耶鲁本科学院院长2022开学演讲：论交流
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:10 | President Salovey, colleagues, students, families, and friends, good morning. | 总统萨洛维,同事,学生,家人,朋友,早安. |
| 0:17 | Students from the Class of 2026, transfer students and Eli Whitney students and visiting | 2026年班级的学生,转校学生和Eli Whitney学生以及访问者 |
| 0:22 | international students, welcome to Yale. | 国际学生 欢迎来到耶鲁大学 |
| 0:34 | And family members and friends, in my role as Dean of Yale College, I extend my warm | 我以耶鲁学院院长的身份 热情地 |
| 0:38 | welcome to you as well, along with gratitude for everything you've done in supporting | 也欢迎你 感谢您所做的一切 |
| 0:44 | and guiding these young adults. | 并引导这些年轻的成年人。 |
| 0:47 | The opening assembly is one of my favorite formal events of the academic year because | 开学大会是我学年最喜欢的正式活动之一 因为 |
| 0:52 | it introduces us to each other, just as you, our new students, have begun introducing yourselves | 就像你们这些新生开始自我介绍一样 |
| 0:58 | to your classmates. | 敬同学们 |
| 1:00 | And I also think of it less formally as the beginning of a conversation with your peers | 我也不太正式地认为这是和你的同伴谈话的开始 |
展开字幕全文（168 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | President Salovey, colleagues, students, families, and friends, good morning. | 总统萨洛维,同事,学生,家人,朋友,早安. |
| 2 | Students from the Class of 2026, transfer students and Eli Whitney students and visiting | 2026年班级的学生,转校学生和Eli Whitney学生以及访问者 |
| 3 | international students, welcome to Yale. | 国际学生 欢迎来到耶鲁大学 |
| 4 | And family members and friends, in my role as Dean of Yale College, I extend my warm | 我以耶鲁学院院长的身份 热情地 |
| 5 | welcome to you as well, along with gratitude for everything you've done in supporting | 也欢迎你 感谢您所做的一切 |
| 6 | and guiding these young adults. | 并引导这些年轻的成年人。 |
| 7 | The opening assembly is one of my favorite formal events of the academic year because | 开学大会是我学年最喜欢的正式活动之一 因为 |
| 8 | it introduces us to each other, just as you, our new students, have begun introducing yourselves | 就像你们这些新生开始自我介绍一样 |
| 9 | to your classmates. | 敬同学们 |
| 10 | And I also think of it less formally as the beginning of a conversation with your peers | 我也不太正式地认为这是和你的同伴谈话的开始 |
| 11 | and instructors that will go on for many years to come. | 以及将持续多年的老师 |
| 12 | You will find great fellowship here, and also you will find the great pleasure of learning. | 你会在这里找到伟大的奖学金 也会发现学习的乐趣 |
| 13 | At the beginning of his Analects, the Chinese philosopher Confucius provides words that | 中国哲学家孔子在"分析论"的开头,提供了一些文字: |
| 14 | are as relevant today as they were 2,500 years ago. | 和2500年前一样重要 |
| 15 | Here he is, as though addressing you now. | 他来了,好像在跟你说话 |
| 16 | Is it not a pleasure to learn and, when it is timely, to practice what you have learned? | 学而不乐,当其时,实践所学之学,岂不乐乎? |
| 17 | Is it not a joy to have friends come from afar? | 朋友远道而来,岂不欢喜乎? |
| 18 | And I'm delighted to welcome you, our new students, who come from near or far to experience | 我很高兴欢迎你,我们的新学生, 他们从近或远处来体验 |
| 19 | the pleasure of learning together. | 一起学习的乐趣。 |
| 20 | Yale professor Anping Qin emphasizes that the purpose of learning for Confucius consisted | 耶鲁教授安平秦强调,为孔子学习的目的包括: |
| 21 | in the opportunity to develop our moral and aesthetic sensibilities, to fulfill our humanity, | 藉此机会发展我们的道德和审美意识 实现人类 |
| 22 | and to do so with humility. | 并谦卑地这样做。 |
| 23 | In a parallel with Socrates, who lived about a century later, we know most of what Confucius | 与大约一个世纪后的苏格拉底平行 我们了解大部分孔子 |
| 24 | taught through conversations that he had and accounts of his disciples. | 他通过对话来教导他的门徒 |
| 25 | In fact, his book, The Analects, is known in Chinese as lunyu, which means conversations | 事实上,他的书"Analects"在中文中被称为lunyu,意思是对话 |
| 26 | or dialogues. | 或对话框。 |
| 27 | And like these ancient thinkers, the community that you are now joining is one that learns | 和这些古老的思想家一样,你现在加入的社区 就是学会 |
| 28 | through dialogue. | 通过对话。 |
| 29 | Thoughtful conversation can allow each of us to develop our own sensibilities and to | 深思熟虑的谈话可以让我们每个人都发展自己的敏感性 |
| 30 | fulfill our humanity. | 实现我们的人性。 |
| 31 | The Yale College community has a long history shaped by the many generations of students | 耶鲁学院社区的历史悠久 由许多代学生塑造 |
| 32 | who have come before you, and this week more than 1,500 of you have come to New Haven from | 在你们之前的一千五百多人 来到纽黑文 |
| 33 | all over the world. | 遍满世界. |
| 34 | No single racial or ethnic group makes up a majority in this very diverse student body. | 在这个非常多样化的学生团体中,没有任何一个种族或族裔群体占多数。 |
| 35 | Almost a fifth of you will be in the first generation in your families to graduate from | 你们中将近五分之一的人 将在第一代家庭毕业 |
| 36 | a four-year college. | 一个四年制的大学。 |
| 37 | Approximately a fifth of you have received Pell Grants for lower-income students. | 大约五分之一的学员获得了Pell助学金。 |
| 38 | 128 applied through the QuestBridge program, 47 were admitted through the Transfer and | 通过QuestBridge方案申请的128份申请中,47份通过转让申请获准入境。 |
| 39 | Eli Whitney students program, 13 of you are U.S. military veterans, and 21 of you began | Eli Whitney的学生计划 你们13人是美国军人 21人开始了 |
| 40 | your college education at a community college. | 您的大学教育 在社区学院。 |
| 41 | Hear, hear. | 听着,听着。 |
| 42 | And together you represent 51 states and territories of the United States and more than 50 countries. | 你们共同代表了51个美国州和领土以及50多个国家。 |
| 43 | Amidst this great diversity you also share much in common. | 在这种巨大的多样性中,你也有共同之处。 |
| 44 | You are promising students with wide horizons and an excitement about learning. | 你们是很有前途的学生,有着广阔的视野,对学习很兴奋。 |
| 45 | Now when you hear me talk about horizons, I should say that when I wrote the speech | 现在,当你听到我谈论地平线, 我应该说 当我写演讲 |
| 46 | I was expecting good weather, so I'm hoping that the horizon will hold for at least a | 所以我希望地平线至少能保持 |
| 47 | little bit longer. | 再长一点 |
| 48 | Together you've come to Yale to pursue a broad liberal education, and you will find | 你们一起来到耶鲁 接受广泛的自由教育 你会发现 |
| 49 | one here in both formal and informal settings. | 这里有一个在正式和非正式场合。 |
| 50 | Here we stand in front of Sterling Memorial Library, the heart of campus, which holds | 在这里,我们站在Sterling纪念图书馆的前面, 校园的核心, |
| 51 | over two million books in all fields of knowledge. | 超过200万本书 在所有的知识领域。 |
| 52 | And I will say to you all undergraduates that while underneath you is the cross-campus library, | 我会告诉你们所有本科生 当你下面是跨营地图书馆时 |
| 53 | which is a great place to study, do go up into the stacks of Sterling even if you're | 这是个好学习的地方, 上到斯特林的堆里去,即使你 |
| 54 | knowledge that is out there and that you might someday explore, recognizing that in your | 你可能有一天会去探索的知识, 承认在你的 |
| 55 | whole lifetime you won't make it through all two million books. | 一辈子你都写不完两百万本书 |
| 56 | But you'll learn in the classrooms and the discussion sections that start next week. | 但你会在下星期开始的教室和讨论部分学习. |
| 57 | You'll learn in the libraries and the galleries and the laboratories where you will broaden | 你会在图书馆、美术馆和实验室学习 在那里你将扩大 |
| 58 | and test what you've learned, and in the desk or the carrel that you may reserve for solitary | 并测试你学到的东西, 在桌子上 或卡雷尔,你可以保留 单独 |
| 59 | study. | 学习。 |
| 60 | And you'll experience the less formal part of your education when you talk with people | 当你与人交谈时 你会经历你教育中不太正式的部分 |
| 61 | in the student groups that you join, with your instructors during their office hours | 在你参加的学生团体, 与你的导师在办公时间 |
| 62 | or with the stranger or new friend sitting beside you at the long table in your residential | 或与陌生人或新朋友坐在你身边 在你的住所的长桌 |
| 63 | college dining hall. | 大学餐厅。 |
| 64 | Yale's traditions and communities form their own civil society that exists in parallel | 耶鲁的传统和社区组成了平行存在的民间社会 |
| 65 | with the formal curriculum taught by the professors. | 教授们教授的正式课程。 |
| 66 | Of course you're here to pursue the formal study, but I also encourage you to explore | 你当然是来正式研究的 但我也鼓励你探索 |
| 67 | various ways to learn outside the classroom or the library. | 在课堂或图书馆外学习的各种方式。 |
| 68 | This is a campus designed often intentionally and sometimes just by happy accident for conversation. | 这是一个校园 设计常常是故意的, 有时只是 快乐的意外谈话。 |
| 69 | Together the books and the classrooms and the more informal lessons that you'll learn | 书本和教室 以及你学到的更非正式的课 |
| 70 | from each other, all of these form part of a single broader conversation, the conversation | 从彼此之间,所有这些构成一个更广泛的谈话的一部分, 对话 |
| 71 | of a scholarly community that defines the pursuit of knowledge in a great university. | 一个学术团体,它定义了在一所伟大的大学中追求知识。 |
| 72 | Now you come here knowing the state of public discourse in our polarized society. | 现在你来到这里,知道我们两极分化的社会 公共言论的状况。 |
| 73 | You know already that at times it simply reaffirms our existing beliefs, at other times it devolves | 你知道,有时它只是重申 我们现有的信仰, 有时它会转移 |
| 74 | into partisanship or even violence. | 加入党派甚至暴力 |
| 75 | Universities are not immune to dogma, but they do aspire to a higher type of conversation. | 大学不能不受教条的影响,但是它们确实渴望更高的对话类型。 |
| 76 | As you join or start your own conversations in the semesters ahead, think about how you | 当你加入或开始自己的对话 在未来的学期,思考如何 |
| 77 | can expand your horizons. | 可以扩展你的视野。 |
| 78 | One of the distinctive things about human experience is that each of us is born in a | 关于人类经验的一个独特之处是,我们每个人都出生在... |
| 79 | particular body at a particular time and place, and therefore we see the world from a given | 因此我们从一个特定的时间和地点看到世界 |
| 80 | perspective. | 视角。 |
| 81 | But we also have the chance to expand our worldview as we grow and learn and travel. | 但我们也有机会在我们成长、学习和旅行时扩大我们的世界观。 |
| 82 | The poet Tennyson has a beautiful image of this kind of learning in his poem Ulysses. | 诗人滕尼森在他的诗"尤利西斯"中有着这种学习的美丽形象. |
| 83 | He writes, I am a part of all that I have met, yet all experience is an arch where through | 他写道,我是我所见过的一切的一部分, 但所有的经验都是一个拱门,在那里通过 |
| 84 | gleams that untraveled world whose margin fades forever and forever when I move. | 闪闪发光的无行踪世界 在我移动时 其边际将永远消失 |
| 85 | There's always something to learn just over the horizon. | 总是有东西要学 就在地平线上。 |
| 86 | Whether you've traveled a long way to get here or whether you've lived all your life | 无论你远道而来 还是你一辈子都活着 |
| 87 | in New Haven, you may feel that sense of an expanding horizon as you meet new friends | 在纽黑文,你可能会感觉到 一种不断扩大的视野的感觉 当你遇到新的朋友 |
| 88 | and explore new intellectual territory. | 探索新的知识领域。 |
| 89 | I've spent almost half my life at Yale, so I see the world from a very particular vantage | 我在耶鲁度过了近半生 所以我从一个非常特别的优势看到这个世界 |
| 90 | point, but I've also spent a lot of time thinking about how education allows us to transcend | 但我也花了很多时间思考 教育如何让我们超越 |
| 91 | the limits of our horizons. | 地平线的极限 |
| 92 | In his book Truth and Method, an important book about historical interpretation, the | 在他的书"真理与方法"中, 一本关于历史解释的重要著作, |
| 93 | German philosopher Hans Georg Gadamer wrote that the horizon is the range of vision that | 德国哲学家汉斯·格奥尔格·加达默(Hans Georg Gadamer)写道,地平线是视野的范围, |
| 94 | includes everything that can be seen from a particular vantage point. | 包括从特定角度可以看到的一切。 |
| 95 | And he argued that understanding involves what he called a fusion of horizons in which | 他辩称,理解涉及他所说的地平线的融合,其中 |
| 96 | we become more thoughtful about how our own assumptions and the way we see things correspond | 我们更深思熟虑 我们自己的假设和我们看待事物的方式 |
| 97 | to and relate to someone else's vantage point. | 和别人的优势有关 |
| 98 | For Gadamer, interpreting an ancient text or having a conversation or dialogue with | 对于Gadamer, 解释古老的文本或与 |
| 99 | another person involves opening ourselves up to reassessing our own assumptions. | 另一人需要开放 来重新评估我们自己的假设。 |
| 100 | Now he focuses on interpersonal and humanistic knowledge, but a similar process is at work | 现在他专注于人际和人文方面的知识,但类似的过程正在运行中 |
| 101 | in testing scientific hypotheses. | 在测试科学假设。 |
| 102 | In fact, the work of understanding and even just the work of living in this world involves | 事实上,理解的工作,甚至是生活在这个世界上的工作,都涉及 |
| 103 | a constant mental journey through time and space that develops our views and changes | 一个穿越时间和空间的不断的精神旅程 发展我们的观点和变化 |
| 104 | our horizons, a journey like the one that Ulysses made, what the Greeks call an Odyssey. | 我们的地平线 像尤利西斯做的一样的旅程 希腊人称之为奥德赛 |
| 105 | It involves an ongoing metaphorical conversation where we question our own assumptions and | 它涉及到一个持续的隐喻性对话,其中我们质疑我们自己的假设和 |
| 106 | prejudices through our encounters with other people. | 通过我们与其他人的相遇而形成的偏见。 |
| 107 | Ideally, if we're open to growing, we can talk to people whose standpoints differ from | 理想的是,如果我们对成长持开放态度, 我们可以和那些观点不同的人交谈 |
| 108 | our own and we can learn from those conversations. | 我们能从这些对话中吸取教训。 |
| 109 | A crucial, in fact, even a defining prerequisite of learning, especially at the university | 一个关键,事实上,甚至一个决定性的学习先决条件,特别是在大学 |
| 110 | level, is the willingness to open ourselves to views and ideas and even ways of life that | 层面,是愿意开放我们的观点和想法,甚至生活方式 |
| 111 | our assumptions, either so that we can learn to defend our assumptions and understand them | 我们的假设,要么我们学习 捍卫和理解我们的假设 |
| 112 | or in some cases to change and to reassess those assumptions. | 或者在某些情况下改变并重新评估这些假设。 |
| 113 | This doesn't mean that you need to accept every idea that your professors or fellow | 这并不意味着你需要接受 每一个想法 你的教授或同事 |
| 114 | students propose to you, but in the years ahead, your job will be to consider the new | 学生们向你们提议 但是在未来的几年里 你们的工作是考虑新的 |
| 115 | ideas you encounter with an open mind, to weigh new perspectives and arguments, and | 思考你所遇到 开放的心态, 权衡新的观点和争论, |
| 116 | to arrive at your own views about matters of great importance for yourselves and for | 就对你们自己和对你们非常重要的事项达成自己的看法。 |
| 117 | your futures. | 你的未来。 |
| 118 | Matters such as the nature of justice, the understanding of the natural world, the meaning | 诸如正义的性质,对自然世界的理解,意义等事项. |
| 119 | of art, the purposes of life. | 艺术,生活的目的。 |
| 120 | You will explore these questions not only in your classes, but also over meals in your | 你将不仅在课堂上探索这些问题,而且在你的餐食中探索这些问题。 |
| 121 | dining halls, on the athletic fields, in your campus jobs, in your student organizations | 餐厅、体育场、校园、学生组织 |
| 122 | as volunteers serving the community, or in any of the many pursuits open to you as a | 作为志愿者为社区服务, 或者在很多追求中 作为你的一个 |
| 123 | student. | 学生。 |
| 124 | One of the greatest opportunities to learn at Yale comes from the peer effect. | 在耶鲁学习的最大机会之一来自同龄人的效果. |
| 125 | That's the chance to interact with talented people your own age. | 这是与你这个年纪的有才华的人互动的机会. |
| 126 | The Nigerian novelist Chimamanda Adichie, who also happens to have received her master's | 尼日利亚小说家奇马曼达·阿迪奇(Chimamanda Adichie)也碰巧获得了她的主人公奖 |
| 127 | degree at Yale, offers a similar vision to Gadamer's when she discusses learning about | 在耶鲁大学的学位,提供与Gadamer相似的视野,当她讨论学习 |
| 128 | other people's experiences, especially in the context of living in a college community. | 其他人的经验,特别是在大学社区生活方面。 |
| 129 | So Gadamer focuses on understanding different horizons through time and history, Adichie | 因此,加达默专注于理解不同的视野 通过时间和历史,阿迪奇 |
| 130 | emphasizes listening to different stories through space and geography. | 强调通过空间和地理倾听不同的故事。 |
| 131 | In her speech on the danger of a single story, she tells of arriving at the age of 19 at | 在她关于一个单一故事的危险的演讲中,她讲述了19岁时到达美国 |
| 132 | another fine American university, I won't mention the name of the other university, | 另一所精美的美国大学 我不会提到另一所大学的名字 |
| 133 | where her roommate knew nothing about Nigeria and made certain stereotypical assumptions | 她的室友对尼日利亚一无所知 并做了一些陈规定型的假设 |
| 134 | about Adichie's homeland and way of life. | 关于阿迪奇的故乡和生活方式 |
| 135 | So at first Adichie was annoyed at her roommate's lack of understanding, but after spending | 一开始Adichie对室友缺乏理解很生气 但是在花了很多钱之后 |
| 136 | some time in the United States and thinking about her own limited knowledge of rural parts | 在美国的某个时候 想想她自己对农村的有限了解 |
| 137 | of Nigeria that she had never visited, Adichie came to realize that her roommate's assumptions | Adichie意识到她的室友的假设 |
| 138 | were due to her limited exposure to more accurate stories about Africa. | 因为她很少接触更准确的非洲故事 |
| 139 | Adichie goes on to tell both positive and negative stories of her childhood and then | Adichie继续讲述她童年的正面和负面故事,然后 |
| 140 | she says, all of these stories make me who I am, but to insist only on these negative | 她说,所有这些故事 让我是谁, 但只坚持这些负面 |
| 141 | stories is to flatten my experience and to overlook the many other stories that formed | 故事是淡化我的经验 忽略许多其他的故事 |
| 142 | me. | 来啊 |
| 143 | The single story creates stereotypes and the problem with stereotypes is not that they | 单一的故事制造了陈规旧习 陈规旧习的问题不是 |
| 144 | are untrue, but that they are incomplete. | 这些都是不真实的,但它们是不完整的。 |
| 145 | They make one story become the only story. | 他们把一个故事变成唯一的故事 |
| 146 | Adichie concludes that it is impossible to engage properly with a place or a person without | Adichie的结论是,没有地方或个人,就不可能有适当的接触。 |
| 147 | engaging with all of the stories of that place and that person. | 与那个地方和那个人的所有故事有关 |
| 148 | It is all too easy to make assumptions about others that we meet or to take offense at | 对其他人的假设 我们相遇或冒犯太容易了 |
| 149 | assumptions that others make about us, but our goal is to engage in dialogue so that | 我们的目标是进行对话,以便 |
| 150 | we can overcome initial misunderstandings and learn from one another. | 我们可以克服最初的误解,相互学习。 |
| 151 | As you settle into your residential colleges and begin your classes, I invite you to participate | 在你进入寄宿学校开始上课时 我邀请你参加 |
| 152 | in a dialogue. | 在对话中。 |
| 153 | Like Confucius, enjoy the pleasure of learning. | 与孔子一样,享受学习的乐趣. |
| 154 | Like Ulysses, seek out new worlds. | 像尤利西斯一样,寻找新的世界. |
| 155 | Like Gadamer, strive to expand your horizon of expectations. | 像Gadamer一样 努力扩大你的期望范围 |
| 156 | Like Adichie, explore the complexity of other people's stories, share your own stories, | 像Adichie一样 探索别人故事的复杂性 分享你自己的故事 |
| 157 | and create new stories together. | 一起创造新的故事 |
| 158 | You may find the most interesting conversations in seminars or lab meetings, or you may find | 你可能会在研讨会或实验室会议上找到最有趣的谈话, 或者你可能会发现 |
| 159 | them in your extracurricular activities or late at night in the college buttery. | 在你的课外活动 或深夜在大学黄油。 |
| 160 | You will find those conversations where you seek them. | 你会发现那些对话 你寻找它们。 |
| 161 | In order for them to succeed, I ask you to open yourselves to learning from each other. | 为了让他们成功,我请你们开放彼此学习。 |
| 162 | Enter into conversation in a spirit of generosity. | 以慷慨之心进入对话. |
| 163 | Assume good intentions. | 假设好意 |
| 164 | Value complexity and nuance over self-assurance and stereotype. | 价值的复杂性和细微性高于自我保障和定型观念。 |
| 165 | These conversations are an integral part of your Yale education. | 这些对话是你们耶鲁教育的一个组成部分。 |
| 166 | The lessons they teach you will show you how to develop as human beings and they will show | 他们教你的教训 将教你如何作为人类发展 他们将展示 |
| 167 | you how to shape the conversations that shape our society. | 如何塑造我们社会的对话 |
| 168 | Thank you and welcome to Yale. | 谢谢你,欢迎来到耶鲁大学。 |
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