 28 in Dubai, the American and Chinese climate | 现在在上届气候峰会之前,在迪拜举行的第28届缔约方会议,美国和中国气候 |
| 186 | envoys, John Kerry and Xi Shenhua, met in California and they issued a statement noting | 特使约翰·克里和习近平在加州会面 他们发表声明 |
| 187 | their alarm at one of the greatest challenges of our time, which they committed to jointly resolve | 面对我们时代最严峻的挑战之一 他们承诺共同解决 |
| 188 | despite other differences. | 尽管还有其他不同 |
| 189 | And enhancing their commitments under the Paris Agreement | 并加强其根据《巴黎协定》作出的承诺 |
| 190 | and committing to convene other countries around the issue of methane and non-CO2 | 并承诺召集其他国家讨论甲烷和非二氧化碳问题 |
| 191 | gases, they set the stage for a successful summit in Dubai. | 他们为在迪拜成功举行首脑会议创造了条件。 |
| 192 | And in fact it was these two, | 事实上是这两个 |
| 193 | Kerry and Xi, whose trust and friendship been going on for a long time, but that trust and friendship | 克里和习近平,他们的信任和友谊 已经持续了很久,但这种信任和友谊 |
| 194 | was what led a decade before to the groundwork for the Paris Agreement. | 十年前,《巴黎协定》的基础工作就是如此。 |
| 195 | And these two guys, | 而这两个家伙, |
| 196 | they're two grandfathers. | 他们是两个祖父。 |
| 197 | And what are they thinking about? | 他们在想什么? |
| 198 | They're thinking about leaving | 他们想离开 |
| 199 | a better world for their grandchildren. | 给他们的孙子们一个更好的世界 |
| 200 | And they set a positive example to all of us | 他们为我们所有人树立了一个积极的榜样 |
| 201 | about cooperation. | 关于合作。 |
| 202 | Chinese and American cooperation on climate action is essential | 中国和美国在气候行动方面的合作至关重要 |
| 203 | for the world. | 为了世界 |
| 204 | Now as Carol mentioned, I'm the founding director of Yale's International | 正如卡罗尔所说 我是耶鲁国际的创始人 |
| 205 | Leadership Center. | 领导中心. |
| 206 | And our mission is to develop and support innovative, effective and adaptive | 我们的任务是发展和支持创新、有效和适应性强的 |
| 207 | leaders to address the most acute and complex challenges facing the world. | 领导人将应对世界面临的最严峻和复杂的挑战。 |
| 208 | And we work across | 我们一起工作 |
| 209 | climate, peace and security. | 环境、和平与安全。 |
| 210 | And we promote internationalism. | 我们提倡国际主义。 |
| 211 | International cooperation | 国际合作 |
| 212 | requires trust. | 需要信任。 需要信任。 |
| 213 | And we can build trust by getting to know others. | 我们可以通过了解他人来建立信任。 |
| 214 | People-to-people encounters help | 人际交往帮助 |
| 215 | to break down stereotypes and to counter mistrust. | 打破定型观念,消除不信任。 |
| 216 | And can lead to collaboration and creative ways | 并可以导致合作和创造性方式 |
| 217 | of addressing issues. | 讨论问题。 |
| 218 | So one of the initiatives in my center is the Yale World Fellows Program. | 因此,我中心的一项倡议是耶鲁世界研究员方案。 |
| 219 | And each year, thousands of people from around the world apply to be a world fellow, setting out | 每年都有成千上万来自世界各地的人申请成为世界的同伴, |
| 220 | their experiences, their expertise and their vision for making the world a better place. | 他们的经验、专长和使世界更美好的愿景。 |
| 221 | And each year, 16 are selected based on their achievements, their character and their dedication | 每年根据他们的成就、品格和献身精神选出16名 |
| 222 | to being leaders of the good society. | 成为好社会的领导者 |
| 223 | People who care about their communities, people who are | 关心自己的社区的人, |
| 224 | dedicated to making a positive difference, people who are committed to helping address the challenges | 致力于作出积极贡献的人 |
| 225 | facing our world. | 面对我们的世界。 |
| 226 | And they get to spend a semester together at Yale. | 他们可以在耶鲁度过一个学期 |
| 227 | They get to know each other as | 他们互相认识 |
| 228 | people, what motivates each one of them, their fears, their hopes. | 他们的恐惧和希望 |
| 229 | And they build their norms | 他们建立自己的规范 |
| 230 | as a group. | 作为一个团体。 |
| 231 | They work at building trust. | 他们致力于建立信任。 |
| 232 | It takes time and effort, but through this they learn that | 这需要时间和努力,但通过这 他们了解到 |
| 233 | what unites us is far greater than what divides us. | 团结我们的东西远比分裂我们的东西大得多。 |
| 234 | And I see world fellows as a microcosm of the | 我将世界人视为一个缩影 |
| 235 | world. | 这个世界 |
| 236 | And through cooperation and compromise, rather than competition and conflict, we can | 通过合作和妥协,而不是竞争和冲突,我们可以 |
| 237 | achieve better outcomes for all and outcomes which are sustainable. | 为所有人取得更好的成果以及可持续的成果。 |
| 238 | Another initiative in my center | 我中心的另一个倡议 |
| 239 | is the Yale Climate Fellows Program. | 是耶鲁气候研究员计划。 |
| 240 | And again, we advertise internationally and select 16 | 再说一遍,我们在国际上做广告 选择16个 |
| 241 | amazing people from the Global South who are dedicated to addressing climate change. | 来自全球南方的惊人人物, 他们致力于应对气候变化。 |
| 242 | They are government officials, bankers, lawyers, journalists, techies, entrepreneurs. | 他们是政府官员、银行家、律师、记者、技术人员、企业家。 |
| 243 | And they come | 他们来了 |
| 244 | and spend a week at Yale, a week in Paris and a week at COP. | 在耶鲁呆一周 在巴黎呆一周 参加COP |
| 245 | And they have Zoom sessions in between | 他们之间有缩放会话 |
| 246 | on specific subjects related to the green energy transition and conservation. | 与绿色能源过渡和节约有关的具体主题。 |
| 247 | So it's with great | 所以它与伟大的 |
| 248 | pleasure to share this stage today with three Chinese environmental and climate champions. | 今天很高兴与三位中国环境和气候冠军分享这个舞台. |
| 249 | Ma Jun, a 2006 Yale World Fellow. | 马军,2006年耶鲁大学世界研究员. |
| 250 | Binbin Wang, a 2023 Yale World Fellow. | 王斌彬,2023年耶鲁大学世界研究员. |
| 251 | And Zhou Weidiao, | 而周伟德, |
| 252 | a 2024 Yale Climate Fellow. | a 2024年耶鲁气候研究员。 |
| 253 | And to moderate this discussion, we have Yuval Bandavid, | 为了缓和这场讨论,我们有尤瓦尔·班达维德 |
| 254 | who's my chief strategy officer at the Yale International Leadership Center. | 他是耶鲁国际领导中心的战略主管 |
| 255 | He was my | 他曾经是我的 |
| 256 | student a decade ago. | 10年前的学生。 |
| 257 | And now he's the one who keeps me on time and tells me off when I'm doing | 而现在他却让我保持时间 并告诉我当我这样做 |
| 258 | the wrong thing. | 错误的事情。 |
| 259 | And he's also the manager of our climate fellowship. | 他也是我们气候研究会的经理 |
| 260 | And he himself has a background | 他自己也有一个背景 |
| 261 | in environmental peace building. | 在环境和平建设中。 |
| 262 | So thank you for coming. | 谢谢你能来 |
| 263 | And please join me in welcoming the | 请和我一起欢迎 |
| 264 | panelists. | 小组成员。 |
| 265 | What a joy it is to be here today with three of our fellows. | 今天和我们三个人在一起真是令人高兴 |
| 266 | I think Carol gave | 我觉得卡罗尔给了 |
| 267 | a great introduction to all of you. | 给大家介绍一下 |
| 268 | So in the interest of time, | 所以为了时间考虑 |
| 269 | we will dive right into the questions. | 我们将潜入问题。 |
| 270 | And maybe just to start us off, I think it'll be really | 也许只是让我们开始, 我想这将是真的 |
| 271 | interesting to hear about your journeys to working on this issue and that aha moment that you've had | 很高兴听到你为这个课题而作的旅程 还有你有过的这一刻 |
| 272 | when you realized this is what I want to do with my life. | 当你意识到这就是我想做的 我的生命。 |
| 273 | I want to work on environment. | 我想研究环境 |
| 274 | I want to | и稱 |
| 275 | Hello, everyone. | 大家好,你们好 |
| 276 | It's my great pleasure to be here today. | 我今大欢喜如来. |
| 277 | Because I was here when the Yale | 因为耶鲁时我在这里 |
| 278 | Spaging Center was opened on first day. | 斯派格中心于第一天开业. |
| 279 | So it was great pleasure to be back here and also to meet | 很高兴能回来,也很高兴能见面 |
| 280 | everybody here. | 所有人在这里。 |
| 281 | So for myself, I am of School of Forestry, the legacy School of Forestry student | 所以,我自己,我是林业学校, 遗留的林业学校的学生 |
| 282 | back in 2012. | 回到2012年时. |
| 283 | And my major was environmental science. | 我主修的是环境科学。 |
| 284 | And during the past 12 years, what I | 在过去12年里,我 |
| 285 | have been doing is energy sector research analysis, especially focusing on China's | 能源部门的研究分析,特别是中国的 |
| 286 | gas industry and power industry. | 天然气工业和电力工业. |
| 287 | But after five years of research, I feel like I'm too far away | 但经过五年的研究,我觉得自己太遥远了 |
| 288 | from the actual industry. | 从实际行业。 |
| 289 | I feel like myself being a practitioner more of a practitioner | 我觉得自己更像一个医生 |
| 290 | kind of person. | 有点像人 |
| 291 | So I decided to go to go really into the industry. | 所以我决定去真正进入这个行业。 |
| 292 | And that's why I'm now at BP | 这就是为什么我现在在英国 |
| 293 | and my new title actually just starting from today is the general manager of Beijing's network | 我的新头衔其实从今天开始 是北京网络的总经理 |
| 294 | of BP powers, which is a charging network for EV in China. | BP权力,是中国EV的充电网络. |
| 295 | So I, I feel my personality is more | 所以我,我觉得我的个性更强 |
| 296 | analytical, more practical kind of person. | 分析,更实用的人。 |
| 297 | But for environmental aspects, or for my past experience | 但环境方面,或者我过去的经验 |
| 298 | about environment, it's not originally it was not my personal tries to get into this industry, | 关于环境,它不是最初 它不是我个人试图进入这个行业, |
| 299 | because I was what we call it dispatched to the environmental engineering department when I was | 因为当时我叫它环保工程部 |
| 300 | entering the university. | 进入大学。 |
| 301 | But after a few years of study, and also a few years of | 但经过几年的学习, 以及几年的学习 |
| 302 | practitioners in the industry, I do feel like we have more and more severe issues, but also more | 业内从业者们 我觉得我们的问题越来越严重了 |
| 303 | and more opportunities in the industry. | 和更多的行业机会。 |
| 304 | While myself could be, I think the aha moment for me | 虽然自己可以,我觉得我的时刻 |
| 305 | is more like it's not really when I entered into the industry, but more like a time when I | 更像是我进入这个行业的时候 |
| 306 | went back home town, because my home town is in Jiangsu, have a lot of good food, I went there | 回到家乡,因为我的家乡在江苏, 有很多好食物,我去了那里 |
| 307 | back every year for spring festivals. | 每年的春节都这样 |
| 308 | And there was one time it was maybe 10 years ago. | 曾经有一次可能是十年前 |
| 309 | 10年了 10年了 10 years | |
| 310 | before 10 years, people all have their spring festival dinner back at home. | 10年前,人们都在家里吃春节晚宴 |
| 311 | But it was starting | 却开始了 |
| 312 | from 15 to 10 years ago when people started to eat the dinner, the big family dinner outside in | 15到10年前 人们开始吃晚饭 外边的大家庭晚餐 |
| 313 | restaurants. | 餐厅。 |
| 314 | And at that moment, people don't really have didn't really have the idea or the | 那时候,人们并没有真正的想法或想法 |
| 315 | opinion on saving or food saving as Emma mentioned. | Emma提到的关于储蓄或食物节约的意见。 |
| 316 | So there was a moment when I when we completed we | 所以有一刻,当我完成我们 |
| 317 | finished the dinner and basically 80% of the food on the table was left over. | 吃完了晚餐 桌上80%的食物都剩了下来 |
| 318 | And I was asking one | 我问一个 |
| 319 | question to my family saying, Are we going to, you know, take, are we going to take away the food | 问我的家人,说, 我们要去,你知道,拿, 我们要带走的食物 |
| 320 | for the remaining days? | 剩下的几天吗? |
| 321 | And back then, it was really heartbreaking for me because all of my family | 那时,这真的让我心碎 因为我的家人 |
| 322 | are saying, Oh, we don't need this food, we will have new foods tomorrow. | 我们不需要这些食物 明天会有新的食物 |
| 323 | So it was a moment when I | 所以,这是一个时刻,我 |
| 324 | feel like we do need a lot of education, especially from the ground to the population to the people | 感觉我们确实需要很多教育,特别是从地面到人口到人民 |
| 325 | really, that we communicate, we talk to everybody every day to let them know that we do have this | 真的,我们沟通, 我们每天都和大家交谈 让他们知道我们确实有这个 |
| 326 | issue, because I've been educated for 10 years about, you know, all the challenges that we have | 问题,因为我已经受过十年的教育 关于,你知道,所有的挑战,我们有 |
| 327 | been experienced, but even my families, even my parents, they don't care about it. | 曾经有过经历,但即使是我的家人, 甚至我的父母, 他们不在乎它。 |
| 328 | So that's more | 所以,这是更多的 |
| 329 | of a of a time when I say when I feel like, well, we probably need to do to do more work in terms of | 当我说,当我感觉,嗯, 我们也许需要做更多的工作 |
| 330 | public educations, and to really get people to understand what's happening and what would be the | 公众教育, 并真正让人们 了解发生了什么 和会是什么 |
| 331 | impact. | 影响。 |
| 332 | And that's really a turning point for me to really starting from converting myself from | 这对我来说确实是一个转折点 从转变自我开始 |
| 333 | doing just analysis research, to go into the industry to really try to either to provide | 仅仅做分析研究,进入行业 真正尝试要么提供 |
| 334 | more environmental friendly products or services to the population, or to be more closer to the | 更有利于环境的产品或服务,或 |
| 335 | customers. | 顾客 |
| 336 | So I hope that's this. | 所以我希望是这样。 |
| 337 | That's, that's my experience. | 那是我的经验 |
| 338 | But I feel like over the past 10 years, | 但我觉得在过去十年里 |
| 339 | my family has changed quite a lot. | 我家变了很多 |
| 340 | Very, it's in a very positive way, they're not taking, | 非常,这是一个非常积极的方式, 他们没有采取, |
| 341 | taking back all the remaining foods from every dinner they are taking outside. | 收回所有剩下的食物 从他们每晚餐 外带。 |
| 342 | So I think, | 所以我觉得, |
| 343 | in general, we are seeing pretty good and positive changes in the society. | 总体来说,我们看到社会发生了相当良好和积极的变化。 |
| 344 | So | 这么说 |
| 345 | as Carol introduced, I'm now working at Impact University. | 正如卡罗尔介绍的 我现在在影响大学工作 |
| 346 | Before this program, | 在这个节目之前 |
| 347 | I worked for Tsinghua University, and before I worked for Tsinghua University across a lot | 我在清华大学工作 之前我经常在清华大学工作 |
| 348 | different stakeholders. | 不同的利害关系方。 |
| 349 | And because I'm curious about the world, and I really want to, | 因为我对这个世界好奇 我真的很想 |
| 350 | you know, I care about the story of people. | 你知道,我关心关于人的故事。 |
| 351 | So at the very beginning, I work as a journalist, | 所以从一开始 我做记者 |
| 352 | as in as a margin. | 作为边际。 |
| 353 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 354 | And then it's my own choice. | 然后这是我自己的选择。 |
| 355 | I choose this job. | 我选这份工作 |
| 356 | But then during the | 但后来在 |
| 357 | Sichuan earthquake in 2008, I really want to go to the earthquake impact area and help the people. | 2008年四川地震,我真想到地震灾区帮助群众. |
| 358 | So I participated in international organization, development organization, Austin. | 所以我参加了国际组织,发展组织,奥斯汀。 |
| 359 | And they sent me to the area. | 他们把我送到了那个地方 |
| 360 | And thus I can stay with the people there and really help them, | 这样我就可以和那里的人们住在一起 真正帮助他们 |
| 361 | help them to raise money from Hong Kong, from around the world, and to like rebuild their home. | 帮助他们从香港,世界各地募集资金,并喜欢重建家园. |
| 362 | And I feel so satisfied. | 我觉得很满意 |
| 363 | But one year later, in 2009, my life changed. | 但一年之后,2009年,我的生活发生了变化。 |
| 364 | This time it's not | 这次不是 |
| 365 | myself, you know, choose my fate. | 我自己,你知道,选择我的命运。 |
| 366 | It's the fate choose me. | 是缘选择我. |
| 367 | Because I was told that, | 因为我被告知, |
| 368 | hey, there is a big conference in Copenhagen as the end of this year is about climate change. | 嘿,哥本哈根有个大型会议 因为今年的年底是关于气候变化的 |
| 369 | And since you are very good at like write stories based on your background, and you care about | 既然你非常擅长根据你的背景写故事 而你在乎 |
| 370 | people. | 人们 |
| 371 | So we decide to send you there. | 所以我们决定派你去那里 |
| 372 | I say what? | 我说什么? |
| 373 | What kind of topic? | 什么样的话题? |
| 374 | I really have no idea. | 我实在不知道 |
| 375 | Then my aha moment come. | 然后,我的时刻来了。 |
| 376 | So the first aha moment is | 所以第一个时刻是 |
| 377 | in the small village in Gansu. | 在甘肃小村. |
| 378 | Because I really want to know what's the climate impact in China. | 因为我非常想知道中国的气候影响是什么。 |
| 379 | So I think climate change is a new term for me. | 所以我认为气候变化对我来说是一个新的术语。 |
| 380 | And then I visit a small village and I met a | 然后我去了一个小村庄 我遇到了一个 |
| 381 | farmer there. | 那边的农民。 |
| 382 | And I asked him, hey, do you know climate change? | 我问他 你知道气候变化吗? |
| 383 | And I have no expectation that | 我没想到 |
| 384 | he can really tell me something. | 他真的可以告诉我一些事情。 |
| 385 | But he said, yes. | 但他说,是的。 |
| 386 | And what happened? | 发生了什么事? |
| 387 | He said, see, | 他说,你看, |
| 388 | here is Gansu, like nine draws in 10 years. | 这里有甘肃,像九画 在十年。 |
| 389 | But in this decade, more draws come and no rains every | 但在这个十年里, 更多的画来,没有雨 |
| 390 | year. | 年数。 |
| 391 | And this March, there is no rain, but there is a snowball. | 而今三月,无雨,但有雪丸. |
| 392 | So all my harvest disappeared, | 我所有的收获都消失了 |
| 393 | and I have no incomes. | 我没有收入。 |
| 394 | I say, oh, so there is a real climate impact in China. | 我说,哦,所以在中国有真正的气候影响。 |
| 395 | And then I went to | 礛и |
| 396 | I take this picture, this story, and went to Copenhagen. | 我拍了这张照片,这个故事,然后去了哥本哈根。 |
| 397 | And a big aha moment, you know, | 和大哈的时刻,你知道, |
| 398 | visit me, because I never thought it's such an important global topic. | 来拜访我,因为我从来没有认为 这是一个如此重要的全球话题。 |
| 399 | There's so many people | 这么多人 |
| 400 | from different countries gather together to discuss how to address it. | 来自不同国家的代表聚集一堂,讨论如何解决这一问题。 |
| 401 | And they come from | 他们来自 |
| 402 | different industries, from government and from NGOs, from media, and they all care about it. | 不同行业、政府和非政府组织、媒体都关心这个问题。 |
| 403 | Some from environmental perspective, some from developmental perspective, | 一些从环境角度出发,有些从发展角度出发, |
| 404 | different perspective. | 不同的视角。 |
| 405 | I say, why? | 我说,为什么? |
| 406 | And some from small island, and there's so many information | 一些来自小岛, 有这么多的信息 |
| 407 | came to my mind. | 来到我脑海里 |
| 408 | And another very interesting point is, I never thought that I work for an NGO. | 另一个有趣的点是, 我从没想过我为一个非政府组织工作。 |
| 409 | I have no idea about NGO in China. | 我对中国的非政府组织一无所知。 |
| 410 | Also, I work for an international organization. | 而且,我为一个国际组织工作。 |
| 411 | But at that moment, I realized that, oh, the term is NGO, I work for international NGO, | 但在那一刻,我意识到,哦,这个词是非政府组织,我为国际非政府组织工作, |
| 412 | and NGO is really so powerful, and have a special role in this kind of global governance | 以及非政府组织在这种全球治理中发挥特殊作用 |
| 413 | structure. | 结构。 |
| 414 | I say, Oh, it's a such a super topic. | 我说,哦,这是一个超级话题。 |
| 415 | And it's really related to the earth, | 这真的与地球有关 |
| 416 | to the nature, to people. | 对自然,对人。 |
| 417 | And it can satisfy all my curiosity about the world. | 它能满足我对世界的所有好奇心。 |
| 418 | It can hold me. | 它能抱着我。 |
| 419 | So | 这么说 |
| 420 | this kind of a feeling aha moment, support me to continue my journey in the field. | 支持我继续我在外地的旅程 |
| 421 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 422 | It's just so nice to be invited back to the Yale community and | 很高兴被邀请回耶鲁社区 |
| 423 | someone who truly benefited from this. | 一个真正从中获益的人 |
| 424 | The chance for me to say again, thank you, | 我有机会再说一遍 谢谢 |
| 425 | Yale, and thank you for your support. | 耶律,,谢 your辅佐. |
| 426 | I was exposed to some of the environmental issues earlier, | 我之前接触到一些环境问题 |
| 427 | that was 30 years ago. | 这是30年前。 |
| 428 | When I worked for the media, I got the chance to travel different parts of | 当我为媒体工作时,我有机会 旅行的不同部分 |
| 429 | China, and the water shortage, pollution and destruction of the freshwater ecosystem really | 中国和淡水生态系统的缺水、污染和破坏 |
| 430 | shocked me. | 吓死我了 |
| 431 | And it was some aha moment, you know, as someone who worked for the media, | 作为媒体的负责人 |
| 432 | got the chance to question those who are in charge, who are in charge. | 有机会质问那些负责的人,谁负责。 |
| 433 | And I still remember | 我仍然记得 |
| 434 | the chief engineer of the Yellow River Commission, you know, when I asked about the river, you know, | 黄河委员会的总工程师,你知道, 当我问起河流,你知道, |
| 435 | drive up for more than 200 days, not a single drop can add into the sea. | 驾车超过200天,没有一滴水可以加进大海. |
| 436 | And I asked him, | 我问他, |
| 437 | but he said, actually, some of the hydrologists, his fellow hydrologists would consider this as | 但他说,实际上,一些水文学家, 他的同行水文学家会认为这是 |
| 438 | the maximum use of the resource. | 资源的最大使用。 |
| 439 | It's actually, to me, you know, I kind of feel that maybe our | 实际上,对我来说,我觉得也许我们 |
| 440 | whole philosophy, our whole philosophy toward nature, you know, this relationship between | 整个哲学,我们整个哲学 对自然,你知道,这种关系 |
| 441 | man and nature, there must be something quite wrong there. | 人与自然,那里一定有大错特错 |
| 442 | And so I put this into a book, | 所以我把这个写进一本书里 |
| 443 | China's Water Crisis in 1999, and then motivated by the readers to look for solutions. | 1999年"中国水利危机",后受读者激励寻求解决方案. |
| 444 | And gradually, | 渐渐地, |
| 445 | you know, I joined an environmental consulting firm and then tried to search for technical | 你知道,我加入了一家环境咨询公司 然后试图寻找技术 |
| 446 | and policy solutions. | 和政策解决办法。 |
| 447 | And then I was very privileged to be selected as a War Fellow | 后来我有幸被选为战争研究员 |
| 448 | in 2004. | 于2004年举行。 |
| 449 | And I was also lucky at that time, Dan must be the first director of the program. | 当时我也很幸运,丹一定是节目的第一任导演. |
| 450 | Professor Dan Nasty happened to be a professor of the Yale Law School, but also Forestry School. | 丹·纳斯蒂教授恰好是耶鲁法学院的教授,但也曾是林业学校的教授. |
| 451 | And so I took a course on environmental law and policy. | 所以我上过环境法和政策课程。 |
| 452 | And just in a classroom quite like this, | 就在这样的教室里 |
| 453 | I sat there and he talked about how in America the path toward, you know, solving the environmental | 我坐在那里,他谈到如何在美国 走向,你知道,解决环境 |
| 454 | problem, he said, first, you know, command and control, you know, you push for the legislation | 问题,他说,首先,你知道, 指挥和控制,你知道,你推动立法 |
| 455 | and then try to drive enforcement through the court. | 然后试图通过法院推动执行。 |
| 456 | And then second way is market-based | 然后第二种方式是市场 |
| 457 | solutions like emission trading. | 排放量交易等解决办法。 |
| 458 | And then the third one is about transparency, environmental | 第三个是透明度,环境 |
| 459 | transparency. | 透明度。 |
| 460 | And to me, I think, you know, bingo, that actually we need to start from the opposite | 对我来说,我想,你知道,宾果, 其实我们需要从相反的开始 |
| 461 | end, because we have an issue, you know, at that time, an issue of such a magnitude and great | 结束,因为我们有一个问题, 你知道,在那个时候, 一个如此严重和伟大的问题 |
| 462 | complexity. | 复杂。 |
| 463 | It's not just, you know, hundreds of millions exposed to health hazards by all this | 这不仅仅是,你知道,亿万 暴露在健康危险 通过这一切 |
| 464 | air, water, and soil pollution. | 空气、水和土壤污染。 |
| 465 | It's also behind that, it's almost like, you know, not just very | 也在那后面,它几乎就像, 你知道,不只是非常 |
| 466 | technical issue of low cost of violations or weak enforcement. | 违约成本低或执法不力的技术问题。 |
| 467 | It's behind that, it's the whole | 它的背后,这是整个 |
| 468 | doctrine of GDP growth rate and environmental protection. | 国内生产总值增长率和环境保护理论。 |
| 469 | And then behind that is the philosophy. | 后面是哲学 |
| 470 | So we have to tackle those issues. | 因此,我们必须解决这些问题。 |
| 471 | And I trust that there is a need for an extensive public | 我相信需要一个广泛的公众 |
| 472 | participation. | 参与。 |
| 473 | We need all the stakeholders to come together to, you know, because environment is | 我们需要所有利益相关者团结起来,因为环境是 |
| 474 | fundamentally, it's for the people and for this whole plan at home. | 从根本上来说,这是为了人民和整个家庭的计划。 |
| 475 | But it's for the people, | 但是为了人民 |
| 476 | and the people can take action. | 人民可以采取行动。 |
| 477 | And they will suffer from all this destruction, but they also | 他们将遭受毁灭,但他们也遭受毁灭, |
| 478 | benefit. | 福利。 |
| 479 | And we need them to join the efforts, but people must be, you know, prerequisite for that is | 我们需要他们加入到努力中来, 但人们,你知道, 先决条件是 |
| 480 | information. | 资料。 |
| 481 | So it reminded me of all these difficulties when I searched for, you know, | 所以,它提醒了我所有这些困难 当我寻找,你知道, |
| 482 | did my research of my book, it was so difficult to access any information about the environmental | 我研究了我的书 很难获得任何关于环境的信息 |
| 483 | situation. | 情况 |
| 484 | And sometimes I have to go to the National Library to get the scattering data | 有时我必须去国家图书馆 获取分散的数据 |
| 485 | and information on some of the rivers and some of the pollution situation. | 以及一些河流和一些污染状况的信息。 |
| 486 | So I trust that we need to start it from there. | 所以我相信我们需要从那里开始。 |
| 487 | So that was in the Hamun and back from Yale, | 所以那是在哈蒙河和耶鲁河后 |
| 488 | back to China. | 回到中国。 |
| 489 | Finally, I decided that NGO, maybe, you know, before that, I got a bit hesitant, | 最后,我决定,非政府组织,也许,你知道, 在此之前,我有点犹豫, |
| 490 | because at that time, NGO is, you know, NGO or Transparency, none of these are part of our DNA | 因为那时候,非政府组织,你知道, 非政府组织或透明, 这些都不是我们的DNA的一部分 |
| 491 | of this culture. | 这种文化。 |
| 492 | So it was a bit considered to be quite sensitive. | 因此,它被认为相当敏感。 |
| 493 | And | 还有 |
| 494 | back 2006, it was a moment I decided that, look, it's time to really, if we want to take that | 在2006年的时候,我决定, 听着, 是时候了,如果我们想接受 |
| 495 | seriously, then let's build a database to compile all this data. | 认真的,然后我们建立一个数据库来汇编所有的数据。 |
| 496 | And so we got started there 18 | 所以我们开始在那里18 |
| 497 | years ago. | 数年前. |
| 498 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 499 | It's really inspiring personal stories. | 这真的很鼓舞人心 |
| 500 | And I think what's also | 我认为什么是 |
| 501 | interesting hearing the three of them is, is how they reflect this enormous stride that we've | 有趣的听他们三个是, 他们如何反映这个巨大的脚步,我们已经 |
| 502 | we've made in environmental awareness here in China, I think in the whole world. | 我们在中国的环境意识已经提高, 我想在全世界。 |
| 503 | And this also | 还有这个 |
| 504 | environmental awareness to climate consciousness. | 环境意识与气候意识。 |
| 505 | And, and I think, maybe my next question to | 我想,也许我的下一个问题 |
| 506 | we're here in, Emma mentioned the beautiful skies in Beijing. | 我们在这里,艾玛提到 美丽的天空在北京。 |
| 507 | Clearly, China's made incredible | 很明显,中国是不可思议的 |
| 508 | strides on climate and environment in the past decades. | 过去几十年在气候和环境方面取得的进步。 |
| 509 | And you're an analyst, as you mentioned, | 你是一个分析师, 正如你提到的, |
| 510 | you're a very student analyst of China's energy markets, the great transition, and you work really | 你是一个非常的学生分析家 中国的能源市场, 伟大的转型, |
| 511 | at the forefront of EV adoption. | 在EV收养的前列。 |
| 512 | I think last year, half of the new solar wind in the world | 我想去年, 世界上一半的新太阳风 |
| 513 | was in China. | 当时在中国 |
| 514 | And China is certainly the leader in terms of EV adoption and market penetration. | 而中国在EV收养和市场渗透方面当然是领先的. |
| 515 | So how do you explain that? | 你怎么解释? |
| 516 | And what are the structural forces there? | 那里的结构性力量是什么? |
| 517 | And what can the rest | 其余的还有什么 |
| 518 | of the world learn from China's massive, very successful green push? | 向全世界学习中国的大规模,非常成功的绿色推力? |
| 519 | Yeah, just to add to your point, not only 50% of solar wind was installed in China last year, | 是啊,只是补充你的观点, 不仅50%的太阳风是去年在中国安装的, |
| 520 | but also about 50% of the EVs were sold in China. | 但也有约50%的EV在中国销售. |
| 521 | So I, when I started with the energy industry, | 所以我,当我开始 能源工业, |
| 522 | it was 15 years ago when I started about solar industry, solar manufacturing industry in China. | 15年前 我开始研究太阳能工业 中国太阳能制造业 |
| 523 | And that was a time when China's solar industry got into some troubles with overcapacity, with | 那时中国的太阳能工业 遇到了一些麻烦 产能过剩,与 |
| 524 | production complements, etc. | 生产补充等。 |
| 525 | But I think it's very similar for the solar wind industry compared to | 但我觉得太阳风工业 和太阳风工业非常相似 |
| 526 | what has happened over the past 10 years for the EV industry. | 过去十年来EV产业所发生的一切。 |
| 527 | The Chinese government has always been | 中国政府一直以来 |
| 528 | pretty practical and pragmatic in terms of developing the new energy industry. | 在发展新能源产业方面相当实用实用。 |
| 529 | They know, while the government and all the industry players, we know that this is the | 他们知道,当政府和所有行业参与者, 我们知道这是 |
| 530 | long-term trend to go. | 长期发展趋势。 |
| 531 | Either it's solar wind, either it's EV. | 要么是太阳风 要么是EV风 |
| 532 | We are going to meet them in 30 | 我们30分钟后去见他们 |
| 533 | years or 20 years. | 两年或二十年 |
| 534 | It二释. | |
| 535 | And in the future, we do need this resource, | 而在未来,我们确实需要这种资源 |
| 536 | either it's from the equipment or it's from the installations. | 要么是设备上的 要么是设施上的 |
| 537 | So we know that there is this massive | 所以,我们知道 有一个巨大的 |
| 538 | demand from the market and basically goes back to the favorite two words from the analyst work, | 市场的需求 并基本上回到最喜欢的两个字 从分析工作, |
| 539 | which is supply and demand. | 这是供求。 |
| 540 | And because there will be demand, and the Chinese government think that | 因为会有需求,中国政府认为 |
| 541 | we will provide supplies. | 我们会提供补给 |
| 542 | And that is basically the original drive for the Chinese government to | 这基本上是中国政府的最初动力 |
| 543 | push for solar wind and EV development. | 推动太阳风和EV发展. |
| 544 | Basically it's, I would say maybe at the very beginning, | 基本上,我想说,也许从一开始, |
| 545 | it's more on the supply side compared to the demand side. | 与需求方相比,在供给方面更为突出. |
| 546 | So this is a good industry | 所以,这是一个好的行业 |
| 547 | that we can probably tap into because we have this massive production capability. | 因为我们拥有如此庞大的生产能力。 |
| 548 | And later on with that, we will be able to reduce the cost and making either solar wind or EV now | 之后,我们将可以 降低成本 并制造太阳风 或EV现在 |
| 549 | cheaper so that people can accept it either from the end users as say energy users or | 价格低廉,人们可以接受 终端用户,比如能源用户或 |
| 550 | as individuals consumers. | 作为个人消费者。 |
| 551 | So the more pragmatic way of the Chinese government has been trying | 所以中国政府的更务实的方法 一直在尝试 |
| 552 | to leverage our massive manufacturing capability to first drive for the cost reduction in those | 利用我们庞大的制造能力,首先推动降低成本 |
| 553 | equipment. | 设备。 |
| 554 | And at the same time, providing incentives to the end users so that they can | 同时,向最终用户提供奖励,使他们能够 |
| 555 | also on the other hand, build the demand. | 另一方面,建立需求。 |
| 556 | For example, for starting from 2009 to 2015 and 2016, | 例如,从2009年至2015年和2016年, |
| 557 | there has been great incentives on solar wind installations. | 太阳风装置受到很大鼓励。 |
| 558 | And nowadays, we don't need that | 而现在,我们不需要 |
| 559 | anymore because there are already great parity. | 因为已经存在巨大的平等。 |
| 560 | And for EV as well for the past years, the Chinese | 对于EV以及过去的年代,中国人 |
| 561 | government did have provided incentives to the producers and also to end users, for example, | 政府确实向生产者和最终用户提供了奖励,例如, |
| 562 | tax exemptions to try to drive demand. | 减税以试图驱动需求。 |
| 563 | So it's more like government policies on both ways, | 因此,这更像是政府的政策 两种方式, |
| 564 | one on supply, one on demand, just try to build domestic markets and also try to build up this | 一个是供应,一个是需求, 试图建立国内市场, 也试图建立这一点 |
| 565 | industry from supply side. | 工业从供应方。 |
| 566 | So that's a pretty pragmatic way. | 这是一个相当务实的方法。 |
| 567 | I would say we vision the long | 我会说,我们想象的漫长 |
| 568 | term trend, there will be demand both in China and internationally. | 中国和国际上都会有需求。 |
| 569 | And we know there will be | 我们知道会有 |
| 570 | demand and we need supply. | 需求,我们需要供给。 |
| 571 | So that's more my feeling about how Chinese government and the | 我对中国政府和中国 |
| 572 | country has been taking on this, and why China has been quite successful in those new energy | 国家一直在接受,为什么中国在这些新能源方面相当成功 |
| 573 | industries. | 工业。 |
| 574 | I'm curious maybe to get your perspectives as well. | 我好奇也许也能得到你的看法 |
| 575 | If we were to sort of say | 如果我们说 |
| 576 | the Harvard Business School case study or the Yale SOM case study, what would be the | 哈佛商学院的个案研究或耶鲁大学SOM的个案研究, |
| 577 | sort of the main takeaways, the bullet points in terms of lessons from China's transition? | 从中国转型的教训来看, |
| 578 | Okay, let me take that first. | 好吧,让我先拿。 |
| 579 | Yeah, one of the, I think one of the trick here is that, | 是的,其中之一, 我认为其中的一个技巧是, |
| 580 | of course, it has a lot to do with some sort of vision from some visionary leaders like our | 当然,这和我们这些有远见的领导人的某种远见有关 |
| 581 | minister, former minister of technology, science and technology. | 曾任科技部部长. |
| 582 | And many years ago, he started | 很多年前,他开始 |
| 583 | thinking that EV will be the future. | 认为EV将是未来。 |
| 584 | So even before, everyone and most of the people think | 所以,即使以前,每个人和大多数人都认为 |
| 585 | that as some sort of something to the far distance future. | 成为遥远未来的东西 |
| 586 | And he continued to push for that and | 他继续推动这个, |
| 587 | make investment into the R&D. | 投资研发。 |
| 588 | I think all those helps. | 我认为所有这些帮助。 |
| 589 | But to China, this whole big policy shift, | 但对于中国来说 整个政策转变 |
| 590 | we can think about China, maybe everyone will, most people would take this as a top down society, | 我们可以想到中国,也许每个人都会, 大多数人会把这作为一个顶级社会, |
| 591 | it's managed in a way that with this government have the absolute power. | 它的管理方式 与这个政府拥有绝对的权力。 |
| 592 | That's quite true. | 没错 |
| 593 | But on the other hand, when we look into the transition, particularly what happened | 但另一方面,当我们审视过渡时, 特别是发生了什么 |
| 594 | during the past more than 10 years of time, we can see that the Bolton up approach, | 在过去十年多的时间里 我们可以看到博尔顿的方法 |
| 595 | the public also played a bigger role, actually, than expected. | 实际上,公众也发挥了比预期更大的作用。 |
| 596 | Emma mentioned about visiting, first visit to Beijing in 2016. | 艾玛提到访问,2016年首次访问北京. |
| 597 | But that was still a movement, | 但这还是个运动 |
| 598 | Beijing's air quality is still quite poor, and it was quite poor. | 北京的空气质量仍然相当差,当时也相当差. |
| 599 | But already, better than some | 但已经比有些人好 |
| 600 | four or five years ago, when we at that time, in 2011, for nearly 10 days, would not be able to see | 四、五年前,当我们当时,在2011年,将近10天的时间里,将看不到 |
| 601 | the building over there. | 那边的大楼 |
| 602 | And we would not be able to have the airplane land for a week. | 一周内飞机无法降落 |
| 603 | And so it | 就这样 |
| 604 | was very, very serious smog. | 非常非常严重的烟雾。 |
| 605 | And I still remember that in January 2011, we made our, | 我还记得,2011年1月,我们做了 |
| 606 | we all feel a bit surprised that the first amendment of the air quality standards, | 我们都感到有点惊讶 空气质量标准的第一次修正, |
| 607 | PM2.5 was not there. | PM2.5不在场。 |
| 608 | And ozone was not there. | 而臭氧并不存在。 |
| 609 | Because it was argued that it was too early for | 因为有人说现在还为时过早 |
| 610 | by the professionals, by the officials. | 由专业人员,由官员。 |
| 611 | But during the smoggy period, we can see | 但是在烟雾时期,我们可以看到 |
| 612 | millions upon millions of citizens make their voice heard through social media, demanding for | 数百万公民通过社交媒体表达他们的声音,要求 |
| 613 | cleaner air and demanding also for the fact, for the data. | 更清洁的空气,也要求事实,数据。 |
| 614 | And we have to do our research | 我们必须做我们的研究 |
| 615 | with Renmin University a few years earlier, and came up with Air Quality Transparency Index, | 与任民大学几年前, 并提出了空气质量 透明指数, |
| 616 | and identify for all this interest to protect people's health. | 并且为所有这些利益确定保护人们的健康。 |
| 617 | And we need those parameters | 我们需要这些参数 |
| 618 | to be monitored and disclosed. | 将进行监测和披露。 |
| 619 | And toward the end of that year, we, you know, we're very happy to | 在那年年底,我们,你知道, 我们很高兴 |
| 620 | see them. | 看他们。 |
| 621 | Vice Premier Li Keqiang made a decision in the State Council meeting that it was time | 李克强副总理在国务院会议上作出"是时候了"的决定. |
| 622 | to give people that data. | 给人们数据。 |
| 623 | And so in very short period of time, from 2013, 74 cities started | 因此在很短的时间内,从2013年开始,74个城市开始了 |
| 624 | measuring and disclosed every hour. | 测量和披露每个小时。 |
| 625 | Before that, it's just daily average. | 在此之前,这只是日均. |
| 626 | And then 190, and then | 然后190,然后,然后 |
| 627 | all the 338 cities across China, in just three years of time, fully covered and monitored | 中国所有338个城市,在短短的三年内, 全部覆盖和监控 |
| 628 | every hour. | 每时每刻 |
| 629 | Of course, we know how serious it was. | 当然,我们知道它有多严重。 |
| 630 | At that time, WHO standards was 10. | 当时,卫生组织的标准是10。 |
| 631 | In Beijing, I still remember the first month, monthly average was 130 or something. | 在北京,我仍然记得第一个月,月平均是130个左右. |
| 632 | And | 还有 |
| 633 | of course, today, it is 10. | 当然,今天是10岁。 |
| 634 | But 130, and it was serious. | 但是130,这是严重的。 |
| 635 | And of course, people know which | 当然,人们知道 |
| 636 | day to put on face masks and lock their children in the door, but that's not enough. | 戴着面罩把孩子锁在门里 但这还不够 |
| 637 | And we work | 我们的工作 |
| 638 | with 20 other, 25 other NGOs, launch a total transparency initiative, calling for the | 与其他20个非政府组织、25个其他非政府组织一道,发起了一项全面透明度倡议,呼吁 |
| 639 | emission source data to be disclosed also every hour, in real time. | 排放源数据也将按小时实时披露。 |
| 640 | For the two-hour surprise, | 对于两个小时的惊喜, |
| 641 | the ministry made a by-law to make that happen from 2014. | 内政部为从2014年起实现这一点制定了细则。 |
| 642 | Today, tens of thousands of them, | 今天,成千上万的人, |
| 643 | every hour or every two hours, need to report their emission monitoring data to the public. | 每一小时或每两小时需要向公众报告其排放监测数据。 |
| 644 | And we launched the BlueMap app, how to visualize that. | 我们推出了BlueMap应用软件, 如何直观。 |
| 645 | Otherwise, people would not be able to | 否则,人们将无法 |
| 646 | interpret those technical data. | 解读这些技术数据。 |
| 647 | But those who are not in compliance will turn red, from blue to | 但是那些不服从的人会变成红色,从蓝色变成蓝色 |
| 648 | turn red, turning red. | 变红,变红 |
| 649 | And then the local users knows in their community who are the largest | 当地用户知道谁是最大的 |
| 650 | polluters. | 污染者。 |
| 651 | And they share that through social media, hacking the official account, social media | 他们通过社交媒体 黑进官方账户 社交媒体 |
| 652 | finding the so-called Michael reporting. | 找到所谓的迈克尔报告。 |
| 653 | And tens of thousands have been filed at that time. | 而当时已备案数万. |
| 654 | And then we have the local environmental agencies approaching and saying that, look, | 然后我们让当地的环保机构接近 并说,你看, |
| 655 | you know, we're going to follow this, but please, you know, this is a kind of a way that public | 你知道,我们将遵循这一点, 但请,你知道,这是一种方式 公众 |
| 656 | participation can happen. | 参与可以实现。 |
| 657 | Based on data is better than, you know, what kind of wild way. | 根据数据,比,你知道, 什么样的野生方式更好。 |
| 658 | They give | 他们给 |
| 659 | them an excuse to open the door of those very powerful companies, power plants, iron, steel, | 他们可以打开那些非常强大的公司、发电厂、铁、钢的门, |
| 660 | and cement. | 还有水泥 |
| 661 | So for the first time, they started respond to the public voice and public petition. | 因此,他们第一次开始回应公共声音和公众请愿. |
| 662 | And through the process, we can see some of them spent over a billion dollars just to cut their | 通过这个过程,我们可以看到其中一些人花费了十亿多美元来削减他们的 |
| 663 | mission. | 任务。 |
| 664 | And through all these years, we can see that you mentioned about the last 10 years, | 这些年来,我们可以看到 你提到了过去10年, |
| 665 | it was quite dramatic. | 非常戏剧化。 |
| 666 | You know, first, 2013, Beijing's PM 2.5, 89.5 micrograms | 你知道,第一,2013,北京的PM2.5,89.5微克 |
| 667 | annual average. | 年度平均数。 |
| 668 | And last year, you know, the year before last year, 10 years later, was 30. | 去年,你知道,去年的前一年,10年后,是30年。 |
| 669 | From nearly 90 to 30. | 从近90到30。 |
| 670 | Last year, some rebound 32. | 去年,一些反弹32。 |
| 671 | And across the major regions, | 在各主要地区, |
| 672 | caught by, it declined by more than 50%. | 受感染,下降50%以上。 |
| 673 | And through the process, actually, it has these | 通过这个过程,实际上,它有这些 |
| 674 | so-called create some sort of synergy with the climate action. | 所谓与气候行动产生某种协同效应。 |
| 675 | Of course, to tackle the | 当然,为了解决 |
| 676 | environmental issue, thousands upon thousands coal mines have to be shut down. | 成千上万的煤矿必须关闭。 |
| 677 | All those | 所有这些 |
| 678 | 200,000 smaller, inefficient coal fired oilers have to be suspended and shut down. | 20万家规模较小,效率低下的燃煤油厂要停产停产停产. |
| 679 | So all this | 所以这一切 |
| 680 | leads to a vast and a sudden stop of China's vast expansion of coal consumption. | 导致中国煤炭消费的大规模扩大,突然停止. |
| 681 | Before that, | 在此之前, |
| 682 | China's coal consumption tripled in just 11 years of time. | 中国煤炭消费在短短11年时间里翻了三倍. |
| 683 | But after that, it's actually, | 但之后,实际上, |
| 684 | you know, got stabilized. | 你知道,得到稳定。 |
| 685 | And then in some years, even did not. | 几年后,甚至没有。 |
| 686 | But in recent years, | 但近年来, |
| 687 | been in those. | 曾经在那些。 |
| 688 | And I'm sure we all know that last year, we started seeing some rebound again. | 我敢肯定,我们都知道,去年, 我们开始看到一些反弹。 |
| 689 | So | 这么说 |
| 690 | of course, we're at the crossroad. | 当然,我们在十字路口。 |
| 691 | You know, it's very, very difficult. | 你知道,这是非常,非常困难的。 |
| 692 | The post pandemic, | 后大流行, |
| 693 | the pandemic first, and then post pandemic, the turbulent energy market, and then the geopolitical | 首先,然后是流行病、动荡的能源市场和地缘政治 |
| 694 | tension, the authority on that. | 紧张, 权威的。 |
| 695 | And so all this put together, push energy security to a, you know, | 所以这一切合起来 将能源安全推向一个,你知道, |
| 696 | rebound, you know, have to come back to that. | 反弹,你知道, 必须回到那个。 |
| 697 | And so that was unfortunate. | 所以,这是不幸的。 |
| 698 | And so we are now | 所以我们现在 |
| 699 | at the moment, as Joey mentioned, the number one in the world on all these renewables, China | 目前,正如乔伊提到, 世界上排名第一的这些可再生能源,中国 |
| 700 | is on our way to achieve our 2030 targets set for wind and solar by the end of this year. | 我们即将实现我们为今年年底风能和太阳能设定的2030年目标。 |
| 701 | 2030 | 2030 (英语). |
| 702 | But in the meantime, also, we are seeing the coal again picked up. | 但与此同时,我们又看到煤又被捡起来。 |
| 703 | So this is the very dynamic | 所以这是非常动态的 |
| 704 | situation. | 情况 |
| 705 | It's up to everyone. | 由一切众生. |
| 706 | You know, one of the reasons that it's more difficult for on the | 你知道,一个原因 它更困难在上 |
| 707 | climate side is people, you know, we still lack the strong public opinion, public awareness, | 气候方面是人, 你知道,我们仍然缺乏 强大的舆论, 公众意识, |
| 708 | and public support to a stronger climate policy. | 和公众对加强气候政策的支持。 |
| 709 | I think that's why, you know, the work of Bingbing | 我想这就是为什么,你知道, 炳宾的工作 |
| 710 | and Joey is so important, because we need to build that to the level, you know, equal to that of the | 乔伊是如此重要,因为我们需要 建设到水平,你知道, 与 |
| 711 | perception of our understanding of our pollution and its impact. | 我们对于污染及其影响的认识。 |
| 712 | So yeah, I like your question, | 所以,是的,我喜欢你的问题, |
| 713 | because I just realized we three have different perspectives from private sector, from NGO, | 因为我刚刚意识到我们三个人的观点 与私人部门,非政府组织不同, |
| 714 | and I think I can, I work very closely with the Chinese government and from the academic | 我想,我可以,我与中国政府 和学术界密切合作 |
| 715 | perspective. | 视角。 |
| 716 | So I have two points to take away. | 所以,我有两点要拿掉。 |
| 717 | So the first one is for China government, | 所以第一个是给中国政府的 |
| 718 | really take this issue, climate change seriously. | 真正重视这个问题, 气候变化。 |
| 719 | So it's the most different point compared with, | 所以,这是最不同的点 比, |
| 720 | I think, us and other countries. | 我认为,我们和其他国家。 |
| 721 | Why I have this kind of competence to say this is that | 为什么我有这种能力 说这是 |
| 722 | no doubt that at a global level, climate change is our common crisis. | 毫无疑问,在全球一级,气候变化是我们的共同危机。 |
| 723 | And now there is also | 现在还有 |
| 724 | agreement that we need to face the green, we are experiencing the green transition, | 同意我们需要面对绿色, 我们正在经历绿色过渡, |
| 725 | and renewable energy is the only choice we can pick up. | 而可再生能源是我们唯一可以选择的办法。 |
| 726 | And like to, if we give ourselves a | 喜欢,如果我们给自己一个 |
| 727 | fuel, what else we can use? | 燃料,我们还能用什么? |
| 728 | Of course, renewable energy is so great. | 当然,可再生能源是如此之大。 |
| 729 | So this is from international | 所以这是国际的 |
| 730 | level. | 级别。 |
| 731 | But why, if all the country have this kind of awareness, then simply, like, we should all | 但是,为什么,如果全国都有这样的意识, 那么,简单地说,我们都应该 |
| 732 | put all our efforts to come together, but the reality is not so good. | 把我们的一切努力集中起来,但现实并不那么好。 |
| 733 | So why China is still | 所以为什么中国仍然 |
| 734 | there and put more and more efforts is because at a domestic level, China also have its own goal, | 因为在国内,中国也有自己的目标, |
| 735 | like around 2030, China should reach its beautiful China dream, and then reach the | 就像2030年左右,中国应该达到其美丽的中国梦,然后达到 |
| 736 | civilization. | 人类文明 |
| 737 | So China government release serious policy to make sure China can reach this, | 所以中国政府会采取严肃的政策 确保中国能达到这个目标 |
| 738 | reach the goals and through its pathway. | 实现各项目标和途径。 |
| 739 | Then compare with the international opportunity | 然后与国际机会相比 |
| 740 | to address climate change, you can see there is a synergy between the two levels, international | 在应对气候变化方面,你可以看到这两个层面,即国际层面之间存在着协同效应。 |
| 741 | and domestic. | 和国内。 |
| 742 | And this is why China governments realize that all is not because of the international | 这就是为什么中国政府意识到 并不是因为国际 |
| 743 | treasure, I should do. | 宝藏,我应该这样做。 |
| 744 | It's because I have this kind of demands, I should do it. | 因为我有这样的要求,我应该这样做。 |
| 745 | Otherwise, | 否则 |
| 746 | I may lose the chance to lead or at least to participate this round of revolution. | 我可能失去领导或至少参加这轮革命的机会. |
| 747 | So this is, | 这就是, |
| 748 | I think, take it seriously, it's very important. | 我认为,认真对待, 这是非常重要的。 |
| 749 | And this is also why, compared with US, | 这就是为什么,与美国相比, |
| 750 | I think it's kind of a strength of political system. | 我认为这是一种政治制度的力量. |
| 751 | As I observed in Yale, a different country, | 正如我在耶鲁所看到的 一个不同的国家, |
| 752 | different political system has their own strengths, like people, different people, | 不同的政治制度有他们自己的优势, 像人,不同的人, |
| 753 | no one are perfect. | 没有人是完美的。 |
| 754 | Yes, so we have our own strengths, and also we have our weakness, | 是的,所以我们有自己的优势, 也有我们的弱点, |
| 755 | but how to make good use of our strengths is very important. | 但是如何很好地利用我们的优势是非常重要的。 |
| 756 | So on climate change, China is very | 因此,关于气候变化,中国非常 |
| 757 | good at making strengths, like mobilize once the central government really take this policy, | 善于发挥优势,比如一旦中央政府真正采取这一政策,就动员起来, |
| 758 | address climate change as this key policy, strategic policy, then around the whole country, | 将气候变化作为这一关键政策、战略政策,然后在全国各地加以处理, |
| 759 | for the general public, they are easy to hear about it. | 对于大众来说,他们是容易听到的。 |
| 760 | And so the awareness on climate change, | 因此,对气候变化的认识, |
| 761 | I think that for the Chinese people are not low, based on my survey. | 我认为,根据我的调查,对中国人民来说并不低。 |
| 762 | But the problem is, | 但问题是, |
| 763 | although the Chinese government take it seriously, how to help the general public, | 虽然中国政府认真对待,如何帮助大众, |
| 764 | the multistakeholder really understands the importance and how to mobilize the people to | 多方利益有关者真正理解动员人民参与 |
| 765 | take a real action. | 采取真正的行动。 |
| 766 | So this is the point. | 这就是重点。 |
| 767 | And to compare with US, you know, there's an election, | 与美国相比,有一场选举, |
| 768 | and when Trump here, then White House announce, oh, we withdraw from the Paris Agreement. | 而当特朗普在这里, 然后白宫宣布, 哦,我们退出巴黎协议。 |
| 769 | Then when Biden come back, oh, we take the lead on climate change. | 然后,当拜登回来, 哦,我们在气候变化方面领先。 |
| 770 | And then this year, maybe Trump | 然后今年,也许特朗普 |
| 771 | come back again. | 再来一次 |
| 772 | And we have the expectation that US may announce to withdraw again. | 我们期待美国宣布再次撤出。 |
| 773 | But that's fine. | 不过没关系 |
| 774 | That's fine. | 没关系 |
| 775 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 776 | As I said, different country have different problems. | 如我所说,不同国家有不同的问题。 |
| 777 | We should fix that. | 我们应该解决这个问题。 |
| 778 | But the lucky thing is that all the strengths of US policy system is that they have they are really | 但幸运的是,美国政策体系的所有优点 都在于它们真的 |
| 779 | have a democratic system. | 拥有民主制度。 |
| 780 | Even the White House announced to withdraw from the Paris Agreement. | 甚至白宫也宣布退出巴黎协议. |
| 781 | The civil society, the states, cities, universities, they are there. | 民间社会、州、市、大学都在那里。 |
| 782 | I still remember the slogan | 我还记得那个口号 |
| 783 | when Trump announced withdraw from the Paris Agreement. | 当特朗普宣布退出巴黎协议时. |
| 784 | For that cop, all the US people, | 对于那个警察,所有美国人民, |
| 785 | the stakeholders, they participate in that cop. | 他们参与那个警察 |
| 786 | They have a, they create a slogan. | 他们有一个,他们创造了一个口号。 |
| 787 | Remember that. | 记住这一点。 |
| 788 | We are still in. | 我们仍然在。 |
| 789 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 790 | So I will not feel, you know, afraid if Trump come back again. | 所以我不会觉得,你知道, 如果特朗普回来。 |
| 791 | I believe US people are still there, support us. | 我相信美国人民仍然在那里,支持我们。 |
| 792 | And also the message from Emma's remarks | 还有艾玛的话 |
| 793 | is same. | 一样 |
| 794 | Yeah, no matter what kind of like changes in the White House, | 是啊,不管什么样的变化 在白宫, |
| 795 | we still have this kind of US have this kind of stress. | 我们仍然有这种 美国有这种压力。 |
| 796 | So this is from government's perspective. | 这是从政府的角度出发的。 |
| 797 | And the second point is multi stakeholder cooperation is so important, and also for China. | 第二点是多利益攸关方合作非常重要,对中国也是如此。 |
| 798 | And I witnessed the transition, I write it down in my book. | 我亲眼目睹了这一转变,我把它写在书里。 |
| 799 | And in the previous decades, I | 在过去几十年里,我 |
| 800 | witnessed and also participate in China's roles transition on climate. | 见证并参与中国在气候方面的转型。 |
| 801 | And from different | 从不同的 |
| 802 | perspective, different multi stakeholders perspective, like NGO. | 例如非政府组织。 |
| 803 | I still remember in | 我还是记得在 |
| 804 | 2009 when I was in Copenhagen, China government feel very excited. | 2009年我在哥本哈根时,中国政府感到非常兴奋. |
| 805 | Oh, it's the first time they | 哦,这是他们第一次 |
| 806 | send a very big around 100 people a delegation there. | 派一个非常大 约100人在那里代表团。 |
| 807 | And most of them are from different | 他们大多来自不同的地方 |
| 808 | ministries from the sick tank belong to different ministries. | 生病的坦克部属于不同的部。 |
| 809 | And then some local NGOs also there | 然后,一些当地非政府组织也在那里 |
| 810 | some Chinese media. | 一些中国媒体. |
| 811 | And because I was work with media with NGOs, and I know how to | 因为我是和新闻媒体一起工作 与非政府组织,我知道如何 |
| 812 | communicate with the central government. | 与中央政府沟通。 |
| 813 | So I said, well, it's great. | 所以我说,这是伟大的。 |
| 814 | Chinese government can | 中国政府可以 |
| 815 | really like pay such a lot of attention on this kind of global issues. | 真正喜欢对这样的全球问题给予如此的注意。 |
| 816 | And but then, | 但后来, |
| 817 | as I observed, Chinese government really don't know how to cooperate with a stakeholder at that | 正如我所观察到的,中国政府真的不知道如何与利益相关者合作 |
| 818 | moment. | 等会儿 |
| 819 | And the disaster then came, you know, came that the guardians that is China destroys | 灾难来了,你知道,来了, 守护者是中国破坏 |
| 820 | Copenhagen deal. | 哥本哈根交易 |
| 821 | So since then, when I came back, I prepared based on my experience, I prepare like | 因此,从那时起,当我回来, 我根据我的经验准备,我准备 |
| 822 | policy briefings, and also some peers like margin from NGOs, we work together, and to lobby the | 我们一起工作,并游说非政府组织。 |
| 823 | government, hey, if you really want to play a positive role in this kind of global issues, | 政府,嘿,如果你真的想 在这种全球问题上发挥积极作用, |
| 824 | you should open door to civil society and open door to the multi stakeholder. | 请向民间社会敞开大门,向多方利益攸关者敞开大门。 |
| 825 | And I really witness | 我真的见证了 |
| 826 | China change. | 中国之变. |
| 827 | And this kind of lesson not only makes sense in China, of course, | 这种教训不仅在中国有道理,当然 |
| 828 | it's so important to make sense in China, it makes sense around the world. | 在中国讲道理很重要,在全世界讲道理. |
| 829 | And it's also why | 这也是为什么 |
| 830 | global climate change really can, like, run much faster than biodiversity and other global | 全球气候变化的运行速度确实比生物多样性和其他全球气候变化的运行速度快得多。 |
| 831 | crisis agendas. | 危机议程。 |
| 832 | So this is two points. | 所以这是两点。 |
| 833 | Thanks so much for that. | 非常感谢。 |
| 834 | I think we're here at the | 我想我们在这里 |
| 835 | dispel misconceptions and complicate narratives with each other. | 消除误解,使叙事相互复杂化。 |
| 836 | And much more clear is dispel | 更清楚的是 驱散了 |
| 837 | And as you pointed out, we have this narrative in the US | 正如你所指出,我们在美国有这个故事 |
| 838 | that in China, things are easy because it's all top down. | 在中国,事情是容易的,因为它都是上下的。 |
| 839 | And really, each of you in your own way | 真的,你们每个人都用自己的方式 |
| 840 | is really a convener of collaborations | 真正的合作召集人 |
| 841 | of different communities and different stakeholders. | 不同社区和不同利益攸关方。 |
| 842 | So thank you for complicating that narrative. | 谢谢你把叙述弄复杂了 |
| 843 | Let's talk about the perfect segue, the elephant | 让我们来谈谈完美的缝合,大象 |
| 844 | in the room, the US-China relationship and climate's | 在房间里,美中关系和气候 |
| 845 | role in that. | 扮演这个角色。 |
| 846 | And I think there's two ways of reading this. | 我认为有两种方式来读这个。 |
| 847 | One is that I've heard this term of virtuous risk. | 一是,我听说过这个良性风险术语. |
| 848 | You can race to the top. | 你可以比赛到顶端。 |
| 849 | The US and China can compete for delivering | 美国和中国可以竞相提供 |
| 850 | the most climate finance to the global south, | 全球南部气候融资最多, |
| 851 | for reaching breakthrough technologies, | 实现突破性技术, |
| 852 | really being the best on climate. | 真正是气候最好的。 |
| 853 | And the other read is that this issue is really | 而另一个读到的是, 这个问题真的 |
| 854 | at risk of being held hostage to tensions | 有可能成为紧张局势的人质 |
| 855 | in the rest of the relationship. | 在关系的其他部分。 |
| 856 | And I'm curious how you see this, how you read it, | 我很好奇你是如何看待这个,你是如何读到这个的, |
| 857 | and really what the role of climate is in, | 以及气候的作用, |
| 858 | I think, creating a more positive and stable relationship. | 我认为,创造了一种更加积极和稳定的关系。 |
| 859 | So let's try to keep it brief because this | 所以让我们尽量简短 因为这个 |
| 860 | is the last question, and then we'll open it up | 最后一个问题,然后我们打开它 |
| 861 | to questions from the audience. | 给观众提问 |
| 862 | So US and China are the two biggest countries. | 因此,美国和中国是两个最大的国家. |
| 863 | And only if they cooperate with each other and our human | 只有他们彼此合作 和人类合作 |
| 864 | can really address climate change. | 能够真正应对气候变化。 |
| 865 | Otherwise, we will disappear from this planet. | 否则,我们将消失在这个星球上。 |
| 866 | And yeah, it's just, the planet don't need human. | 是的,只是,这个星球不需要人类 |
| 867 | It's human need our earth mother. | 这是人类的需要 我们的地球母亲。 |
| 868 | And so with this kind of precondition, | 因此,有了这种先决条件, |
| 869 | the only way for US and China is to cooperate | 美国和中国的唯一办法就是合作 |
| 870 | but not compete with each other. | 但不互相竞争。 |
| 871 | So but why they compete so much? | 但他们为什么争这么多? |
| 872 | I think this is also the point we highlight so many times | 我想这也是我们多次强调的要点 |
| 873 | also in Emma's remarks, because the mindset, | 在艾玛的言论中, 因为思维方式, |
| 874 | human used to compete with each other. | 人类曾经互相竞争 |
| 875 | And there are so many misunderstandings, | 有很多误会 |
| 876 | especially after the pandemic. | 尤其是在大流行之后 |
| 877 | So people to people connection is so important | 所以人和人的联系很重要 |
| 878 | and helps the two countries understand each other | 帮助两国互相理解 |
| 879 | and to see, find some pathway to cooperate. | 寻找合作的途径 |
| 880 | And considering climate change is so important, | 考虑到气候变化非常重要, |
| 881 | and like, no matter the renewable energy or energy | 和喜欢,无论可再生能源或能源 |
| 882 | if they come together, of course, we can go ahead. | 如果他们一起来,我们当然可以继续 |
| 883 | And so I heard there is a thing that climate change | 所以我听说有件事 气候变化 |
| 884 | is maybe the only one of the fourth | 或许是第四个 |
| 885 | or maybe the last one, last topic between US and China. | 也许是美国和中国之间最后一个话题 |
| 886 | And so this is why so important that I also heard | 所以,这就是为什么如此重要 我听到 |
| 887 | that the new year president is a lady | 新年总统是位女士 |
| 888 | and she's also the expert on climate. | 她也是气候专家 |
| 889 | So I'm so encouraged to hear about that. | 我很高兴听到这个消息。 |
| 890 | And I really think US and China, | 我真的认为美国和中国, |
| 891 | if they can come together and share the leadership | 如果他们能走到一起分享领导 |
| 892 | to like drive this bus for all the people | 喜欢为所有人开车 |
| 893 | to go ahead towards the natural future, | 走向自然的未来, |
| 894 | then we can really achieve it. | 然后我们就能真正实现它。 |
| 895 | And also we can avoid the conflicts, | 我们可以避免冲突 |
| 896 | avoid the wars. | 避免战争。 |
| 897 | And once we change the mindset, | 一旦我们改变心态 |
| 898 | we really can welcome paradigm shift for all humankind. | 我们确实可以欢迎全人类的范式转变。 |
| 899 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 900 | I fully agree with Binbin and also Emma mentioned | 我完全同意彬彬和艾玛说的 |
| 901 | about how the US, China, China, US collaboration | 美国、中国、中国、美国的合作 |
| 902 | have paved the way for the signing of the Paris Agreement | 为签署《巴黎协定》铺平了道路 |
| 903 | and all the following up cops. | 和所有追踪警察。 |
| 904 | Without China, US reaching agreement, | 没有中国,美国达成协议, |
| 905 | it would be much, much challenging | 这将是很多,很多挑战 |
| 906 | to try to agree on anything globally | 试图达成任何全球协议 |
| 907 | because this two put together is 40% of the global GDP | 因为两者加起来占全球GDP的40% |
| 908 | and it's 40% of the emission. | 它的40%的排放。 |
| 909 | So we just simply, there's no escape. | 所以,我们只是简单的, 没有逃脱。 |
| 910 | We have to cooperate as our joint responsibility | 我们必须合作,作为我们的共同责任 |
| 911 | or responsibility of each of us to try to lead | 或我们每一个人的责任 |
| 912 | and save our planet home. | 拯救我们的地球家园 |
| 913 | But on the other hand, today it was very difficult. | 但另一方面,今天却非常困难。 |
| 914 | Binbin mentioned about the election. | 斌彬提到选举. |
| 915 | We're again in a very dynamic cycle | 我们又进入一个非常活跃的循环 |
| 916 | and God forbid that there's no guarantee | 上帝保佑没有保证 |
| 917 | maybe something will go the other way. | 也许有东西会走另一条路 |
| 918 | And so we need to have other tracks. | 所以我们需要有其他的线索。 |
| 919 | And I know recently, China and US are having | 我知道最近中国和美国 |
| 920 | all these discussions on the regional level. | 区域一级的所有讨论。 |
| 921 | California and with Chinese counterpart, | 加州和中国的对口单位 |
| 922 | still very, very active, | 仍然非常非常活跃, |
| 923 | but I hope that could be very helpful | 但我希望这会很有帮助 |
| 924 | and help us to sustain that past four years. | 并且帮助我们维持过去四年。 |
| 925 | And another track is on our trade relationship. | 还有一条路是贸易关系 |
| 926 | And all these years we've been working very closely | 这些年来我们一直很紧密地工作 |
| 927 | with some of the leading American brands and corporations. | 与一些主要的美国品牌和公司。 |
| 928 | At the beginning, maybe they're not quite, | 一开始,也许他们并不完全, |
| 929 | they did not quite have that awareness, | 他们没有这种觉悟, |
| 930 | but later on when they understand | 当他们了解的时候, |
| 931 | that they all turn to work together with NGOs like us | 他们都转而与我们这样的非政府组织合作 |
| 932 | and to try to bring the supply chain. | 并试图带来供应链。 |
| 933 | This idea started when I worked for the, | 这个想法始于我为... |
| 934 | did my research, I worked for the consulting firm | 做我的研究,我在咨询公司工作 |
| 935 | that's more than 20 years ago. | 这是20多年前。 |
| 936 | And at Yale, I still remember, | 在耶鲁,我还记得 |
| 937 | even the conversation I still remember vividly | 连谈话我都记得 |
| 938 | with the professors from the School of Management. | 与管理学院教授. |
| 939 | But at that time, they kind of, | 但当时,他们有点, |
| 940 | the response they gave is look, | 他们的反应是, |
| 941 | the corporations, their main responsibility | 公司,其主要责任 |
| 942 | is to the shareholders and all the others | 是股东和所有其他人 |
| 943 | are not part of that. | 不属于其中。 |
| 944 | And most of them just follow this line of thought. | 他们大多只是遵循这个思路。 |
| 945 | But to me, I witnessed on the ground, | 但对我来说,我目睹了地面上, |
| 946 | this vast externalities, all this, | 这些巨大的外在因素,这一切, |
| 947 | they just buy from the cheapest offer | 他们只是从最便宜的报价购买 |
| 948 | and then allowing all this dumping of the waste | 然后允许倾倒这些废物 |
| 949 | in our backyards, contaminating all this air, water, | 在我们的后院 污染了所有的空气 水 |
| 950 | and soil, exposing local communities | 影响当地社区 |
| 951 | to some great risks and danger. | 对一些巨大的风险和危险。 |
| 952 | And so when we try to engage with them at the beginning, | 所以,当我们试图与他们接触 在一开始, |
| 953 | they said, look, in China, sorry, | 他们说,在中国,对不起 |
| 954 | I don't know who are polluting who are now. | 我不知道谁污染了谁现在。 |
| 955 | So I just buy from the cheapest, | 所以我从最便宜的人那里买东西 |
| 956 | but I told them I have a map | 但我告诉他们我有地图 |
| 957 | which happened to have some of the information there. | 它碰巧有一些信息 在那里。 |
| 958 | And all these years, along with China's progress, | 这些年来,随着中国的进步, |
| 959 | historic progress in environmental enforcement, | 环境执法方面的历史性进展, |
| 960 | monitoring, and transparency, | 监测与透明度, |
| 961 | it allows an NGO like us to track the performance today | 它可以让我们这样的非政府组织 追踪今天的演出 |
| 962 | on 16 million corporations operating in China, | 在中国营业的1 600万家公司, |
| 963 | locate them on the digital map, | 在数字地图上找到他们 |
| 964 | color code them based on their environmental performance, | 颜色根据环境性能来编码它们, |
| 965 | and this has become a unique resource. | 这已经成为一种独特的资源。 |
| 966 | And those major American brands work it, | 而那些主要的美国品牌工作, |
| 967 | integrate that into their sorting standards. | 把它纳入他们的分类标准。 |
| 968 | And those past four years, | 而过去4年, |
| 969 | when US withdraw from Paris agreement, | 美国退出巴黎协议时 |
| 970 | they have made absolutely no change. | 他们绝对没有改变。 |
| 971 | They continue to focus on all these issues, | 他们继续关注所有这些问题, |
| 972 | whoever's not in compliance, | 谁不守规矩, |
| 973 | whoever's not trying to measure, disclose, | 谁不想衡量,公开, |
| 974 | and they will be downgraded, | 他们将被降级, |
| 975 | and they will maybe even lose their contract. | 他们可能甚至会失去合同。 |
| 976 | So this is very helpful. | 所以这很有帮助。 |
| 977 | I have this conversation, | 我有一个谈话, |
| 978 | I have the chance to have a conversation | иΤ诀穦册册 |
| 979 | with Ambassador Burns, | 与伯恩斯大使, |
| 980 | and he's also very, very | 而且他还非常,非常 |
| 981 | kind of agree with that. | 有点同意这一点。 |
| 982 | This is a channel that, | 这是一个频道, |
| 983 | Emma mentioned about the US innovation | 艾玛提到美国的创新 |
| 984 | and China manufacturing. | 和中国制造业。 |
| 985 | Yeah, the US used to place all these orders | 对,美国以前都订这些订单 |
| 986 | on American firms and brands, | 美国公司和品牌, |
| 987 | and then give orders and we manufacturing. | 然后发出命令 然后我们制造 |
| 988 | But today, you know, gradually China also gradually, | 但今天,你知道,中国也逐渐 |
| 989 | you know, gaining all this innovative power as well. | 你知道,获得所有这些创新的力量 也。 |
| 990 | So we are talking about two great powerhouse of innovation. | 因此,我们谈论两个伟大的创新动力。 |
| 991 | You know, on the reason for the whole work, | 你知道,关于整个工作的原因, |
| 992 | you know, it's throughout the whole work | 你知道,这是整个工作 |
| 993 | that the solar panel, wind, | 太阳板,风, |
| 994 | mail, and all this EV can drop, | 邮件,所有这些EV可以下降, |
| 995 | you know, the cost can drop so significantly. | 成本会大幅下降 |
| 996 | Solar and wind drop by nearly 90% | 太阳和风速下降近90% |
| 997 | in slightly more than 10 years of time. | 在10年多的时间里 |
| 998 | It's through the Chinese company's innovative power. | 是通过中国公司的创新力量. |
| 999 | You know, this is not the government, | 你知道,这不是政府, |
| 1000 | massive government spending. | 大量政府开支。 |
| 1001 | It's the entrepreneurship, you know, | 这是创业,你知道, |
| 1002 | the free market which give them the chance | 给他们机会的自由市场 |
| 1003 | to really prosper. | 真正的繁荣。 |
| 1004 | So I really think that all these are quite important. | 所以我真的认为所有这些都是非常重要的。 |
| 1005 | Last point is about people to people. | 最后一点是人对人。 |
| 1006 | People to people. | 人对人. |
| 1007 | You know, there are all these walls coming, | 你知道,这些墙都来了, |
| 1008 | you know, cropping up and try to divide us. | 你知道,冒着生命危险 试图分裂我们 |
| 1009 | But when we engage, when we talk to each other, | 但当我们接触, 当我们彼此交谈, |
| 1010 | then we realize, you know, it's not, you know, | 然后我们意识到,你知道, 这不是,你知道, |
| 1011 | we're more similar than different at people to people. | 我们比人和人更相似 |
| 1012 | And the very good, great model is our special envoy | 优秀的模特儿就是我们的特使 |
| 1013 | and your special envoy, the two, you know, | 和你的特使, 两人,你知道, |
| 1014 | Minister Xie and John Kerry. | 谢部长与约翰·克里. |
| 1015 | I think they are the great models that they can, | 我认为他们是伟大的模型 他们可以, |
| 1016 | through all this difficult time, | 在这困难的时刻 |
| 1017 | they can still talk to each other | 他们还可以互相交谈 |
| 1018 | in a way that is so earnest. | 以如此认真的方式。 |
| 1019 | And because two, eventually are all passionate about this. | 因为二,最终都充满激情。 |
| 1020 | Now today is the children's day. | 今天是儿童节 |
| 1021 | They care about the children. | 他们关心孩子 |
| 1022 | You know, they care, they want to leave a better world | 你知道,他们关心, 他们想离开一个更美好的世界 |
| 1023 | to the future generations. | 给后代。 |
| 1024 | So I can sense that. | 所以我能感觉到这一点。 |
| 1025 | I think if we can all go back to the more fundamental | 我想如果我们都能回到更根本的 |
| 1026 | things like on that, that there's a still chance | 事情是这样的,还有一个机会 |
| 1027 | for us to collaborate. | 让我们合作 |
| 1028 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 1029 | Just want to add on this point | 只想再加一点 |
| 1030 | in terms of the collaborations and fundamentals. | 在协作和基本方面。 |
| 1031 | I think climate change is a long-term issue | 我认为气候变化是一个长期问题 |
| 1032 | that all the people on this planet has to solve. | 这个星球上所有的人必须解决 |
| 1033 | And what has been sitting in between China and US | 而中国和美国之间 |
| 1034 | is probably, you know, from an environmentalist perspective, | 也许是,你知道, 从环保的观点, |
| 1035 | kind of short term, like five to 10 years | 短期的,5到10年 |
| 1036 | or even 20 years of economic battle. | 甚至是20年的经济战 |
| 1037 | Because of cost of solar, cost of renewables, | 因为太阳能成本,可再生能源成本, |
| 1038 | and also, for example, industries like EV manufacturing | 例如,EV制造等行业 |
| 1039 | or auto manufacturing that might be losing battles | 或汽车制造 可能输掉战斗 |
| 1040 | in those fields. | 在那些领域。 |
| 1041 | But basically, let's go back to the economic perspective | 但基本上,让我们回到经济角度 |
| 1042 | of how to be more effective in achieving things, | 如何更有效地实现目标, |
| 1043 | which is competitive advantage. | 这是竞争优势。 |
| 1044 | If China is already having this competitive advantage | 如果中国已经拥有这种竞争优势 |
| 1045 | in producing and providing those effective | 在产生和提供有效 |
| 1046 | and low-cost supplies for people's use, | 和供人们使用的廉价用品, |
| 1047 | especially for mass applications, | 特别是用于大规模应用, |
| 1048 | not only in the domestic market and in the global market, | 不仅在国内市场和全球市场, |
| 1049 | in the longer term, the best way and the quickest way | 从长远来看,最好的方式和最快的方式 |
| 1050 | to achieve that target of being decarbonization | 实现去碳化的目标 |
| 1051 | or, say, higher penetration of either renewables or EVs | 或,例如,可再生能源或EV的渗透率较高 |
| 1052 | or all those new energy technologies | 或所有这些新的能源技术 |
| 1053 | probably just to leverage whatever has the cost effectiveness | 也许只是为了利用任何有成本效益的东西 |
| 1054 | or the competitive advantage. | 或竞争优势。 |
| 1055 | And not to mention that for China, | 更别提中国了 |
| 1056 | I think we do have a domestic market | 我想我们确实有国内市场 |
| 1057 | which is massive enough to accept the supply. | 它足够大 接受供应。 |
| 1058 | And also, as June mentioned, | 而且,正如六月提到, |
| 1059 | the market is very open and very competitive. | 市场非常开放,竞争非常激烈。 |
| 1060 | It's not really supported that much by the Chinese policies. | 这并没有真正得到中国政策的支持. |
| 1061 | We can see leading Chinese EV players, | 我们可以看到领先的中国EV球员, |
| 1062 | they're all domestic and the major market is in China | 它们都是国内的,主要市场在中国 |
| 1063 | and they're in huge price wars at this moment | 此时此刻,他们陷入了巨大的价格战争 |
| 1064 | targeting just the domestic market. | 目标只是国内市场。 |
| 1065 | So the Chinese local people has been educated | 所以中国当地人都受过教育 |
| 1066 | and been cultivated into a habitat | 被培养成栖息地 |
| 1067 | or, say, a sense where they would choose EV. | 或者说,一种他们选择EV的感觉。 |
| 1068 | Even myself, I just actually put down my order | 就连我自己,我还是点了菜 |
| 1069 | for a new car last month. | 上个月买了辆新车 |
| 1070 | So everybody is accepting the fact that EV is good, | 所以大家都接受EV很好的事实 |
| 1071 | is of better quality maybe compared to an ICE car | 和ICE车相比质量更好 |
| 1072 | and we don't have all those range anxieties anymore. | 我们不再有这些 范围焦虑。 |
| 1073 | So that is really bottom-up demand, | 所以这是真正的自下而上的需求, |
| 1074 | driving the industry to grow | 推动产业发展 |
| 1075 | and driving the policies to change. | 并促使政策有所改变。 |
| 1076 | And if we ignore the short-term impact on, | 如果我们忽略了短期的影响 |
| 1077 | for example, economic economies and all that, | 例如,经济经济等, |
| 1078 | maybe short-term, five to 10 years of impact | 可能短期,5至10年的影响 |
| 1079 | on specific industries, | 关于具体行业, |
| 1080 | if we just look at longer term, 50 years, 100 years | 如果我们只看长远,50年,100年 |
| 1081 | of really climate change issues globally, | 真正全球气候变化问题, |
| 1082 | then the way to go is really to collaborate | 接下来的路就是合作 |
| 1083 | and especially utilize whatever we have at hand at most, | 特别是利用我们掌握的一切 |
| 1084 | which is the best that we can offer | 这是最好的,我们可以提供 |
| 1085 | from different countries. | 来自不同国家。 |
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