耶鲁大学校长2022毕业典礼演讲：论思想上的谦逊
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:25 | Graduates of the class of 2022, family members, friends and colleagues, before I get started, | 2022年班的毕业生,家庭成员,朋友和同事, 在我开始之前, |
| 0:37 | I want to mention that this is the last baccalaureate, at least in his present role, for your Dean, | 我想说的是,这是最后一个 学士学位,至少在他的现在的角色, 对于你的院长, |
| 0:48 | Marvin Chun, before he returns to the faculty, and I'm wondering if we could all show him | 马文春,他回来之前 我想知道我们能不能给他看看 |
| 0:55 | just a little bit of gratitude for his service these last five years. | 只是有点感谢 他这五年的服务。 |
| 1:19 | He's not going far away. | 他不会走远的 |
| 1:22 | So it is a special pleasure to be here with you today, a day made doubly meaningful by | 因此,今天与你在一起特别高兴, 一天使双倍有意义的 |
| 1:31 | our ability to celebrate our graduates in person, and I'm delighted to welcome you to | 我们当面庆祝毕业生的能力 我很高兴欢迎你 |
| 1:37 | Yale's first on-campus baccalaureate ceremony since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. | 耶鲁大学自COVID-19大流行开始以来,首次举行校园毕业典礼. |
| 1:50 | And after a three-year hiatus, there is a wonderful Yale tradition that I would like | 过了三年的休止期, 有一个美妙的耶鲁传统,我想 |
| 1:56 | to reinstitute. | 重新组建。 |
展开字幕全文（147 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Graduates of the class of 2022, family members, friends and colleagues, before I get started, | 2022年班的毕业生,家庭成员,朋友和同事, 在我开始之前, |
| 2 | I want to mention that this is the last baccalaureate, at least in his present role, for your Dean, | 我想说的是,这是最后一个 学士学位,至少在他的现在的角色, 对于你的院长, |
| 3 | Marvin Chun, before he returns to the faculty, and I'm wondering if we could all show him | 马文春,他回来之前 我想知道我们能不能给他看看 |
| 4 | just a little bit of gratitude for his service these last five years. | 只是有点感谢 他这五年的服务。 |
| 5 | He's not going far away. | 他不会走远的 |
| 6 | So it is a special pleasure to be here with you today, a day made doubly meaningful by | 因此,今天与你在一起特别高兴, 一天使双倍有意义的 |
| 7 | our ability to celebrate our graduates in person, and I'm delighted to welcome you to | 我们当面庆祝毕业生的能力 我很高兴欢迎你 |
| 8 | Yale's first on-campus baccalaureate ceremony since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. | 耶鲁大学自COVID-19大流行开始以来,首次举行校园毕业典礼. |
| 9 | And after a three-year hiatus, there is a wonderful Yale tradition that I would like | 过了三年的休止期, 有一个美妙的耶鲁传统,我想 |
| 10 | to reinstitute. | 重新组建。 |
| 11 | May I ask all the families and friends here today to rise and recognize the outstanding | 请允许我请今天在座的各位亲友们起立,表彰杰出的 |
| 12 | and graduating members of the class of 2022. | 以及2022年班级毕业成员. |
| 13 | Thank you, and now may I ask the class of 2022 to consider all those who have supported | 谢谢 现在请允许我请2022年的班级 考虑所有支持过的人 |
| 14 | your arrival at this milestone and to please rise and recognize them. | 你来到这个里程碑 请起立认清他们 |
| 15 | Our excitement today is tempered by global turbulence. | 我们今天的兴奋因全球动荡而减弱。 |
| 16 | We can see the perils of conflict and crisis around the world, and yet, as I look out onto | 我们可以看到世界各地冲突和危机的危险,然而,当我展望 |
| 17 | this courtyard, I can also see the promise of those well prepared to better our collective | 这个庭院里,我也能看见那些 做好了更好准备的人的诺言 |
| 18 | future. | 未来 |
| 19 | Old campuses filled anew with the boundless potential of graduates who offer cause for | 旧校区充满了毕业生的无限潜力,他们为学校提供各种理由。 |
| 20 | hope. | 愿见. |
| 21 | Throughout the country on this weekend and those weekends surrounding it, presidents | 总统们,这个周末和那些周圍的周末,遍及全国 |
| 22 | and universities are inspiring their graduating seniors by telling them that they have received | 大学正在激励他们 毕业的老年人,告诉他们 他们已经得到了 |
| 23 | the very best education possible, and that as educated adults, they are now ready to | 以及作为受过教育的成年人,他们现在已准备好 |
| 24 | go out and make the world a better place. | 出去让世界变得更美好 |
| 25 | This is, of course, true in many respects. | 当然,在许多方面都是如此。 |
| 26 | And I've certainly spoken on other commencement weekends of the importance of improving the | 我当然在其它开始的周末 谈到改善 |
| 27 | world for this and future generations. | 为今世后代创造世界。 |
| 28 | But I would like you, graduating seniors from Yale College, to depart from this place with | 但我希望你,从耶鲁大学毕业的 高年级学生,离开这个地方 |
| 29 | a somewhat different mindset. | 一个有点不一样的心态。 |
| 30 | I'm going to urge you to recognize that your excellent education allows you to listen to | 我要敦促你承认 你的优秀教育让你可以听 |
| 31 | others carefully, consider what they have to say, and sometimes come to a new point | 其他人,仔细考虑他们要说的话,有时会出现新的观点 |
| 32 | of view. | 风景。 |
| 33 | I'm suggesting today, a day filled with the pride of accomplishment, to recognize at the | 我建议今天 充满成就自豪感的一天 来承认 |
| 34 | same time the value of intellectual humility. | 同时也是智慧谦卑的价值 |
| 35 | Today I wish to focus on the courage to acknowledge all we do not know, to admit when we are wrong, | 今天我想集中谈谈勇气,承认我们所不知道的一切,承认我们错了, |
| 36 | and to change our minds. | 并改变我们的想法。 |
| 37 | Sixty years ago, President John F. Kennedy spoke to a capacity audience seated right | 六十年前,约翰·肯尼迪总统对坐在右边的观众讲话 |
| 38 | where you are now. | 你现在在哪? |
| 39 | He saw a similar state of unrest as the specter of war loomed, and I suspect he gained a similar | 他看到了类似动乱的状态 随着战争的隐蔽 即将到来,我怀疑他得到了类似的 |
| 40 | sense of optimism atop this platform from members of the class of 1962. | 1962年班级成员对这一纲领表示乐观感。 |
| 41 | President Kennedy's historic commencement address at Yale was sweeping in its rhetoric | 肯尼迪总统在耶鲁的历史性开幕演说 充满了言辞 |
| 42 | and its scope, and more than a half a century later, there is still much for us to heed | 半个多世纪后,我们还有很多事情需要注意 |
| 43 | from his message, including the abiding but now especially relevant value of seeking new | 从他的信息,包括寻求新的但现在特别相关的价值 |
| 44 | perspectives. | 观点。 |
| 45 | Too often, President Kennedy told the graduates in a rousing appeal for intellectual humility, | 肯尼迪总统经常向毕业生们发出呼吁,要求他们谦卑思想, |
| 46 | too often we subject all facts to a prefabricated set of interpretations. | 我们常常对所有事实作一套预制的解释。 |
| 47 | Too often, he continued, we enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought. | 他继续说,我们经常享受意见的舒适,没有思想的不适。 |
| 48 | History teaches us the grave hazard of certitude and the hubris from which it germinates. | 历史教导我们,认知的严重危险及其发芽的傲慢。 |
| 49 | Now, when I was a graduate student here, Professor Irving Janis, a social psychologist, was one | 当我是这里的研究生时 社会心理学家艾文·詹尼斯教授 |
| 50 | of my teachers. | 我的老师 |
| 51 | He formulated the concept of groupthink and linked the suppression of dissent to a series | 他提出了群体思想的概念,并将压制不同意见与一系列问题联系起来。 |
| 52 | of foreign policy debacles, such as the escalation of the Vietnam War and the Bay of Pigs invasion. | 例如越南战争升级 猪湾入侵 |
| 53 | The Bay of Pigs invasion, a decision by Kennedy to have the CIA lead a group of armed Cuban | "猪湾入侵" 肯尼迪决定让中情局带领一批古巴武装 |
| 54 | in a failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro, was described by Kennedy aide Arthur Schlesinger | 在推翻菲德尔·卡斯特罗失败的企图中,肯尼迪助手阿瑟·施莱辛格描述 |
| 55 | as rooted in a curious atmosphere of assumed consensus in which no one spoke against it. | 并植根于一种令人怀疑的共识气氛中,没有人反对这种共识。 |
| 56 | And as President Kennedy himself disclosed to Time magazine, there were 50 or so of us, | 正如肯尼迪总统本人向《时代》杂志披露的 我们大概有50个人 |
| 57 | presumably the most experienced and smartest people we could get to plan such an operation. | 可能是最有经验和最聪明的人 我们能计划这样的行动。 |
| 58 | Most of us thought it would work. | 我们大多数人都认为它会奏效。 |
| 59 | I wasn't aware of any great opposition. | 我并不知道有什么伟大的反对。 |
| 60 | Yet, when we saw the wide range of failures, Kennedy continued, we asked ourselves, why | 然而,当我们看到各种失败时,肯尼迪仍在继续,我们问自己,为什么 |
| 61 | had it not been apparent to somebody from the start? | 从一开始就有人看不出来吗? |
| 62 | I guess you get walled off from reality when you want something to succeed too much. | 我猜当你想要什么 成功太多的时候 你就会脱离现实了 |
| 63 | The invasion was an embarrassment to the United States. | 此次入侵令美国感到尴尬. |
| 64 | And in those Cold War days, it pushed Cuba closer to the Soviet Union. | 在冷战时期,它使古巴更接近苏联。 |
| 65 | In the many years since President Kennedy spoke at Yale, silos in which unchecked opinion | 自从肯尼迪总统在耶鲁演讲以来的很多年里, 仓仓里没有被约束的意见 |
| 66 | refuge have become both ubiquitous and more easily accessed. | 庇护所既无处不在,也更容易进入。 |
| 67 | They act as echo chambers that reaffirm beliefs in real time. | 它们充当回声室,实时重申信仰。 |
| 68 | Within these silos, speculation travels great distances without scrutiny, and the spirit | 在这些仓仓中,投机活动远走高飞,没有经过仔细审查,而且精神 |
| 69 | of discord between these silos discourages the honest exchange of ideas across them. | 这些仓储地之间的不和阻碍了它们之间诚实的意见交流。 |
| 70 | In short, clinging to our circles of consensus has grown more comforting and questioning | 简言之,坚持我们的共识 已经变得更加令人欣慰和质疑 |
| 71 | them more difficult. | 他们更困难。 |
| 72 | I encourage you to reject that comfort, because a willingness to explore new ideas is what | 我鼓励你拒绝这种安慰 因为探索新想法的意愿 |
| 73 | makes all the difference. | 使一切差别. |
| 74 | You know this perfectly well, I realize. | 你很清楚这一点,我知道。 |
| 75 | The diversity of academic experiences available here at Yale ensured that you were not limited | 耶鲁大学的学术经验多种多样,确保了你们不受限制 |
| 76 | to learning from those who already shared your outlook. | 向那些已经认同你观点的人学习 |
| 77 | Indeed, President Kennedy chose to speak of such matters at Yale because of the self-evident | 事实上,肯尼迪总统选择在耶鲁谈论这些问题是因为不言而喻, |
| 78 | truth that a great university is always enlisted against the spread of illusion and on the | 事实上,伟大的大学 总是被召去对抗幻觉的传播 |
| 79 | side of reality. | 现实的一面。 |
| 80 | Another social psychologist, Mark Leary, who recently retired from the faculty of Duke | 另一位社会心理学家,马克·里里,最近从杜克学院退休 |
| 81 | University, closely examined the intellectual humility I seek to nurture in higher education | 大学,仔细研究我在高等教育中 追求的智力谦卑 |
| 82 | generally and in you today. | 总的来说,在你今天。 |
| 83 | His review of this attribute, a recognition that one's beliefs and opinions might be | 他对这一属性的审查,承认一个人的信仰和意见可能是 |
| 84 | incorrect, reveals that it is associated with gratitude, altruism, empathy, and more satisfying | 错误的,揭示它与感激,利他主义,同情心,以及更令人满意的 |
| 85 | relationships. | 关系 |
| 86 | Intellectually humble people are more likely to be forgiven by others for their mistakes. | 知识谦卑的人更容易因为自己的错误而被别人原谅. |
| 87 | As extremism, polarization, and gridlock plague our politics at a time when pressing challenges | 极端主义、两极分化和僵局在紧迫挑战之际困扰着我们的政治 |
| 88 | call on us to harness our shared humanity, Professor Leary details equally substantial | Leary教授呼吁我们利用我们共同的人性, |
| 89 | advantages of intellectual humility for society, including lower acrimony that is based on | 知识谦卑对社会的好处,包括基于 |
| 90 | differences in beliefs and ideology, and greater negotiation and compromise. | 信仰和意识形态的差异,以及更大的谈判和妥协。 |
| 91 | Now when we first met four years ago in Wolsey Hall, I described a series of obligations | 现在,当我们四年前在Wolsey Hall第一次见面时, 我描述了一系列义务 |
| 92 | that would accompany your Yale education, including the responsibility to be constantly | 在耶鲁大学的学习中 包括不断的责任 |
| 93 | curious and to listen carefully to others. | 好奇心和仔细听别人。 |
| 94 | At that 2018 opening assembly, I encouraged members of this class to remember that you | 在2018年的开幕大会上 我鼓励这个班的成员们记住你 |
| 95 | have come to Yale because you don't know everything. | 来耶鲁是因为你不知道一切 |
| 96 | Not yet. | 还没 |
| 97 | Now even as you prepare to depart Yale four years later, I will again declare that your | 现在即使你准备四年后离开耶鲁 我也会再次宣布 |
| 98 | acquisition of knowledge is unfinished. | 获得知识的工作尚未完成。 |
| 99 | You will leave Yale despite not knowing everything. | 你要离开耶鲁,尽管你不知道一切 |
| 100 | The transformative power of liberal education lies not in a promise to teach you everything, | 自由教育的变革力量 不在于承诺教你一切 |
| 101 | but in the preparedness to meet presumptions, including those we harbor ourselves with a | 但是,在准备满足假设方面,包括那些我们以 |
| 102 | healthy measure of doubt. | 健康地衡量怀疑。 |
| 103 | It lies not in the ability to answer, but in the audacity to question. | 它不在于回答的能力,而在于质疑的胆量。 |
| 104 | As graduates, it behooves you to carry forth the inquisitive attitude you have forged here | 作为毕业生,你应该 采取你在这里所形成的好奇态度 |
| 105 | at Yale into the world. | 在耶鲁进入世界。 |
| 106 | To carry forth your insistence on pushing opinions, including your own, beyond the confines | 执行你坚持 推动意见,包括你自己, 超越范围 |
| 107 | of comfort. | 以慰藉为乐。 |
| 108 | Your resolve to strengthen your reasoning through personal investigation and civil discourse. | 你决心通过个人调查和民间谈话加强你的推理。 |
| 109 | In thinking of these trademarks of the academic enterprise, I'm reminded of a dictum from | 在思考这些学术企业的商标时,我想起了来自 |
| 110 | Rabbi Moses Ben-Meiman, the great medieval philosopher known as Maimonides. | 拉比·摩西·本-梅曼(Rabbi Moses Ben-Meiman),被称为迈莫尼德斯的中世纪伟大哲学家. |
| 111 | Maimonides在Perkei Avot的介绍中, | |
| 112 | accept the truth from whoever speaks it. | 接受任何人所说的话。 |
| 113 | Indeed, wisdom is rooted in this willingness. | 的确,智慧植根于这种意愿。 |
| 114 | This responsibility to entertain ideas brought to you by others. | 由他人给你带来的想法 |
| 115 | To listen carefully, to think critically, to challenge your views, and then to change | 仔细听好 仔细思考 质疑你的观点 然后改变 |
| 116 | them when the discovery of truth demands it. | 当发现真理的时候, |
| 117 | As Justice Sonia Sotomayor said recently, it is, I fear, too easy for people to fail | 正如索尼娅·索托马约尔法官最近所说 恐怕人们很难失败 |
| 118 | to listen when what they're hearing is different than what they think. | 当他们听到的和他们想的不一样时, |
| 119 | As we know, engaging with those who hold profoundly different perspectives threatens not to betray | 正如我们所知,与观点迥异的人接触有可能不背叛 |
| 120 | our beliefs, but to broaden them. | 我们的信仰,但是要扩大它们。 |
| 121 | Listening to that with which we may disagree is an act not of conciliation, but of fidelity | 倾听我们可能不同意的,不是调解,而是忠贞的行为。 |
| 122 | to truth. | 说实话 |
| 123 | And admitting what we got wrong is no sign of failure, but a necessary step toward knowledge. | 承认我们的错误并不是失败的征兆,而是迈向知识的必要步骤。 |
| 124 | The mark of a great education consists not only of the new frontiers of knowledge we | 伟大教育的标志 不仅仅是我们新的知识前沿 |
| 125 | reach, but of the existing viewpoints we reconsider. | ,但我们重新考虑现有的观点。 |
| 126 | Not necessarily of the understanding we gain, but of the assumptions we shed. | 不一定了解我们获得的理解,而是我们放弃的假设。 |
| 127 | For only when we subject the prefabricated set of interpretations President Kennedy spoke | 只有当我们用预制解释 肯尼迪总统讲话时 |
| 128 | of here at Yale to scrutiny, can we elevate our limitations into points of strength. | 我们能否把我们的局限性提升到优势点 |
| 129 | Indeed, humility, that willingness to say we are wrong, enables us to scale otherwise | 确实,谦卑,这种说我们错了的意志,使我们有能力以其他方式扩大规模。 |
| 130 | unattainable heights in the lifelong pursuit of knowledge. | 终身追求知识中无法达到的高度. |
| 131 | As Yale graduates, you are allegiant to truth. | 作为耶鲁大学的毕业生,你对真理充满爱意。 |
| 132 | You know that breakthroughs are byproducts of the questions you raise, the conventions | 你知道突破是 你提出的问题的副产品 公约 |
| 133 | you dispute, the fallacies you uncover, but also the mistakes you own. | 你们争论,你们发现的谬误,以及你们所犯的错误。 |
| 134 | You know that the new ideas and solutions I spoke of when we first assembled as a class | 你知道,我所说的新想法和解决方案 当我们第一次聚集作为一个班级 |
| 135 | four years ago, ideas and solutions to fight disease, alleviate suffering, and find justice, | 四年前,我们提出了与疾病作斗争、减轻痛苦和伸张正义的想法和解决办法, |
| 136 | are made better when they endure the rigors of critical inquiry. | 当他们忍受了严苛的严酷调查时,他们就会变得更好。 |
| 137 | Perhaps now more than ever, the world into which you will soon enter needs you to search | 也许现在比以往更需要你寻找即将进入的世界 |
| 138 | for these solutions. | 这些解决方案。 |
| 139 | It needs your expertise, but it also needs your example as a graduate of this inspiring | 它需要你的专业知识,但它也需要你作为这个鼓舞人心的毕业生的榜样 |
| 140 | learning environment. | 学习环境。 |
| 141 | It needs you to continue probing the preconceptions held by others and with equal vigor those | 它需要你继续调查 别人持有的先入为主的观念 |
| 142 | you hold yourself. | 你坚持住。 |
| 143 | It needs your answers and your questions. | 它需要你的答案和问题。 |
| 144 | It needs your scholarship and your skepticism. | 它需要你的奖学金和怀疑 |
| 145 | It needs your intellectual prowess, and it needs your intellectual humility. | 它需要你的智力能力,它需要你的智力谦卑. |
| 146 | It needs you, Class of 2022. | 它需要你,2022级。 |
| 147 | Congratulations! | 祝贺你! |
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